Entrepreneurship Issues Research Articles

Women founders in a high-tech incubator: negotiating entrepreneurial identity in the Indian socio-cultural context

PurposeThis study aims to understand the socio-cultural context of Indian women's high-tech entrepreneurial experience. Despite a small proportion of women entrepreneurs, and the traditional gender dynamics among the educated middle-classes that appears to be antithetical to female entrepreneurship; women-led high-tech start-ups are on the rise.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were conducted with women founders at an academic incubator in an elite Indian Institute of Technology. The study was based on the post-structural feminist approach that women entrepreneurs are embedded in their socio-cultural and institutional context. During data collection, the Coronavirus lockdown provided a natural experiment, highlighting entrepreneurial response to unforeseen obstacles.FindingsIt finds that the context is significant in constructing opportunity, and in navigating challenges of gender and entrepreneurship. Further, in the process of construction of an entrepreneurial identity, women innovators not only reproduce, but also modify their context. Also, the experiences with academic incubator indicate positive results both for gender dynamics and enhancing an emergent entrepreneurial culture.Practical implicationsThe study highlights that women's high-tech entrepreneurship has considerable potential for enhancing women's status in society through the support of academic incubator. This has certain implications for policy.Originality/valueIt provides an insight in to the hitherto neglected issue of women's high-tech entrepreneurship in India, and argues that a study of “social embeddedness” not only highlights constraints for women entrepreneurs unique to that context, but also the potential of women's entrepreneurship in advancing women's agency and gender equality.

The Principle of Effective and Efficient Restructuring and the Future of the Nigerian Nation: The Role of Social Science Education

This study on ‘The Principle of Effective and Efficient Restructuring and the Future of the Nigerian Nation: The Role of Social Science Education’ examines critically the meaning of Restructuring and effective restructuring defining restructuring as a concept which connotes the act of re-organizing, re-arranging, re-planning all the existing institutions and structures in the society while effective and efficient restructuring is one which encapsulate Economic, Political, Social, Cultural Educational, Health structures and institutions of any nation for a possible new and better result for renewed development of man and his environment. The various types of restructuring in our society were outlined and briefly explained with particular emphasis and restricted attention given to Economic Restructuring. The role of Social Science Education in achieving all round restructuring projects for all round national development and sustained unity is holistically discussed. The issue of entrepreneurship is also highlighted as a positive step towards attaining Economic Restructuring. The paper concludes by asserting that functional and effective Entrepreneurship Education in a nation is a panacea for a sustained restructured economy and recommendations on how to better the process of all inclusive Economic Restructuring was proffered.
 Keywords: Restructuring, Economic Restructuring, Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Education

A Phenomenological Study of Beautypreneurs, Theirs Financial Competence Journey

This study aimed to explain the issues of entrepreneurship and financial competence that exist in Beautypreneurs. This research chooses the qualitative approach using a phenomenological study, which involves in-depth interviews with six Beautypreneurs who are active in building businesses and developing their financial competencies. This phenomenological study is developed based on four main categories, namely are 1. Socio-economic problems, 2. work-life balance, 3. financial knowledge, 4. self-improvement. This study suggests that, firstly, Beautypreneurs have a discursive learning pattern when developing their financial competencies. The second thing, this study found that the personal resilience they try to build based on the cognitive deepening process obtained from the crisis, so these Beautypereneurs needed high mentoring by the mentor who understood the Financial knowledge. Third, they see investation as the best way to develop their financial literacy

Factors Affecting the Entrepreneurial Supply Chain in Disasters in Iran From the Perspective of Experts

Background: Supply chain includes all related parts that directly or indirectly meet the customers’ demands. During disasters, the supply chain disrupts. It seems that paying attention to innovation and entrepreneurship can solve some of these disruptions. This study was conducted to extract the factors affecting the technology-oriented entrepreneurial rescue supply chain in the Red Crescent Society from experts and specialists in Iran. Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis was conducted in 2020. Using the content analysis method, the considered criteria were collected through open-ended questions and interviews. To determine the desired indicators, 30 people were interviewed in-depth in a purposeful manner using snowball sampling. The thematic analysis method was also used to analyze the interviews. Results: A total of 30 experts with a mean age of 46 years were interviewed, of whom 21 cases were male. Also, 16 cases had a PhD degree, and 14 had a Master’s degree. After analyzing and extracting the criteria from the interviews, 123 codes were obtained. Finally, the codes were divided into two classes: supply chain management and technology indicators. The supply chain management class included subclasses of customer integration, supplier integration, internal integration, and innovative orientation. The technology indicators class included subclasses of individual characteristics, attitudinal factors, educational factors, technical factors, economic factors, environmental factors, and human and managerial factors. Conclusion: Supply chains are essential for entrepreneurship because of the involvement of different parts of the Red Crescent Organization of Iran in joint activities. Because of the expansion of entrepreneurship issues in the supply chain, presenting a technology-oriented comprehensive model of the entrepreneurial supply chain in the Red Crescent Organization is of great importance. In today’s competitive environment, supply chain management is a strategic and robust basis for the Red Crescent Organization to achieve success and competitive advantage.

The issue of entrepreneurship as a political gimmick or sustainability? (A study on 2019 presidential election campaign)

Entrepreneurship for sustainable development is a multilevel phenomenon connecting social, environmental, and economic dimensions between entrepreneurial processes, market transformations. Sandiaga viewed entrepreneurship as an opportunity to draw voters’ sympathy through his social media narration during the 2019 Presidential Election. The present study aimed to explore the form of Uno’s entrepreneurship narration in Instagram related to SDGs and identify the narration that influenced young people during the campaign period. The thematic content analysis, was applied. This study’s data was the documentation of the narrative posts presented in the @sandiuno Instagram account during the campaign period starting from 23 September - 14 April 2019. Of all the posts on that date will be selected from the highest number of comments, after being listed, the unit of analysis in this study is March 18 - April 13, 2019. The study’s findings revealed that Uno’s narration focused on building hopes and motivation to draw millennial’s interest in entrepreneurship. Unfortunately, the narrated entrepreneurship does not depict a holistic description of the entrepreneurship process. It ignored the supporting elements of entrepreneurship, such as capital, market strategy, and strategy to survive the competition. Besides, it neglects the potential risk and does not highlight the sustainability of entrepreneurship.

КОНКУРЕНЦИЯ КАК СОЦИАЛЬНЫЙ ФЕНОМЕН

Issues of democracy and entrepreneurship are closely linked to competition. Competition determines the effectiveness of all public institutions more than anyone else. In its absence, there can be no question of progressive human movement, which is why competition is considered an enduring value. The article presents the positive and negative aspects of the influence of competition on a person. The authors of this paper try to synthesize functional and behavioral approaches to competition. On the example of the works of CH.Darwin and P. Kropotkin show the manifestation of competition in living and social systems. As a result, we consider its two main varieties: biological and social. The novelty of the work is to identify specific ways to influence competition on a person and ways to improve competitive skills. The research methods in this article are: source analysis, systematization and generalization. The authors come to the conclusion that competition is not about winning, but about the result and promotion of a person in their business. The ways of competition that lead to the progress of the individual and society as a whole, as well as the development of the individual, are outlined. Competition is an important component of modernization, progress and acceleration of the development of society in all its spheres.

SUSTAINABLE ENTREPRENEURSHIP: AN APPROACH FROM BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

Researchs on issues of Sustainable Entrepreneurship are gaining traction in recent years, with this trend being aligned to the achievement of sustainable development goals set by the UN in 2030. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a bibliometric analysis on research on the subject of sustainable entrepreneurship. The information gathered is extracted from the main collection of the Web of Science (WoS) database since 1999 up to December 2019. Nvivo and VOSviwer software are used to perform initial analysis and citation analysis, co-citations, bibliographic coupling, coauthoring, among others. This study presents advances associated with the main authors, journals and countries, the general and annual citation structure and the development of this field. The results show that the publication trend increases from 2015 onwards, however 2018 and 2019 have seen the greatest production of articles. In relation to the most influential countries, the Netherlands, the United States, Germany, England and Spain are the most representative. It was also found that the most influential journals are the Journal of Cleaner Production and Sustainability. The main contribution is to show the evolution of this topic, so that researchers can use it in their theoretical frameworks and research.

Sustainable development entrepreneurship formation: system-integrated management tools

Entrepreneurship ensures the development of both the national economy and the population’s, well-being so it embodies a necessary process and factor for ensuring sustainable development. In the long run, sustainability is impossible without development and the entrepreneurship as one of its main stakeholders plays a triple role, acting at the same time as a significant factor, part of the economic component and a mechanism ensuring the sustainable development. The article examines issues of sustainable development entrepreneurship; considered is the substantial characteristics of management tools for system-integrated sustainable development entrepreneurship management, thus offering a system of digital tools services for sustainable development entrepreneurship digital platform and model for sustainable development entrepreneurship. The theoretical and methodological approaches to business development management proposed are designated to provide management focusing on sustainable development, system-integrated nature, anticipatory influence, use of rapidly growing digital capabilities, therefore forming an innovative basis for management and its object development. Its components are: a system of digital tools, a model of socially responsible business ideas and business projects selection; business models for sustainable development entrepreneurship. The study results are of essential practical importance for the process of one’s own business conducting with the use the rapidly growing opportunities opening.

The Responsibility to Protect: Locating Norm Entrepreneurship

AbstractAs part of the roundtable “The Responsibility to Protect in a Changing World Order: Twenty Years since Its Inception,” this essay examines the issue of norm entrepreneurship as it has been used in conjunction with the Responsibility to Protect (RtoP), twenty years after the emergence of The Responsibility to Protect report produced by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS). It examines norm entrepreneurs with enough drive, motivation, and resources to keep RtoP on the international agenda in a changing world order, after Western middle powers, such as Canada and some European Union member states, had previously acted as indispensable norm entrepreneurs. An examination of both Western and non-Western entrepreneurship efforts to date reveals three key observations. First, RtoP champions are now facing additional challenges in today's transitional global order, where nationalistic foreign policy agendas are replacing liberal agendas, such as RtoP. Second, the drive and adaptability of non-Western norm entrepreneurs with regional ambitions mean that small states can emerge as rather-unexpected RtoP champions. Third, giving non-Western states a visible regional or international platform allows them to display leadership in reframing prevention under the RtoP framework. The last two observations point to the increasing role of non-Western states in global governance and in the promotion of prevention measures to protect the most vulnerable, which in turn increases the legitimacy of the RtoP norm itself.

Специфика развития технологического предпринимательства: анализ зарубежных практик

In economic science, the importance of researching technological entrepreneurship, its contribution to the economic development of the territory, is increasing. According to the statistics of the international indexed databases Scopus and WOS, the publication activity of researchers studying the issues of technology entrepreneurship in the economic direction increased by 111.5% and 122%, respectively. Thus, the issue of studying the specifics of the development of technological entrepreneurship is relevant. At the same time, the study of the experience of foreign countries, where significant attention is paid to the development of technological entrepreneurship, both at the state level and in the commercial sector, is of particular importance for domestic practice.
 The purpose of the study is to prove, based on the study of foreign experience, the prospects for the development of technological entrepreneurship as a tool for accelerated economic growth and a way to attract investment for the development of a territory.
 The article examines foreign experience in the development of technological entrepreneurship. The analysis of foreign cases of technological entrepreneurship development is presented. On the basis of the analysis, the directions of technological entrepreneurship in foreign countries are systematized. Successful cases of technological entrepreneurship have been researched and systematized. The main characteristics of technology entrepreneurship abroad are identified based on the consideration of specific practical cases, which is especially important from the point of view of evidence of the effectiveness of this tool in managing the development of technological entrepreneurship.
 The research materials will be useful for scientists and specialists to study the experience of foreign and cases on technological entrepreneurship, and can also be used by government and administrative bodies at the federal and regional levels in the development of target-oriented documents in the field of SME development and management of socio-economic development in general.

ІННОВАЦІЙНЕ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВО ЯК НАПРЯМОК РОЗВИТКУ СУЧАСНОГО ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

UDC 658.5+338.1; JEL Classification: M13:M21:O32 Purpose: The proposed article will consider the important role of the architecture of the innovative space of entrepreneurial activity as an important component of modern enterprise innovative development. With the transition of society to the next stage of technology development and economic conditions, the company must develop the latest adaptive approaches to adapting its own business to today's requirements. Methodology of Research Dialectical cognition method are used for flexible, critical and consistent consideration of theoretical issues of innovation and entrepreneurship; abstraction method are used for separating from the minor features of the studied issues, with a parallel selection of those properties that are essential for the proposed study; theoretical generalization and generally logical techniques of cognition are used for considering the available scientific information on this issue. Findings: The main task in managing the architecture of the innovation space of the enterprise is the synchronization of all elements with each other. At the same time, one of the key tasks is the relationship between the overall business architecture of the enterprise and the architecture of the innovation space. In the framework of this article the important role of the architecture of the innovative space of entrepreneurial activity as an important component of the innovative development of a modern enterprise is considered. Originality: as a scientific novelty the construction of architecture of innovation space as a component of innovative activity of the enterprise is offered; systematized subsystems of innovation space. In addition, as a scientific novelty is a proposal to consider the process of creating an architecture of innovative space of the enterprise through its distribution by stages of the life cycle. Practical value of the study results is that the improved aspects of the theory of innovation will allow to adapt the activities of the enterprise to implement innovations to external conditions. With a well-constructed architecture of the innovation space, the company will be able to define more clearly the business processes associated with innovation projects. This architecture helps to synchronize the innovative elements with each other and link them to the overall structure of the enterprise. At the same time, one of the key tasks is the relationship between the overall business architecture of the enterprise and the architecture of the innovation space on the one hand through documentation, improvement and standardization of business processes, and on the other – through the description of elements of innovation architecture at the logical level, communication with business processes of the enterprise, etc.

Entrepreneurship and women’s economic empowerment in Zimbabwe: Research themes and future research perspectives

This article explores women’s entrepreneurship research conducted in Zimbabwe. For this purpose, a literature review approach was adopted where all journal articles published between 1990 and 2018 that addressed the issues of women entrepreneurship in Zimbabwe were searched and analysed. The articles were searched on Google Scholar using the following keywords: women entrepreneurs, women small business owners, women in informal sector and Zimbabwe. In total, 11 articles were retrieved, indicating a dearth of research studies on women entrepreneurship, particularly from the formal sector perspective, giving a glimpse of the entrepreneurship landscape in Zimbabwe. The content analysis of the selected articles resulted in the identification of eight themes: (1) feminism perspective, (2) informal sector trading, (3) motivations for entrepreneurship, (4) entrepreneurship characteristics, (5) obstacles in entrepreneurship, (6) socio-cultural challenges, (7) cross-border trading and (8) coping strategies within the context of women entrepreneurship in Zimbabwe. Discussions on these themes were situated within the broader literature and trends on existing women entrepreneurship literature. The study has implications at a practical and theoretical level. Supporting women entrepreneurship has positive effects on poverty reduction in agreement with the Sustainable Development Goals, and this study suggests women’s empowerment to operate at higher echelons of the business sector with bespoke support mechanism that fosters sustainable development. Also, the study proposed suggestions for future research on women entrepreneurship in Zimbabwe and other African countries.

기업가정신과 사회적이슈(코로나19)가 창업기회인식에 미치는 영향 연구: 디지털 리터러시의 매개효과

[연구목적] 본 연구는 지난 몇 개월간 전 세계적으로 광범위하게 확산되는 코로나 바이러스 감염사태가 기업가정신과 함께 창업기회인식에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 검증하고자 하였다. 또한 비대면 문화의 확산으로 디지털 전환이 급격히 진행되면서 중장년층 직장인의 디지털 리터러시(digital literacy)가 사회적이슈(코로나19), 기업가정신과 창업기회인식 간에 어떠한 영향관계를 미치는지 확인하고자 하였다.BR[연구방법] 이를 위해 부산․경남지역 소재 중장년층 직장인을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 수집된 자료에 대해 신뢰성과 타당성을 검토하고 다중회귀분석과 매개회귀분석을 통해 가설을 검증하였다.BR[연구결과] 기업가정신은 디지털 리터러시와 창업기회인식에 부분적으로 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 사회적이슈(코로나19)는 디지털 리터러시와 창업기회인식에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 디지털 리터러시가 높은 사람들은 코로나19라는 사회적이슈를 위기로 인식하고 움츠려들기 보다는, 사회적 거리두기로 인한 디지털 전환을 새로운 창업의 기회로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다.BR[연구의 시사점] 언택트 사회가 뉴 노멀로 자리 잡을 것으로 예상됨에 따라 기업가정신과 디지털 리터러시가 새로운 비즈니스 기회 발굴에 중요한 요인으로 부상하고 있다. 본 연구 결과는 잠재적 창업가인 중장년 직장인들이 위기 속에서 기회를 탐색할 수 있는 기회탐색 역랑을 강화하기 위해 디지털 리터러시와 기업가정신에 대한 실질적인 교육의 필요성과 이에 따른 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.

The interconnection between entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: a bibliometric analysis

This study uses a bibliometric approach to analyze how the scientific production of entrepreneurship and the theoretical approach of the dynamic capabilities is corelated. With a sample of 701 studies from the Web of Science database we identified 88 articles concentrated in four different journals, pointing the most productive authors, the most cited references and clusters of keywords mainly related to entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities. The results demonstrates that entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities are two research streams that still need to have their relationships better explored, since the bibliometric maps demonstrated that most studies appear to have a main focus on dynamic capabilities but only addressing entrepreneurship related either to the entrepreneur itself, or to its entrepreneurial orientation, not exploring other important entrepreneurship issues. This work contributes theoretically by addressing a relationship still underexplored at the academy, thus encouraging future studies on the theme.

MODEL SINERGI KELEMBAGAAN DALAM PENINGKATAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN MAHASISWA DI UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA

The existence of Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) in the Indonesian economy has a big role and potential in developing the national and sectoral economy absorbing a large number of workers. The development of UKM in the university environment is one of the responsibilities of the university and is a necessity to involve universities as a driving force for the emergence of young entrepreneurs in the campus environment. The Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatra has formed a special institution that deals with student entrepreneurship issues, namely PUSKIIBI (Center for Entrepreneurship Innovation and Business Incubator). The research was conducted using the independent interview method, collecting institutional documents and institutional policies, and information related to student activities. From the data set and information, the formulation is carried out. Model of Institutional Synergy in Student Entrepreneurship Development at UMSU. This study aims to determine what institutions and the involvement of these institutions in supporting the progress of entrepreneurship in umsu and to create a model of institutional synergy that directly or indirectly synergizes with Puskiibi. From the research results obtained 1) the role of puskiibi as incubator is, access to community and business networking, support from experienced mentors, validation of ideas, infrastructure assistance, access to investors. 2) Related institutions that support the success of student entrepreneurship are SRCC, Study Programs in UMSU, LP2M, Halal Studies Center, and Haki Center. 3) The synergy model that must be developed is the recruitment of start-up candidates obtained from PKM-K participating students who have been netted by SRCC, student essays with downstream potential and student entrepreneurship independent campus participants obtained from Prodi, research lecturers with industrial potential from LP2M and alumni who come to register directly at PUSKIIBI. Furthermore, PUSKIIBI provides assistance, the certificate is only in synergy with the UMSU Halal Study Center and for the management of Trademarks and Patents through the UMSU HAKI Center.

“Developing human capitals in today's entrepreneurs: a practitioner perspective”

PurposeThe main objective of this exploratory study is to analyze the range of human capitals necessary for the modern entrepreneur and the nature of the barriers to effectively support the development of these capitals. Human capital is one of the three dimensions of intellectual capital and this document examines the role of education and training for entrepreneurial success.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on a broad review of the main contributions to research and practice in the field of intellectual capital and entrepreneurship issues, we conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured in-depth interviews on a sample of 10 professionals expert in business support. They represent a cross section of the main corporate agencies in Scotland. In addition, an interview guide was used to ensure that some questions, or “key questions”, were asked to all participants, also allowing for the flexibility to obtain updated information.FindingsThe interviews identified 21 key human capitals needed by today's entrepreneurs. However, the study also identifies the existence of obstacles to providing effective support for the development of human capital in the entrepreneur in terms of attention, process and resources.Research limitations/implicationsResearch limitations–The study is based on data collected by a sample of 10 professionals, according to a qualitative approach that focuses on a specific social field and therefore the results cannot be immediately generalized to other fields.Practical implicationsPractical implications–The study identifies the key human capital needed to run a successful company, directing the professional to direct support interventions more effectively in order to increase productivity and improve success rates for its customers.Social implicationsThe value the long-term benefits of even a marginal increase in the efficiency of enterprise support to business through targeted entrepreneurial learning cannot be overstated.Originality/valueThere is a lack of empirical data linking the development of human capital and entrepreneurship. This work has resonance for providers of enterprise support seeking to remain relevant to the entrepreneurial development needs of the entrepreneur.

Female Entrepreneurship in Business Artisanal SMEs

Neuroeconomics research helps explaining phenomena and key questions surrounding good decision-making within the realm of entrepreneurship studies. It applies qualitative methodology, using a modified Delphi method, to integrate neuroeconomics. This study explains the factors that influence the decision-making of female entrepreneurs drawn from female founders of artisanal SMEs in Mexico. Results show that neuroeconomics adds valuable insights to explaining issues of female entrepreneurship. The results deviate from the predictive or behavioural bias of decision-making models in standard economic theory. The practical implications of this study are that it adds expert opinion into the debate on neuroeconomics in relation to female entrepreneurship.

Academic Entrepreneurship in the Development Strategies of Polish Universities

This article addresses the issue of academic entrepreneurship, broadly understood as: (1) the process of establishing companies, (2) university entrepreneurship, (3) development of educational programs and entrepreneurial attitudes among students and academics, (4) creating institutions and programs that support setting up of companies, (5) intellectual property management and (6) entrepreneurial university management (Banerski et al., 2009). The goal is to examine the presence of academic entrepreneurship in the development strategies of eighteen Polish public universities. This study uses the content analysis method and is a part of strategic research. To answer the research question, the universities’ development strategies were analysed and in particular mission statements, strategic and operational goals, activities/tasks. Based on the research, it can be concluded that university authorities do not perceive academic entrepreneurship as a goal of the utmost importance and only to a small extent see the need to develop this concept by taking it into account in development strategies.

A theoretical contribution from the perspective of innovation process in wine tourism contexts

The innovation process, and its application to tourism, has been gradually gaining ground in the academic community as a field of study. Similarly, in recent decades, tourism has received greater attention from researchers in various sciences, varying only by the different emphases considered: economic, social, cultural and environmental. This increased attention must be welcomed, as innovation research represents a meaningful and valuable way of understanding the economic dynamics of the tourism industry, and deeper insights will be helpful for the industry and policy makers alike. The purpose of this article is to identify literature on special interest tourism innovation, in particular from the perspective of wine tourism. In order to structure the sometimes unclear use of the innovation process (in tourism research), the article will present closely to primary classical innovation and entrepreneurship issues. This is a conceptual perspective that brings together the major components of innovation process and its implications in special interest tourism perspective We also consider some of the implications for management, as well as suggestions for future lines of research. This article concludes by drawing attention to the challenging research needs.

THE EVOLUTION PROCESS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP STUDIES IN THE 21ST CENTURY: RESEARCH INSIGHTS FROM TOP BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS JOURNALS

AbstractThe present study involves a literature survey of 1710 entrepreneurship papers published in 28 top business and economics journals in 12 research disciplines. This paper finds that despite increased recognition of the importance of entrepreneurship, the research literature on entrepreneurship remains fragmented. Studies of entrepreneurship processes have been the dominant theme, but new issues of entrepreneurship are emerging. Based on the entrepreneurship reviewed, this paper summarizes potential research directions.