English Literature Research Articles (Page 1)

Gallbladder (GB) malignancy is the most common biliary malignancy; however, squamous cell carcinoma of the gallbladder (GBSCC) is extremely rare. Synchronous primary GB and colon cancers are very rare, but they are still adenocarcinomas. The patient was a 68-year-old male who had symptoms of anemia and underwent a comprehensive examination. Irregular thickening of the GB wall and localized bowel wall thickening in the ascending colon were observed. Colonoscopy revealed a large mass in the ascending colon, and adenocarcinoma was diagnosed by biopsy. Right hemicolectomy and extended cholecystectomy were implemented. The patient was diagnosed with synchronous primary pure GBSCC and colon adenocarcinoma. Anemia was found on the 10th postoperative day, and syncope occurred on the 12th day; computed tomography showed a gastroduodenal artery aneurysm, and covered stent insertion was attempted but failed. Consequently, intimal dissection and common hepatic artery embolization resulted, leading to hepatic failure, and the patient died on the 18th day. We report a case of synchronous primary pure GBSCC and colon adenocarcinoma. Synchronous primary GB and colon adenocarcinomas have rarely been reported. However, synchronous primary pure GBSCC and colon adenocarcinomas have not yet been reported in English literature. Here, we present a literature review on the pathogenesis of GBSCC and synchronous GB and colon cancer.

Despite being among the most common cancer treatment-related side effects, taste disorders have received limited study, and their management remains challenging. Recent data have associated dysgeusia with decreased quality of life and increased mortality. We discuss here the state of the science on this topic and address clinical concerns and understudied therapeutics, with the aim of stressing the importance of this side effect and the need for effective treatment. We selected extant articles covering cancer therapy-associated dysgeusia in English language peer-reviewed literature from PubMed, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases. We identified 368 articles, of which 92 were reviewed in detail. The relevant publications have described heterogeneous populations and a multitude of clinical characteristics. The mechanisms of altered taste perception in cancer populations have not been completely elucidated, which in turn has impaired the development of potential interventions, including prevention and management. Dysgeusia in cancer patients may be more relevant to treatment success and quality of life than previously accepted. Unfortunately, this topic has not been adequately addressed and requires further study.

Porcelain gallbladder (PG) is an academic term to define a special as well as rare condition of some gallbladder diseases. So far, some issues still remain a discussion, such as etiopathogenesis, clinical features, correlation with gallbladder cancer, and surgical indication. We described a typical PG case, and reviewed some English literature as well as relevant cases from our institutions, aiming to further illustrate some issues mentioned above. Herein, we describe a 54-year-old obesity woman with hypertension and prediabetes who presented with recurrent abdominal pain and indigestion for 35 years, with diagnosis of chronic cholelithiasis. She insisted on nonsurgical management for many years until a ring, high-dense shadow classically associated with PG, was found on computed tomography scan in the latest visit of the Emergency Department. Therefore, she underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The patient recovered uneventfluly after surgery, and the post oprative pathology confirmed a PG without any cancer cells under microscopy. After a month of follow-up, she was very satisfied with the clinical outcomes, with no surgery-related complications. PG has a potential though low risk of gallbladder cancerization. If patients' condition permit, minimally invasive cholecystectomy is still a prioritized choice due to its safety and reliability as well.

ABSTRACT Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day (1989) narrates a mid-twentieth-century shift from an English old-world, Fascist-allied conservatism into what is apparently a modern, democratic value system. I look at how, both in and beyond the novel’s Anglophone context, this shift evokes a narrative of postwar US liberalism on the world stage: the idea of transition from authoritarianism to democracy. In fictional memoir form, the novel tells the story of how an English butler facilitates his aristocratic employer’s mobilization by Nazi forces in the 1920s and 1930s. In the 1950s, when he drives across the southern part of the country to visit the former housekeeper, the butler is forced to confront a new form of personhood, one with individualized political agency within a nationalist colonial framework, the patriotism of which ironically accompanies the rise of US world dominance. I argue that The Remains of the Day, written by a Nobel laureate and taught in English literature classes internationally, can be read as questioning the Pax Americana framework of transition and the resolutions it offers. In recent years, as liberal progressivism attempts to present itself as the only viable alternative to the rise of the Right on the global stage, this novel has become helpful for political thought not only in the West but also in the US-aligned sites in Asia and other parts of the world that are compelled to demonstrate having undergone such a transition.

ABSTRACT This article analyses Indian English literature of return, travel memoirs authored by Indian returnees after a period of displacement, as intervening in the discourse of Indian unity, and traces its emergence as a conscious generic shift shaped by the zeitgeist of twentieth-century India. It reads this shift as both a development and divergence from earlier literary traditions that engaged with the idea of India, offering alternative discourses while strategically experimenting with narrative styles. The article examines the literary projection of a comprehensive India, long sustained through readings of Indian nationalist literature and diasporic imagination. It then explores how this twentieth-century genre, exemplified in the travelogues of Jawaharlal Nehru, Santha Rama Rau, Ved Mehta, and Dom Moraes, gains momentum. Ultimately, the study urges a revaluation of the divide between fiction and nonfiction, conceptualises mobility as a defining feature of modernity, and foregrounds contrapuntal perspectives on India and Indian identity.

Arab students who learn English as a foreign language, especially Saudi students, face several challenges during the process of mastering writing skills. This research addresses the problem of persistent lexical errors in students' academic writing, which stem from semantic transfer between Arabic and English. The main purpose of this study is to identify and categorize the most common lexical errors caused by semantic transfer from Arabic to English in the academic writing of Saudi undergraduates' students and to examine the perceived causes of lexical errors caused by semantic transfer from Arabic to English. The main research question is: What are the most common lexical errors caused by semantic transfer from Arabic to English in the academic writing among Saudi male undergraduates' students? The research participants were 20 male students from the Languages and Translation Department at the University College of Haql, University of Tabuk. Using a mixed-methods approach to examine lexical errors caused by semantic transfer from Arabic to English. Quantitative data from 100 student essays were analyzed descriptively to identify common errors, while qualitative insights were gathered through a semi-structured group interview and analyzed thematically to explore students' perceptions of the causes. The findings reveal that the most common lexical errors through the semantic transfer are direct translations, word choice errors, false cognates, and incorrect collocations. The semi-structured interview revealed four main causes of these errors: negative transfer from Arabic, overgeneralization of English rules, limited exposure to authentic English, and insufficient awareness of collocations.

Background Children with cerebral palsy often experience persistent upper extremity impairments that impact independence and participation in daily activities. Wearable neurotechnology devices offer a promising, non-invasive approach to enhance motor control, promote neuroplasticity, and extend neurorehabilitation beyond clinical settings. However, the development and application of such devices in pediatric populations remains poorly defined. This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature on wearable neurotechnology systems used for upper extremity rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy and identify knowledge gaps to guide future research and clinical translation in pediatric neurorehabilitation. Methods This review followed the JBI Scoping Review Methodology and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Four electronic database sources, MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO, were systematically searched to identify studies on wearable neurotechnology devices for upper extremity rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy. Included studies consisted of journal articles published from January 2005 to June 2025, with full texts available in English and relevant gray literature sources. Data were extracted on neurotechnology characteristics, regulatory status, intervention protocols, and outcome measures. Results From the 2,892 articles screened, 21 met the eligibility criteria. Most devices were in early developmental stages, with only five receiving regulatory approval. Studies examined various systems, including electromyography-triggered stimulation, virtual reality, and robot-assisted devices with haptic or electrical stimulation, and wearable garments embedded with electrical or vibrotactile stimulators. Intervention protocols varied widely across studies in terms of treatment intensity, wear schedules, and co-interventions. Feasibility was generally positive across studies, with high adherence rates and minimal adverse events reported. Many studies reported improvements in motor outcomes, including enhanced grip strength, hand use, range of motion, grasp and release ability, and muscular recruitment. Conclusions Wearable neurotechnology shows potential to augment upper extremity rehabilitation in children with cerebral palsy, particularly through systems that support task-specific, feedback-driven practice. However, translation to clinical practice is limited by heterogeneity in device design, lack of standardized protocols, and limited high-quality evidence. Future research should prioritize standardization, clinician-centered implementation studies, and long-term outcomes to support integration into pediatric care. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/5qxpe .

This study examines readers’ responses to two folktales Timun Mas (Indonesia) and Jack and the Beanstalk (England) with the objective of identifying how cultural values shape intellectual and emotional engagement with narrative texts. Data were collected from 30 undergraduate students majoring in English literature. Employing an experimental approach, participants read both folktales and responded through structured questionnaires and open-ended written reflections. The findings reveal notable variations in readers’ interpretations of the two stories. In Timun Mas, participants expressed both positive and negative responses influenced by their cultural backgrounds. Many appreciated the integration of Javanese cultural elements such as the naming of characters, the inclusion of traditional objects like terasi (shrimp paste), and references to takhyul (superstition) which contributed to the story’s cultural richness and authenticity. Readers also admired Timun Mas’s perseverance in confronting adversity, reflecting cultural values of resilience and moral strength. Conversely, some participants criticized the character of Mbok Srini for breaking her promise to the giant, viewing this act as inconsistent with ethical principles valued in their own culture. In contrast, responses to Jack and the Beanstalk were predominantly negative, with readers interpreting Jack’s actions as morally questionable. Many described him as greedy, deceitful, and unjustified in killing the giant. Several participants suggested that the story should have concluded with a tragic ending in which Jack faces the consequences of his actions. Overall, the study underscores the profound influence of cultural background on readers’ moral evaluations, emotional responses, and interpretive engagement with folktales across different cultural traditions.

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a common endemic vector-borne disease in Asia that can lead to a range of systemic complications, including the rare but potentially life-threatening manifestation of acute pancreatitis. We conducted a systematic review of all reported cases of scrub typhus-associated acute pancreatitis from 1943 to 2024 using PubMed, including English, Japanese, and Chinese literature, and analyzed a total of 14 cases, including one newly identified case at our institution. Diagnostic criteria were based on compatible clinical features, elevated pancreatic enzymes, and characteristic imaging findings. The median age of patients was 47 years (range 22-75), with 69.2% of patients being male. The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever (100%), abdominal pain (92.3%), and thrombocytopenia (30.8%). Over one-third of the patients developed multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) or shock, and the mortality rate was 23.1%, with all fatalities occurring in patients with MODS. Most patients received doxycycline or azithromycin along with supportive care. The newly reported case presented with rapidly progressive pancreatitis requiring intensive care and multiple organ support, but the patient eventually recovered. These findings highlight that acute pancreatitis is an underrecognized yet severe complication of scrub typhus, often associated with poor outcomes when MODS is present. Clinicians in endemic regions should consider pancreatitis in the differential diagnoses when evaluating scrub typhus patients with abdominal symptoms or systemic inflammation. Prompt recognition and timely, aggressive management may improve survival and reduce complications in affected patients.

Indirectness is a valuable communication skill commonly employed to accomplish specific objectives. Motivations for indirect use of language can be politeness, self-defense, or criticism of the other in conversation. Humor has been a subject of extensive study across various disciplines, including linguistics, literature, and philosophy. This interdisciplinary interest stems from both a desire to understand human behavior and an effort to explore how humorous techniques are employed within fictional works to achieve the author's intended effect. The article explores the rhetorical purpose of humorous devices in English literary discourse. In fiction, writers resort to humor as a means of ridiculing a certain trait of a character. The forms of humor include irony, understatement, sarcasm, self-deprecation, wit, satire, etc. The analysis has shown that writers most often use the strategies of initial, final, or double focus, placing humorous devices at the beginning, at the end, or at the centre and the end of a work of fiction simultaneously. The starting or finishing point for deductive, inductive and double-focus persuasive strategies is the author/character's perspective, which focuses on how they perceive what is happening within the story. Situational and narrative ironies enhance the impact of humorous means, thus creating a persuasive discourse. The linguistic material is analyzed through a discourse approach, pragmalinguistic and linguistic-stylistic methods of research.

This study explores the development of the Gothic novel in English literature from a stylistic and cognitive-linguistic perspective. It examines the structure of Gothic narrative discourse and its expressive strategies, highlighting the pivotal role of cognitive metaphor in shaping themes of horror, mystery, and existential anxiety. Drawing on the philosophy of language, the study reveals how Gothic language encodes and reproduces cultural and psychological constructs that reflect the self's confrontation with the irrational and the unknown. Through critical readings of seminal Gothic texts, the study traces the dynamic interplay between language and aesthetic experience, demonstrating how Gothic fiction reflects evolving artistic, social, and intellectual paradigms. It discusses how early Gothic narratives, characterized by medieval settings and dark, enclosed spaces, responded to their social and political environments, particularly the tensions of modernity and class transformation. In later developments, the Gothic style deepened its philosophical and psychological concerns, engaging with notions of creation, morality, madness, and the limits of humanity. The study concludes that the Gothic novel constantly reinvents itself, maintaining its literary vitality and cultural significance through continuous adaptation to new contexts. This capacity for transformation has allowed the Gothic style to remain a resonant form of artistic expression, transcending the boundaries between reason and chaos, reality and imagination, thus ensuring its enduring presence and importance in contemporary literary discourse.

This paper investigates the impact of social media exposure on Malaysian university students’ academic writing, with emphasis on how informal digital language influences their grammar, spelling, and overall writing competence. The use of abbreviations, slangs as well as informal structures of the language in this powerful communication tool has become common in academic contexts. Previous studies have shown that this ‘encroachment’ undermine vocabulary richness, grammatical accuracy, and eventually affect learners’ ability in elaborating idea and as a result weaken writing performance. Nevertheless, students’ perceptions remain mixed—many recognize that platforms like Facebook and WhatsApp can boost confidence, grammatical awareness, and access to learning materials, yet also acknowledge that informal habits hinder formal writing. The study highlights that educators can mitigate these negative effects by integrating social media into structured academic activities, providing continuous feedback, and monitoring student writing practices. Ultimately, effective guidance can transform social media from a distraction into a supportive tool for academic writing development.

Pinworm infestation is an important public health problem worldwide, especially among children 5 to 10 years of age in developing countries with temperate climates. The problem is often overlooked because of its mild or asymptomatic clinical manifestations. The purpose of this article was to familiarize pediatricians with the diagnosis and management of pinworm infestation. A search was conducted in August 2023 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key terms "Enterobius vermicularis," OR "enterobiasis," OR "pinworm." The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in the English literature were included in this review. The information retrieved from the above search was used in the compilation of the present article. Enterobiasis is a cosmopolitan parasitosis caused by Enterobius vermicularis. It affects approximately 30% of children worldwide and up to 60% of children in some developing countries. Predisposing factors include poor socioeconomic conditions, inadequate sanitation, poor personal hygiene, and overcrowding. Children aged 5 to 14 years have shown the highest prevalence of enterobiasis.. Egg transmission is mainly by the fecal-oral route. Approximately 30 to 40% of infested patients do not show any clinical symptoms of the disease. For symptomatic patients, the most common presenting symptom is nocturnal pruritus ani. The diagnosis of E. vermicularis infection is best established by the cellophane tape test. The sensitivity of one single test is around 50%; however, the sensitivity increases to approximately 90% with tests performed on three different mornings. If a worm is visualized in the perianal area or the stool, a pathological examination of the worm will yield a definitive diagnosis. As pinworms and eggs are not usually passed in the stool, examination of the stool is not recommended. The drugs of choice for the treatment of pinworm infestation are mebendazole (100 mg), pyrantel pamoate (11 mg/kg, maximum 1 g), and albendazole (400 mg), all of the above-mentioned drugs are given in a single dose and repeated in two weeks. Mebendazole and albendazole are both adulticidal and ovicidal, whereas pyrantel pamoate is only adulticidal. Given their safety and effectiveness, mebendazole and albendazole are currently the best available drugs for the treatment of pinworm infestation. For pregnant women, pyrantel is preferred to mebendazole and albendazole. Treatment of all household members should be considered, especially if there are multiple or repeated symptomatic infections because reinfection is common even when effective medication is given. In spite of effective treatment of pinworm infestation, recurrences are common. Recurrences are likely due to repeated cycles of reinfection (particularly, autoinfection) because of the short life span of adult pinworms. Good personal hygiene, such as frequent handwashing, especially after bowel movements and before meals, clipping of fingernails, avoidance of finger-sucking, nail-biting, and scratching in the anogenital area, are important preventive measures. Treatment of all household members should be considered, especially if there are multiple or repeated symptomatic infections.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) of the pancreas are rare tumors arising from pancreatic tissue, predominantly affecting young women and possessing low malignant potential. Extrapancreatic SPNs are exceedingly uncommon. According to data from the English literature, only 30 cases of extrapancreatic SPNs had been reported by 1990, accounting for less than 1% of all reported SPNs from 2004 to 2018. The testis, paratesticular region, and ovary are the more frequently documented sites of these tumors [1,2]. Notably, to the best of our knowledge, no cases of SPN originating in the diaphragm have been reported in the English literature to date. The prevailing theory suggests that SPNs behave similarly regardless of whether they originate in the pancreas or in extrapancreatic locations. We present the case of a 79-year-old female with a history of lung and endometrial cancer, who was diagnosed with a liver lesion during a routine follow-up 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). During surgery, the lesion was resected from the diaphragm and was confirmed to be consistent with the pathological findings of SPN.

How does transport infrastructure development impact rural livelihoods in the Global South? A systematic review of the English language academic literature

Factors Influencing Severity and Various Clinical Indexes in Herb-induced Liver Injury: An Updated Bibliometric Analysis and Meta-Analysis.

Using McCarthy's 4MAT Model to Develop English Writing Skills in Upper- Grade Primary Pupils

Pre-service teachers(PSTs) must pass the National Teacher Employment Exam(NTEE) or obtain a position at a private school in order to pursue their career as in-service teachers. Critical for this purpose is the competence in implementing English classes and passing NTEE. This study investigates how helpful the curriculum of Dept. of English Education is in implementing English classes and preparing for NTEE and explores implications for curriculum improvement. Surveys and semi-structured interviews with English PSTs were conducted in 2022 and 2025 respectively. 2022 PSTs, whose curriculum was significantly affected by online instruction, evaluated the perceived helpfulness of department’s curriculum in both the implementation of English classes and NTEE lower in the areas of English linguistics, English literature, and English education than did their 2025 counterparts. Both groups rated English education as the most helpful area, while English literature was rated the least helpful. 2022 PSTs identified English education as a major area for enhancement in the department while 2025 PSTs tended to be satisfied with the current curriculum. In addition, there were educational needs from PSTs for learning English pragmatics, for adjusting the semester of courses of English education, and for increasing opportunities of micro-teaching.

This study aims to explore the development and applicability of a rubric that can effectively diagnose and foster key competencies—future-oriented thinking, collaboration, and creativity—within university-level English reading and writing courses in the rapidly changing global and glocal era. Traditional assessments in general English education have been largely focused on grammar and reading accuracy, thereby showing limitations in measuring learners’ comprehensive competencies. In this regard, the present study sought to develop a multidimensional assessment rubric based on the theory of Competency-Based Education (CBE). The development process involved literature analysis, consultation with external experts, and reliability analysis using Cronbach’s alpha. As a result, the designed rubric proved to be an effective tool not only for assessing learners’ self-directed writing abilities, but also for diagnosing their problem-solving ability, creative thinking, and collaborative communication skills. Therefore, this study holds significance in that it provides a foundation for promoting teacher-learner interaction as well as for functioning as an assessment tool that enhances learning motivation and improves achievement levels. Future research could further examine its long-term educational effects and the scalability of the rubric across diverse student populations and disciplinary writing contexts.

This essay explores how socially engaged art helps students to learn, create, and share English literature and environmental humanities knowledge. By critically examining my recent undergraduate English course, American Literature and the Environment as a case study for a new English literature pedagogy, I demonstrate that participatory art fosters a productive convergence between literary pedagogy and environmental literacy. More specifically, eco-infographic art functions as a critical pedagogical medium: one that merges scientific knowledge with the affective dimensions of ecological crisis, enabling English majors to engage more deeply with environmental issues. Drawing on Pablo Helguera’s notion of transpedagogy, I examine students’ eco-infographics as a participatory process that transforms learning into critical reflection in confronting today’s global ecological challenges. Ultimately, I argue that participatory and collaborative practice of eco-infographic art can be used as a powerful pedagogical tool for teaching literature and fostering students’ critical awareness of ecological issues.