Level Of Empowerment Research Articles

THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT ON CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT OF HEALTH CARE: AN EMPIRICAL AND COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN HOSPITALS

The study has been aimed to know the impact of Employee Empowerment on CI of health care between hospitals (government and private). The required data for the purpose of this study were collected by a questionnaire designed on the basis of related practices. It consisted of 73 items divided into two domains, the first one to measure employee empowerment practices (37 items), and the second one to measure CI practices (36 items). The study sample was applied to the (326) respondents; The total number of respondents from hospitals was 326; That is, 76% of the total number of the target group, which is (431) respondents, with a response rate of 96%, which is high percent because the researcher distributed the questionnaires personally. Using IBM SPSS and a comparative descriptive-analytical approach. Three themes emerged from the respondents’ trends. First, the existence of employee empowerment application in government hospitals was moderately level, and in private hospitals was in a high level, and also the existence of CI application in government hospitals was in a low level, and in private hospitals was in a high level. Second, there is a strong correlation between employee empowerment and CI of health care in hospitals (government, private). Third, there is statistically significant impact at the level (α ≤ 0.05) of the Employee empowerment on CI of health care whether the dimensions of CI are combined or fragmented in hospitals. The limitation of this study was in fixed bureaucracy structure in governmental hospitals and competitiveness issues in private hospitals. The study dealt with a dependent variable that was rarely studied by previous Arab studies and also rarely comparative study between profit and nonprofit hospitals.

Psychological empowerment for the future of work: Evidence from Portugal

AbstractIn the competitive global marketplace, it is becoming important for organizations to empower employees for productivity reasons. One of the organizational empowerment models with greater support and consistency in the various studies in which it has been used is Spreitzer's Model of Psychological Empowerment in the Workplace, published in 1995. The model is composed of four dimensions that allow the measurement of the components of meaning, competence, self‐determination and the impact of work on individual empowerment. The present study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties, in the Portuguese context, of the referred model. After the translation and adaptation of the psychological empowerment scale, the questionnaire was applied to a sample of 545 workers from Portuguese industrial organizations. The results of the application of structural equation modeling allow identifying the same components defined by the Spreitzer model, so it can be considered a reliable and valid instrument to measure organizational empowerment in the Portuguese context. However, we consider that complementary studies are necessary to analyze the psychometric properties of the scale and to further advance the research. The results obtained allow us to affirm that empowerment will be a basic strategy to improve the organizational transformations that companies constantly face. It is therefore important for Portuguese organizations to analyze the level of psychological empowerment of their employees, in order to find solutions to problems such as turnover, talent attraction, performance, work demotivation and improve human resource management practices. This is particularly important following the COVID‐19 pandemic in which the psychology of employees was tested due to working from home and social distancing requirements.

Impact of social media participation on female entrepreneurs towards their digital entrepreneurship intention and psychological empowerment

PurposeThe use of social media is becoming increasingly important for entrepreneurial marketing as a way to gain psychological empowerment through female entrepreneurship. The participation of female entrepreneurs on social media has witnessed an increasing trend. The purpose of this study is to understand the impact of social media participation on female entrepreneurs towards digital entrepreneurship intention and their psychological empowerment.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study integrates the Stimulus–Organism–Response framework with uses and gratification theory to understand and determine a theoretical framework in understanding the importance of social media for female entrepreneurship in the contemporary digital era. To ensure internal consistency of the latent constructs, this study determines Cronbach’s alpha for all the variables. Further, exploratory factor analysis is performed to ensure the unidimensionality of the latent constructs. Structural equation modelling is performed to test the theoretical framework.FindingsData analysis confirms the significant effect of social media participations on female entrepreneurs towards their digital entrepreneurship intention which further affects their psychological empowerment.Originality/valueThe practical contributions of this study highlight the importance of female entrepreneurship which is essential for attaining self-reliance by reducing the socio-economic barriers. Further, female entrepreneurs’ participation in social media communities enhances the levels of empowerment.

Investigating the Relationship between Empowerment and Chronic Pain Acceptance and the Resulting Limitations in the Elderly with Diabetes Living Southwest of Iran

Background AimConsidering the importance of pain acceptance in adjusting to chronic pain among diabetic patients, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between the empowerment scale and the level of chronic pain acceptance among the elderly with diabetes and the resulting limitations. MethodThis is a descriptive-analytical study on 250 older patients (65 years and older) with diabetes. The samples were selected through random convenience sampling, performed during 2019 to 2020 in the health centers of Ahvaz, Iran. The data were collected using the demographic information checklist and standard questionnaires including chronic pain acceptance questionnaire (CPAQ), the scale of chronic pain-related limitations, and the diabetes empowerment scale-short form (DES-SF). The data were analyzed using SPSS V24. ResultsThe majority of the samples were male (56%) and the mean age of the participants was 70.96 ± 8.95 years. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation were reported to be 20.04 ± 4.63 for pain acceptance, 46.16 ± 10.85 for chronic pain-related limitations, and 27.24 ± 9.65 for the empowerment scale. According to regression coefficients, the mean score of empowerments of patients with diabetes has no significant relationship with pain acceptance (p = .199, b = -0.327) and pain-related limitations (p = .925, b = 0.004). ConclusionsBased on the results of this study, the level of empowerment, pain acceptance, and pain-related limitations in the older patients with diabetes was moderate and there was no significant relationship between them. Identifying vulnerable groups in the field of chronic pain and preventive, educational and therapeutic interventions will help increase patients’ self-care capacity and reduce the limitations and the disability caused by pain.

A Study to Assess the Level of Student Empowerment and Explore the Challenges and Perceived Barriers among Undergraduate Nursing Students in a Selected College of Nursing

Student empowerment is the process in which the learner attains the ability to direct one’s own self and utilises it to make independent decisions which bring out the benefit to the individual as well as to the society. Student nurses are the future of the healthcare system, who need to be motivated to steer the wheels of learning. In this process of learning a teacher plays a vital role in inculcating the ability to choose and drive self-decision power. A cross sectional descriptive design was adopted to assess the level of empowerment, challenges and perceived barriers using purposive sampling technique. The study was performed in 1st and 2nd semester nursing students in 3rd and 4th year of College of Nursing AFMC. The study demonstrated no low level of empowerment while 5.83 percent were moderately empowered and 96.16 percent students were highly empowered, which is inconsistent with other studies, majority of which showed moderate level of empowerment. The reason behind high level of student empowerment can be that it was conducted in Category A, NAAC-accredited premier nursing institute. As the study showed high level of empowerment, further research is needed on a larger scale to assess level of empowerment and challenges faced in order to develop measures and strategies to enhance the level of empowerment among nurses. Such students show job satisfaction, productivity and high standards of nursing care.

Measuring women's empowerment: Rural-urban comparison in the Ecuadorian Andes

The research aimed to analyze the levels of female empowerment by comparing rural and urban parishes in the Canton of Latacunga, which is part of the province of Cotopaxi in the Ecuadorian Andes. The methodology proposed by Hernández & García (2008) was applied to a sample of 384 women over 15 years of age, of whom 151 reside in rural areas and 233 in urban areas. The instrument was composed of two parts: the initial one associated with questions on socio-demographic components, and the second with 34 reactive ones on the perception of empowerment, with four possible answers on a Likert-type scale. The levels of empowerment were analyzed in both, urban and rural areas, validating the possible existence of statistically significant differences. In addition, the factor analysis methodology was used to group the approaches into dimensions. It was possible to validate the idea of a higher level of empowerment in the urban area (96.67) compared to the rural sector (93.46). However, in both cases they are medium, with a statistically significant difference of 1%. Secondly, the results related to the factors into which the empowerment reagents could be grouped allowed for extracting of seven dimensions associated with security, self-esteem, boldness, equality, independence, external influences, and leadership. These factors presented different behaviors between both study areas, being superior in the urban environment – except for boldness, which was greater in the rural area, and external influences, which presented similar values. External influences score low, security and independence are in the middle ranges, while social value, equality and leadership are at the upper end of the proposed scales. Therefore, women consider that their work and effort are recognized socially or, at least, by their families.

Measuring Women Empowerment in Aquaculture – An Empirical Study

Development of index or tool for measuring social parameters has been a key area of research. This research was carried out during the year 2021 for the measurement and quantification of several variables warrants availability of valid tools. In aquaculture sector, gender mainstreaming efforts has been undertaken by several stakeholders. However, measuring the level of empowerment as a consequence of interventions could not be done in absence of such tools. The article describes the process of development of Women Empowerment in Aquaculture Index (WEAI) - selection of domains, assessing content validity through expert rating, screening of the domains using ‘t’ value and assigning relative weights. The instrument, so developed, has 30 items under 6 domains (access to and control over resources and services, ability to decide independently, attitude towards aquaculture, control over use of income, knowledge on aquaculture, participation in social and economic activities). Using the index, comparison was made between three women SHGs from Odisha with level of empowerment varying between 69-80 per cent.

Administration of the marital society protective factor empowerment against violence against women

Marital violence is understood as a phenomenon that belongs to the private sphere and public importance is diminished. However, the state is responsible for safeguarding the rights of its citizens and the government is responsible for creating public policies that protect them. At the international level, the empowerment of women is a recognized tool to counteract any type of violence. Unfortunately, the literature shows conflicting results on the true effect of empowerment on spousal violence experienced by women. This research seeks to provide elements on the subject, from previously carried out studies. The main argument is that each woman is at a different level of empowerment and each of these has a different effect on the chances of violence that she may face. The results show that the relationship between both variables is not linear, that is, empowerment does not cause a constant increase or decrease in violence, but rather a more complex relationship. It is hoped that the creation of knowledge about the relationship between empowerment and violence can contribute to the formulation of public policies and more appropriate programs that seek to combat marital violence.

Empowering Women in Aquaculture- Evidences from Jagatsinghpur, Odisha

Empowerment levels of women involved in aquaculture-related vocations were measured using the Women Empowerment in Aquaculture Index (WEAI) in Jagatsinghpur, Odisha during 2022-23. Ninety-eight women belonging to 9 randomly chosen women self-help groups were studied using a structured interview schedule. Regression analysis indicated that 53.9 per cent variation in the women empowerment level was attributed to annual income, information source utilization, social participation, participation in extension activity, training, and innovativeness. The empowerment level of 9 SHGs varied from 61- 95 per cent, with considerable differences between the domains- access to and control over resources and services, participation in social and economic activities, ability to make independent decisions, control over income usage, knowledge on aquaculture, and attitude towards aquaculture. Non-availability of bigger size fingerlings, lack of financial support from Govt. organizations, and lack of knowledge regarding recommended practices were among the constraints that limit women’s participation in aquaculture.

Access to Land and Empowerment of Women Organic Cashew Producers in the Collines Department of Benin: Technical Support from Support Institutions

The purpose of this study is to determine the moderating role of technical support institutions in the economic empowerment of women engaged in organic cashew production who are beneficiaries of land in the Collines department of Benin. Socioeconomic Characteristics of the respondents were, collected randomly from 227 women involved in the CRADIB NGO project. The 5DE index and Fractional Regression Model technique were employed to assess the level of economic empowerment and its effects on the living conditions of the respondents. The results reveal that women engaged in cashew production in the Collines department are economically empowered to the extent of 23.74%. However, 10% of women who benefited from institutional support for land access achieved the threshold of empowerment, whereas nearly 46% of women who obtained land through inheritance have achieved empowerment. Furthermore, the primary factors limiting the economic empowerment of women cashew producers are the right to make decisions regarding household earnings, ownership of productive assets, and the ability to access and control agricultural credit. To guide economic policies, it is recommended that public policies focus on raising awareness in rural communities about women’s rights on one hand, and institutions involved in facilitating women’s access to land should consider the size of the land allocated as well as agricultural crop diversification.

Practitioner-led, peer-group sports intervention combined with a context-focused intervention for children with cerebral palsy: a protocol of a feasibility randomised clinical trial

BackgroundThere is a need to investigate relevant, acceptable and feasible approaches that promote participation in leisure-time physical activity for children with cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this study is...

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INDICATORS OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: EVIDENCE FROM NATIONAL FAMILY HEALTH SURVEY (2015-2021)

Empowerment of women forms an important part of a developmental process of a country. The meaning of Women empowerment lies in the ability of a woman to control her destiny. The present study focuses on the EAG (Empowered Action Group) states i.e. Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand because these states have more than 40% of the total population in India and are also backward in social, economic, demographic status. Data for the EAG states from NFHS-4 and NFHS-5 was used for the analysis. We studied the level of women empowerment in these states through some indicators under broad components of evidence, sources, and settings of women empowerment from NFHS-4 to NFHS-5. Some indicators such as decision-making, family planning (evidence), employment, educational status (sources), gender-based violence, and marriage before age 18 (settings) have shown an improvement over previously conducted surveys (NFHS 4). While indicators such as the use of bank accounts, mobile phones, and maintenance of menstrual hygiene(sources) posted a considerably higher increase.

The Local Government’s Strategy Optimizing Extension Worker Role for Smallholder Empowerment

The study objectives were to analyze 1. The level of the extension worker’s role. 2. The level of smallholder empowerment 3. Effect of the extension worker role on smallholder’s empowerment. 4. Formulating strategies to optimize the extension worker’s roles. The study was designed as a survey method, population is 568 farmers in four villages that carry out smallholder empowerment programs. Using a purposive sample, farmers who own land ≤ 20,000 square meters. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM). The study results showed that 1. The level of extension worker role in smallholder empowerment programs is in a low category. 2. The level of the smallholder’s empowerment is in a low category. 3. There are two aspects of the role of extension workers effect on smallholder empowerment namely accessing information-learning and credibility-competency of extension workers. However, there is no effect of dialogic communication on smallholder empowerment 4. The local government strategies for optimizing extension worker roles through enhancing two aspects, 1. Institutional support of BPPT through providing training and disseminating innovation-technology. 2. Local government policy support to increase the capacity of extension workers through formal and informal education, providing incentives, rewarding, and preparing facilities.

Care self-efficacy in adolescents with mental disorders: A qualitative study.

The promotion of health in adolescents with mental disorders depends on their levels of self-care empowerment. Self-efficacy is a significant prerequisite for successful self-management and behavior change in adolescents with mental disorders. The present study was conducted to explain the concept of care self-efficacy in adolescents with mental disorders. This qualitative study was carried out using the conventional content analysis approach. Semi-structured interviews (n = 34) were conducted with adolescents having mental disorders, their families, and healthcare providers. The participants were selected from neurology and psychiatry clinics affiliated with University of Medical Sciences using the purposeful sampling method in 2021. Data were analyzed according to Graneheim and Lundman method. According to the findings of content analysis, four main themes were derived from the data: "health information-seeking behavior," "adaptation of life to the disease and treatment conditions," "adaptive coping," and "social self-care." Based on the findings, the promotion of adaptive styles and social support is effective in acquiring social competencies. As a result, policymakers are suggested to design health-oriented educational programs based on care self-efficacy principles to promote health in adolescents with mental disorders.

Measuring Dimensions of Women Empowerment in North-West Region of Bangladesh: A Case Study

The current study was aimed to measure the different dimensions of women empowerment and identify the factors affecting women empowerment in the North-West Bangladesh. To conduct the study, 537 female respondents who had at least one biological child aged between 6 to 59 months were selected purposively from eight districts of North-West region of Bangladesh using stratified random sampling technique. To identify the factors which influence different dimensions of women empowerment, binomial logistic regression model was used. Descriptive result showed that the overall women empowerment are 13%, where the dimension wise empowerment are (self-esteem – 36%, access to and control over resources – 24%, attitude and behaviour of husband – 48%, decisions related to household – 19%, and mobility– 12%). The factors which significantly influence different dimensions of women empowerment were exposure to media, attitude and behaviour of husband, mother’s employment, spousal age difference, mother’s education, wealth index, family religion, public speaking power, participation in community events, household size and ownership in tangible resources. The result showed that education plays a significant role to improve the level of empowerment of female respondents of NW Bangladesh. When level of education of mothers increased, the self-esteem and access to and control over resources also improved. The study concluded that as the level of empowerment of women living in the NW region are comparatively low in the context of Bangladesh, therefore to increase their empowerment, the study recommended for underlining on quality education for the respondents especially urban and peri-urban areas to move out from poverty.

Strategy analysis of social capital and intellectual capital in increasing empowerment of rice farmer groups in Kuok district Kampar Regency

Social capital and intellectual capital become the determining factors in increasing the empowerment of farmer groups, including farmers' groups for rice commodities. Rice is the main commodity in Kuok District with the largest planted area, harvested area, and total production in 2020. The objectives of this study are; 1) Identify the forms of social and intellectual capital in farmer groups, and 2). Formulate social and intellectual capital strategies in increasing the empowerment of farmer groups. The research was conducted in Kuok District, Riau Province. Respondents were determined by purposive sampling consisting of a rice farmer who became the chairman, and two members who were actively involved in group activities. The data analysis used is the Likert scale analysis, and Analytical Hierarchy Process. The results showed; The condition of social capital of rice farmer groups in Kuok District is at a moderate level with an intensity of 50.97 percent, whereas the same category is also found in intellectual capital with an intensity level of 51.93 percent. The level of empowerment of rice farmer groups in Kuok District is included in the "powerless" category with an intensity level of 35.15 percent. The strategy to increase empowerment through social capital and intellectual capital which is carried out in farmer groups is carried out with the main priority being directed to a pilot project that is managed by 1 (one) farmer group as a pilot accompanied by extension workers and other related institutions and can then be adopted by farmer groups other.

Women labour migrant returnees and their changing roles in Nepal

This paper examines how the women foreign labour migrant looking at shifts in gender roles after returning to the home from the standpoint of family structure, public roles and factors to bring changes. It also explores how returnee women are perceived in society. Chautara and Duwachaur villages of Sindhupalchowk district were selected as the studied area. Data were collected fromforty female who have returned from foreign labor. Informations were collected from household survey, Interviews and Key informant Interview methords. Drastically change in the means of communication and its accessibility, higher level of income and economic empowerment are the key for shifting in gender role. It has not been a drastic difference between women roles after returning from abroad. Thus, family structure and ethnicity of the migrant family are key determinant factors for the changing role. In nuclear family gender roles was seen a significant change in comparison to joint families. Women of ethnic groups enjoy relatively more social freedom compared to women of higher-caste groups such as Brahmins and Chhetri. The major challenge for returnee women migration is the image of creating female workers as “victims’’ and deeply rooted in the socio-economic structures of Nepal.

Does women empowerment affect in Timing of Antenatal Care Initiation in Nepal?

Background: Many pregnant women who are in their first trimester of pregnancy are still being left behind and do not attend antenatal care (ANC) visits on time, which is unfortunately a dreadful condition. This paper explores the dimensions of women empowerment and their relationship to the timely initiation of ANC.
 Methods: The study is based on the 2016 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Currently married women aged 15-49 years (n=1,973) who had live births 2 years before the survey were the main target population. The study used binary logistic regression to examine the causal relationship between women empowerment and the timing of ANC service.
 Results: The findings reveal that more than two-thirds of the respondents who had a live birth two years prior to the survey made their first antenatal visit during the first trimester. Eight out of 10 highly empowered women are more likely to visit in the first trimester than low empowered women. Furthermore, according to the study, the level of women empowerment affects the timing of ANC service. Furthermore, except for control over sexual relations, indicators-wise empowerment level indicates a positive impact on the timing of ANC services.
 Conclusions: Women, especially young women, should be empowered in order to meet the SDG target. There should not be any maternal deaths during pregnancy as well as childbirth and after birth.

서번트 리더십이 지식공유와 혁신업무행동에 미치는 영향

Innovation has been recognized as one of the main strategies for organizations to remain competitive in increasingly complex and dynamic environments. Employees’ innovative work behavior is the primary driver for organizational-wide innovation. Management and scholars have paid increasing attention to the role of humble leadership in innovation activities. The underlying mechanisms through which leader humility influences team innovation and outcomes, however, remain unclear. This study proposes and tests a moderated mediation model that examines the hypothesized positive influence of servant leadership on employee IWB via knowledge sharing as well as the moderating role of psychological empowerment in this process. we found that employees’ knowledge sharing mediate the relationship between servant leadership and IWB. Moreover, the relationship of knowledge sharing with innovative work behavior is moderated by psychological empowerment such that the relationship was stronger at the high level of psychological empowerment than that of the low levels of psychological empowerment. This study suggests that knowledge sharing and psychological empowerment are important factors that influence the relationship between servant leadership and innovative work behavior.

Developing Maqashid-Based Mosque Empowerment Index

This study aims to formulate a Maqashid Syariah-based mosque empowerment index formula as a measuring tool for the level of mosque empowerment. The data analysis technique uses the Analytical Network Process (ANP) with Super Decision 2.10 software to construct the index model structure. The results of this study produce an index of mosque empowerment which is composed of 6 criteria, namely elements of Maqashid Syariah; protecting religion, soul, intellect, lineage, wealth and environment. The results of the weighting of the criteria indicate that maintaining religion is the main criterion with a weighted value of 0.209. Each of these criteria consists of 5 indicators. Of all indicators, environmental safety is the top priority with a weighted value of 0.056. The results of the calculation of the formula in the three model mosques showed different results. The Andalusia Mosque occupies the top position with a value of 0.96 which is categorized as a very empowered mosque. Then the Ar-Rahman mosque with a value of 0.69 which is categorized as an empowered mosque. Finally, the Al-Muhaajirin mosque with a value of 0.57 so that is included in the category of the mosque that is quite empowered and can be prioritized for assistance.