Entropy Evaluation Method Research Articles

Urban transportation system toughness assessment under New Crown epidemics.

Since the concept of toughness was introduced to transportation systems, transportation system toughness has received extensive attention from researchers in the field of transportation worldwide. In this paper, a methodology for quantifying and assessing the toughness of urban transportation systems is proposed in the context of the New Crown epidemic. Firstly, the definition of urban transportation system toughness in this context is clarified, and the entropy evaluation method is applied to construct the performance curve of urban transportation systems over time. Then, it is proposed to quantify the system's resistance, recovery, and adaptive ability in terms of the change in the cumulative amount of system performance. Finally, the three characteristic abilities of system toughness are organically combined to obtain a comprehensive assessment of system toughness. Example calculations and analyses are carried out in four Chinese cities with different levels of development, and the results show that the performance of urban transportation systems is positively correlated with their levels of development, and all of them fluctuate greatly under the influence of the epidemic, but Wuhan has the strongest resistance and recovery ability of the transportation system, and shows the highest toughness, followed by Lanzhou, Changchun, and Shanghai. The system toughness quantification and assessment methods proposed in this paper provide a reference for research on improving the ability of urban transportation systems to deal with multiple uncertainty disturbances.

Single-plane osteotomy model is inaccurate for evaluating the optimal strategy in treating vertical femoral neck fractures: A finite element analysis

Background and objectivesThe conventional method for simulating vertical femoral neck fractures (vFNFs) is via a vertical single-plane osteotomy (SPO) across the entire femur. However, the accuracy of SPO for evaluating the optimal internal fixation strategy (IFS) and the appropriate assessment parameters is not clear. This study thus aimed to examine the accuracy of SPO in evaluating IFSs and to identify appropriate evaluation parameters using finite element analysis. MethodsEighty patient-specific finite element models were developed based on CT images from eight vFNF patients. The natural fracture model was built using structural features of the affected side, while the SPO was simulated on the healthy side. Five different IFSs were applied to both the natural fracture and SPO groups. Thirteen parameters, including stress, displacement, and stiffness, were subjected to a two-way repeated measures ANOVA to determine the effect of IFSs and fracture morphology on stability. A Pearson correlation analysis was performed on varied parameters with various IFSs to identify independent parameters. Based on these independent parameters, the entropy evaluation method (EEM) score was used to rank the performance of IFSs for each patient. ResultsEight of the thirteen parameters were significantly influenced by IFSs (p < 0.05), two by fracture morphology (p < 0.01), and none by the interaction between IFS and fracture morphology. In the natural fracture group, parameters including screw stress and displacement, bone cut rate (BCR), and compression effects varied independently with distinct IFSs. In the SPO group, trunk displacement, BCR, cut-out risk, and compression effects parameters changed independently. The BCR of the Alpha strategy was significantly higher than that of the Inverted strategy in the natural fracture group (p = 0.002), whereas the opposite was observed in the SPO group (p = 0.016). Regarding compression effects, two IFS pairings in the natural fracture group and seven IFS pairings in the SPO group exhibited significant differences. None of the five IFSs achieved the optimal EEM score for each patient. ConclusionsThe single-plane osteotomy model may have limitations in assessing IFSs, particularly when the bone cut rate and compression effects are the main influencing factors. Parameters of the screw stress and displacement, BCR, and compression effects appear to be relevant in evaluating IFSs for natural fracture models. It indicates that individualized natural fracture models could provide more comprehensive insights for determining the optimal IFS in treating vFNFs.

Optimal layout scheme design of distribution network micro PMU based on information entropy theory

Abstract This paper proposes a design method of distribution network micro PMU optimal layout scheme based on information entropy theory, realizes the optimal configuration of distribution network micro PMU, accurately reflects the operation status of distribution network, and ensures the smooth operation of power system. On the premise that the number of PMUs is the least and the distribution network is completely observable, the dynamic characteristics of uncertain nodes such as distributed generation in the distribution network and the existing traditional measurement equipment and measurement information are comprehensively considered, and the information entropy theory is used to measure and evaluate the uncertainty of the distribution network. The distribution network micro PMU distribution point set taking into account the network uncertainty is selected based on the information entropy evaluation method. In the round by round iterative solution, greedy algorithm is used to select the node with the lowest distribution network uncertainty from the existing network nodes in each round as the installation node of the distribution network micro PMU, and obtain the installation node set of the micro PMU, so as to complete the design of the distribution network micro PMU optimal layout scheme. The experiment shows that the optimal distribution network micro PMU layout scheme designed by this method can effectively realize the optimal configuration of PMU, and can realize the full observability of the distribution network with a small number of PMU configurations.

Retracted: Measurement of Entropy Evaluation Method and Matter-Element Analysis Model

Retracted: Measurement of Entropy Evaluation Method and Matter-Element Analysis Model

Weighted guided image filtering with entropy evaluation weighting

Although the guided image filter (GIF) is an excellent edge-preserving filter, it generally suffers from halo artifacts due to the local property and the fixed regularization parameter. To address the problem, a weighted guided image filter (WGIF) was proposed by incorporating an edge-aware weighting into the GIF. In the filtering process, WGIF employs an averaging strategy for edge-aware weighting. Although the averaging strategy is a highly efficient method, it is susceptible to extreme values and tends to obscure critical factors, so it often leads to inaccurate results. Consequently, the output results quality of the WGIF is often degraded. To remedy the deficiency, a weighted guided image filter with entropy evaluation weighting (EEW-WGIF) is proposed in this paper. EEW-WGIF employs an edge-aware weighting strategy based on entropy evaluation method to detect edges more accurately, and incorporates an explicit constraint based on the gradient variation to better preserve edges. To verify the filtering effectiveness of the EEW-WGIF, it was applied to edge-preserving smoothing filtering, exposure images fusion, single image detail enhancement, structure-transferring filtering and image denoising. Experimental results show that the proposed filter can achieve excellent performance in both visual quality and objective evaluation.

Evaluating efficiency of railway transportation based on cross‐efficiency evaluation method and relative entropy evaluation method in China

AbstractRailway transportation system is one of the most important components of the integrated transportation system. A functional and efficient railway transportation system can be conducive to sustainable development of society and economy, thus highlighting the importance of studies on railway transportation efficiency. Therefore, this research proposes the cross‐efficiency evaluation method based on the relative entropy evaluation method (CERE) to evaluate railway transportation efficiency in China. Firstly, the research constructs an evaluation indicators system for railway transportation efficiency from the perspective of input‐output. Secondly, the paper obtains cross‐efficiency matrix by using the cross‐efficiency evaluation method (CE). Then, the study takes the obtained the cross‐efficiency matrix as the decision matrix of multiple criteria decision‐making (MCDM) problem, and applies the relative entropy evaluation method to evaluate the efficiency of railway transportation. Finally, the empirical analysis of the efficiency evaluation results for 18 railway transportation companies shows that, in 2019, Taiyuan Railway Transportation Company has the highest efficiency score, owing probably to a greater coal railway transportation demand and an advanced railway heavy haul transportation technology; railway transportation companies in the Eastern China typically have the highest efficiency scores, owing probably to a greater regional railway transportation demand.

Evaluation of Jining Mining Subsidence Susceptibility Based on Three Multiple-criteria Decision Analysis Methods

This study selected ten condition factors from the perspectives of topography, geological structure, hydrology and human for mining subsidence mapping by two types of models (knowledge-driven model and data-driven model) by taking Jining City, China as an example. The knowledge-driven model is achieved by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the data-driven model is achieved by frequency ratio (FR), combined with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) and entropy evaluation method (EWM). Based on these models, the areas under receiver operating characteristic curve are 0.777, 0.949, and 0.938, which means FR-FCE obtained the highest accuracy. The differences reflected by the three methods are concentrated in Liangshan County and central to northern areas of Weishan County. The best model was proposed for the protection measures and land use management. Finally, the factors system and methods used in this study can be widely applied to the mining subsidence susceptibility evaluation in plain areas.

A novel image quality evaluation method based on two-dimensional information entropy

In image transmission, with the consideration of system parameters, such as bandwidth, transmission delay and power consumption, the image compression coding is often used to reduce the amount of transmitted data. The formation mechanism of block effect in H.264 coding is analyzed. Taking H.264 coding as an example, the spatial domain image enhancement processing is adopted in the paper to obtain the two-dimensional information entropy covering the gray correlation and image edge feature information in adjacent spatial domain. By referring to the two-dimensional information entropy evaluation value of original and coded image, the image quality evaluation result is consistent with PSNR method used in common situations. Compared with the traditional PSNR evaluation method, the two-dimensional information entropy evaluation method only refers to the two-dimensional information entropy evaluation value of the original image, and the amount of data required is very low. Therefor, it is more suitable for the engineering implementation of real-time image quality evaluation in image transmission system. At the same time, with the edge feature information of the image used in the two-dimensional information entropy, the entropy method is closer to the actual feeling of human eyes than PSNR method.

The Coupling Coordination between Digital Economy and Industrial Green High-Quality Development: Spatio-Temporal Characteristics, Differences and Convergence

The coupling coordination between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development has become an inevitable choice to promote economic high-quality development in China. This paper conducts an empirical analysis of the coupling coordination degree between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development via the entropy evaluation method, coupling coordination model, Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition, and β spatial convergence model, based on the spatial data of 31 provinces in China for a time period ranging from 2008 to 2020. The major research findings of this study are as follows: (1) the coupling coordination between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development represents a whole steady-upward trend in China, with large regional differences. (2) There is a gradual decrease in the overall spatial difference of the coupling coordination, with the largest intra-regional difference in the eastern region, and significant inter-regional differences in the east-west, east-northeast, and east-central regions. Moreover, the hypervariable density serves as the major source of the regional differences. (3) There exists β Convergence for coupling coordination degrees of the whole country and the four regions. However, the spatial effects are different in different regions due to different influencing factors. Therefore, sufficient attention should be paid to the dynamic trend, the difference, and the imbalance of the coupling coordination degree between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development. The research is of great significance for accurately implementing policies according to different levels of local resource endowments and economic development, and narrowing the regional differences of the coupling coordination between the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development.

Research on the Evaluation of Coordinated Development of Tourism–Economy–Ecological Environment along the Silk Road Economic Belt

Tourism is currently one of the important development industries in many countries and regions, and a healthy environment is an important basis and carrier for the sustainable development of the tourism economy. Ensuring a harmonious relationship between tourism, the economy, and the environment has become one of the keys to achieving sustainable development of tourism destinations. Based on panel data on tourism, the economy, and the environment from nine provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt from 2015 to 2019, this study has built a comprehensive evaluation index system of the tourism–economy–ecological environment (TEE). The entropy evaluation method, comprehensive evaluation model, and coupling and coordination degree model were used for quantitative analysis of the coordination development level and for assessing the spatial–temporal evolution patterns of coupling coordination for the TEE system in nine provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt. The results show that the value of the TEE system is generally on the rise. Still, the growth rate of tourism and the economy subsystem is significantly higher than that of the environment subsystem. The coupling coordinating the development of the TEE system shows an increasing trend with a high degree of coupling. The coordination degree is relatively low, with significant gradient differences and apparent polarization. The main constraint to the coordinated development of the Silk Road Economic Belt is tourism and the economy.

Emergy analysis-based study of the sustainable development of Kunming’s urban eco-economic system

ABSTRACT We studied Kunming’s urban eco-economic system’s evolution from 2009 to 2018, using the emergy theory and method; with the entropy evaluation method, we analyzed the system’s natural, social and economic subsystems to know its sustainable development capacity. The results show that the system’s emergy structure has clearly improved, and its renewable resources’ emergy has been rationally employed. The environment load ratio, after reaching its peak in 2011, has been decreasing, and the environment stress has becoming lower year by year, as is conducive to sustainable development. Its eco-economic system, however, is highly dependent on the internal resources; its emergy self-sufficiency ratio indicates that it does not see sufficient utilization of imported emergy and feels excessive stress on its internal resources. It witnesses relatively high emergy intensity. The current population is about twice of its renewable resources’ population carrying capacity, and its dramatically growing population is presenting even high pressure on its social subsystems. This indicates that the living standard per capita in Kunming is lower than the national average. All of these factors will hinder the sustainable development of Kunming’s urban eco-economic system. Our analysis of attribute classification shows that it is more appropriate to calculate the tourist revenue by taking into account export emergy. At the same time, the analysis results of sustainable development emergy indexes obtained by ESI, EISD, euehi, euehi’ and entropy method are compared, which shows that the entropy method is able to better reflect the dynamic changes of the sustainable development capacity of its urban eco-economic system because it introduces all indicators of social, economic and natural subsystems for evaluation. In a word, sustainable development capacity represents the outcome of tradeoff and coordination of the three subsystems of society, economy and nature, and we can formulate corresponding strategies based on the above research findings.

(Retracted) Method of defogging unmanned aerial vehicle images based on intelligent manufacturing

Intelligent manufacturing is a major trend in manufacturing innovation around the world, and it is also the main direction and key breakthrough point for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry for a long time now and in the future. Here, we mainly study the role of intelligent manufacturing in defogging unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images and how to analyze UAV image defogging methods based on intelligent manufacturing. In recent years, with the continuous progress of UAV technology, UAV project has also been booming. Aerial photographing is one of the most widely used functions of UAV at present. However, when photographing images in severe weather environment such as haze, it will be affected by the absorption and scattering of light by a variety of different suspended substances in the environment, resulting in poor imaging quality, color distortion, fine pitch blur, and other adverse effects. For this reason, there is a large amount of research on the image haze removal of UAV in China. At present, the mainstream methods are based on non-vision sensor and physical model. However, due to the lack of haze removal effect and severe condition limitation in the practical application of the above methods, we explore an innovative set of automatic estimation haze removal method of atmospheric light based on this method, taking the principle of atmospheric estimation direction as the main research direction, and then through the steps of setting the global transmittance, calculating the atmospheric light amplitude, adjusting the image size, and automatically modifying the image condition threshold value, etc. The man–machine image is haze removal. To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods, we choose standard deviation, information entropy, and objective evaluation method to analyze the results of the three methods. Data analysis shows that among the three haze removal methods, the atmospheric light automatic estimation haze removal method has greatly improved the overall haze removal effect. Compared with the previous two kinds of haze removal imaging in the haze environment, it can better guarantee the color balance degree, and also retain more image information, which makes the imaging clarity have a significant improvement, and the overall effect is more natural. This method has played a very good complementary role to the domestic UAV demisting technology.

Study on the dynamic evolution and synergistic relationship between urbanization and eco-efficiency through the selection of 76 agricultural counties and districts in Liaoning province as research units

Coordination and interaction among urbanization processes, efficient resource utilization, and ecological protection have emerged as key challenges for spatial development and protection of a territory. In this paper, we quantitatively determined the urbanization level and eco-efficiency by utilizing the entropy evaluation method and the SBM model with undesirable outputs, and then employed kernel density estimation, center movement method, and bivariate Moran's I index method to examine the spatial-temporal pattern as well as the interaction between the above two factors. This study provides a new framework for the measurement of urbanization and eco-efficiency and their interaction. The results of the study in the research area demonstrate that: (1) From 2013 to 2017, the urbanization level exhibited a steady increase from 0.2468 to 0.2789, while eco-efficiency depicted an N-shaped development trend before suffering an overall decline from 0.4364 to 0.3117; (2) the low-level units of urbanization level illustrated a strong convergence trend, and each unit possessed low eco-efficiency with weak spatial matching in general; (3) an ambiguous symbiosis exists between the center of gravity of movements of the two factors within each region; and (4) a global positive correlation was found between the urbanization level and eco-efficiency in Liaoning Province. The global Moran's I index first increased and then decreased.

Coupling Coordination Degree of City-Industry Integration in Shanghai Based on Entropy Evaluation Method

With the quality of urbanization getting more attention, city-industry integration has increasingly become a hot topic in academia. This paper is based on the traditional quantitative research of city integration, introducing the measuring model of ternary coupling coordination degree of city-industry integration in Shanghai and highlighting the ecological environment has become an important factor in the process of integration. Through the entropy method and coupling coordination model to measure the integration of Shanghai, a reasonable conclusion was reached within data analyses.

Measurement of Entropy Evaluation Method and Matter-Element Analysis Model

Tourism carrying capacity means the intensity of tourism activities that can be accommodated by urban tourism. In this study, urban tourism carrying capacity is analyzed from five aspects, namely, tourism resources, tourism security, economic base, social environment and ecological capacity. Harbin City’s tourism carrying capacity is measured based on an entropy evaluation method and a matter-element analysis model. In this paper, the five aspects are subdivided, and the entropy method and matter-element analysis model are used to calculate the tourism carrying capacity of Harbin. The calculation results show that from 2010 to 2021, the tourism carrying capacity of Harbin is on the rise. From these indicators, it can be seen that ecological capacity and social environment are the best for tourism carrying capacity development. In terms of tourism resources and tourism security, the preliminary construction effect is obvious, and the tourism carrying capacity increases significantly, but after 2016-2017, there is a significant downward trend. The economic level is growing significantly, and the effect is obvious. It can be seen that the index of economic foundation has been steadily improving and will be at the highest value in five measures in 2021.

A New Micro-Studio Mode in Vocational Skills Teaching

The methods currently applied in engineering vocational skills teaching are mostly boring for students and even disconnected from the development of enterprises. It is often difficult for students to truly master vocational skills under the traditional teaching mode. Firstly, the concept of agile development mode was introduced to put forward a new studio-based microteaching method according to the characteristics of engineering colleges and the requirements of vocational skills teaching. Under the support of informatization, the procedure of implementing new vocational skills teaching was designed as “project selecting—plan making—activity exploration—achievement exchange—activity evaluation”. Then, the information entropy evaluation method was used to divide the new teaching strategy into four steps: determining the classification of groups, designing the chain mechanism of evaluation, judging the consistency of evaluation results, and identifying the chain relationship and the final ranking. The results show that this new teaching mode can improve students’ motivation of learning vocational skills and promote their mastery of vocational skills. Therefore, it is beneficial to popularize this teaching reform idea in the cultivation of vocational skills among students in engineering colleges.

Evaluation of Potential for Nature-Based Recreation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: A Spatial-Temporal Perspective.

Nature-based recreation (NBR) is an important cultural ecosystem service providing human well-being from natural environments. As the most concentrated and high-quality wilderness in China, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has unique advantages for NBR. In this study, we designed an integrated nature-based recreation potential index (INRPI) based on four aspects: nature-based recreation resources, landscape attractiveness, recreation comfort and opportunity, and recreation reception ability. A combination of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy evaluation method was adopted to assess the NBR potential in the QTP from 2000 to 2020. The research shows that: (i) The INRPI for the QTP decreases gradually from southeast to northwest and increases slightly from 2000 to 2020. (ii) The INRPI displays a pronounced difference on either side of the Qilian-Gyirong line. The areas with very high and high potentials mainly distributed in the southeast of the line, while areas with very low and low potentials distributed in the northwest. (iii) The construction of protected areas effectively improves NBR potential. Areas of INRPI at diverse levels within protected areas obviously increased in 2020. (iv) Increasing altitude has a notable effect on INRPI, and 3000 m is a critical dividing line for the NBR in the QTP. These findings can contribute to decision-makers in guiding rational use and spatial planning of natural land and promoting sustainable recreational development.

Multidimensional entropy evaluation of non-uniform distribution of assembly features in precision instruments

The non-uniform distribution of assembly features such as form error and stress has a significant influence on the accuracy and stability of precision instruments. Therefore, to improve assembly precision, non-uniformly distributed assembly features must be evaluated in terms of value non-uniformity as well as location non-uniformity. However, the current effective non-uniformity evaluation methods for assembly features only consider the value non-uniformity without considering the influence of the data location. This study proposes a multidimensional entropy evaluation method (MDEEM) and establishes multidimensional entropy evaluation indexes (MDEEIs) to evaluate the non-uniformity of assembly features in a plane region considering both their value and location. First, the mathematical model and MDEEIs for non-uniform data in a one-dimensional (1D) geometric space were developed and verified, wherein the concept of control distance was introduced and the information entropy theory was adopted. Then, the MDEEIs for non-uniform data in a two-dimensional (2D) geometric space were established and verified based on those in the 1D space. Subsequently, the MDEEM was proposed to demonstrate the non-uniformity evaluation process for assembly features in a 2D plane region. Finally, the proposed MDEEM was applied to reveal the distribution characteristics of two types of assembly features that mainly affect the assembly quality, namely form error and stress. This study provides an evaluation method for the non-uniform distribution of various assembly factors in a plane region and aids in the optimization of precision assembly processes.

Evaluation method of energy efficiency index of smart energy station based on subjective weight and entropy evaluation method

Smart energy station plays the pivotal role of power grid in energy collection, transmission, conversion and utilization due to its characteristics of multi-station integration. In order to accurately evaluate the energy efficiency level of smart energy stations and achieve economic and efficient electricity consumption, an energy efficiency evaluation system suitable for the form of three stations in one is proposed. Firstly, the influencing factors of energy consumption of each station are analyzed, the index system of smart energy stations is established, and the calculation method of each index is given. Secondly, based on the index system of energy efficiency, through the combination of the subjective weighting method and entropy evaluation method to determine the index weight, combined with the score and weight of energy efficiency for smart energy efficiency assessment, based on three different running environment of wisdom energy station simulation comparison, get the efficiency score, verify the feasibility of the assessment method, and gives specific suggestions on saving energy consumption.

The performance of the cutting head of the longitudinal shaft anchor excavation machine based on the fuzzy number and entropy evaluation method

The performance of the cutting head of the longitudinal shaft anchor excavation machine based on the fuzzy number and entropy evaluation method