Evaluation Of Grain Research Articles

Effect of Some Cutting Practices on Productivity of Triticale Under New Valley Conditions

Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Research Station, Desert Research Center, EL-Kharga Oasis, New Valley Governorate, during the two winter growing seasons of 2020/ 2021 and 2021/ 2022. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potentiality evaluation of grain and forage yields of triticale using some cutting practices under New Valley conditions. Based on the results obtained, if the purpose of planting triticale is to obtain green fodder, the study recommends performing the mowing process 80 days after planting and at a height of 15 cm from the surface of the ground, while if the purpose is to produce grains, the study recommends performing the mowing process at 50 days old from planting and at a height of 15 cm from the ground under New Valley conditions.

Evaluation of grain from soft winter wheat

Evaluation of grain from soft winter wheat

Селекция и семеноводство кукурузы РСК Аврора в условиях аридизации и изменения климата

The article discusses the results of selection and testing of RSC Aurora corn. A brief description is given, the main economically valuable indicators, the yield of grain and green mass, biochemical evaluation of grain and green mass. The system of seed production and modern technology of cultivation are briefly described. The results of cultivation at different plant density are given. Keywords: CORN, PRODUCTIVITY, GRAIN, GREEN MASS, DENSITY, DESCRIPTION

Black germ of wheat in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe

Black germ is a ubiquitous disease of wheat, which, without particularly affecting crop yields, can affect the parameters of the technological evaluation of grain. Until now, there is no consensus on the nature of the occurrence of this disease. In our study, we studied the relationship between the visible symptoms of damage by a black germ and infection of seeds of spring soft wheat samples with fungi of the genera Alternaria and Biporalis in the conditions of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe. The phytopathological analysis of asymptomatic and black-embryonic grains revealed in the latter a significant excess of infestation with p. Alternaria fungi in two out of ten samples. There were no differences in seed infection with p. Biporalis micromycetes between the variants. Only in one sample, the germination of seeds with manifested symptoms of the disease was lower than in visually healthy ones. The percentage of germination of other varieties and lines in both variants did not differ statistically significantly.

Identification of Grain Oriented SiFe Steels Based on Imaging the Instantaneous Dynamics of Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Using Short-Time Fourier Transform and Deep Convolutional Neural Network.

This paper presents a new approach to the extraction and analysis of information contained in magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN) for evaluation of grain oriented (GO) electrical steels. The proposed methodology for MBN analysis is based on the combination of the Short-Time Fourier Transform for the observation of the instantaneous dynamics of the phenomenon and deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) for the extraction of hidden information and building the knowledge. The use of DCNN makes it possible to find even complex and convoluted rules of the Barkhausen phenomenon course, difficult to determine based solely on the selected features of MBN signals. During the tests, several samples made of conventional and high permeability GO steels were tested at different angles between the rolling and transverse directions. The influences of the angular resolution and the proposed additional prediction update algorithm on the DCNN accuracy were investigated, obtaining the highest gain for the angle of 3.6°, for which the overall accuracy exceeded 80%. The obtained results indicate that the proposed new solution combining time–frequency analysis and DCNN for the quantification of information from MBN having stochastic nature may be a very effective tool in the characterization of the magnetic materials.

Laboratory germinability and germination energy of spelt grain depending on fertilization and storage

Spelt is a promising crop for processing, as valuable micronutrients are evenly distributed in its grain, while in modern wheat bread varieties they are concentrated in the hull, aleurone layer and germ. Its proteins contain more gliadins and fewer glutenins, making gluten weak, but better digestible in the human body.
 Purpose and objectives: to assess the germinability and germination energy of spelt depending on the types, doses and timing of nitrogen fertilization and storage period.
 Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the Laboratory of Evaluation of Grain and Grain Product Quality of the Chair of Grain Storage and Processing Technologies of Uman National University of Horticulture. We studied winter spelt variety Yevropa created by hybridization of Triticum aestivum L. with Triticum spelta L. Fertilizers were ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, granular superphosphate, and potassium chloride.
 Results and discussion. The study found that before storage the germination energy of grain was 87–90% depending on fertilization. Nitrogen fertilizers significantly increased this indicator. When grain was stored for 30 and 90 days, the germination energy was the highest and amounted to 98–99%. Longer storage significantly decreased this parameter. It was the lowest after P60K60 application: 95%, 92% and 87% when grain was stored for 180, 270 and 360 days, respectively.
 Before and after 30- and 90-days storage of spelt grain, this parameter amounted to 99% and regardless of fertilizers. The lowest laboratory germinability was observed after 1-year storage of grain (81–84% depending on fertilizers). This indicator was the highest with P60 + N120, amounting to 84%, and the lowest without fertilizers or with N60S70 + N60.
 Conclusions. The germination energy of spelt grain was found to be the highest after 30- to 180-day storage (96-99%). This indicator was most affected by nitrogen fertilizers. After 360-day storage, the germination energy reduced to 87–91% depending on the type and timing of nitrogen fertilization. The laboratory germinability of spelt grain of 97–99% maintained from harvesting to storage day 180. When spelt grain was stored in sealed containers without temperature control, this indicator gradually decreased to 81–84% for 360 days of storage, depending on fertilizers

Evaluation of grain refining performance of aluminum cast using TP-1 test mold

Evaluation of grain refining performance of aluminum cast using TP-1 test mold

Evaluation of Grain and Nutritional Quality of Transplanted Aman Rice Under Different Nitrogen Levels

Quality is one of the key characteristics of rice and is largely governed by nitrogen application. An experiment was conducted to scrutinize the effect of nitrogen on quality characteristics of rice, with three nitrogen levels (viz. 50 kg N ha-1, 100 kg N ha-1 and 150 kg N ha-1) and four varieties/lines (viz. SAU ADL1, BRRI dhan70, BRRI hybrid dhan6 and SAU ADL11). Results revealed that quality characters of transplanted Aman rice were significantly influenced by nitrogen, variety and their interaction. Increasing trend was observed with the increasing level of nitrogen from 50 to 150 kg ha-1 regarding hulling percentage and milling outturn while decreasing trend was observed in case of apparent amylose content and imbibition ratio. Maximum protein content (9.60%) and gel consistency (96.16 mm) were recorded at 100 kg N ha-1. Among the studied materials, SAU ADL11 performed better in case of all studied parameters. Although interaction of 150 kg N ha-1 with SAU ADL1 and SAU ADL11 gave maximum value of hulling percentage and milling outturn. In interaction of 100 kg N ha-1 with these two lines gave maximum protein, gel consistency and satisfactory levels of all quality characters. So, it can be suggested to carry out further investigation with these two rice lines having 100 kg N ha-1.
 Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 59-66

Адаптация сортов яровой твердой пшеницы в степной зоне Акмолинской области

Abstract. The purpose of the work is to identify varieties of spring durum wheat on a complex of features, the most adapted to the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan, as well as the conjugacy of relations between the elements of the structure of yield and grain yield. The research material was an expanded set of promising and registered varieties of spring durum wheat: Damsinskaya yubileynaya, Damsinskaya 90, Sharifa, Khorosan, Solnechnaya 573, Altayka, Korona, Sid 88. The article presents the results of the study on the features of the interphase periods in varieties and the growing season as a whole, identifies economic and valuable features and elements of the structure of the yield of spring durum wheat in the steppe zone of Akmola region, as well as the technological evaluation of grain. Results. The vegetation period of spring durum wheat varieties averaged 76 days within the group, the longest vegetation period was observed in the standard variety Damsinskaya yubileynaya – 82 days, the shortest in the varieties Altayka and Khorosan – 71 days. The highest yield showed the kind of Sheriff – 2.3 t/ha compared to the standard Damsinskaya yubileynaya of 2.1 t/ha. For technological assessment grade Khorasan showed the best indicator of gluten to 38.4 % in comparison with the standard Damsinskaya yubileynaya – 36,2 %. The correlation between the growing season and yield of spring durum wheat varieties was revealed. Scientific novelty. In the steppe zone of Akmola region, a set of new promising varieties of spring durum wheat, characterized by good yield, high adaptive capacity, in comparison with zoned varieties, the technological assessment of grain is determined.

Assessment of the quality and safety of carpets with mycotoxicosis

Assessment of the quality and safety of carpets with mycotoxicosis

Evaluation of grain and oil quality of packaged and ozonized flaxseed

Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), high in substances with functional properties, depends on good practice for assuring the post-harvest quality and maintenance of its nutritional properties. This study evaluated the effect of ozonation and two types of packaging on the grains and oil quality of brown and golden flaxseed stored. The freshly harvested grains were kept in three different conditions viz. control, polyethylene-coated paper packaging and polypropylene plastic packaging for 90 days at room temperature (21 ± 2 °C), with four replicates of 1.5 kg. Ozone injection occurred within a 110 m³ room containing the packages at 10 ppm for 120 min. The results showed that ozonation on different types of packaging and storage did not influence the moisture content of the grains and index peroxide on flaxseed oil. The golden flaxseed variety showed an increase in free fatty acids after storage, as well as mean values for higher fungi count than those of brown flaxseed, indicating higher contamination. The packaging influenced the lipid content for both varieties studied, and, for brown flaxseed, the polyethylene-coated paper packaging showed better maintaining of quality after storage. The type of packaging influenced the color parameters only before of the storage, i.e., instants after ozone application, and the polyethylene-coated paper packaging presented color values similar to the control, indicating that exposure to the ozone gas did not alter the grains. Thus, polyethylene-coated paper packaging showed better conservation of lipids and maintenance of color parameters. Further studies are desirable to determine the appropriate package for the ozonation process and storage of golden flaxseed.

Evaluation of Grain β‐Glucan Content in Barley Accessions from the USDA National Small Grains Collection

The content of (1→3, 1→4)‐β‐glucan (BG) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) has become a breeding target due to the human health benefits of BG. More than 20,000 barley accessions from the USDA National Small Grains Collection (NSGC) have been assayed for BG content and the data recorded in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). This study classified barley accessions as high or low BG content using the GRIN data, analyzed the relationship of BG content with the geographic origin of accessions and other barley descriptors, and verified the analysis with two replicated field experiments using a total of 829 accessions. Content of BG varied with geographic origin and spike‐row type. Accessions from Asia and Africa had higher frequencies of high‐BG‐content accessions and those from Europe and the Americas had higher frequencies of low‐BG‐content accessions. Two‐row accessions were more often classified as high BG content than six‐row types. There was no significant relationship between accession improvement status (e.g., landrace vs. either cultivar or breeding line) and BG content. The geographic differences among barley accessions likely correspond to the ecogeographic classification of barley and end‐use needs, such as malting vs. food barley, that vary by origin. Genebank databases should be expanded to include classification of relative BG content to make the data more readily useful to plant breeders.

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Grain for Green Project in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

Effective Monitoring and Evaluation of Grain for Green Project in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

Ionic conductivities and high resolution microscopic evaluation of grain and grain boundaries of cerium-based codoped solid electrolytes

Doped CeGdO and codoped CeGdOSmO compositions were synthesized, giving rise to nanoparticulate powders. Ionic conductivities at bulk and grain boundaries of the sintered samples were determined, exhibiting increased conductivity in the samaria-codoped samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a significant reduction in the grain size of samaria-codoped electrolytes. This reduced grain size of the codoped samples caused a reduction in Schottky barrier height, increasing oxygen vacancy concentration in the space-charge layer of the grain boundary and culminating in greater ionic conductivity in the boundary region. For the gadolinium doped samples, high resolution transmission electron microscopy images at grains showed the presence of large cluster of defects (nanodomains), hindering the movement of charge carriers and reducing ionic conductivity. However, the samaria-codoped system displayed better homogeneity at atomic level, resulting in reduced oxygen vacancy ordering and, consequently, smaller nanodomains and higher bulk (grain) conductivity. The reduced grain sizes and smaller nanodomains caused by codoping favor the ionic conductivity of ceria-based ceramics, doped with gadolinia and codoped with samaria.

陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益评估

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益评估 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201707261342 作者: 作者单位: 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,中国林业科学研究院亚林中心年珠实验林场 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 林业公益性行业科研专项（201204101，201404303）；科技创新服务能力建设-科研基地建设-林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心（2011协同创新中心）（市级）（PXM2017-014207-000024） An ecological benefit assessment of the Grain for Green Project in Shaanxi Province Author: Affiliation: Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry,,, Fund Project: Beijing Collaborative innovation center for eco-environmental improvement with forestry and? fruit trees (PXM2017_014207_000024) 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:基于截止2013年底陕西省退耕还林工程的资源数据，依据林业行业标准《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》和《退耕还林工程生态效益监测评估技术标准与管理规范》，采用分布式测算方法从涵养水源、保育土壤、林木营养物质积累、固碳释氧、保护生物多样性、净化大气环境及森林防护等7个方面对陕西省退耕还林工程的生态效益进行评估，得出陕西省退耕还林工程生态效益价值量为973.47亿元/a，以涵养水源（274.06亿元/a）、净化大气环境（203.96亿元/a）和固碳释氧（173.95亿元/a）价值为主；3种植被恢复类型中以宜林荒山荒地造林模式的生态价值最高，封山育林模式的价值最低；在3个林种类型中，生态林的生态效益价值大于经济林和灌木林；在不同区域的生态效益价值评估中，以延安市的生态效益价值量为最高。 Abstract:Based on the resource area data of the Grain for Green Project in Shaanxi province by the end of 2013, according to the standards of "Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem services in China" and "Ecological Standard Monitoring and Evaluation of Grain for Green Project", the ecological benefits of the project in Shaanxi Province were assessed with the distributed measurement method for water storage, soil conservation, nutrient accumulation, C fixation and O2 release, biodiversity conservation, air quality purification, and forest protection. We concluded that the total value of the Grain for Green Project in Shaanxi province was 97.347 billion yuan, with the most valuable assets being water storage (27.407 billion yuan), air quality purification (20.396 billion yuan), and C fixation and O2 release (17.395 billion yuan). The ecosystem service of afforestation on barren hills and wasteland was the highest and the closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation was the lowest. The ecosystem services of ecological forests were better than those of economic forests and shrubs among three forest types. In the value of ecological benefits in different regions, the value of Yan'an city was the highest. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Effects of machining parameters on raised grain occurring after the application of water-based finishes

The application of water-based finishes to wood surfaces is known to increase surface roughness by raising the grain. This phenomenon is detrimental in the appearance of the finished wood surface. To eliminate it, light denibbing is needed prior to applying the second coat of finish. The objective of this study is to optimize wood machining to minimize raised grain caused by water-based coatings and to avoid, or at least, to minimize the sanding operation between each coat of finish. Experiments were done on beech samples. Complete experimental design was defined to generate several surface qualities from \textquotedblleftsmooth\textquotedblright to \textquotedblleftrough\textquotedblright which are linked to the average thickness of the removed chips. The planing parameters were the cutting mode, cutting direction, feed speed, and rotation speed. To compare with existing practices in joinery industries, specimens were also sanded. Two layers of water based coating were applied. Half of the samples were sanded after the first coat and the other half were not. Following each coat, surface roughness was measured and raised grain was evaluated through tactile tests. Results show that sanding operation is responsible for more raised grain than planing. Whereas for planing, high chip removal thickness gives more raised grain after coating application. The effects of the other parameters on raised grain occurence are not found to be statistically significant. The average roughness (Sa), quadratic mean roughness (Sq), reduced peak height (Spk) and the material volume of the peak section (Vmp) are the roughness parameters best correlated with tactile evaluation of grain raising, but the correlations are weak.

An ergonomic evaluation of grain picking activity of farm women

A study on an ergonomic evaluation of the grain picking activity of women using conventional and improved grain picker was conducted in Madurai district of Tamil Nadu. Twenty women workers were made to perform grain picking activity by conventional and improved method. Data on time and work study, physiological parameters, hand grip strength and musculo-skeletal disorder of the women were collected. The results revealed that the improved method of grain picking activity showed high picking efficiency (66.86%), minimum reduction in grip strength of right hand (17.52%) and reduced physiological cost of work (19) when compared with conventional method of grain picking.

Therapeutic evaluation of grain based functional food formulation in a geriatric animal model.

This study investigates the effect of wholesome grain based functional food formulation, on clinical and biochemical parameters in 24-30months old Wistar albino geriatric rats, corresponding to human age 60-75years. Animals were randomly divided into five, groups. Experimental diets were compared to the basal rat diet (Group I). Four food, formulation were-wheat based (Group II), finger millet based (Group III), wheat based, diet+fenugreek seed powder (Group IV), finger millet based diet+fenugreek powder, (Group V). These five types of diets were fed to the experimental rats for 6weeks. Hematological and biochemical parameters were evaluated. The results showed that, feed intake was influenced by the type of feed. Diets supplemented with, fenugreek (Group IV) caused a significant increase in serum hemoglobin. The total serum protein values were significantly highest in Group III. Total serum albumin was found to be lower in Group I and highest in Group II. The concentration of BUN was highest in Group I and the lowest in control diet. Serum cholesterol and glucose were significantly reduced in Group IV. Several hematological and serum mineral values were influenced by the type of diet. The type of diet did not influence the organs weight. A moderate hypoglycemic and hypercholesterolemic effect was observed in composite mix fed rats. This study clearly justifies the recommendation to use wholesome grain based functional foods for geriatric population.

Rational Allocation of China’s Grain Resources by near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Grain is a vital commodity that has significant effects on people’s livelihood. Grain is not an infinite renewable resource due to population growth, shrinking cultivated land, limited water supply, ongoing climate change, and so on. In spite of multiple varieties, grain faces serious challenges now and in the coming decades in china. Where there is short of individual grain breed suitable for end-use performance. The farrago of different varieties leads to inefficient use of grain. Improved detection methods are so scarce that grain is not graded in the light of end-use quality. NIR provides a more rapid, objective, and reliable means for the quality evaluation of grain. The paper describing the practical applications of NIR in the entire grains value chain clarifies a viewpoint of improving the utilization efficiency of grain resources by NIR in China.

Nutritional Evaluation of Grain and Straw Fractions of Pea Genotypes Grown Under Arid Conditions

Bingol, N.T., Bolat, D., Levendoglu, T., Togay, Y. and Togay, N. 2008. Nutritional evaluation of grain and straw fractions of pea genotypes grown under arid conditions. J. Appl. Anim. Res., 33: 93–97. The aim of this study was to select the best winter resistant pea genotype as ruminant feed suitable for arid conditions, based on nutritive value and yields. Twelve genotypes viz. A(1103220), B(110121-1), C(110121), D(101917), E(1084222), F(1101545), G(B 8), H(B 6), K(1131556), M(1131522), N(121918), and P(10431) were randomly assigned in three replicates to subplots within each main plot. B genotype had the greatest grain dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and digestible dry matter (DDM) yields. C genotype had the highest straw DM and DDM yields, whereas, F genotype had the lowest DM, CP and DDM yields (P<0.05). Based on total CP and DDM yields B and C genotypes appeared to be the most suitable for the arid region.