Events In Serbia Research Articles

Impact of Domestic Heating on Air Pollution—Extreme Pollution Events in Serbia

Impact of Domestic Heating on Air Pollution—Extreme Pollution Events in Serbia

Bio-politics of Protest: Student Protests in Serbia and Bulgaria as a Mechanism of Security for a Social System

The research-based ethnographic study presented in the paper aims at explaining why the extensive student protests of the last decades in Serbia and Bulgaria do not facilitate the post-socialist transformation. Along with a high occurrence of political upheavals that commonly evoke images of mass unrest and swift social reconfigurations of power, no significant change in politics towards more democratic regime has taken place. Despite the presence of multiple liberal semantics in the public debate, the Balkan discourse on democracy seems fairly remote from the political and social practice. All the well-established theories of protest and social movements remain inconclusive in answering this query. In search of an explanation, the concept of security and the bio-political paradigm of Michel Foucault have been adopted. The distinctive conceptual framework helps to explain how protests became a kind of security mechanism preventing an unstable social system from radical changes. Based on that concept the anthropological investigation allowed to identify some systemic milestones, or structural dimensions, bringing some counterintuitive results when it comes to the assessment of key social functions of protest, and a rather expected disclosure of deep authoritarian settings of governing institutions. Finally, the article discusses some similarities between the contentious events in Serbia and Bulgaria, and how the private stories recorded during in-depth interviews conducted between 2014 and 2017 in Belgrade and Sofia combine into one legitimate public narration on the Balkan political issues

Extreme Temperature Events in Serbia in Relation to Atmospheric Circulation

In this study, extremely warm and cold temperature events were examined based on daily maximum (Tx) and minimum (Tn) temperatures observed at 11 stations in Serbia during the period 1949–2018. Summer days (SU), warm days (Tx90), and heat waves (HWs) were calculated based on daily maximum temperatures, while frost days (FD) and cold nights (Tn10) were derived from daily minimum temperatures. Absolute maximum and minimum temperatures in Serbia rose but were statistically significant only for Tx in winter. Positive trends of summer and warm days, and negative trends of frost days and cold nights were found. A high number of warm events (SU, Tx90, and HWs) were recorded over the last 20 years. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models were applied to find the relationship between extreme temperature events and atmospheric circulation. Typical atmospheric circulation patterns, previously determined for Serbia, were used as predictor variables. It was found that MLR models gave the best results for Tx90, FD, and Tn10 in winter.

THE REPRESENTATION OF THE NATO BOMBING OF YUGOSLAVIA IN FOREIGN ARTISTIC AND MASS MEDIA TEXTS: UNJUSTIFIED WAR OR JUSTIFIED INTERVENTION?

In addition to scientific and historical accounts, artistic and media texts also construct stories of significant events, thus constructing ideologically charged narratives of present and past events. These narratives can become official versions of the past that shape collective memory and identity. Unlike history books, which are written with a greater time distance, media and artistic texts directly influence the formation of narratives about current events and therefore the self-confidence and self-understanding of the collective. Based on an interest in the question of how identity is formed in today's Serbia, this article deals with media and artistic texts that speak about one of the most significant events in Serbia’s recent history - the NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Opinions about this event are divided, and the totality of information about the bombing seems unknowable. To establish a more objective approach to this issue, the images of the bombing created by foreign media and artists are analyzed from the point of view of Memory Studies and through theories of arts and media (Assmann, Hartman, Felman, Laub, Kuljić), primarily using content and linguistic discourse analysis (Foucault, Spitzmüller, Warnke). The analysis has shown that most of the analyzed media texts justify the bombing, while all artworks criticize and condemn it. This has led us to the conclusion that that the bombing wasn’t justified, and that media texts on the subject served as political propaganda. In other words, artistic texts have a greater potential for social and political criticism than the media.

Gastronomske manifestacije u funkciji promocije Srbije kao turističke destinacije

Special attention is paid to gastronomic tourism as a special form of tourism that has become increasingly popular in recent years, which makes countries that are not endowed with natural beauty, favorable climate or rich history, become potentially attractive destinations for visitors. Data collection and analysis focused on food and beverage events in Serbia, shows a tendency to increase the number of the same and indicates the possibility of attracting domestic and foreign guests throughout the year. In addition, the authenticity of the region within Serbia makes their gastronomic offer unique, which contributes to creating a specific experience of increasingly demanding visitors and, consequently, the promotion of Serbia in a competitive tourist market.

The Role of Gender in Preparedness and Response Behaviors towards Flood Risk in Serbia

Adverse outcomes from 2014 flooding in Serbia indicated problematic response phase management accentuated by a gender imbalance. For this reason, we investigated the risk perceptions and preparedness of women and men regarding these types of events in Serbia. Face-to-face interviews, administered to 2500 participants, were conducted across 19 of 191 municipalities. In light of the current findings, men seemed to be more confident in their abilities to cope with flooding, perceiving greater individual and household preparedness. By contrast, women displayed a deeper understanding of these events. Perhaps owing to a deeper level of understanding, women demonstrated more household-caring attitudes and behaviors and were more prone to report a willingness to help flood victims at reception centers. Emergency management agencies and land planners should account for these differences in gender awareness and preparedness. Based on these findings, doing so may increase citizen participation and shared responsibility under flood hazard scenarios.

Extreme Precipitation Events in Serbia: Defining the Threshold Criteria for Emergency Preparedness

Considering recent weather events in Serbia (especially the floods in 2014), a need has arisen for research that would help in identifying extreme weather phenomena. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to determine the thresholds above which intense precipitation can be considered as extreme precipitation events in Serbia. In this study, we determined the frequency of precipitation occurring at an intensity above the threshold of an extreme phenomenon (1961–2015), as well as the frequency of precipitation occurring at or above the absolute daily maximum in the reference period (1961–1990). The study sample included daily rainfall observations from 28 stations from the national meteorological network in Serbia. Applying a decile method, all the stations recording precipitation above the threshold of dangerous phenomena on the same day are classified into the corresponding decile. The threshold value was determined as the average value of the extreme annual precipitation in the analyzed period. The cases that are due to the high prevalence listed in the last decile are considered extreme. The results showed that the critical number of observation points above which an event is considered extreme precipitation event is 6.21, and a warning of the danger could be ensured only in the case of neighboring stations in the network. The threshold of extreme precipitation events for the individual stations ranges up to 130 mm. The obtained results might be used to mitigate the effects of extreme precipitation events in Serbia in the future.

Na marginama medijske agende - (ne)privilegovana mesta kulture

Based on professional standards as well as legal regulations, public service broadcasting of the Radio Television of Serbia should be an intermediary in realization of the public interest of all Serbian citizens. One of the main tasks of the Belgrade Television Program is to keep the whole nation informed - all citizens informed equally and in a balanced way. After recognizing the need of the viewers for a television show which would present cultural news from both Serbia and the world, the public broadcasting company started airing the 'Culture News' in February 2014. In order to investigate the relationship that the 'Culture News' had towards cultural events in Serbia, primarily in relation to cultural events organized outside Belgrade, our main research question was: Does the broadcast of the 'Culture News' on Belgrade Television meet the standards prescribed by the Law on Public Service Broadcasting? Namely, a balanced representation of topics from all parts of Serbia should be not only a legal, but also the professional obligation of the Public Service Broadcasting channel. Therefore, another research question also was: Are other places in Serbia on the side­lines and neglected compared to Belgrade? For the purposes of this research, we have conducted an analysis of the 'Culture News' television show broadcast between May 1 and May 31, 2018, which included a total of 23 television broadcasts, that is, 170 features. May was chosen for the analysis because this is a month when, in many Serbian cities and towns, a large number of cultural events are traditionally organized, which are not only of local but also of national significance, by events evaluation criteria. Based on the month-long analysis of this television show, the authors have identified a prominent marginalization of reporting on cultural events that are organized outside the country's capital. Namely, 127 out of 170 features (74.71%) talked about the events that were organized in Belgrade; other Serbian cities and towns were represented with only 16 features (9.42%), while the remaining features were reserved for global events. Although genre­varied and of a high level of quality, the 'Culture News' television show cannot satisfy neither the legal requirements nor the needs of all viewers in Serbia, since their reporting favours one city, leaving everyone else on the side­lines of culture and society.

Chronicle of Scholarly Events in Serbia in 2017

Chronicle of Scholarly Events in Serbia in 2017

Jugoslavija, najveća srpska uhronija

Bearing in mind the warning Crnjanski made '[that] things should be considered from a Serbian point of view', this paper represents a critical overview of a social phenomenon, the creation of Yugoslavia, (the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes) and which has, in various forms (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and the Slovenes, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro) lasted from 1918 to 2006. In the creation of the idea of Yugoslavia and its realizations, the external and internal factors were co-operating. When it comes to internal (Serbian) factors, the fact that the 'call' of Yugoslavism started with the elite (both intellectual and political) is undeniable, and therefore, it is most responsible for the birth of this idea and for all the consequences that have arisen from it. When after a century from the creation of Yugoslavia we sum up the balance, we find that it was most devastating for the Serbs. In the past 100 years, Serbia-from The Kingdom of Serbia once crowned with glory after The Balkan Wars and World Wars I and II-transformed its position to a losing party in FRY and SFRY, and after the breakup of these countries. The basic idea of this paper that we are trying to prove is that the Yugoslavian idea has been devastating for the Serbian people, as the most dangerous virus, because the Serbs have renounced their national identity for the interest of the common state, on the principles of fraternal equality, bringing in it all of their victories, and ultimately becoming the victim of the ideology. Therefore, Yugoslavia is the largest Serbian uchronia and should serve as a warning to guard against false utopias. Serbia didn't even recover from this drunken euphoria of the creation of the first Yugoslavia during the Second World War. Moreover, due to the British and communist games behind the curtain, Serbia came out this war with at least a million lives lost and without a true social elite that would have foreseen the events in Serbia. The new revolutionary government especially sought and very much succeeded in crafting a break with old historical values, built on traditional religious and cultural principles-especially characteristic for Serbs-which severely damaged the integration of the Serbian people and led to the loss of national identity. After a century of wandering, Serbia has faced new challenges, uncomfortable and incompetent, 'without historical awareness and awareness of evil' to answer them in the right way.

Social impacts of music festivals: Does culture impact locals' attitude toward events in Serbia and Hungary?

There is growing interest among academics in examining the impacts of festivals on host communities. This paper constitutes novel research in that it applies the Festival Social Impact Attitude Scale (FSIAS) to two large-scale music festivals of Exit (Serbia) and Sziget (Hungary). Furthermore, it explores the moderating effect of Hofstede's national cultural dimensions on residents' perception of the impacts of these festivals on their communities. The study identifies the underlying dimensions of their social impacts and reveals how the cultural dimensions of the two different nations relate to resident perception of the impacts of the festivals. The results reveal a six-factorial substructure that represents two main (positive and negative) dimensions of large-scale music festivals and suggests that national culture significantly influences local perception of festival impacts on communities. The study concludes with the theoretical and practical implications of the study and advances future lines of research.

Informal geoscience education for all generations

The exponential development of science in recent times makes it easy for formal education to become outdated. In many cases, school curricula have not adapted to those changes fast enough. Informal education events play important roles in bringing science discoveries and science in general to youths and prospective scientists as well as to wide audiences of all generations. Keeping in mind the influences that geoscience has, from purely scientific to social and political, which impact every person on this planet, lifelong informal geoscience education is important. Different ways of informal geoscience represent best-practice examples from science promotional events in Serbia in the past five years.

Vuk’s Parliament as an element of intangible cultural heritage in tourism offer of Serbia

During the process of choosing the first group of intangible cultural heritage assets as a part of national database of National committee and Center for intangible cultural heritage, in 2012 to national register as an element of intangible cultural heritage entered the cultural event “Vuk’s parliament” (Tršić). Even though, at the first sight, the question of why one cultural event is considered to be the part of intangible heritage could be made, it can be said that Vuk’s parliament is among the oldest cultural events in Serbia, and that it has its own cultural, linguistic, folkloristic, and touristic significance. This paper places the focus on touristic significance, based on the fact that this event is visited by several dozen thousand visitors from Serbia and abroad. The main goal of this research is to determinate how this event as intangible cultural heritage of Serbia could in fact become representative tourist attraction.

Football, hooliganism and nationalism: the reaction to Serbia's gay parade in reader commentary online

Recent events in Serbia, particularly the murder of a French football fan in 2009, hooligan violence in response to the gay parade in Belgrade and riots during the Serbia–Italy UEFA football game in 2010, have brought renewed attention to the issue of hooliganism in Serbia. Apart from vehemently opposing the gay parade, the main actors in these riots – football hooligans and members of radical nationalist groups – have made far-reaching appeals about the nature of Serbian identity, morality and the ‘true’ Serbian nation, have called for toppling of the current government and a clear anti-EU stance. This paper simultaneously explores the overlap between football hooliganism and the extreme-right movement, as well as the reaction of everyday people to the activities of the groups' participants. Discourse analysis of 2700 reader comments in response to the events surrounding the 2010 gay parade provides rich information on the major themes in everyday people's reactions to hooliganism.

Trumpet festival in Guca: Socio-demographic profile and the motives for visiting

Trumpet Festival in Guca, or The First Trumpet of Dragacevo, which was the initial name of this event, becomes a kind of a brand of Serbia as a tourist destination. Every year this festival is visited by hundreds of thousands of tourists from Serbia and abroad, and brass trumpet bands from around the world. As the Trumpet Festival is among the most important events of 2426 categorized events in Serbia, the survey is conducted in order to determine the differences of the visitors relating to the demographic and socioeconomic indicators: gender, age and educational structure. Motivation and expectations of tourists, visitors of the events similar to the Trumpet Festival in Guca can be characterized as a fairly uniform and specific. The mass musical events which include Trumpet Festival in Guca, Exit Festival in Novi Sad, and many other festivals of this kind, have almost identical client?le and principles of behavior of visitors during the events. When analyzing the results of the survey, one should take into account the structure of the sample, which shows that most respondents were in the age group of 20-29 and 30-39 years of age, the majority of the respondents were men, and that high educational level is the dominant segment (up to 53,5% of respondents were with college and university degree and 42% with secondary education). The fact is that the most of Guca visitors come from the territory of Serbia and the diaspora. Also, visitors of these events generally do not show any significant interest in other attractive tourist facilities in the vicinity or in the local area, and very few visitors of the event stays after the end of festival and after the official program of the festival. On the basis of the evaluation of the Trumpet Festival in Guca done by visitors, it can be concluded that this event is generally perceived as a high-quality event, it is of great national importance and has the real potential for further development of tourism in this region.

Torrential floods and town and country planning in Serbia

Abstract. Torrential floods are the most frequent natural catastrophic events in Serbia, causing the loss of human lives and huge material damage, both in urban and rural areas. The analysis of the intra-annual distribution of maximal discharges aided in noticing that torrential floods have a seasonal character. The erosion and torrent control works (ETCWs) in Serbia began at the end of the 19th century. Effective protection from torrential floods encompasses biotechnical works on the slopes in the watershed and technical works on the torrent beds, within a precisely defined administrative and spatial framework in order to achieve maximal safety for people and their property. Cooperation to overcome the conflicts between the sectors of the water resources management, forestry, agriculture, energetics, environmental protection and local economic development groups is indispensable at the following levels: policy, spatial planning, practice, investments and education. The lowest and most effective level is through the Plans for Announcement of Erosive Regions (PAERs) and the Plans for Protection from Torrential Floods (PPTFs), with Hazard Zones (HZs) and Threatened Areas (TAs) mapping on the basis of the hydrologic, hydraulic and spatial analysis of the factors that are important for the formation of torrential floods. Solutions defined through PAERs and PPTFs have to be integrated into Spatial Plans at local and regional levels.

Conference attendees' satisfaction: Evidence from Belgrade (Serbia)

Conference industry brings significant economic effects and that is one of the reasons why many destinations around the world strive to organize conferences, especially the international ones, which make bigger economic effects. According to the Strategy of tourism development of the Republic of Serbia (2005-2015), city break and business tourism are tourism products of high priority, which can provide short-term positioning of Novi Sad and Belgrade, at the first place, at the international tourism market, and contribute to the growth of tourism turnover of foreign travellers. Belgrade is the capital and the largest city in Serbia. It is very well equipped with necessary infrastructure for organizing business events such as conferences, congresses, meetings etc. Lately, the number of international business events in Serbia is increasing and the majority of those events are organized in Belgrade. However, there are very few surveys which are examining satisfaction of the conference attendees in Serbia. This topic is often ignored despite the fact that the attendees satisfaction is substantial for organizers and all other relevant stakeholders at host destination. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze the satisfaction of the conference attendees, as they are final consumers of conference tourist product and their experience regarding both conference and host destination is thus essential to destination marketing and management organizations, conference centres, hotel managers, meeting planners and all other stakeholders involved in conference industry and tourism.

'One Pair of Shoes, One Life': Steps towards Accountability for Genocide in Srebrenica

On 15 July each year, Women in Black, an antimilitarist and feminist organization based in Belgrade, organize or participate in events in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina to mark the anniversary of the genocide in Srebrenica. In 2010, in collaboration with a number of artists, Women in Black blocked the main pedestrian mall in Belgrade and, under police protection, laid out about 500 pairs of shoes given to them by Serbian citizens. Each pair represented the life and death of a person killed in the massacre, and each carried a handwritten message from the person who gave it. We analyse the meaning and significance of this campaign as a civil society mechanism of accountability and moral reparations. Although criminal prosecutions for war crimes in the Balkans have been taking place for nearly two decades, they have not been able to address the conflicts and animosities that persist in the region. We argue that by participating in ‘One Pair of Shoes, One Life,’ Serbian citizens have begun to take steps towards publicly accepting responsibility for failing to prevent the crime of genocide perpetrated in their name.

An Evaluation of Folklore Events in Serbia in Terms of Tourism

In Serbia there are many traditional events based on tradition, folklore, old customs and traditional crafts and trades. Folklore events are the oldest elements in the development of tourism and provide a sufficient motive for tourist visits. On the basis of their program content, these events can be divided into folklore and folk music festivals, festivals of folk customs, and children’s folklore festivals. This paper offers a categorization of folklore events according to economic and geographic criteria; particular attention has been given to events that already are, or have great potential for becoming, a major attraction of the tourist destination in question and can thus contribute to a faster and higher-quality development of tourism.

Objective and intentional errors on modern geographical maps of Serbia and surroundings

The paper analyses the occurrence and the major causes of objective, as well as intentional errors that can be perceived in maps of Serbia and its surroundings over a period of more than one hundred years, when this branch of cartography has manifested visible growth and results. In this respect, the scope and the character of objective, unintentional errors, mostly due to a lack of proper technique and technology for gathering data, gradually decreased over time. These errors were the object of constant professional scrutiny and scientific research, and were not often repeated as a result. On the other hand, intentional errors, which were registered as being of mass proportions at the beginning of the above-mentioned period, mainly occurred as a result of a speculative approach to map making. Such errors, however, did not decrease, but constantly multiplied in terms of their scope and type. Parallel with the above-mentioned errors, in many maps one can perceive intentional errors committed with a view to clouding or distorting the real picture of the mapped phenomena, for the purpose of propaganda, manipulation and various misrepresentations in connection with the turbulent geopolitical events in Serbia and its surroundings over the past thirty years. These errors have rarely been discussed and written about within the scientific community, even though there have been frequent reactions in the press and in other media. This paper lays special emphasis on such intentional errors, which cause a lot of damage to the modern cartography of Serbia, in scientific, social, educational and cultural terms, as well as practical and economic terms, and in terms of use.