Entire Journey Research Articles

Predicting transit mode choice of New Jersey workers commuting to New York City from a stated preference survey

This study examines transit mode choice preferences of New Jersey commuters traveling to New York City (NYC) with the objective of assisting trans-Hudson ferry service planning on the basis of variables significantly affecting mode choice. A stated preference survey was conducted to collect data from a total of 2134 respondents who commute from northern New Jersey to NYC. A mixed multinomial logit model (MMLM) with random coefficients was used to analyze the data. The study considered the choice between four transit modes—ferry, PATH train, bus, and commuter rail—all of which can be used to cross the Hudson River to travel from New Jersey to NYC. Essential model results are presented for all four modes, but detailed results are discussed for only the ferry, PATH, and bus modes. Model results indicate that commuters' choices are affected not only by travel time and cost for the segment of the journey that crosses the Hudson River, but also reliability and comfort during that segment, number of access modes required by the journey, and travel time and cost of trips from home to stations/terminals before crossing the river. The results also show that commuters' attachment to the modes they currently use serves as a barrier to switching to other modes. The most important takeaway from this research for transit service planning is that there is a need to consider the attributes of both individual trip segments as well as entire journeys between commuters' home and work when exploring changes to transit service characteristics.

The tourist experience in the digital era: the case of Italian millennials

Purpose of the paper: The digital revolution is producing several economic and societal changes. The tourism sector, which is characterized by products with high information content and intangible value, is one of the main industries involved in these changes on both the supply side and the demand side. This paper examines how digital technologies impact tourists’ consumption experiences throughout the entire customer travel journey (planning, booking, experiencing, and sharing), with a special focus on millennials. Methodology: On an empirical level, this research study aimed to describe the tourism-related buying and consumption behaviors of a sample of approximately 700 Italian consumers. Results: The results of this empirical study highlighted that new technologies are used in all stages of the digital customer journey. Most of the respondents were experts in travel planning through digital technologies. The smartphone is mainly used by younger millennials, while the computer is mainly used by older millennials. With respect to social media, millennials prefer Instagram and Facebook for sharing content during and after trips. Research limitations: This research study focused on the center of Italy, and the sample was not representative. Another limitation of this study was that the sample was made up of students, who do not have secure jobs and mainly depend on their parents’ incomes. Practical implications: The practical implications that emerged from this study specifically related to attracting and retaining tourists and increasing their overall customer experience. Originality of the paper: This study contributes to deepen the knowledge of millennials’ behaviors as tourists

How Exceptional? Welcoming Refugees the Canadian Way

ABSTRACT During the global attempt to respond to the exodus of Syrians into neighboring countries and beyond, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) praised Canada for its intention to resettle 25,000 refugees. Even as many Canadians—and their government—were feeling proud of themselves, others responded with discomfort at the accolades being heaped upon Canada, worrying that they were undeserved. This article is an attempt to assess whether Canada’s contribution to global refugee justice deserves accolades or criticism. Canada’s central contribution to global refugee justice has been to resettle refugees; I argue that, compared to other resettling states, Canada does well with respect to admitting refugees for resettlement and with respect to the quality of its resettlement. This contribution is small, however, compared to the overwhelming need, not only for resettlement, but also for additional support for refugees throughout their entire journey. Canada’s overall contribution to global refugee justice, then, is not exceptional.

Thirty Years Later (Personal)

The article outlines the making of Ukraine’s diplomatic service as seen by a person who was directly involved in the process as well as the entire arduous journey during which a new generation of Ukrainian diplomats was born. The author recounts his trips abroad and the way they influenced the future of the Ukrainian state in the world arena along with meetings with brilliant young diplomats and anti-Ukrainian KGBeasts. The article also contains his stance with regard to the steps taken by the first presidents, which had an impact on the role and future lot of Ukraine in the context of the world community. Mention is made of the organisational stage in the formation of Ukrainian diplomacy, search for specialists to be employed at the MFA, as well as challenges that confronted the already independent and sovereign Ukraine. Keywords: Ukraine, diplomats, independence, MFA, KGB, international relations, nuclear weapons.

Using the customer journey to optimise the marketing technology stack

This paper discusses how to evaluate marketing technology (martech) software in the context of the customer journey. It describes the technologies that are used to engage the customer at each stage of the customer journey, beginning with search engine optimisation to enable the inbound engagement that brings customers to a website and informs them about the available products or services. The paper describes the different characteristics of the customer journey, such as the fact that it traverses multiple departments and requires support from many organisational processes and structures. The paper concludes that in order to develop an appropriate martech software stack, it is essential to take a holistic view of the customer journey and the technologies used to support it. This paper provides a detailed analysis of an engagement strategy that spans the entire customer journey and identifies the technologies that are used for each stage, from search to purchase, order fulfilment, use of the product, and support. As implementing a full complement of solutions is not always possible, this paper provides guidance on how to prioritise the selection of enabling software, to guide the investment strategy by identifying those technologies that offer the greatest value to the organisation.

Donbas in Family Photo Albums: Interview with Vadim Lurie

Donbas in Family Photo Albums:Interview with Vadim Lurie Victoria Donovan (bio) and Iryna Sklokina (bio) Vadim Lurie is a photographer and visual anthropologist from St. Petersburg, Russia. He has exhibited his photographs in Russia and Ukraine. His work has explored the visuality of protest activity in Moscow and St. Petersburg since 2012. He is also a collector of family photo archives, now working on a database consisting of nearly 50,000 pictures taken throughout the 20th century in different locations of the USSR and the post-Soviet area. The foundational collection of this database are the photo archives of residents of the Donbas region in Ukraine, where Lurie conducted three expeditions with local art activists after 2014. VL: My trips to Donbas were a sort of continuation of the conversations I'd started with Ukrainian friends and colleagues, begun in Kyiv mostly. I found myself on the Maidan in March 2014, when the conflict in Donbas was in its early days. I started talking to internally displaced people who had left either because of the shooting and military actions, or because they feared for their own lives because they were activists. Not necessarily political activists, but, for example, art activists, who have their own position on things. Their world had obviously just fallen apart. So, the project connected with photography grew out of my friends' efforts and my discussion with them about somehow reconstructing this world. Well, if not reconstructing it, at least showing somehow what kind of world it was. When I talked to people in Kyiv, very often I heard the following story: I managed to leave Donetsk or Luhansk or some other place and took only a family photo album with me. Or instead—I didn't manage to take a photo album with me, I left it in my parents' apartment and was only able to take my passport and other documents. So, when Kateryna Siryk [art curator, "Plus/Minus" art residency in Sievierodonetsk] and I began to think about what specifically can be done in order to represent this region, we came up with the idea to visit people and take a look at their photo archives. This is how the project "Donbas Family Photo Archive" was created. Its goals were to find a balance between the global and the local, the private and the public, the identification of visual subjects that are specific to Donbas; an attempt to determine what comprises the visual memory of the families living in one small region. [End Page 153] During the first expedition of this kind in 2018 I went to Donbas. There were altogether three expeditions. In the government-controlled Luhansk region (Sievierodonetsk, Rubizhne, Lysychansk) and a couple of small towns nearby (Zolote, Stanytsia Luhanska, and Shchastia). There was the third person in our team—Oleksiy Khodyko, I am very grateful to him for his support. He is native to the region. He was born in a suburb of Sievierodonetsk. He knew the local reality very well, and he knew lots of people. It was mostly down to him, particularly on the first expedition, that we were able to establish this network of contacts. Over the course of the three expeditions, 50 archives were digitized (in total, just over 14,000 files). My task as compiler was to make copies of everything, including poor quality photos. After processing and deleting some repeats, all files were entered into a specialized database in which they were tagged. I catalogued them according to subjects, stories, and content. The family archives are of different sizes: ranging from a little over two dozen to 700 pictures. Most of the photos date back to the 1960–80s—the golden age of amateur photography. However, it should be noted that the digitized archives represent the entirety of the 20th century; among them there are prerevolutionary portraits and photos taken before the mid-1990s. Family archives reflect the entire life journey of a person: birth registration; portraits of parents with their child; first haircuts; kindergarten holidays; school photos; high school graduation; student photos or (boys') photos from the army (often formatted into demob albums, dembelskii al´bom); weddings; funeral photos. Click for larger view...

Advancing medical technology innovation and clinical translation via a model of industry-enabled technical and educational support: Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute's Medical Technology Advance Program.

The success rate for translation of newly engineered medical technologies into clinical practice is low. Traversing the "translational valleys of death" requires a high level of knowledge of the complex landscape of technical, ethical, regulatory, and commercialization challenges along a multi-agency path of approvals. The Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute developed a program targeted at increasing that success rate through comprehensive training, education, and resourcing. The Medical Technology Advance Program (MTAP) provides technical, educational, and consultative assistance to investigators that leverages partnerships with experts in the health products industry to speed progress toward clinical implementation. The training, resourcing, and guidance are integrated through the entire journey of medical technology translation. Investigators are supported through a set of courses that cover bioethics, ethical engineering, preclinical and clinical study design, regulatory submissions, entrepreneurship, and commercialization. In addition to the integrated technical and educational resources, program experts provide direct consultation for planning each phase along the life cycle of translation. Since 2008, nearly 200 investigators have gained assistance from MTAP resulting in over 100 publications and patents. This support via medicine-engineering-industry partnership provides a unique and novel opportunity to expedite new medical technologies into clinical and product implementation.

Deep Learning-Based Energy Management of an All-Electric City Bus With Wireless Power Transfer

Fuel cell-based hybrid electric vehicles are one of the most promising options to achieve zero-emission city buses. Efficient Energy Management (EM) plays a critical role to make such buses more efficient and practical. In this research, an available all-electric bus consisting of fuel cell (FC) and battery is considered and the efficiency of adding a Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) system to it is assessed. The proposed WPT system is only capable to receive energy in bus stations and use it to supply loads or charge the battery. To this end, the actual data of a city bus, its route and load profile were collected and utilized to ensure a realistic assessment. A full mathematical model of the energy system as well as the constraints governing the management issue is extracted and a Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) method is used to optimally manage the energy flows for the entire journey. All models are implemented in MATLAB software and the efficiency of the proposed system is investigated from economic and technical aspects. The results illustrate a high efficiency for the proposed WPT technique to be used in actual all-electric city buses.

Tracking and collision avoidance of virtual coupling train control system

“Wash hands frequently, reduce aggregation, and wear masks” is an important measure for the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic. Rail transit is the basic means of transportation to ensure the daily travel of citizens. Carriages and stations are both densely populated places. Reducing the density of carriages and platforms is an urgent problem for rail transit operations in the epidemic. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for dynamic marshalling of trains based on virtual coupling in a major epidemic situation, describes in detail the operation mode of virtual coupling trains, and establishes a marshalling planning model based on passenger flow to optimize the scheduling of virtual coupling trains to reduce passenger density at stations. Then, combined with the virus infection probability model and social force-based passenger movement model, the infection risk of the entire process of passenger subway travel under virtual coupling was analyzed. After that, Matlab was used to simulate the infection analysis under the virtual coupling system and compare it with the traditional communication based train control system. The risk of infection during the entire journey of a passenger on the subway is less than that of CBTC. Finally, according to the results of simulation analysis, effective measures can be given that can be used in conjunction with virtual coupling to reduce the risk of infection.

Investigating the complexity of perceived service quality and perceived safety and security in building loyalty among bus passengers in Vietnam – A PLS-SEM approach

Previous studies have explored the effect of public transport (PT) passengers’ service quality perceptions, personal safety perceptions on loyalty intention. However, they have not yet studied the multidimensionality of these constructs, nor applied a hierarchical-component model evaluation approach for testing their measurements. In this study, an integrated model has been developed in the context of bus services within a developing country. Specifically, perceived safety and security is measured for the entire PT journey and operationalised as a formative second-order construct derived from three reflective dimensions: perceived safety and security during access/egress, at bus stops and on board. Similarly, the four dimensions of tangibility, convenience, personnel and reliability together form perceived service quality. Additionally, the moderating effect of gender in the cultivation of passenger loyalty is also examined in this study. Data collected from 870 bus passengers in two Vietnamese cities is used to validate the proposed model. Using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), the findings indicate that perceived service quality, perceived safety/security, image and satisfaction have significant positive influences on passenger loyalty towards bus services. Female passengers are also found to be significantly more loyal than their male counterparts when having a higher level of safety and security perception. Based on the findings, authorities and policymakers can develop safer, more sustainable PT systems and design more effective strategies to increase the loyalty of passengers.

Comparative analysis of the energy consumption of cars with different power plants

A comparative analysis of the energy costs of cars with different power plants is carried out. The main advantages and disadvantages of comparable vehicles are considered. Problem. To date, economic and social problems remain global in Ukraine. Air pollution by harmful substances is a very serious concern not only for environmentalists, but for the whole of humanity. The significant drawbacks of a conventional internal combustion engine, namely, exhaust emissions, reduced oil and gas reserves, the constant rise in the cost of motor fuel, are forcing vehicle manufacturers to actively pursue alternative clean energy sources. Goal. The purpose of this work is to perform a comparative analysis of the energy performance of cars with different power units. To achieve this goal it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to consider the energy consumption figures of cars with different power units and compare them; to reveal the main advantages and disadvantages of cars with different drive type. Results. The analysis of publications shows that the use of environmentally friendly car is a modern and promising direction for the development of road transport. The most competitive and effective circuit solution for the construction of such a car today is the use of a hybrid power plant and electric drive. This article provides a comparative analysis of the energy performance of cars with different power units. According to the analysis, the most efficient in terms of energy consumption is the Nissan Leaf electric car – 105 kWh, but when using this car over long distances, it reduces its average operating speed due to downtime at charging stations. The Toyota Corolla, with its traditional gasoline engine, has the highest energy consumption rating of the entire journey – 450 kWh. The Toyota Prius hybrid car has a clear advantage over these cars when used over a long distance of 500 km of energy – 160 kWh, he also has the largest range of 1300 km at one gas station and overcomes this path in 21,6 hours.

Emerging technologies enabling the digital transformation of motor insurance in India

Objectives: The research study finds out the impact of emerging technologies on the motor insurance market. This study looks at the need for Insurers to align business models with emerging technologies. Methods: This study makes use of secondary data which have examined digital transformation in the motorinsurance market in India. We have used the survey findings of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) covering 3300 internet customers through a representative sample. Findings: The commodification of motor insurance is an opportunity to automate processes for efficiency through the entire customer journey from purchase of insurance to making a claim. Data is very critical to decision-making and using technologies like telematics, machine learning & artificial intelligence, the insurers can draw better inferences from data to make decisions with an element of speed and efficiency. Novelty: There is paucity of research on motor insurance for Indian market especially to integrate the impact of all technologies in one research study as highlighted here. Keywords: Motor Insurance; technology; digital; transformation; India

Contextual Expertise and the Development of Organization and Management Theory

Generating theory from research settings requires researchers to adeptly engage with the social intricacies of the field. They need to develop a contextual understanding by gaining in‐depth insights into the setting, while retaining a critical distance from it. Researchers must practice this along the entire research journey, from site selection, through data collection and analyses, to theory development and explanation. However, contextual expertise has been assumed rather than actively considered as a critical component in organization and management studies. We lay out steps for understanding the nature of contextual expertise, offer systematic advice for research projects and outline methodological practices across the research process to choose, capture, comprehend, convey, and confirm contextual specificities. The growing social complexity of research settings renders the development of contextual expertise increasingly important for the generation of enriched and more diverse theory. It also has implications for organization and management studies as a scientific community.

Control the Entire Journey of Pesticide Application on Superhydrophobic Plant Surface by Dynamic Covalent Trimeric Surfactant Coacervation

AbstractVast wastage of pesticides has caused significant environmental pollution and economic loss, which occurs in any step during the entire process of pesticide application. However, the existing strategies for controlling pesticide losses are step specific. Here, a comprehensive strategy to substantively improve pesticide efficiency on the basis of precise designs from beginning to end is developed. A water‐based coacervate with synthesized imine‐based dynamic covalent trimeric surfactants to synergistically control encapsulation, deposition, retention, and release of pesticides on water‐repellent plants is constructed. The coacervate consists of nanosized networks and abundant tightly bonded water, leading to effective encapsulation of hydrophilic/hydrophobic pesticides. Meanwhile, the network‐like microstructure entangles with the micro/nanostructures of superhydrophobic surface, ensuring complete deposition on superhydrophobic plant surface after high‐speed impact and inhibition of wind/rainwater erosion. Moreover, the CO2‐induced degradative surfactant coacervate determines the precise pesticide release. The dynamic coacervate as an innovative pesticide formula provides a prospective way for pesticide application, and is expected to promote productive and sustainable agriculture.

The journey of omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular medicine.

In subjects with cardiovascular risk factors or in patients in need of secondary prevention, hypertriglyceridemia is a well-defined risk factor for adverse cardiac events. Drugs containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are approved for treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. In 1999, a cardioprotective effect in post infarct patients was suggested by a large multicentre study, the GISSI prevention trial. The hypothesized mechanism of action was an antiarrhythmic action leading to reduction of the sudden death. However, such a cardioprotective effect of n-3 PUFAs has not been straightforward like for other cardiovascular drugs such as aspirin, statins or ACE inhibitors. On the contrary, it has been a long journey with several ups and downs. Recently, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has not confirmed the risk benefit of low dose of n-3 PUFA in preventing outcomes after a myocardial infarction. Since the EMA decision, the use of a high dose (4g daily) of pure and stable EPA in a multicentre, international trial, the REDUCE-IT study showed a clear cardiovascular event reduction which was not confirmed in another trial, the STRENGTH study, which utilized 4g daily of an EPA+DHA mixture. It follows that the OMEGA-3 fatty acid story seems to be endless and the last word on cardiovascular benefits cannot be pronounced. We report a brief narrative of an entire journey from the beginning to nowadays.

An Accidental Nutritionist.

My career as an accidental nutritionist began with my immersion in cholera control, a cyclone disaster, a smallpox epidemic, and formal training in ophthalmology and epidemiology. Interest in blindness prevention inexplicably led me to (re)pioneer the effects, treatment, and prevention of vitamin A deficiency, while faced with intense criticism by many leading scientists in the nutrition community. The resulting efforts by the World Health Organization and UNICEF in support of programs for the global control of vitamin A deficiency still face vocal opposition by some senior scientists, despite having been estimated to have saved tens of millions of children from unnecessary death and blindness. This entire journey was largely an accident!

The use of a patient advocate to improve the experience in pediatric radiology.

There is increasing emphasis on improving the patient experience with a shift to patient- and family-centered care throughout all areas of health care. In 2013, the American College of Radiology launched Imaging 3.0, an initiative aimed at encouraging and enabling radiologists to work on culture change to increase focus on appropriateness, efficiency, quality, safety and patient satisfaction. Many groups have subsequently used these and other tools to improve the overall patient experience, focusing on the entire imaging journey to include initial order placement, registration in the department, image acquisition, departure from the department, and how and when the patient and family receive the imaging results. In our department we have used multiple strategies and have applied quality-improvement methods and patient/family-centered care models to improve quality, safety and the patient experience. Most of these efforts have included team members across the department, including radiologists, technologists, quality-improvement personnel, managers and nurses. In addition, for the last 12years, a key member of these teams has been our patient and family advocate (PFA). We describe the important role that a PFA can play in improving the patient and family experience in pediatric radiology.

Human Capital and Harnessing Value in the Digital Realm

The human capital paradigm for value creation for the future of work, particularly in the digital realm, requires a fundamental reappraisal. The orientation of the traditional employee framework, where the employee is involved with a small part of the project may not work in the future. The challenge for human capital in the future of work is to translate ideas into successful offerings. This requires a shift in the orientation from being a traditional employee to being a risk-embracing micro-producer. It implies a reorientation of the human capital imagination to take ownership of the entire journey from idea to offering.

Management Dilemmas in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury on Anticoagulants

Abstract Introduction A normal individual with normal hemostasis maintains a balance between thrombus formation and destruction using a complex interaction between the smooth vascular endothelium, the coagulation cascade, the platelet aggregation system, and the fibrinolysis mechanism. However, in patients who are on either antiplatelet drugs (APDs) or anticoagulants (ACDs), this normal homeostasis is altered. This is further altered with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and thus, we need specific guidelines to address this subpopulation to decide the length of observation, avoid unnecessary hospitalization, and relieve the economic burden. There exists a very few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for this clinical question and a thorough risk–benefit analysis for each patient is prudent before making clinical decisions. Materials and Methods This is a review article based on available evidence published in literature. Results There are multiple therapeutic drugs which act on various stages of the coagulation mechanism. These include antiplatelet agents, Vitamin K antagonists, Heparin, Antithrombin III, and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIA inhibitors. While the initial management of head injuries depends on the severity of head injuries, management of head injuries in patients on anticoagulants needs to be approached with care and caution. There are multiple dilemmas including role of CT scans, duration and reason for admission, when to restart anticoagulation, etc. We suggest the recommendations based on available literature; however, no evidence can be given as these are not based on any RCTs, due to paucity of such studies. Conclusion The guidelines are based on previously conducted trials and consensus. We have attempted to provide a pragmatic and practical approach to such cases with the hope that it will ensure minimum risks with the best possible patient outcomes. The entire journey from patient presentation to follow-up has been covered in this article and we hope this would be useful to all practicing in the field of neurotrauma.

Integrating light‐level geolocation with activity tracking reveals unexpected nocturnal migration patterns of the tawny pipit

Migratory birds complete their seasonal journeys between breeding and non‐breeding sites with a series of migratory flights that are separated by prolonged stopovers. While songbirds are the most common taxa among migratory birds, empirical data on flight and stopover behaviour along their entire migratory journeys are still rare. Here, we integrate activity and barometric pressure tracking with classical light‐level geolocation to describe migration behaviour of tawny pipits Anthus campestris breeding in central Europe. Surprisingly, tracked pipits used, on average, as many as 10 stopover sites during their six week, > 5000 km long autumn migration. This conforms to a typical hop‐type pattern of migration. In contrast to common knowledge which considers the tawny pipit as a typical diurnal migrant, our data revealed that more than two thirds of all migratory movements were carried out at night. Nocturnal departure times were highly variable within individuals and spread across the entire night while landing most often took place within the first few hours after sunrise. Consequently, there was a negative relationship between departure timing relative to sunset and flight duration. Short flights of up to 2 h were most common and median flight duration was 4.5 h. There was a hyperbolic relationship between flight duration and maximum flight altitude and flight altitudes during night were two times higher compared to daytime. The overall ratio of flight versus stopover duration during migration was on average 1:6.5. This closely matches predictions from theoretical models. We show that multi‐sensor tracking has the potential to provide unprecedented details on migratory behaviour of individual birds along their entire migratory journeys, and it also improves the precision of geographical locations derived from light‐level geolocators.