English Summary Research Articles

Understanding the role of place in emerging organisational fields: a comparative analysis of nascent ICT entrepreneurial ecosystems in Japan

Abstract This paper contributes to a better understanding of how place matters for the development of nascent Information and Communication Technology (ICT) entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs). This qualitative study adopts a lens of neo-institutional theory, looking at EEs as organisational fields, and focuses on two comparative cases in Japan—Osaka-Kyoto and Fukuoka, which are developing “in the shadow” of the more established Tokyo EE. The data is based on semi-structured interviews and participant observations generated during fieldwork research in 2016–2020, analysed together with a set of archival data. The findings reveal similar gaps in the institutional infrastructure of the nascent EEs of Osaka-Kyoto and Fukuoka (for example, in funding, in the access to information and expertise from successful startups), in response to which their stakeholders engage undertake similar types of actions to obtain the missing/underdeveloped elements, including creating network connections within and between EEs (with particularly important links to Tokyo EE). However, the study shows that the existing and expected outcomes of these actions are moderated by certain elements underlying the EEs’ institutional infrastructure—local resources (stronger in Osaka-Kyoto) and place cohesion (stronger in Fukuoka). The latter concept is newly identified and defined in the paper. The findings of this paper become the basis for a process model of the nascent EEs’ development, have theoretical implications for research about EEs and for the comparative study of organisational fields, and offer insights for policy and practice. Plain English Summary Place continues to be critically important for the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs), even those focused on technology-related startup entrepreneurship that might be expected to be less dependent on place. By comparing the cases of two Information and Communication Technology (ICT) EEs in Japan (Osaka-Kyoto and Fukuoka, developing “in the shadow” of the more established Tokyo), the study shows the significant role of place cohesion (a newly defined concept, consisting of place-based collective identity and locations’ internal centralisation) and local resources in the nascent EEs’ development. The findings also confirm that various developmental pathways and configurations exist but note possible dangers (e.g. brain drain) when some key elements (e.g. funding) are accessed from another EE, even in the same country. Policymakers and practitioners should consider that intentionally working on strengthening place cohesion and local resources could help EEs’ development and that developing at least some locally based funding opportunities seems important for nascent EEs.

NOSTALGIA IN "CHESHTI MAJEUR" BY HEJAR MUKRIYANÎ

Nostalgia is a psychological phenomenon related to the human’s heart and psyche. It represents an attempt to reclaim a selective past and move toward an ideal future, or longing and sadness for a time, place, thing, person that remained in the past. Sometimes, due to a painful reality and challenging life circumstances, individuals or writers long to return to their golden past, cherished memories, and peaceful days or dream of a bright and secure future they can envision in their imagination. In this context, nostalgia becomes the best refuge for the human soul because it is an emotional state of comfort towards longing for the past."Cheshti Majeur" as an autobiographical work, is rich with sorrow, pain, success, losses, and personal experiences, while also portraying an important period in the history of Kurdistan and the life of Hejar Mukriyanî. For this reason, this book was chosen as the subject of study. This research consists of two main parts, in addition to summaries in Kurdish, Arabic, and English, as well as an introduction, conclusion, and references. The first part is theoretical, addressing the following topics: Nostalgia: the term and concept, definitions of nostalgia, the benefits of nostalgia in literary works, and the types of nostalgia in literature. Autobiography: the term and concept, definitions of autobiography, types of autobiography, and autobiography in the context of poetry and prose. The second part is practical, focusing on identifying the types of nostalgia in "Cheshti Majeur". The main research question is: Does nostalgia manifest in "Cheshti Majeur"?

Petrographic Analysis of the Persian-Period Ceramic Assemblage from Tel Ya‘oz (Hebrew, pp. 39*–44*; English summary, pp. 204–205)

Petrographic Analysis of the Persian-Period Ceramic Assemblage from Tel Ya‘oz (Hebrew, pp. 39*–44*; English summary, pp. 204–205)

A Persian-Period Building from Tel Ya‘oz (Tell Ghaza) (Hebrew, pp. 1*–24*; English summary, p. 203)

A Persian-Period Building from Tel Ya‘oz (Tell Ghaza) (Hebrew, pp. 1*–24*; English summary, p. 203)

Buildings of the Persian, Hellenistic and Early Roman Periods at Khirbat Kabar, in the Northern Hebron Hills (Hebrew, pp. 49*–71*; English summary, pp. 205–207)

Buildings of the Persian, Hellenistic and Early Roman Periods at Khirbat Kabar, in the Northern Hebron Hills (Hebrew, pp. 49*–71*; English summary, pp. 205–207)

Drinking Vessels (Rytha) from Tel Ya‘oz (Hebrew, pp. 25*–37*; English summary, pp. 203–204)

Drinking Vessels (Rytha) from Tel Ya‘oz (Hebrew, pp. 25*–37*; English summary, pp. 203–204)

The Effect of Using Google Translate and Other Online Resources on English Summaries Written by Thai EFL University Learners

Google Translate (GT) and other online resources play an important role in English language learning. Automatic machine translation (MT) is regarded as one of the most significant advancements in digital technology for language instruction, and during the COVID-19 pandemic this led to an increase in the use of GT by second language (L2) students attempting to overcome language barriers. This study's objectives were to research how web-based MT training in language learning affected Thai L2-English learners’ writing, and to ascertain their attitudes after the training. Forty third-year English majors were instructed to individually watch one of seven Thai short films and then write an English summary. Following the identification of the most frequent writing errors, a GT training program was created to correct the problems. After the training, the students were instructed to revise their summaries and make any necessary changes. Both versions of the summaries were compared and evaluated. Six students then participated in individual semi-structured interviews to identify the benefits and drawbacks of MT in language and translation classrooms. The results demonstrated that most students initially produced their summaries in Thai before using GT to translate them into English. The initial summaries submitted contained several kinds of inaccuracies. However, after the training, the students’ revised summaries improved significantly. The findings can assist teachers in deciding whether to prohibit the use of GT and online paraphrasing tools in the classroom or to guide students on how to utilize them effectively.

Minds vs machines: A comparative study of AI and teacher-generated summaries in ELT

This study investigates the differences between human-generated and AI-generated summaries in a remote English as a Foreign Language (EFL) lesson setting, addressing the research problem of how each approach captures and interprets lesson content. Utilizing Zoom-AI as the AI summarization tool, the study compares its output with summaries created by ten human educators. Each participant summarized the same lesson, providing a basis for direct comparison. The methodology involved qualitative analysis, focusing on aspects such as content comprehensiveness, pedagogical judgment, contextual understanding, and the recognition of classroom dynamics. The key findings have revealed that while the AI-generated summary is significantly more efficient in capturing the content, it lacks depth in educational insights and contextual nuances. Conversely, human-generated summaries appear to have provided richer educational judgments and a better understanding of classroom interactions but sometimes deviated from the core content, decreasing their educational value. The study suggests a complementary approach, integrating AI’s efficiency with human expertise through a human-in-the loop system to enhance the overall quality and utility of educational summaries. These results have important implications for integrating of AI in educational settings, highlighting the potential for AI to assist educators and the irreplaceable need for the nuanced understanding and contextual interpretation that human educators provide.

A Roman-Period Altar from Legio (Hebrew, pp. 141*–145*; English summary, p. 125)

A Roman-Period Altar from Legio (Hebrew, pp. 141*–145*; English summary, p. 125)

The Flour Mills in the Ridwan Gardens, ‘Akko (with a contribution by Gerald Finkielsztejn) (Hebrew, pp. 127*–140*; English summary, pp. 113–115)

The Flour Mills in the Ridwan Gardens, ‘Akko (with a contribution by Gerald Finkielsztejn) (Hebrew, pp. 127*–140*; English summary, pp. 113–115)

Early Islamic, Crusader and Mamluk-Period Pottery from the French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, pp. 29*–37*; English summary, p. 536)

Early Islamic, Crusader and Mamluk-Period Pottery from the French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, pp. 29*–37*; English summary, p. 536)

The Coins from the Flour Mills in the Ridwan Gardens, ‘Akko (Hebrew, pp. 159*–160*; English summary, p. 119)

The Coins from the Flour Mills in the Ridwan Gardens, ‘Akko (Hebrew, pp. 159*–160*; English summary, p. 119)

Remains from the End of the Early Chalcolithic and the Late Chalcolithic Periods at Kaukab Springs in the Western Galilee (Hebrew, pp. 1*–41*; English summary, p. 103–105)

Remains from the End of the Early Chalcolithic and the Late Chalcolithic Periods at Kaukab Springs in the Western Galilee (Hebrew, pp. 1*–41*; English summary, p. 103–105)

A Crusader-Period Subterranean Water Reservoir at Moẓa: Results of the Salvage Excavation and Cleaning Procedure (with a contribution by Robert Kool) (Hebrew, pp. 1*–11*; English summary, pp. 165–166)

A Crusader-Period Subterranean Water Reservoir at Moẓa: Results of the Salvage Excavation and Cleaning Procedure (with a contribution by Robert Kool) (Hebrew, pp. 1*–11*; English summary, pp. 165–166)

Remains from the Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader and Ottoman Periods in the “Ganor Compound,” Yafo (Jaffa) (with contributions by Amir Golani, Robert Kool, Moshe Sade)(Hebrew, pp. 71*–83*; English summary, pp. 159–160)

Remains from the Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader and Ottoman Periods in the “Ganor Compound,” Yafo (Jaffa) (with contributions by Amir Golani, Robert Kool, Moshe Sade)(Hebrew, pp. 71*–83*; English summary, pp. 159–160)

Remains from the Prehistoric to the Late Ottoman Periods at Kerem Maharal (Hebrew, pp. 69*–119*; English summary, pp. 168–171)

Remains from the Prehistoric to the Late Ottoman Periods at Kerem Maharal (Hebrew, pp. 69*–119*; English summary, pp. 168–171)

A Cemetery from the Persian Period and Remains from the Late Roman, Byzantine, Abbasid and Crusader Periods at the French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, pp. 1*–27*; English summary, pp. 533–535)

A Cemetery from the Persian Period and Remains from the Late Roman, Byzantine, Abbasid and Crusader Periods at the French Hospital Compound, Yafo (Jaffa) (Hebrew, pp. 1*–27*; English summary, pp. 533–535)

A Villa and a Pottery Kiln from the Late Roman–Byzantine Periods at ‘En Ya‘al (Naḥal Refa’im), Jerusalem (with a contribution by Anat Cohen-Weinberger) (Hebrew, pp. 71*–119*; English summary, pp. 107–110)

A Villa and a Pottery Kiln from the Late Roman–Byzantine Periods at ‘En Ya‘al (Naḥal Refa’im), Jerusalem (with a contribution by Anat Cohen-Weinberger) (Hebrew, pp. 71*–119*; English summary, pp. 107–110)

A Mosaic Floor with Xenia at ‘En Yaʻal (Naḥal Refa’im), Jerusalem (Hebrew, pp. 121*–126*; English summary, pp. 111–112)

A Mosaic Floor with Xenia at ‘En Yaʻal (Naḥal Refa’im), Jerusalem (Hebrew, pp. 121*–126*; English summary, pp. 111–112)

The Animal Bones from the Chalcolithic-Period Refuse Pits at Yehud (Hebrew, pp. 25*–29*; English summary, p. 181)

The Animal Bones from the Chalcolithic-Period Refuse Pits at Yehud (Hebrew, pp. 25*–29*; English summary, p. 181)