Environment-friendly Development Research Articles

Development of videogrammetry as a tool for gas-particle fluidization research

Many industries use fluidization of solid particles for energy efficiency or environmental friendly process development, and this paper introduces research techniques developed for investigating gas-particle systems At present there is plenty of room for refining gas-particle fluidization process. With the rapidly rising application of mathematical modelling, real time visualization of processes will be widely used for validation of those models in the near future. In presented research, photogrammetry, as a part of close range vision metrology, has been expanded to allow dynamic space and time analysis of the phase concentration distribution inside fluidization devices. A novel videogrammetry method was created with additional stochastic process analysis for detailed frequency and amplitude characteristics. Videogrammetry was used for the assessment of flow regimes, which were held in various types of fluidization apparatuses. Classic bubbling, jet-spouted and fast circulating fluidization processes were explored under the investigation. Videogrammetry is non-invasive flow regime recognition method, which enables detailed research of gas-particle fluidization phenomena. Until now, there were no comparative studies for three different types of fluidization processes with the use of one complex approach. Developed videogrammetric method consists of the flow structure visualization and dynamic image analysis. The analysed feature is the grey level of the image in time domain, and grey level signals were analysed with the use of autocorrelation function and power density function. The results are presented as images, plots and a flow map. Efficiency of the method was tested by comparison of real observed flow structures to the reconstructed flow structures and the recognition accuracy reached 92%.

Green Bond and shareholders' wealth: a multi-country event study

Recently, there has been increasing global interest and concerns towards sustainable and environmental friendly development among firms and investors. In conjunction to this rising demand, Green Bond market was introduced. In providing general overview on how Green Bond is perceived by shareholders, this study attempts to identify the shareholders' wealth reactions towards Green Bond announcements using multi-country samples. Specifically, we find that shareholders generally react positively a day after the Green Bond announcements were made by issuers. Overall, this study would be useful for future researchers who plan to explore the potential of using multi-country event study methodology and to add more evidence on existing literatures in relation to credit risk valuation for international corporate Green Bonds.

Literature Review of the Study of Carbon Emission Rights

The importance of green development, namely environment-friendly development is recognized world wild today. As integral parts of green development, carbon finance and carbon trading are expected to have huge market potential, which justifies the academic significance of a literature study in this area. The study of trading of the carbon emission rights mainly focuses on the following three aspects: the classification of carbon emission rights, the influencing factors of carbon emission rights and the price features of carbon emission rights.

Research on the Development of a Sustainable Green Logistics System from the Perspective of Pakistan

Building a green logistics system is the inevitable direction of modern logistics development. There is no doubt that green logistics also have social and economical value but the ultimate goal is sustainable and environmental-friendly development and to reduce harmful effects of businesses on the environment. In the development of green logistics system need to consider green purchasing, green production, green transportation and distribution, green packaging and waste recycling. These are the mandatory requirement for the building of reliable green logistics system. In addition, we need to take appropriate measures to build scientific system for green logistics development.

VALPARAISO H30 Humedad y restauración ecológica: estrategias para un ordenamiento territorial desde sus factores de riesgo

The following research aims at addressing one of the main risk factors facing Valparaiso: fires. While these events take place periodically, comprehensive prevention and even eradication measures are still missing. Following an inclusive and integral perspective, this work suggests a different approach: environmental. Considering Valparaiso's vulnerability, resulting from its latent risk and low humidity rates, several strategies are discussed focused on environmental regeneration and restoral. The scope of action will not restrict to urban areas but will also include that backyard that everyone wants to avoid and where regulations and political interest seem to be missing. The purpose is to generate a green territorial infrastructure favoring the city's sustainable and environmentally-friendly development.

Sustained Development of Land Resources: A Policy Model for Sudan

The paper develops a model that shares common features with the computable general equilibrium (CGE) models. It is used to address two questions. First, what are the future prospects of a green gross domestic product (GDP), should we be concerned for resource degradation or not, and to what extent, and under which conditions? Secondly, which policies are more effective than the others? Different model closures are simulated relating to different specifications of exogenous variables. Furthermore, alternative policies are treated: human capital, price incentives, property rights and poverty reduction. In the African context, we show that while the prospects of environment-friendly economic development, i.e. a rising green GDP, are weak in the medium-run, yet under certain structural conditions there is a range of effective policies that resolve the conflict between economic growth and resource degradation, and contribute positively to a rising green GDP.

Recent advances in the metabolic engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum for the production of lactate and succinate from renewable resources.

Recent increasing attention to environmental issues and the shortage of oil resources have spurred political and industrial interest in the development of environmental friendly and cost-effective processes for the production of bio-based chemicals from renewable resources. Thus, microbial production of commercially important chemicals is viewed as a desirable way to replace current petrochemical production. Corynebacterium glutamicum, a Gram-positive soil bacterium, is one of the most important industrial microorganisms as a platform for the production of various amino acids. Recent research has explored the use of C. glutamicum as a potential cell factory for producing organic acids such as lactate and succinate, both of which are commercially important bulk chemicals. Here, we summarize current understanding in this field and recent metabolic engineering efforts to develop C. glutamicum strains that efficiently produce L- and D-lactate, and succinate from renewable resources.

海峡西岸经济区景观格局10年变化及驱动力

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 海峡西岸经济区景观格局10年变化及驱动力 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201401180141 作者: 作者单位: 中国科学院城市环境研究所 城市环境与健康重点实验室,中国科学院城市环境研究所 城市环境与健康重点实验室,中国科学院城市环境研究所 城市环境与健康重点实验室,中国科学院城市环境研究所 城市环境与健康重点实验室,普渡大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 福建省自然科学基金(2013J05061);全国生态环境十年(2000-2010年)变化遥感调查与评估专项课题(STSN-11-02) Decadal temporal changes in landscapes and their driving forces for West-bank Economic Zone of Taiwan Straits Author: Affiliation: Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,,,,Purdue University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:海峡西岸经济区是在国家区域发展战略引领下的我国未来发展的重点区域之一,分析其景观格局的变化有利于促进经济区的可持续发展。基于2000、2005、2010年的土地覆被分类数据,采用空间分析、主成分分析、景观指数分析的方法,研究海峡西岸经济区景观格局特征及其变化的驱动力。研究结果表明,由于城市用地面积的扩张,导致耕地、湿地、草地的面积下降,其中面积减少最多的为耕地,10年间减少了约14.0%,与此同时建设用地面积增长了38.6%。除建设用地外,各类景观的最大斑块指数(LPI)值均降低,建设用地的LPI值由0.1增至0.4,成为除林地外的优势景观。耕地的景观形状指数(LSI)由325.1下降到315.9,而其他各类景观的LSI值为上升趋势。林地的平均斑块面积(AREA_MN)急剧增加,由560.6增长到787.6,其他各类型景观AREA_MN值变化甚微。选取经济因素和政策因素分析海峡西岸经济区景观变化的驱动因子,结果表明,海峡西岸经济区景观格局的变化是两个因素共同作用的结果。海峡西岸经济区未来的经济发展需要与该区域耕地缩减的情况相平衡。 Abstract:The economic zone on the western bank of Taiwan Straits represents one of the key development regions for the future under the national development strategic planning. The sustainable development of the economic zone requires the improved our understanding of the current status of ecological landscapes and their changes in the past within the region. The target of this study covers 143440 km2 in area, including 9 cities in Fujian Province, 3 cities in Guangdong Provinces, and 1 city in Zhejiang Province within the economic zone on the western bank of Taiwan Straits. We quantified landscape pattern metrics with land use and cover (LUC) data derived from the Landsat TM imagery acquired in 2000 and 2005 and from HJ-1 imagery acquired in 2010. We computed changes in landscape pattern and performed statistical analysis with the SPSS program to determine driving forces for the landscape dynamics. Our results indicated that the area of agriculture land, wetland, and grassland was decreasing due to the expansion of urban land area between 2000 and 2010. The most noteworthy decrease in area was observed in agriculture land, whose area was reduced by 14.0%. At the same time, the area of urban land increased by 38.6%. The values of largest patch index (LPI) decreased for all the LUC types except for urban land, which underwent a steep increase from 0.1 to 0.4 in LPI. Urban land became the dominant landscape element in 2010. The values of landscape shape index (LSI) slightly increased for all the LUC types except for agriculture land, which experienced a sharp decrease from 325.1 to 315.9 in LSI. The values of mean patch area (Area_MN) varied slightly for all the LUC types except for forestland, which showed a noticeable increase from 560.6 to 787.6 in Area_MN. We choose the economic factors and policy factors to analyze what drove the landscape dynamics in the economic zone on the western bank of Taiwan Straits from 2000 to 2010. We found that the two factors jointly contributed to the landscape dynamics in the study area. The growth in human population and the reduction in agricultural land represented the major conflict for the economic zone. The future economic development on the western bank of Taiwan Straits will be more sustainable if the continuous shrinking of agriculture land is under control in the region. At the same time, ecological resources need to be improved, environmental-friendly development should be encouraged, and long-term strategic planning needs to be enhanced. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

The Block Optimizing Selection and Eco-Environmental Problems of China Shale Gas Exploration and Development

China mainland shale gas exploration and development are carrying out gradually. According to shale gas enrichment degree, water resources distribution and the practice of exploration and development, China mainland shale gas resources can be divided into five blocks. On this basis, the author preliminary discussed the distribution of water resources and eco-environmental problems during shale gas exploration and development. Considering the practice of shale gas exploration and development and water resources situation, the author put forward that the Upper Yangtze and Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi region would be the most favourable block, and there are problems with China mainland shale gas exploration and development, such as large water consumption, well drilling water leakage and mud loss which would contaminate groundwater. In addition, shale gas well injection (grouting) might cause the occurrence of seismic events. After analyzing the two different kinds of opinions on whether China mainland shale gas exploration and development would cause environmental problems, the author pointed out that, without a doubt, there exist eco-environmental problems during shale gas exploration and development, and further proposed that we should put the environmental protection at first place and take the road of environment-friendly shale gas exploration and development by reference to the exploration and practice of shale gas development both of China and other advanced countries in the world.

A Kind of Environment-Friendly Titanium Chemical Mechanical Polish Development

In this paper, fuzzy AHP to select the appropriate environment-friendly chemical mechanical polishing additives, and the rational design of the polish formulation. Practical application shows that the polish has a good anti-wear, the wear properties and anti-rust properties, stable performance ，and meets the needs of the chemical mechanical polishing, the rate of biodegradation more than 80%.

The Green Comprehensive Evaluation of Electric Power Project

With the country goes towards to establish a environment-friendly social and economic development mode transform , power projects can not merely consider the economic benefits of the project , but more synthetically consider different factors, such as impact on nearby environment, local ecosystem and the all hydrographic net system balance, workers status in this project or the impact on culture including culture building or local people living or something are related. and the risk in them, At this time the concept of green electric power project is proposed.

Water Environmental Regulations Pertaining to Urban Moats: An Example from the Qinhuai River, Nanjing

Moats are an important element of the historical development and management of urban environments in China. As a result of the rapid development of cities and long-term over-exploitation and pollution, problems have arisen in relation to urban moats, particularly with regard to the blockage of river channels, the reduction of river areas, and the deterioration of water quality. Treatment and upgrading of urban moats, in relation to the surrounding city and its rivers, is thus important for the harmonious development of modern cities. This is an important aspect of current urban planning and water conservation that affects the quality of life in cities. In this article we have conducted a case study on the Qinhuai River in Nanjing. Specific measures and achievements in relation to water treatment of the Qinhuai River have been analyzed in the context of enhancing water conservation while taking economic factors into account. We have also undertaken an analysis of management deficiencies in terms of environmental degradation of the Qinhuai River and have made recommendations on future management so as to promote harmonious environment-friendly economic development and the coordination of urban development and public health. The Qinhuai River can be regarded as a case study in which the need to maintain historical Chinese moats must be part of the management of the aquatic environment in modern cities. The aim of this study is therefore to provide a reference for water management in other cities.

Ultrasound and Photochemical Procedures for Nanocatalysts Preparation: Application in Photocatalytic Biomass Valorization

Nano-photocatalysis is becoming increasingly important due to its multiple applications and multidisciplinary aspects. Applications such as water/air purification, solar energy storage, chemicals production and optoelectronics are some of the most promising. In recent years, the development of novel environmental friendly and cost efficient methods for materials preparation that could replace the old ones is on demand. Unconventional and "soft" techniques such as sonication and photochemistry offer huge possibilities for the synthesis of a broad spectrum of nanostructured materials (e.g., nano-photocatalysts). In the present study, I focus on ultrasound and photochemical procedures for the preparation of nanostructured photocatalysts (e.g., supported metals, metal oxides) and their application in food organic wastes valorization.

Fungal Decay and Shelf Life of Oranges Coated With Chitosan and Bergamot, Thyme, and Tea Tree Essential Oils

Chitosan coatings, containing or not essential oils (bergamot, thyme and tea tree oil), were applied to oranges (cv. Navel Powell). Antifungal effect was evaluated by applying coatings before and after inoculating the fruit with Penicillium italicum CECT 2294 (10(5) spores/mL), preventive and curative treatments, respectively. The effect of coatings on the quality parameters (acidity, pH, soluble solids, juice percentage, weight loss, firmness, color parameters, and respiration rate) was controlled for the different oranges samples throughout the cold storage time. Preventive antimicrobial treatments with coatings containing tea tree oil were the most effective with a reduction of the microbial growth (expressed as the percentage of infected samples) of 50%, as compared to the uncoated samples. The coatings did not lead to any relevant changes in the development of the sample quality parameters throughout the cold storage, except for a slightly reduced loss of both weight and firmness when the coatings contained bergamot oil. Results of this study are a useful tool for the development of new environmental friendly and healthier commercial applications in the control of the main postharvest fungal decay of citrus fruits.

21세기 수도권 대기환경 개선과 녹색성장을 위한 제안

Ahead of the second basic plan which starts in 2015, tasks needed to improve air quality and encourage green growth in the Seoul Metropolitan Area have been investigated. To date, many research findings indicate that climate change is ongoing and continues to accelerate in the Northeast Asia due to several factors, including unparalleled anthropogenic air emissions from China. An intensive field study is proposed that would target the Seoul Metropolitan Area and would be conducted in collaboration with the international scientific community. While focused on environmental issues in Korea, this study would also benefit the international community by providing insights that can be applied to address similar problems around the world. In addition to the basic plan`s emphasis on improving air quality, there is a need to promote green growth through environment-friendly development. It is proposed that green growth be interpreted as a comprehensive concept, targeting all environmental pollution, rather than being limited to low-carbon goals. It is further proposed that the success of environment-friendly development be measured in terms of risk reduction, energy and resources conservation, economic benefits, and employment expansion.

English

This study investigates the link between energy consumption, financial development and growth in Tunisia. The causal relationship between energy consumption growth (ENC), per capita GDP growth (GDP) and credit to the private sector as a proxy of financial development (CSPV) during the 1972 to 2010 period was examined using the cointegration and vector error correction models for Granger causality tests. The main empirical results show that in the long term there is bidirectional causality between ENC and GDP, as well as a unidirectional causality going of ENC to CSPV. On the short term, only the variable ENC causes CSPV which demonstrates the interest to include this variable in the relation energy-growth. The research results strongly support the neoclassical perspective that energy consumption is not a limiting factor to economic growth in Tunisia. Accordingly, an important policy implication resulting from this analysis is that government can pursue the conservation energy policies that aim at curtailing energy use for environmental friendly development purposes without creating severe effects on economic growth. In future, the energy should be efficiently allocated into more productive sectors of the economy. Key words: Energy, financial development, growth, cointegration.

Effects of environmental regulation on the structure optimization and performance of manufacturing industry in Wuxi City

环境规制已成为促进区域发展方式转变和经济可持续发展的重要驱动力.本文以无锡市太湖水危机事件为例,首先对水危机前后的环境规制政策和手段进行对比分析,其次结合现有理论研究,总结了环境规制对制造业产业结构优化和绩效影响的理论框架,最后在对环境规制强度进行定量评估和对影响产业绩效各要素分析的基础上对理论框架进行验证.环境规制强度的评价结果表明,水危机事件后,环境规制强度显著增加,政府、技术、市场及社会工具的环境规制强度均值在2007-2009年期间比2001-2006年期间分别增加了2.2、1.0、2.6、0.7倍,政府在加强行政管理的同时开始积极探索市场化治理的工具,但以政府规制为主的治理模式仍然没有改变.回归结果进一步表明环境规制通过影响企业准入和提高技术效率,实现产业结构的优化和生产效率的提高,抵消了环境规制对生产成本增加而产生的消极作用,但是创新仍没有成为产业绩效增加的最主要动力.本研究对探讨经济和环境可持续发展模式以及环境规制手段的合理运用具有重要的理论借鉴意义.;Environmental regulation has become one of the most important driving forces underlying sustainable development and the transformation of the pattern of economic development. The water pollution incident in Lake Taihu(2007), called Lake Taihu Water Crisis, has provided a typical study case to reveal the relationship between environmental regulation and economic development. First, through the case study of Lake Taihu Water Crisis, this study compared the approaches and policies of environmental regulation before and after the Lake Taihu Water Crisis. Second, this study summarized the existing literature and developed a new theoretical framework focusing on the impacts of environmental regulation on the optimization and performance of manufacturing industries. Finally, such a new framework was validated based on a quantitative assessment of the relative strengths of environmental regulation policies and an analysis of factors affecting industrial performance. The quantitative assessment of the strengths of environmental regulation policies showed that, after Lake Taihu Water Crisis, during 2007 2009, the environmental regulation has been gradually stronger. The average strengths of government regulation, technological regulation, marketing regulation and social regulation during 2007 and 2009 increased by 2.2, 1.0, 2.6, 0.7 times than the average strengths during 2001 2006. The government not only used administrative commands(government regulation), but also tried to employ market-based regulation approaches on pollution control. However, the environmental regulation is still focused on the governmental regulation approach which has not been changed. Regression results showed that the environmental regulation manifested by the constrains of enterprises'entering in pollution sectors and the encouragement of high-efficiency technologies, has resulted in the optimization of manufacturing industries and the productivity improvement in Wuxi, which also countered the negative impact of rising production costs brought by regulation. However, innovation is still not the main driving forces of industrial performance enhancement. This paper contributes to our understanding of the theories concerning the pattern of sustainable economic and environment-friendly development and the applicability of different environmental regulation approaches.

Environmental-ecological analysis system (EASYS) for urban planning

There are efforts to construct a U-Eco City in Korea that combines aspects of a ubiquitous city with an eco-city. One of the important services offered in a U-Eco City is the ability to calculate carrying capacity to ascertain the level of development that can be maintained under environmental standards. Therefore, the Environmental-ecological Analysis System (EASYS) was developed in this study to promote more efficient environmental assessment and urban management. This system can monitor environmental conditions, assess ecological value, and calculate carrying capacity. The results can be used as a guideline to realize environment-friendly development.

Comparative Analysis of Housing in Conservation Developments: Colorado Case Studies

Conservation development (CD) is an approach to the site design of a development property that combines residential development and land conservation. CD has been heralded as an environmentally-friendly development alternative and a means to finance land conservation. We employ a Box-Cox hedonic methodology using transaction data for all CD subdivisions in five Colorado counties, as well as a unique sample of homes in comparable nearby rural non-CD subdivisions to assess the value of the CD amenity to homeowners. Our research demonstrates significant sales price premiums for homes located in regulated and unregulated CDs relative to comparable non-CDs.

Study on effect of euphorbia coagulum on physico-mechanical and fire retardant properties of polyester-banana fiber composite

Present study is focused on the utilization of coagulum of euphorbia as binder in polyester banana fiber composite. Euphorbia coagulum (dried latex) is rich in resinous mass (60-80%), which are terpenes and polyisoprene (10-20%). Effect of varying percentage of coagulum content on various physico-mechanical and fire properties of polyesterbanana fiber composites has been studied. Since banana fiber is sensitive to water due to presence of polar group, banana composite undergoes delamination and deterioration under humid condition. Alkali treated banana fiber in the polyester banana fiber composite results in improvement in overall mechanical properties and reduction in water absorption. The best physico-mechanical properties have been achieved on replacing 40% of polyester resin by coagulum. An increase of 50% in bending strength, 30% bending modulus and 45% impact strength as well as 68% decrease in water absorption was observed. Incorporation of coagulum in polyester banana fiber composite enhanced limiting oxygen index from 18 to 21% with the reduction of smoke density. The developed composite material can be utilized for the partition board, particle board etc. This study presents the possibility of utilization of renewable materials for environmental friendly composite development as well as to find out alternative feedstock for petroleum products.