EP Ratio Research Articles

Catalytic pyrolysis upcycling of waste thermosetting epoxy resin into fire‐retardant additive

AbstractThis research introduces a low‐temperature catalytic‐assisted pyrolysis method for recycling waste thermosetting epoxy resins, transforming them into an efficient fire‐retardant additive for new epoxy resin formulations. In this study, we demonstrate that boric acid (BA) can significantly reduce the temperature required for epoxy resin (EP) pyrolysis, resulting in degradation products containing boron atoms that can act as a fire‐retardant additive. The impact of 5%–20% content of recycled EP (R‐EP) on the curing process, thermal stability, fire retardancy, and mechanical properties of the new EP was comprehensively investigated. The TGA results show that adding BA to epoxy resin at a 1:4 BA:EP ratio significantly reduces pyrolysis temperature. Neat EP degrades in two stages in 341°C and 557°C, while EP with BA degrades in three stages, starting below 120°C and peaking around 142°C. The results demonstrated an outstanding effect of incorporating 20% R‐EP on the char formation and fire retardancy of the new EP, surpassing the performance of 20% triphenyl phosphate (TPP), a commercially available fire retardant. The storage modulus for neat EP is 1510 MPa, increasing to 2280 MPa with EP/R‐EP 20%, indicating enhanced rigidity. Addition of R‐EP raised glass transition temperature (Tg) of the epoxy resin up to 38°C, indicating highly cross‐linked structures compared to TPP‐modified EP, which shows lower Tg values.

Synthesis of a novel bio-based curing agent and the curing behavior of the corresponding epoxy asphalt system

Traditional epoxy asphalt is made from petroleum resources. However, petroleum-based materials may cause environmental pollution and are not renewable. In this study, a bio-based curing agent MYM was synthesized from Maleic anhydride and Myrcene. The cured epoxy EP/MYM with the weight ratio of 1:1 were prepared. When preparing the modified asphalt, carboxyl-terminated liquid nitrile butadiene rubber (CTBN) was incorporated into the EP/MYM system to obtain the EP/MYM/CTBN modified asphalt system (referred to EMC epoxy asphalt). Firstly, the chemical structure of MYM was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Secondly, the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the cured EP/MYM were investigated by tensile test and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Thirdly, the novel EMC epoxy asphalt was prepared and its composition was optimized. The curing behavior of the EMC epoxy asphalt was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). And the time-temperature-transition diagrams (TTT diagrams) were plotted to determine the optimal curing process. Then the surface micro-morphology of EMC epoxy asphalt was investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Finally, the high-temperature viscoelastic properties of EMC epoxy asphalt were investigated using dynamic shear rheology (DSR) tests. The results showed that EP/MYM has better mechanical strength and more excellent flexibility than those of EP/MTHPA and EP/MHHPA. The weight ratio of EP:MYM:CTBN was 10:8:1.5, and the optimal amount of diluent was 8 % of the total weight of the modifier. The semi-empirical kinetic modes of curing reaction were used to plot the TTT diagram of EMC epoxy asphalt, thus determining its curing technique as 120℃/2 h+160℃/3 h. The cured EMC epoxy asphalt showed uniform alternation of light and dark areas in the AFM images, indicating good compatibility and stability. The high-temperature deformation resistance of EMC epoxy asphalt was significantly improved compared to the base asphalt. The novel epoxy asphalt system prepared in this research provides a new route for the development of echo-friendly epoxy asphalt.

Equity Analysis on IT Sector Stocks

The investment in share market is highly rewarding but highly risky. The concept of analysis comes into picture when decision must be made on choosing a particular company's shares for investment. Analysis includes fundamental analysis. Fundamental analysis is a method of forecasting the future price movements of a financial instrument based on economic, political, environmental, and other relevant factors and statistics that will affect the basic supply and demand. This paper examined fundamental analysis of IT sector of the selected companies from the Information Technology sector, since IT sector is one of the most upcoming sectors in the Indian Market Secondary Data of last 5 year (2019-2023). The sample of the stocks for the purpose of collecting secondary data has been selected based on Random Sampling. For analysis the monthly share prices of the last 5 financial years is collected for ten leading IT companies. for the study through fundamental analysis is carried out by tools like Economic analysis, Industrial analysis and Company Analysis Key ratios include ROA, ROI, ROE, EPS, DPS, dividend payout ratio, dividend yield, and P/E ratio. The stocks are chosen in an unbiased manner and each stock is chosen independent of the other stocks chosen. The major findings are all IT sector companies performing very well and their fundamentals are very strong based on P/E ratio, EPS and Payout ratio. It is recommended to the investor that to invest in IT sector company for long term will be benefited. Key Words: IT Sector, Fundamental Analysis, Investment, Equity, Market [1] Student, B. V. Patel Institute of Management, Uka Tarsadia University [2] Associate Professor, B. V. Patel Institute of Management, Uka Tarsadia University

A comparative study on classification models for stock rating prediction

The digital transformation in the stockbroker industry has led to a significant increase in retail investors, who often lack the expertise to analyse stocks thoroughly. This research addresses the challenge by proposing a classification model to predict stock ratings such as "Reduce", "Hold", "Moderate Buy", and "Buy”, allowing retail investors to make informed decisions. The data analysed is collected from the S&P 500 index through web scraping using Beautiful Soup, resulting in a dataset used for training and testing the classification model. Popular stock indicators are used as attributes in predicting the rating of the stock, which includes the Exchange, Price, Volume, Market Cap, ROE, ROA, P/E Ratio, EPS, Annual Sales, Net Income, Net Margins, and PB Ratio of the stock. The models selected for classification include K-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN), Gaussian Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree, and Random Forest. GridSearch is employed to maximize each algorithm's parameters for optimal performance. Results indicate that the k-NN model outperforms others, achieving the highest accuracy (0.618644) and weighted F1-score (0.605011). However, all models exhibit relatively low accuracy, suggesting the complexity of predicting stock ratings due to external factors not considered in the study.

Fundamental Analysis Based on Earnings Per Share on Divident Payout Ratio to Determine the Prospects of Stock Investment in The Retail Sector

This study aimed to obtain a more specific and comprehensive explanation of fundamental analysis based on the EPS to DPR ratio in order to determine the prospects for stock investment in retail sub-sector companies. It was expected that readers or investors would gain knowledge and comprehension from the results of this study in order to facilitate their ability to analyze stocks using fundamental analysis in the form of EPS ratio and DPR. The methods used in this study were literature study and observation. Moreover, the data analysis techniques used were in the form of quantitative descriptive analysis and simple linear regression analysis. Furthermore, the financial reports of the stock issuers of MIDI, AMRT, RALS, MYOR, ACES, and CSAP for the 2016–2021 data period were the secondary data sources in this study. The results of this study demonstrated a positive and significant relationship between the impact of variable X (EPS) and variable Y (DPR). Moreover, these results suggested that the EPS and DPR values are strongly associated with determining the future prospects for stock investment in the retail sector. In addition, as a result of the EPS value increase, the DPR value will also experience a significant increase, thereby increasing stock prices and indicating good prospects for growth in stock investment. Therefore, this study may be used as a suggestion for BNI Sekuritas Yogyakarta to encourage customers or investors to invest in stocks in the retail sector, especially MIDI, AMRT, RALS, MYOR, ACES, and CSAP stocks

The use of laser radiation to assess the bowel viability in an experiment

Aims: To investigate the possibility of using laser rays scattering indicators to assess the bowel viability. Methodology: 30 white rats. A loop of the middle part of the small bowel (SB) with the mesentery was ligated in 10 rats. A loop of the middle part of the large bowel (LB) with the mesentery was ligated in 10 rats. The width of the laser rays at wavelengths λ=0.63 and λ=0.4 μm scattering zone (WLRSZ) was measured (in millimeters) on the afferent (AP), efferent (EP) and ligated (LP) parts of the bowel’s walls in the in 6 hours. Sections of bowels were taken for histological examination. The data obtained by measurements in 10 healthy animals were the control. Results: In AP revealed morphological disorders without signs of necrosis, in EP revealed minor changes, in LP revealed necrosis. We used the ratio of the WLRSZ at wavelengths λ=0.63/λ=0.4 μm. Control ratio on SB and LB didn’t differ significantly. AP ratio on SB and LB was not significantly different, but was significantly different from the control. EP ratio on SB and LB was not significantly different and did not differ significantly from the control, but differed significantly from the indicators on the AP. LP ratio indicators on SB and LB was not significantly different, but significantly different from the control, indicators on AP and EP. Conclusion: 1. The ratio of the laser rays at the wavelengths λ=0.63/λ=0.4 μm scattering zone width is statistically significantly different in the bowel parts without deviated viability, with morphological deviations without signs of necrosis, and with necrosis. 2. Ratio indicators > 1.58 units indicate preserved viability, indicators in the range of 1.4-1.35 units indicate morphological deviations without necrosis, indicators < 1.2 units indicate bowel necrosis. 3. The determination of this ratio should be used in patients to assess its informativeness. Aims: To investigate the possibility of using laser rays scattering indicators to assess the bowel viability. Methodology: 30 white rats. A loop of the middle part of the small bowel (SB) with the mesentery was ligated in 10 rats. A loop of the middle part of the large bowel (LB) with the mesentery was ligated in 10 rats. The width of the laser rays at wavelengths λ=0.63 and λ=0.4 μm scattering zone (WLRSZ) was measured (in millimeters) on the afferent (AP), efferent (EP) and ligated (LP) parts of the bowel’s walls in the in 6 hours. Sections of bowels were taken for histological examination. The data obtained by measurements in 10 healthy animals were the control. Results: In AP revealed morphological disorders without signs of necrosis, in EP revealed minor changes, in LP revealed necrosis. We used the ratio of the WLRSZ at wavelengths λ=0.63/λ=0.4 μm. Control ratio on SB and LB didn’t differ significantly. AP ratio on SB and LB was not significantly different, but was significantly different from the control. EP ratio on SB and LB was not significantly different and did not differ significantly from the control, but differed significantly from the indicators on the AP. LP ratio indicators on SB and LB was not significantly different, but significantly different from the control, indicators on AP and EP. Conclusion: 1. The ratio of the laser rays at the wavelengths λ=0.63/λ=0.4 μm scattering zone width is statistically significantly different in the bowel parts without deviated viability, with morphological deviations without signs of necrosis, and with necrosis. 2. Ratio indicators > 1.58 units indicate preserved viability, indicators in the range of 1.4-1.35 units indicate morphological deviations without necrosis, indicators < 1.2 units indicate bowel necrosis. 3. The determination of this ratio should be used in patients to assess its informativeness.

Adjustable Ti2C3Alx-based segregated composite network for enhanced electromagnetic shielding and fire safety

With the rapid development of communication technology and portable electronic devices, the demand for the design of electronic devices with superior electromagnetic interference shielding and fire safety performance is increasing. Herein, epoxy resins (EPs) with typical segregated networks were designed by emulsion polymerization and adhesion self-assembly strategies and novel polyphosphonitrile microspheres (PZS) synthesized by precipitation polymerization were used to improve the fire safety of EP composites. It is worth noting that the oil-water (EP to water) ratio in emulsion polymerization is closely related to the microscopic morphology of the segregated network. A smaller ratio of EP to water results in more paths for electrical charge transfer through the EP composites. As a result, EP/PT-3 with a minimum oil-to-water ratio exhibits a high EMI SE (electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness) in the X-band ranging from 40.12 to 40.30 dB at a loading of 7.20 vol% Ti3C2Alx. Besides, the synergistic action of the adjustable Ti3C2Alx network with PZS endows EP superior flame retardant performance. Compared with EP, the PHRR and THR values of EP/PT-3 are down 55.7 % and 72.6 %, respectively. There is no doubt that EP/PT-3 has provided a new route for the preparation of Ti3C2Alx-based electromagnetic shielding and fireproof materials.

Nitrospira dominant pin-point flocs with granule-like settleability in stirred tank reactors with oxic/hypoxic/oxic zones.

The characteristics of biomass and microbial community dynamics, in relation to autotrophic nitrification, were studied in two 20 L stirred tank reactors (STR) with oxic/hypoxic/oxic zones. The bioreactors were fed with synthetic wastewater with stepwise increasing ammonia concentrations (50-200 N mg/L) without organic substrate in the first phase (autotrophic phase) for 35 days (R1) and 15 days (R2), followed by a heterotrophic phase (with supplementation of organic substrate). The settling properties of the biomass, represented by pin-point flocs, gradually improved in both reactors during the autotrophic phase. The pin-point flocs of R1 exhibited granule-like settling properties. The SVI30 in RI gradually improved to 29 mL/g MLSS, and the corresponding SVI30/ SVI10 gradually improved to 0.88 during the autotrophic phase. The settling properties of the biomass deteriorated in both bioreactors during the heterotrophic phase. The protein to polysaccharide ratio (PN:PS ratio) gradually increased in the extracted EPS (in both, loosely bound (LB) and tightly bound (TB) EPS) during the autotrophic phase, in both bioreactors. The TB:LB EPS ratio was higher when the pin-point flocs of R1 showed granule-like settling properties, followed by a decline in TB:LB EPS ratio during the heterotrophic phase. A combination of molecular approaches (droplet digital-PCR (dd-PCR) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing) revealed that Nitrospira were the predominant nitrifying bacteria in the pin-point flocs that show granular sludge-like settling properties during autotrophic phase in R1. Comammox Nitrospira was the dominant ammonia oxidizer in seed biomass and at low ammonia concentrations in both bioreactors. The relative abundance of canonical ammonia-oxidizing bacteria increased with an increase in influent-ammonia concentrations.

Adjustable boron nitride segregated framework in epoxy resin for high performance thermal management and flame retardant applications

Excess heat production in miniaturized and integrated of electronic devices has created a strong demand for polymeric thermal management materials with superior thermal conductivity and flame retardancy. For the reason, a phytate-assisted ball-milling method was used to exfoliate and functionalize the boron nitride nanosheets (f-BNNS) with flame retardancy, which was further modified using KH560. Then, EP composites with f-BNNS@KH560 frames were prepared by emulsion polymerization, adhesive self-assembly and hot-pressing strategies. The mass ratio of EP to water in the emulsion polymerization process is closely related to the structure of f-BNNS@KH560 framework. The smaller the ratio of EP to water, the more complex the structure of the framework and the more paths for heat transfer of the obtained EP composites. Ultimately, f-BNNS@KH560/EP-3 exhibits a high K value of 2.4 W m−1 K−1 at a loading of 30 wt% due to more abundant heat transfer paths and good compatibility. In the cooling performance test of LED lamp, f-BNNS@KH560/EP-3 works at a temperature 16.5 °C lower than that of conventional f-BNNS@KH560/EP composites. Besides, the superior flame retardancy of f-BNNS@KH560/EP is mainly attributed to the strong barrier effect of adjustable f-BNNS@KH560 framework. Undoubtedly, f-BNNS@KH560/EP-3 provides ideas for industrial applications of high power devices.

Excellent Energy Storage Performance in Epoxy Resin Dielectric Polymer Films by a Facile Hot-Pressing Method.

Epoxy resin (EP), as a kind of dielectric polymer, exhibits the advantages of low-curing shrinkage, high-insulating properties, and good thermal/chemical stability, which is widely used in electronic and electrical industry. However, the complicated preparation process of EP has limited their practical applications for energy storage. In this manuscript, bisphenol F epoxy resin (EPF) was successfully fabricated into polymer films with a thickness of 10~15 μm by a facile hot-pressing method. It was found that the curing degree of EPF was significantly affected by changing the ratio of EP monomer/curing agent, which led to the improvement in breakdown strength and energy storage performance. In particular, a high discharged energy density (Ud) of 6.5 J·cm-3 and efficiency (η) of 86% under an electric field of 600 MV·m-1 were obtained for the EPF film with an EP monomer/curing agent ratio of 1:1.5 by hot pressing at 130 °C, which indicates that the hot-pressing method could be facilely employed to produce high-quality EP films with excellent energy storage performance for pulse power capacitors.

PENGARUH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) DAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE (GCG) TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN BUMN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI PERIODE 2007-2021

<p align="justify">Financial performance is an important instrument used to determine whether a company is in health conditions or not. The way to measure financial performance is to look at profitability ratios through ROA and market ratios through EPS. The purpose of this research are to obtain empirical evidence regarding the influence of CSR and GCG on the financial performance of government banking as measured using ROA and EPS. This study uses secondary data, the population used are government banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2007-2021. The sample selection used a purposive sampling method and obtained 60 observational data. The analytical method in this study used panel data regression analysis which was processed using Eviews version 12 with the random effect model method for the ROA ratio and the fixed effect model for the EPS ratio. The results of this study indicate that CSR and GCG as measured through independent board have a significant effect on the financial performance of government banking, then GCG as measured using an audit committee has a significant effect on financial performance as measured by EPS, then the audit committee on ROA and institutional ownership does not significant effect on financial performance as measured by ROA and EPS.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> CSR, GCG, Audit Committee, Independent Board, Institutional Ownership, ROA, EPS</p><p> </p>

A Study on Profitability Performance of Selected Private Sector Banks in India

The objective of this research was to investigate the profitability of a few Indian banks that operate in the private sector. based on the results of profitability ratios such the EPS ratio, net profit ratio, dividend per share ratio, ROA ratio, and ROE ratio. Profitability is a metric for efficiency and control; it represents the effectiveness or efficiency with which a company's operations are carried out. The most crucial indicator of a company's success is its ability to generate profits, whether that means tracking past profits or predicting future ones. A non-profitable company cannot survive. On the other hand, a very lucrative company might provide its owners with a significant return on their investment. One of the most essential functions of business managers is boosting profitability. Managers are always looking for ways to boost profitability within the company. Income statements and balance sheets can be used to analyse these prospective changes.

FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE EVALUATION THROUGH RATIO ANALYSIS: A STUDY ON RURAL POWER COMPANY LTD.

Financial statements are a set of reports that detail an organization’s cash flows, financial position, and financial results. Financial statement analysis provides a piece of information on the financial status and the present situation of the company as well as able to forecast their future plan. This study makes an effort to evaluate Rural Power Company Ltd.’s financial performance from 2018 to 2020. The present study is mainly based on secondary data collected from the sample unit and results are interpreted in tabular form and bar chart using MS Excel. The results show how effectively the company is managed in terms of production, administration, and sales. It means the economic condition of firm is good. On the other hand, the Current Ratio, Liquid ratio, Debt Equity Ratio, Gross Profit Ratio, Net Profit Ratio, and EPS Ratio are acceptable. But the Return on Equity (ROE) Ratio is not satisfactory, which needs further improvement. An economist can assess the degree of economic power concentration and potential dangers in the financial policies adopted by examining the financial accounts of various firms. The analysis also serves as the foundation for a number of governmental acts concerning licensing, restrictions, price fixing, profit caps, dividend freezes, tax subsidies, and other concessions to the business sector.

Cooperation of heterotrophic bacteria enables stronger resilience of halophilic assimilation biosystem than nitrification system under long-term stagnation

Long-term stagnation of biosystems (with no or very little wastewater) owing to seasonal downtime or failure maintenance brings great challenges to the performance recovery after system restart. In particular, the reduction of microbial activity and change of dissolved organic matter (DOM) affect the effluent quality and subsequent treatment procedures. Monitoring the dynamics and resilience of biosystems after long-term stagnation is important to formulate targeted countermeasures for system stability. However, the influence of long-term stagnation on autotrophic nitrification (AN) and heterotrophic assimilation (HA) biosystems has not been systematically explored. Here, we used halophilic AN and HA systems to study the stability and resilience of two nitrogen removal consortia after long-term stagnation. The results showed that 97.5 % and 93 % of ammonium and 47.0 % and 90.1 % of total nitrogen were removed using the halophilic AN and HA systems, respectively, in the stable period. After four weeks of stagnation, the HA system showed stronger resilience than AN system, in terms of faster recovery of treatment performance, and less fluctuations in sludge settleability and extracellular polymeric substances. In addition, after the stagnation period, the DOM of AN system was rich in low-molecular refractory humic acid, whereas that of HA system was rich in high-molecular proteins. The stagnation period led to the replacement of the dominant heterotrophic functional microorganisms, Paracoccus and Halomonas, with Muricauda and Marinobacterium in the HA system. The microbial network results revealed that the cooperation of heterotrophic bacteria enables stronger resilience of the HA system from prolonged stagnation than the AN system. In addition, the nitrogen removal efficiency, protein to polysaccharide ratio of EPS and fluorescence intensity of DOM were significantly correlated with the microbial community composition. These results suggest that AN system has greater risks in terms of treatment performance and sludge stability than the system after long-term stagnation.

Analisis Perbandingan Profitabilitas Sebelum Dan Sesudah Akuisisi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to analyze differences in profitability before and after the acquisition. The profitability ratios used in this study are the ratio of GPM, NPM, OPM, ROA, ROE and EPS. The population in this study is a manufacturing company that made acquisitions in 2014. The sample of this study was determined by purposive sampling so that a sample of 4 companies was obtained. The analytical method used in this research is the ANOVA test. The results showed that only the ROE ratio had a difference after the acquisition. While the ratio of GPM, NPM, OPM, ROA and EPS there is no significant difference before and after the acquisition. The results of the study indicate that the economic objective of the acquisition, namely to obtain synergies, was not achieved.

Analisis Nilai Perusahaan Sebelum Dan Sesudah Melakukan Right Issue

The purpose of this study is to analyze, describe, and measure the difference in the value of the company before and after the rights issue. The object of this research is the value of the company which is proxied by EPS, PER, PBV, and the Tobin's Q ratio before and after conducting a rights issue on companies listed on the BEI. The research method used is quantitative with a descriptive comparative approach, which is a method that looks at the general description of the calculation results of the variables and the differences between the variables before and after the rights issue. Data analysis techniques start from data compilation, data tabulation to testing. The test uses the data normality test, and the different test uses SPSS with the data requirements. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the calculation results increased and decreased each period, the EPS ratio showed no significant difference between the companies before and after the rights issue, in contrast to the PER, PBV, and Tobin's Q ratios which showed differences in the companies before and after do a rights issue.
 
 Keywords: Company Value, Tobin;s Q, Right Issue.

Effect of ROA, EPS, and NPM on the Stock Price of Property & Real Estate Sub-Sector Companies in 2009-2018


 
 
 This study was conducted to determine how much influence the ratio of ROA, EPS, and NPM to the stock price of the property and real estate sub-sector companies. The research population is property and real estate sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2009-2018 as many as 34 companies. The research sample amounted to 28 companies which were taken using purposive sampling method. This research uses causal research. The data analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results obtained from the study showed that: 1). ROA partially has a negative and significant effect on stock prices, 2). EPS partially has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, 3). NPM partially has no significant effect on company stock prices
 
 

The Effect of EPS and Dividend Payout Ratio on Stock Prices: A Study of PSX Listed Non-Financial Firms

The Effect of EPS and Dividend Payout Ratio on Stock Prices: A Study of PSX Listed Non-Financial Firms

МЕТОДИ ОПТИМІЗАЦІЇ СТРУКТУРИ КАПІТАЛУ КОРПОРАЦІЇ

When forming the optimal capital structure, the choice of methods, approaches, tools is important, which is determined by a set of initial conditions, the need to perform the tasks, achieving results / strategic guidelines. The purpose of the article is to systematize scientific approaches to optimize the capital structure, to clarify the impact of factors on the capital structure of the corporation, which will serve as a basis for ensuring the optimal level of capital structure. As a result of the research, the views of scientists on the optimization of capital structure are systematized, the key aspects of the three main approaches to such optimization are singled out and described. The approaches used in determining financial leverage are described. The expediency of determining financial leverage through the ratio of EPS – earnings per share and EBIT – earnings before interest and taxes is substantiated. The most common methods of capital structure optimization are identified: the method of capital expenditures (the method of minimizing the weighted average cost of capital); the method of determining the effect of financial leverage or the method of maximizing the level of financial profitability; method of determining the complex operational and financial leverage; EBIT-EPS valuation method, Du Pont method, operating profit method and adjusted present value method. Their features, advantages and disadvantages of use are described. The factors influencing financial leverage are systematized, the positive or negative influence of each of the determined factors on financial leverage is determined. A matrix of factors that determine the optimal capital structure in terms of the environment (internal or external) and the implementation of financial policy (at the strategic or operational-tactical levels).

Portfolio Optimization in DSE Using Financial Indicators, LSTM & PyportfolioOpt

Due to its suitable power to anticipate using Non-Linear forecasting methodologies, LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) has changed the approach to time series prediction several folds. Process compatibilities of technical identifiers and various financial benchmarks that are defining financial decision-making in international markets are affecting Bangladesh Market as well. Issues like MACD and RSI as a technical investigator and financial ratio aspects of EPS and PE Ratio play an important role in the selection of assets in DSE. Given adequate training in line with intended functionality models, RNN has the potential to think through in a similar manner and the probable results are exhibited in this paper. Because of the Gated Structure, which refers to retaining important information and discarding irrelevant information through diminishing gradient and exploding gradient, LSTM has achieved significant advances in nonlinear forecasting that is based on human behavior. In this study, we compared two alternative portfolios that will be dependent on LSTM's future forecasting capabilities in terms of projecting the greatest potential output, which is demonstrated using Portfolio Optimization principles.