Seasonal green space, air pollution, and temperature in the United States: Spatial disparities among people with disabilities.

Introduction Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease influenced by clinical, demographic, and environmental factors. Predicting MS progression is challenging due to the disease's heterogeneity. This study aimed to apply Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods to investigate the association between the MS Severity Score (MSSS), which is a measure that integrates disability level and disease duration, and patients' longitudinal clinical data and environmental exposures. Methods We integrated long-term clinical records from the Mondino MS Center (Pavia, Italy) with environmental data, including air pollution and weather conditions, based on patients' residential locations. To address missing data, we applied a hybrid imputation strategy combining exponentially weighted moving average and linear mixed-effect models. Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) was used for feature selection. We evaluated multiple Deep Learning (DL) architectures, including recurrent neural network, long short-term memory, and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), using varying historical window lengths to predict the MSSS class at the next follow-up. Results The final retrospective dataset comprised 4022 visits from 535 MS patients. AutoML identified both clinical and environmental variables as important features for prediction. Models incorporating environmental data performed comparably to or better than those using only clinical variables. The GRU model achieved the most stable performance, with an average Area Under the Curve of 0.814 when environmental data were included with four prior visits. Moreover, SHAP-based feature importance ranked environmental variables like PM10, PM2.5, nitrogen dioxide, precipitation, and humidity among the top predictors. Conclusion Incorporating environmental exposures into DL models can improve MSSS prediction, highlighting the value of diverse real-world data for MS monitoring. Prediction performance across different historical window lengths was comparable, suggesting that using data from two prior follow-ups (approximately one year of monitoring) may be sufficient to provide clinically meaningful predictions of MS progression.

Brucellosis is an endemic zoonosis in Turkey that can affect infants through maternal transmission or environmental exposure. However, data on its clinical features and treatment in this age group are limited. Among 173 pediatric brucellosis cases, we retrospectively evaluated 6 infants under 2 years of age. We evaluated clinical data, maternal history, breastfeeding, animal contact and environmental exposure as possible routes of transmission. Serologic tests and blood cultures were used for diagnosis. All infants exhibited mild clinical findings, and none developed serious complications. Brucella species were isolated in 5 patients, and the Coombs anti-Brucella agglutination test was positive in all patients. All patients received triple antimicrobial treatment. One patient experienced a relapse and was successfully treated. There was frequent contact with animals, and only 2 mothers had concurrent brucellosis. Infantile brucellosis can be mild or asymptomatic, presenting with a wide clinical spectrum. In addition to serological tests, blood culture is important for diagnosis. Although breastfeeding cannot be ruled out as a possible transmission route, contact with animals is a stronger risk factor. Further research, supported by molecular studies, is needed to clarify transmission from mother to baby.

Sensitive profiling of acidic pharmaceuticals exposure in environment by stable isotope labeling assisted LC − MS analysis

Typhoid fever remains a significant public health challenge in many low- and middle-income countries, including Indonesia, where inadequate sanitation, limited access to clean water, and suboptimal hygiene practices continue to facilitate disease transmission. Although typhoid fever is more commonly reported in school-aged children and adolescents, its occurrence in toddlers poses unique diagnostic and management challenges due to atypical clinical presentations and increased vulnerability to dehydration and complications. Early recognition and comprehensive management at the primary health care level are therefore critical. This study describes the holistic primary care–based management of typhoid fever in a 14-month-old boy presenting to a community health center in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. The patient was brought with a three-day history of persistent fever and a one-week history of watery diarrhea, accompanied by decreased appetite, irritability, and generalized weakness. A holistic diagnostic approach integrating clinical symptoms, physical examination, environmental exposure, and family hygiene practices was applied. Key clinical features included a fever pattern worsening in the late afternoon to evening, prolonged diarrhea, and a coated tongue with erythematous margins, strongly suggestive of typhoid fever in the absence of other focal infections. Management combined pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions tailored to the toddler age group and primary care setting. Pharmacological therapy consisted of first-line antibiotic treatment with cotrimoxazole, antipyretic therapy, zinc supplementation, and oral rehydration therapy to prevent dehydration. Non-pharmacological interventions emphasized continued breastfeeding, adequate fluid intake, safe food preparation, access to clean drinking water, and strict hand hygiene practices within the household. Family members were actively involved in the care process to ensure adherence to treatment and implementation of preventive measures. Clinical improvement was observed following the integrated intervention, with resolution of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms and restoration of appetite and activity levels. This approach highlights the importance of combining clinical management with family-centered hygiene education and environmental risk assessment. The findings underscore the critical role of primary health care services in early detection, effective treatment, and prevention of typhoid fever among vulnerable pediatric populations.

Mechanisms of bisphenols-induced cervical cancer: A multidimensional bioinformatics analysis.

Serum PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs and PCAs: Associations with metabolic syndrome risk factors in the Flemish Gut Flora Project cohort.

Impact of environmentally induced hypothermia on fentanyl and norfentanyl pharmacokinetics following intravenous administration to Wistar rats.

Temporal modulation of cuproptosis and autophagy mediates nanographene-driven pulmonary fibrosis progression.

Effect of amoxicillin on cartilage and bone development in zebrafish and their molecular mechanisms.

Schools against plastics: Schooling environmentally conscious students and supporting research on marine litter and microplastics.

Introduction: Bronchial anthracosis is a chronic respiratory condition characterised by the deposition of carbon particles in the bronchial mucosa. It is frequently associated with prolonged exposure to environmental pollutants, biomass smoke, and occupational dust, particularly in low-resource and rural settings. Aim: To elucidate the clinical and microbiological profile of patients with bronchial anthracosis in the mountainous valley of Kashmir, India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 88 patients diagnosed with bronchial anthracosis who were recruited from a tertiary care hospital. Data were collected on demographics, co-morbidities, exposure history, and microbiological findings through Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL). Statistical analysis was performed using percentage distribution and logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 62.4±8.7 years, with females comprising 59.0% of the study population. Biomass fuel exposure (34.1%) and smoking (39.8%) were identified as significant risk factors. Common co-morbidities included Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and hypertension. The chief complaints were cough (26.1%) and breathlessness (13.6%). BAL analysis revealed various pathogens, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis identified in 10.2% of cases. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between bronchial anthracosis and age, smoking, and biomass fuel exposure, emphasising the influence of environmental risk factors. Conclusion: The findings highlight the significant role of environmental and occupational exposures—particularly biomass fuel use and smoking—in the development of bronchial anthracosis. Older adults, especially housewives and farmers, were the most affected groups, emphasising the need for targeted public health interventions. The association of bronchial anthracosis with respiratory infections and comorbidities such as COPD underscores the importance of early detection and appropriate management. Preventive strategies, including reduction of indoor air pollution and implementation of smoking cessation programmes, are essential to mitigate the disease burden in the ethnic population of Kashmir, India.

Cadmium-induced activation of inflammatory cancer-associated fibroblasts-like cells enhances malignant phenotypes of lung cancer cells.

Environmental standard limit fluoride exposure prioritizes neurotoxicity over osteotoxicity in larval zebrafish: A benchmark dose analysis.

Conditioned medium from 1-nitropyrene induced THP-1 foam cells promotes pro-tumorigenesis in lung epithelial cells.

Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling attenuates hypertension programmed by maternal Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate exposure.

Nifuroxazide attenuates bisphenol A-induced male reproductive toxicity by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and Nrf2/HO-1 and necroptosis pathways.

ERα-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress drives 4-tert-octylphenol-induced cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish.

From laboratory bench to surgical room: Molecular profiling and single-cell technologies in precision surgery for colorectal cancer patients.

Trace metal signatures in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): Insights from an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) hotspot on Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy).