Emotional Freedom Techniques Research Articles

The Effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques for Depressive Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) have gained attention as a potential therapy for reducing depressive symptoms. However, the evidence remains inconsistent. This meta-analysis aims to assess the overall efficacy of EFT in treating depressive symptoms and explore moderators influencing its effectiveness. Methods: A meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted, with depressive symptom reduction as the primary outcome. Meta-regression explored moderators such as the EFT format, duration, age, and depression severity. Results: The analysis showed a significant overall effect size of 1.268 for EFT in reducing depressive symptoms. A moderator analysis revealed that group-based EFT interventions were more effective than individual ones, and participants with moderate depression experienced the greatest benefits. Additionally, shorter interventions were found to be highly effective. Conclusions: EFT effectively reduces depressive symptoms, particularly in group settings and for those with moderate depression. Shorter, well-structured interventions may enhance treatment efficiency. Further studies should explore long-term effects and broader applications.

A randomized clinical trial of emotional freedom techniques for chronic pain: Live versus self-paced delivery with 6-month follow-up.

Chronic pain represents a major global healthcare crisis, and current treatments are limited in effectiveness and safety. Emotional freedom techniques (EFTs) show promise as a potential psychological treatment. The current study investigated the effect of a randomized clinical trial of EFT for chronic pain in a sample of 147 adult chronic pain sufferers (89.9% female; mean 54.63 years). Participants engaged in a 6-week EFT programme (either online self-paced or in-person). The per-protocol analysis indicated pain severity and interference scores were significantly lower at the end of treatment for the EFT group compared to waitlist, and these were sustained at follow-up. There were no differences between the in-person or self-paced programmes at follow-up for pain severity and interference. Somatic symptoms were significantly lower after EFT, although no further differences at follow-up. Quality of life scores were significantly higher after EFT, which were sustained at follow-up, and no differences between two styles of programme. No significant effects were found for anxiety, depression, happiness or satisfaction with life across the 6-week programmes for either style of delivery or at follow-up. These are discussed in terms of clinical score meanings. Intent-to-treat analysis was consistent with the per-protocol analyses. Limitations of the study are identified and future directions are discussed. Findings offer early promise for EFT as a potentially effective pain management strategy, as well as support for online intervention without compromising treatment outcomes. An emerging body-based intervention for chronic pain may be a possible solution for remote clients who cannot attend in-person sessions. In this clinical trial Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) significantly reduced chronic pain severity and interference, and there were no differences between and online self-paced program toan online in-person EFT intervention. Both were equally effective, also enhancing quality of life without compromising outcomes. The results were significant at 6-month follow-up/. These findings highlight a body-based approach as a promising, accessible pain management strategy, and highlights that online programs may be part of the solution for chronic pain patients.

Interventions reduce burnout among nurses and improve patients’ safety: Systematic review

Background: There is conflicting data regarding the kinds, amounts, lengths, and methods of burnout therapies, as well as how clinical nurses rate their own burnout. The purpose of this study was to assess clinical nurses' burnout interventions. Method: This study examines the benefits of burnout reduction strategies for clinical nurses through a comprehensive review. We followed the PRISMA guidelines' suggestions. In order to obtain results that appropriately represented the effects of burnout therapies, we selectively included research published between 2019 and 2024. A work written entirely in English. Search engines from the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus were used. Result: Six studies were considered in this systematic review, of which two were interventional studies and four were randomized controlled trials. There were studies done in China, Turkey, Iran, Spain, and Saudi Arabia. A workshop on burnout prevention, stress-coping and cognitive behavioral therapy, emotional freedom strategies, emotional regulation training, and a mindfulness training program are some of the interventions that are used. Among the burnout metrics employed were Pines & Aronson, MBI, and ProQoL. There were 337 nurses in all in the interventional groups and 324 in the control groups. Conclusion: Burnout was successfully decreased by a mindfulness training program, emotional freedom techniques, emotional regulation training, stress-coping and cognitive behavioral therapy, and a burnout prevention course.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Anxiety Among Wives of Alcoholics

ABSTRACT Background: Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that is typically associated with uneasiness, fear, or worry. It is a normal human emotion that everyone experiences at times many people feel anxious or nervous, when faced with a problem at work, before making an important decision. Anxiety in extreme form, may cause distress which interferes with a person’s ability to lead a normal life. Aims: This Study aims is to assess the effectiveness of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Anxiety Among Wives of Alcoholics Method: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent research design with a nonprobability sampling technique was used to conduct a study among 30 wives of alcoholic patients. A generalized anxiety disorder scale (7-point scale) was used to assess the level of anxiety among alcoholic wives. Confidentiality was maintained throughout the research. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Result: The result shows that in the pretest, 70 (70%) had no anxiety, 12 (12%) had mild anxiety, and 18 (18%) had moderate anxiety whereas in the post-test, 85 (85%) had no anxiety, 13 (13%) had mild anxiety, and 2 (2%) had moderate anxiety among wives of alcoholics. Conclusion: This study revealed that among wives of alcoholics, a significant proportion had anxiety about the alcoholic spouse by Emotional freedom techniques.

Acupressure in Psychotherapy as an Unsinkable Rubber Duck: A reply to.

In a recent publication entitled "Integrating the Manual Stimulation of Acupuncture Points Into Psychotherapy: A Systematic Review with Clinical Recommendations," appearing in this journal, Feinstein (2023) aims to aggregate the evidence on Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) across the "hierarchy of evidence." EFT is based on the premise that tapping facilitates alterations in "energy meridians" and that these alterations reduce psychological symptoms or disorders. This commentary addresses several concerns with the Feinstein (2023) review including the pseudoscientific concept of energy meridians, the lack of evidence that tapping on acupressure points is the active ingredient that resolves psychological disorders, serious methodological flaws with EFT research, and the incompatibility of EFT with the ethical practice of psychology. Thus, we disagree with Feinstein's (2023) conclusion that "The body of research on acupoint tapping that has emerged over the past two decades and the increasing quality of the study designs appears promising" (p. 61) and instead argue that EFT represents a pseudoscientific, "unsinkable rubber duck" (i.e., a belief that people continue to hold despite evidence to the contrary).

Energy psychology for social anxiety and erythrophobia: A case study

Background: The intense fear of blushing in public (erythrophobia) is part of the spectrum of social anxiety that affects between 3% and 13% of the population. This phobia can be very debilitating for those who suffer from it. It may stem from a difficult childhood marked by educational attitudes based on shame and humiliation as well as repeated traumatic experiences. Object: The aim here is to explain in detail how the energy psychology techniques Clinical EFT (the manualized form of Emotional Freedom Techniques) and Energetic Memory Reconsolidation Therapy function in practice, as applied to “Jeanne,” a young woman suffering from social anxiety and erythrophobia following a chaotic start in life. Method and setting: The therapeutic plan was drawn up on the theoretical basis of the scientific literature on energy psychology, which has produced convincing results in the treatment of trauma and anxiety. The therapy was threefold: (a) learning to manage anxiety autonomously using Clinical EFT, (b) trauma treatment using Energetic Memory Reconsolidation Therapy, and (c) psycho-education. Jeanne had a total of 15 sessions, two of which are detailed here to illustrate the work. At the start of each session, the SUD (Subjective Units of Distress) scale was used to rate the level of blushing anxiety (the scale ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 being no distress and 10 being the most imaginable). Results: The level of anxiety decreased from 9/10 to 3/10 between the first and last sessions. In addition, the number of problem situations encountered (blushing having generated negative emotions) dropped from 5 per week to 0 per week between the beginning and end of therapy. Jeanne’s goal of not blushing at her wedding was achieved. She was able to experience the event without worrying about or even thinking about the anxiety. Conclusion: Psychotherapy based on energy techniques enabled me to treat Jeanne’s social anxiety and erythrophobia in depth by targeting the sources while giving her access to an emotional regulation tool to use independently: Clinical EFT. Keywords: erythrophobia, fear of blushing, social anxiety, Emotional Freedom Techniques, Clinical EFT, Memory Reconsolidation, Matrix Reimprinting

Analysing the Spiritual Effects of Emotional Freedom Technology (SEFT) in Building Psychological Well-being: Systematic Literature Review

Spiritual emotional freedom techniques (SEFT) influence psychological well-being because psychological well-being is an individual's ability to prosper with all one's abilities and weaknesses cope with life's stresses, can work productively and fruitfully. The method used is a systematic literature review by collecting various literature, namely Scopus, and PubMed. Using SEFT keywords; psychological well-being, effects. The results of several studies indicate that there is an influence of SEFT in developing psychological well-being. SEFT is carried out with the power of prayer and tapping at several points will influence the level of stress. SEFT therapy can be applied in the field of clinical practice to support patient care.

The effect of emotional freedom techniques on test anxiety in Iranian Paramedical students: a randomized controlled trial study.

Based on evidences, there has been no study conducted on the effects of emotional freedom techniques on Iranian medical students. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the impact of emotional freedom techniques on examination anxiety in Iranian nursing and allied students. This randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted in 2021. The sample included students from the School of Nursing and Midwifery and the School of Paramedical Sciences enroled from the second to eighth semesters. Based on inclusion criteria, 30 students were assigned to each group. The test anxiety questionnaire was utilized to assess the test anxiety of students. The educational sessions in the intervention group were structured according to the Church's educational package and were delivered in six non-face-to-face (online) sessions, each lasting 45 min, once a week. In the control group, no intervention was implemented. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics software version 24 (IBM SPSS Statistics). The mean age of students in the intervention and control groups were 25.22±1.85 and 22.80±1.80 years, respectively. After the intervention, the mean examination anxiety in the experimental group (50.88) significantly decreased to within the moderate range (25-75), compared to the mean examination anxiety in the control group (65.36) within the same range (P<0.001). Furthermore, the ANCOVA analysis indicated that the group and examination anxiety before the intervention were statistically significant. This positive impact on test anxiety is particularly promising for medical sciences students, who often endure heightened stress levels due to the rigorous nature of their studies and the demands of their profession.

The effect of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on anxiety and caregiver burden of family caregivers of patients with heart failure: A quasi-experimental study.

Family members are at the forefront of providing care to patients with chronic illnesses, such as heart failure (HF). Since patient caregiving can affect the mental and physical health of family caregivers, the implementation and training of new psychological interventions by nurses are considered important and necessary for family caregivers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of emotional freedom techniques (EFTs) on anxiety and caregiver burden of family caregivers of patients with HF. This study was a quasi-experimental study, in which 91 family caregivers participated. The family caregivers were assigned into two groups of intervention (n = 46) and control (n = 45). Data were collected using a demographic information form, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) developed by Novak and Guest. The intervention group underwent EFT training within six sessions, while the control group received no training. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and absolute and relative frequency) and inferential statistical tests such as Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and independent t-tests were run, and the data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 software. The findings showed that the intervention group had a significant improvement in reducing anxiety (P > 0.001). In addition, EFT significantly reduced caregiver burden among family caregivers of HF patients (P > 0.001). EFT could significantly reduce anxiety and caregiver burden in family caregivers of patients with HF in our study. Therefore, nurses working in clinical settings are recommended to learn and use EFT to reduce the anxiety and caregiver burden of patients' family caregivers.

How to manage work-related stress in healthcare professionals: organizational and individual interventions.

IntroductionWorkplaces can be source of significant stress for employees, leading to a series of mental health problems, such as burnout syndrome. Healthcare professionals and other helping professions are especially vulnerable to work-related stress.ObjectivesThe aim of the present review is to assess available intervention aiming at improving work-related stress symptoms.MethodsWe conducted a thorough search of relevant articles on PubMed, APA PsycInfo, and Scopus databases, using specific keywords such as “occupational stress,” “stress,” “anxiety,” “depression,” “health personnel,” “health care facilities, manpower and services,” “prevention,” and “control.”Results Although significant methodological heterogeneity has been found among studies, regarding assessment tools, target population, and intervention types, we can still draw some satisfactory results. Healthcare professionals have access to various interventions to manage work-related stress symptoms, which can be classified into three categories: 1) individual cognitive-behavioral therapy approaches, 2) relaxation techniques at the individual level, and 3) organizational-level interventions. Mindfulness techniques, relaxation techniques, emotional freedom techniques, and integrated interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in alleviating work-related stress.ConclusionsTo prevent work-related stress among healthcare professionals, interventions should be targeted towards specific categories of healthcare workers based on factors such as age, tasks, and patient types. Well-structured and reliable randomized controlled trials focusing on the most promising interventions, such as mindfulness, need to be carried out in larger samples and with a solid methodology in order to confirm these evidences.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Feasibility of Emotional Freedom Techniques in Patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: a pilot study.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent mental health condition, and techniques using sensory stimulation in processing traumatic memories have gained attention. The Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) is a psychotherapy that combines tapping on acupoints with exposure to cognitive reframing. This pilot study aimed to assess the feasibility of EFT as a treatment for PTSD by answering the following research questions 1) What is the compliance and completion rate of patients with PTSD with regard to EFT protocol? Is the dropout rate reasonable? 2) Is the effect size of EFT protocol for PTSD sufficient to justify a future trial? Thirty participants diagnosed with PTSD were recruited. They received weekly EFT sessions for five weeks, in which they repeated a statement acknowledging the problem and accepting themselves while tapping the SI3 acupoint on the side of their hand. PTSD symptoms were evaluated using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) before and after the intervention. Of the 30 PTSD patients (mean age 34.1 ± 9.1, 80% female), 96.7% showed over 80% compliance to the EFT sessions, and 86.7% completed the entire study process. The mean PCL-5 total score decreased significantly after the intervention, with a large effect size (change from baseline -14.33 [95% CI -19.79, -8.86], p < 0.0001, d = 1.06). The study suggests that EFT is a feasible treatment for PTSD, with high session compliance and low dropout rates. The effect size observed in this study supports the need for a larger trial in the future to further investigate EFT as a treatment for PTSD. However, the lack of a control group and the use of a self-rated questionnaire for PTSD symptoms are limitations of this study. The findings of this pilot study can be used to plan a future trial.

The Effects of Emotional Freedom Techniques Implemented During Early Pregnancy on Nausea-Vomiting Severity and Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: This randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on the severity of nausea-vomiting and anxiety in early pregnancy. Design: The sample consisted of 131 pregnant women in the experimental and control groups between 6 and 16 weeks of pregnancy attending an antenatal clinic. Participants were randomly assigned to receive training on EFT or a control group. Data were collected using a personal information form, subjective experiences, the Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire, and the Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis. Both groups attended two visits, a week apart. The participants in the EFT group received a session of EFT at each visit and completed two EFT sessions as home assignments, 2 and 4 days after the first visit. The participants in the control group attended two visits a week apart and completed assessments but did not receive EFT. Results: There were 55 women in each group who completed the study, and the groups were similar in terms of baseline measures, including socioeconomic status, smoking status, previous pregnancy, severity of nausea-vomiting, and total pregnancy-related anxiety. EFT significantly reduced anxiety levels from the baseline to the second session (fear of delivery, worries about bearing a handicapped child, concern about one's own appearance) and total pregnancy-related anxiety (total pretest 29.85 ± 9.87, post-test 20.67 ± 8.38; p < 0.001), while the control group showed no reduction in pregnancy-related anxiety (total pretest 26.1 ± 7.79, post-test 25.98 ± 8.49; p = 0.933). Although nausea-vomiting was reduced in both groups over the two-session period, at the end of treatment, the EFT group had significantly lower nausea intensity (EFT group 4.4 ± 1.81, control group 5.36 ± 2.48; p = 0.02). Conclusions: EFT is a nonpharmacologic intervention that can be effective in reducing nausea, vomiting, and anxiety in early pregnancy. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT05337852.

Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) Tapping for Pediatric Emergency Department Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of a Pilot Intervention.

Emergency-department (ED) staff may experience psychologic distress due to the stressful nature of their work. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this distress. Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) tapping, a somatic psychophysiologic intervention combining vibratory acupressure with elements of cognitive-behavioral and exposure therapies, can reduce psychologic distress. This study tested the short-term effect of 10-minute EFT tapping on the psychologic distress of pediatric ED staff responding to COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, diverse staff in the pediatric ED of a New York City teaching hospital participated in this single-group study. A licensed creative arts therapist led participants in 10-minute EFT tapping sessions. A self-report questionnaire with 7 items based on the Trauma Exposure Response framework was administered immediately pre- and postintervention. Standardized mean differences between both timepoints were calculated. There were statistically significant reductions for 6 of the 7 items studied, including stress (3.32-2.14), obsessive and intrusive thoughts (2.50-1.85), feelings of pressure (3.20-2.17), loneliness (1.84-1.44), and emotional and physical pain (2.28-1.70); all P < 0.001. No significant changes in professional satisfaction were reported following the intervention. Despite the limitations of a single-arm study design, a 10-minute brief EFT tapping session was a promising way to reduce short-term psychologic distress in pediatric ED health care workers. Future studies, including rigorous randomized controlled trials, are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of brief EFT tapping interventions in other settings.

Commentary: Emotional freedom techniques for treating post traumatic stress disorder: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Commentary: Emotional freedom techniques for treating post traumatic stress disorder: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Emotional Freedom Techniques for Postpartum Depression, Perceived Stress, and Anxiety

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of an Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) group intervention on perceived stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms in women in the postpartum period. DesignA one-group pre- and posttest quasi-experimental design. Setting/Local ProblemPostpartum depression (PPD) and anxiety affect nearly one in five women in the first 12 months after childbirth. The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with a significant worsening of symptoms of PPD, stress, and anxiety in this population. Mental health screening is the standard of care in perinatal settings. This practice has led to an increased rate of PPD and anxiety diagnoses and the need for evidence-based nonpharmacologic interventions to support mothers with PPD and anxiety. ParticipantsEleven mothers seeking care for lactation concerns who screened positive for PPD and anxiety symptoms. Intervention/MeasurementsA total of eight 1-hour group EFT sessions were offered to participants over a period of 4 weeks. During the group sessions, participants were taught how to perform the steps of EFT and apply it in a supportive group format. Measurement tools included the Subjective Unit of Distress Scale, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7. The preintervention and postintervention scores of these tools were compared using a paired-samples t test. ResultsAfter implementing EFT as a group intervention, we observed a reduction in mental health burden experienced by women in the postpartum period. There was a statistically significant decrease in depression (p = .003), anxiety (p <.001), and perceived stress (p <.001) scores 1 month after the EFT intervention. ConclusionThese findings suggest that EFT may be a viable adjunctive intervention for managing depression, anxiety, and stress in the postpartum period. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is needed to confirm these findings.

The Effect of Emotional Freedom Techniques on Sleep Quality, Sleepiness and Quality of Life of Older Adults in Adult Day-Care Center

Background: Various physical and mental problems and diseases may develop with aging. Poor sleep quality is the third most common major problem in older adults, affecting all aspects of life. Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) can be used to treat the disease in older adults. Objectives: This interventional study attempted to investigate the effect of EFT on sleep quality, sleepiness, and quality of life of older adults. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. The selection of the participants was based on the convenience sampling method. Twenty-one people participated in the study and were divided into two groups of interventions. The study was conducted in the adult day-care center. In one group, 11 people and in the other group, 10 people were included. First, an educational session regarding sleep hygiene was held. Then, the EFT was administered for 4 weeks, 2 sessions per week, and each session lasted for 30 - 45 minutes in the intervention group by the student (first author); sleep hygiene training was also provided for the second group. Study measures included the PSQI (Pittsburgh sleep quality index), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Quality-of-Life Scale. Follow-ups were performed after the intervention and one month later. The statistical tests used were repeated measures and chi-Square tests. A P-value &lt; 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The trend of changes in sleep quality (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively) and sleepiness (P = 0.023, P = 0.001, respectively) was incremental and significant before and after the intervention and one month later in each of the groups, but results show that there was no significant interaction effect for any subscale, including subjective sleep quality (P = 0.786), sleepiness (P = 0.568), and quality of life (P = 0.289). Conclusions: According to the results, the EFT was effective on sleep quality, sleepiness, and quality of life of older adults in the adult day-care center, and sleep hygiene was influential.

Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy and Emotional Freedom Techniques to Improve the Quality of Life of Patients with Breast Cancer: A Review of the Literature

Health-related quality of life (QOL) has been a major concern for both breast cancer survivors and patients seeking treatment. Studies were done to address this issue; however, not much is known about the benefits of the Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy-Emotional Freedom Technique (AH-EFT). The study's objective is to evaluate the therapy's efficacy in breast cancer patients. The Adjuvant Hormonal Treatment-Emotional Freedom Method was examined in the current study using a review of the literature (AH-EFT). The finding indicates that integrating this therapy with conventional treatment improves the patient's quality of life during these times. Nurses working in the cancer ward are advised to use this therapy for clinical improvement. Future studies are required to evaluate the intervention with different populations and dosages or durations.

Everything smells like poo, landfill, and rotten food”: A retrospective case report using Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) for parosmia following COVID-19

Abstract: Parosmia is a disorder of scent that has affected millions of people worldwide following their recovery from COVID-19. Parosmia post COVID-19 can be long-term and has a negative impact on quality of life. Despite this there is limited evidence for effective treatment strategies. This retrospective case report details the use of Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) to address parosmia following COVID-19 with a single client over three sessions. The sessions addressed specific food, drink, and odors that were having a major negative impact on the client’s quality of life, psychological well-being, physical health, weight, and relationships. By the end of the three sessions, the client was able to tolerate certain scents and eat foods that the client selected to tap on. The client’s quality of life improved to the point where she was able to eat, go out to restaurants, socialize, and ultimately return to work. Whether EFT can be successfully applied to other people experiencing parosmia following COVID-19 or parosmia caused by other conditions is not clear and requires further research. Keywords: parosmia, sense of smell, COVID-19, Clinical Emotional Freedom Techniques, EFT

The Effect of Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) on Pain Intensity of Advanced Breast Cancer Patients in X Hospital Tangerang.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of spiritual emotional freedom techniques (SEFTs) on pain intensity of advanced breast cancer patients. The study used a quasi-experiment design with one pre-posttest group. The sample was selected using a consecutive sampling technique with total of 45 respondents. The respondents were given SEFT intervention for 3 (three) days using set-up, tune-in, and tapping techniques. The evaluation was carried out on the third day after the intervention by measuring the pain intensity using Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). This research used Wilcoxon and ordinal logistic regression for data analysis. The results showed a difference in pain intensity before and after SEFT intervention in patients with advanced breast cancer with a p-value of .001 (p < .05) with a change in intensity from severe to mild pain. This study's novelty is that SEFT intervention can be used as a nonpharmacological therapy for pain management in patients with advanced breast cancer. The limitations are only limited to measuring the patient's pain and less analysis related to the patient's emotional and spiritual problems. The application of SEFT intervention is recommended as a nurse's independent intervention in the management of advanced breast cancer pain.

The effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on depression of postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial

Objectives: Postmenopausal women are at greater risk of depression. Depression may negatively affect the quality of life of women. An emotional freedom technique (EFT) is an evidence-based therapy combining cognitive and exposure components with acupressure. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EFT on depression in postmenopausal women.