Institutional Elements Research Articles

Artificial Intelligence Tools for Preservation and Popularization of Cultural Heritage

The purpose of the study is to analyze the possibilities of using artificial intelligence tools for the preservation and popularization of cultural heritage, as well as to study their impact on the efficiency of cultural institutions, such as libraries, museums and archives. Research methods. The work uses an interdisciplinary approach, which includes: analysis of modern AI technologies, such as natural language processing (NLP), computer vision and deep learning algorithms, as well as a review of cases of using artificial intelligence in cultural institutions, in particular the HYPERION project. Scientific novelty. The work systematizes data on the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in cultural institutions for the first time, focusing on their impact on the preservation of digital resources. New aspects of the use of artificial intelligence have been identified, in particular for the automated creation of metadata, the restoration of damaged historical objects and the development of interactive exhibitions based on augmented and virtual reality. Conclusions. Artificial intelligence is becoming an integral element of modern cultural institutions. Its use contributes to the automation of cataloguing and digitization processes; increasing the accuracy of search systems and the relevance of results; creating innovative approaches to interacting with the audience through virtual tours and personalized recommendations. Despite significant advantages, it remains important to take into account ethical challenges, in particular ensuring the authenticity and confidentiality of data. The integration of AI into cultural heritage management has significant potential for its preservation and popularization, which makes culture accessible to a wider audience and ensures its adaptation to the needs of modern society.

Enlightenment: Defining the Goals of Modernity

Modernity is seen as a historical process that started with the Renaissance and took shape with the French Revolution. Modernity, which passed through historical turning points such as Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment, gained its own character in these periods. In this study, the Enlightenment period and its ideas, which are accepted as one of the most important periods of modernity and the modern world, are discussed. During the Enlightenment period, it was emphasized that the human mind should be purified from traditions and other old-fashioned features. It is no coincidence that one of the first concepts that comes to mind when modernity is mentioned is the rational mind. The fact that reason is the central and determining element and character of modern human life, modern institutions and society is related to the Enlightenment period. In this article, the Age of Enlightenment is discussed within the framework of its basic characteristics, the features it brought to modernity and its relationship with religion. In the article, the foregrounding of reason and the spread of rationalization to all areas of modernity are evaluated as an achievement of the Enlightenment period. This study, which was carried out with the literature review method of the qualitative research method, one of the research methods of social sciences, evaluated the Enlightenment as a turning point in which the goals of modernity were determined.

Dari Khong Kauw Hwee Ke MAKIN Boen Bio: Perjuangan Etnis Tionghoa di Surabaya Mempertahankan Eksistensi Agama Khonghucu Awal Abad XX sampai Awal Abad XXI

This study seeks to find answers to how Khong Kauw Hwee, who later changed his name to MAKIN Boen Bio, fought for the existence of the Confucian Religion. This study uses historical research methods. Source searches were carried out at the Boen Bio Library, the Medayu Agung Library in Surabaya, and the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia. Actualizing religious values through social and cultural activities is a strategic step to achieve support. An open attitude, prioritizing universal values and seriousness in supporting the achievement of integration is carried out not only for the benefit of Confucian religious communities but also to protect the position of ethnic Chinese in a pluralistic society. So in every social and cultural activity, Confucian religious communities under the MAKIN Boen Bio institution do not leave behind other elements of society, including non-Confucian and non-Chinese institutions.

Challenges And Solutions In Implementing Reading Policies In The Foundation Phase: A Multiple Case Study From The Lichtenburg Circuit, North West Province

This article aims to examine the policies guiding reading instruction and investigate how these policies are implemented in the FP to gain a deeper understanding of teachers’ experiences in this area. Implementing reading policies effectively in the FP is crucial for fostering early literacy skills, which form the foundation for lifelong learning. However, teachers often encounter various challenges that impact the successful application of these policies. This article explores the complexities associated with implementing reading policies within the FP, specifically focusing on the Lichtenburg Circuit in the North West Province. The Lichtenburg Circuit, a unique educational setting within the North West Province, provides a valuable multiple case study for examining these challenges and identifying effective solutions. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, the research focused on the perspectives of Subject Advisors, Principals, HoDs, and FP teachers in three primary schools within the Lichtenburg circuit. Thirteen participants were purposively selected, and data were collected through document analysis, observations, and interviews. Thematic analysis revealed that the CAPS is the primary policy used for reading instruction, yet it lacks explicit directives on teaching reading, leading to challenges in implementation and application by teachers. By investigating the experiences of English Home Language this article aims to uncover the specific difficulties teachers face and assess the support mechanisms available. The findings will offer insights into improving policy implementation and enhancing literacy outcomes for young learners. The objective of this article is to identify and analyze the key factors that influence teachers’ implementation of reading policies in the FP. This article aims to understand how various contextual, professional, and institutional elements shape teachers’ approach to applying reading policies in their classrooms. By examining these factors, the article seeks to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by teachers in translating policy into effective practice, ultimately contributing to the development of more supportive and practical strategies for improving reading outcomes in the FP. The purpose of this article is to investigate and evaluate the challenges and solutions in implementing reading policies, using the Lichtenburg Circuit in the North West Province as a multiple case study. The article also seeks to uncover the specific challenges that teachers encounter in implementing these policies and to analyze how these obstacles impact the effectiveness of reading instruction. The article aims to provide insights and recommendations for improving the implementation of reading policies to better support FP teachers.

The Growth Model of the Automotive Industry in Türkiye: An Input-Output Analysis via the Hypothetical Extraction Method

Purpose: The objective of this research was to ascertain if the portion of the automotive industry that engages in non-tradable goods or export goods is the principal driving force behind the industry's expansion. The purpose of this paper is to fill the gap by focusing on the automotive industry as its principal area of investigation. Methodology: Productivity growth in the automotive industry was estimated utilizing an innovative hypothetical extraction method (HEM) for both the non-tradable goods sector and the export goods sector. Following that, the weighted multipliers approach is employed to allocate the productivity across the non-tradable goods and export goods of the automotive industry. Findings: The findings indicate that the automotive industry maintains a strategy of development driven by exports. Production targeted for the domestic market is subject to significant limitations. Multinational automobile corporations tend to employ the strategy of exporting. The growth model of the automotive industry is significantly influenced by various institutional elements, including the Customs Union, taxes, and vertical integration. Originality: Although the automotive industry is an essential industry for exports, its growth model has not been comprehensively scrutinized. This study primarily focuses on investigating the growth model of the Turkish automotive industry and the institutional factors that influenced its strategic decisions.

Neither Employment nor Self‐Employment: Avenues Towards Functional Platform‐Mediated Work Systems

ABSTRACTDigital labour platforms are contested because they create work relationships that neither fall into the category of traditional employment nor fulfil the criteria of freelance work due to platforms’ heavy interference in the work process. Although existing research has elucidated different pathways for improving the working conditions of platform workers, we develop an employment relations perspective on platform‐mediated work systems building on David Marsden's theory of employment systems. On the basis of an assessment of the psychological, economic and legal contracts underlying platform‐mediated work, we discuss the limited functionality of these contracts in their ability to control opportunism among platforms, workers and clients. Our analysis contributes to existing debates by providing a theoretically informed framework for analysing the design of platform‐mediated work systems and their consequences for the participating parties. Our insights add nuance to the platform regulation debate by going beyond the question of worker classification towards understanding the organizational and institutional elements of the work system that need to be redesigned and supported by appropriate institutional safeguards. An employment systems perspective also allows for reflection on the economic, societal, sectoral and strategic conditions that could drive such changes.

Predictor of low academic achievement among Dilla university students, southern Ethiopia, 2024

IntroductionIn Ethiopia, despite its growing higher education sector, student achievement rates remain concerningly low. Understanding the multifaceted factors influencing academic performance is crucial for improving educational equity and quality. This study delves into potential predictors of academic achievement among Ethiopian higher education students, examining individual characteristics, institutional elements, and broader socioeconomic influences.MethodologyThis survey enrolled 362 respondents and was conducted from December 7, 2023 till January 22, 2024. Simple random sampling, validated assessment tools and online data collection methods were employed to select and collect information from respondents. Data entry and analysis was done using Epi-info 7.0 and SPSS 25, respectively. Logistic regression analysis method was used to determine the association between the outcome and independent variable.ResultThe current results show that 166 (45/9%) of participants have GPAs below 3.18. Gender, social sciences/humanities or business/economics majors, suboptimal class environments, inadequate laboratory facilities, chronic illness, class sizes, low emotional coping skills, poor academic self-perception, and high social media use emerged as significant predictors of low academic achievement.ConclusionThis study identified factors associated with academic achievement. Female students, optimal learning environments, and smaller class sizes were linked to better performance, while social sciences/humanities or business/economics, inadequate facilities, and high social media use increased the risk of low achievement. Personal characteristics like emotional coping, self-perception, and chronic illness also played a role. These findings suggest interventions targeting individual and environmental factors could improve student outcomes.

Review of Factors Affecting Tax Compliance And Tax Ratio Target Achievement

This article provides a comprehensive review of the factors influencing tax compliance and the achievement of targeted tax ratios, employing literature review and qualitative analysis approaches. The primary objective is to identify and analyze the determinants that affect taxpayers' compliance behavior and how these factors contribute to meeting the desired tax ratio targets set by governments. Tax compliance is crucial for ensuring sufficient public revenue, which supports economic development and public services. Achieving targeted tax ratios is essential for maintaining fiscal stability and promoting equitable economic growth. The study explores various factors, including economic, psychological, and institutional elements, that impact tax compliance. Economic factors such as income levels, tax rates, and perceived fairness of the tax system are examined alongside psychological factors such as taxpayer attitudes, trust in government, and perceived benefits of public spending. Institutional factors, including the efficiency of tax administration and the legal framework, are also considered. By synthesizing findings from existing literature, this article highlights the complex interplay of these factors and suggests strategies for policymakers to enhance tax compliance and achieve targeted tax ratios. The findings underscore the importance of a multifaceted approach that considers both taxpayer behavior and systemic reforms to improve tax systems' effectiveness.

Comparative analysis of factors and barriers intervening in research participation among romanian and international medical graduates from one romanian medical faculty across three generations

Abstract Objectives This study focuses on the factors that encouraged engagement in research activities, as well as the barriers that restricted their involvement, until the final year of study at Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Faculty of Medicine. The main objectives of this study are to investigate potential disparities in research culture and student engagement in various research opportunities between Romanian and international medical graduates, as well as to conduct an examination of the observed patterns across various graduating years (2021–2023). Materials and methods A cross-sectional investigation was conducted among graduate students of the Faculty of Medicine at the Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. From 2021 to 2023, all graduate students from the Romanian and international programs of the faculty were asked to participate in the study by filling out an anonymous online questionnaire. The final sample included 572 participants, of whom 392 were students from the Romanian section and 180 were students from international programs. Results Motivation and personal interest drive research engagement, according to over half of graduates. For over one-third of graduates, institutional elements like financial support and education also play a major role, as does the desire to enhance their curriculum vitae. More than 25% of graduates value community influence, 70% of graduates attended medical congresses, 12–15% presented papers at medical conferences, 23% wrote medical articles, 10–15% published at least one scientific paper in medical journals, and 20% participated in medical school research projects. Comparative analysis showed that Romanian students start research earlier, attend more medical conferences, present posters, collect data for studies, and are more interested in publishing graduation thesis data in scientific journals. To encourage international students to participate in research, the study found that colleagues’ examples were more important, and both time and funds were key barriers. The research also shows that 2022 and 2023 graduates will organize more scientific conferences. According to the study, 2022 graduates began their research earlier than others. Conclusions To increase student engagement in research activities, medical schools should prioritize the promotion of positive factors, minimize common barriers, offer customized support and resources, encourage collaborative research activities, and facilitate cross-cultural learning.

Access to Justice for Women: A Comparative Study between Subarnachar and Begumganj Upazila of Noakhali District

Access to justice is the first step towards justice in the current legal system and is recognized as a fundamental human right in both the Constitution of Bangladesh and several international conventions. Despite this recognition, many Bangladeshi citizens, particularly women, face significant barriers to accessing justice due to gender and other factors. Access to justice is an important human right, but women in rural areas often face significant challenges in exercising this right. This study compares women's access to justice in two upazilas of Noakhali district: Subarnachar and Begumganj. By examining the sociocultural, economic and institutional elements that influence women's ability to seek and pursue legal remedies, this study highlights the differences between the two regions. Data obtained through interviews, questionnaires and focus group discussions with women, lawyers and community leaders. The study shows that while both upazilas face challenges such as patriarchal norms, lack of legal awareness and limited access to legal representation, the intensity and nature of these challenges differ significantly between Subarnachar and Begumganj. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions that address the specific barriers faced by women in each upazila and promote equal access to justice. This study contributes to the broader discourse on gender and justice in Bangladesh and provides insights for policymakers, legal practitioners and civil society organizations working to reinforce the legal empowerment of women in rural areas.

Sociological Study of Deurbanization Through Sustainable Village Development in Indonesia

This study aimed to analyze deurbanization through sustainable village development from a sociological perspective. The study was conducted in Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. This area was selected because sustainable village development can change the number of "underdeveloped" and "very underdeveloped" villages into "developed" and "independent". A qualitative method was adopted to explore sustainable village development by referring to the village development index (IDM), namely social, economic, and environmental resilience. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with informants selected using purposive sampling. The data include elements of village government, community institutions, and society, such as community leaders, educators, religion, youth, traders, farmers, as well as representatives of women and poor groups. Observations were carried out at the study location while collecting documents related to regulations and reports on sustainable village development. The Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Software Program was used to analyze the data collected as well as write study reports. The results show that sustainable village development has led to the development of social, economic, and environmental resilience, which has an impact on deurbanization. Ruralization also occurred, where people living in the city moved to villages for economic, social, and cultural reasons, especially those who have kinship relations. In conclusion, private sector contributions can improve rural areas, because professional workers from cities move to villages to work in private companies, thereby supporting rural economic growth.

Sustainable Finance Implementation on Institutional Aspects in Indonesia and the European Union

Realizing sustainable finance practices towards a zero-carbon emission economy requires support and participation from all stakeholders, especially regulators from an institutional perspective. Sustainable finance is crucial in driving transformative economic growth towards sustainability. This study aims to scrutinizes the appropriate institutional elements that can bolster sustainable finance initiatives within Indonesia and the European Union (EU). Using the content analysis method, this research delves into various written media, regulations, laws, and documents. The study reveals that, from an institutional perspective, both the EU and Indonesia align their sustainable finance implementation with regulators' work plans, characterized by shared goals and objectives. However, technical complexities and evolving regulatory aspects pose challenges, stemming from the need to reconcile diverse political views and adapt to changing circumstances. The results indicate that while strong institutional frameworks and regulatory plans exist, practical implementation of sustainable finance faces hurdles. These include the need for clearer guidelines, enhanced inter-agency coordination, and more robust mechanisms to monitor and enforce compliance. Although sustainable finance initiatives in both regions show promise, continuous improvement and adaptation are essential to effectively contribute to a zero-carbon emission economy.

Debt-credit Flows and Stocks in a Supermultiplier Model with Two Autonomous Demand Components: Consequences for Growth

ABSTRACT Allain [2022. ‘A Supermultiplier Model with Two Non-Capacity-Generating Semi-autonomous Demand Components.’ Structural Change and Economic Dynamics 63: 91–103] raised the question of how two or more non-capacity-generating autonomous demand components growing at different rates may coexist in the supermultiplier, avoiding that one component absorbs all the others in the long-run steady-state. To date, the theoretical shortcut adopted in the literature has been to assume that, at least as long-term averages, the different components grow at the same rate or that institutional elements kick in to tackle this issue. Differently, we propose a solution that resorts to endogenous feedback effects and stock-flow consistent relations to solve such issues. More specifically, we build a simple supermultiplier model in which growth is driven by workers’ debt accumulation as well as rentiers’ consumption out of interest. We show that, according to specific conditions, there is a steady-state solution in which growth ultimately converges towards that of the fastest growing component, but the other does not disappear due to the presence of the mentioned endogenous stock-flow relations. This provides a way out of the two-component issue, with endogenous money creation surrounding this process of growth driven by credit provided to households.

Socio-Demographic Factors Driving the Choice of Alternative Safe Water Sources and Their Implications for Public Health: Lessons from Goalmari, Bangladesh

This study examined how socio-economic driving forces influence households’ choice of water, ranging from a piped water supply provided by Veolia to untreated sources contaminated with high levels of arsenic and pathogens. Households fall into three cluster groups based on variations in socio-economic status and physical, infrastructure, and institutional elements. About 64% of the variations are related to differences in awareness, willingness, and ability to pay for safe water sources. Families with higher monthly income showed interest in accepting Veolia’s house connection options, resulting in the shutdown of six community tap points and ultimately affecting the low-income households’ accessibility to Veolia water. A causal loop diagram showed five feedback loops influencing the choice of drinking contaminated water. Bayesian Network models were sensitive to the ability, accessibility, and willingness to pay for safe water, deep tube well distributions, installation and maintenance costs, ownership of tube wells, household income level, and the level of awareness. Results suggest that the risks of drinking contaminated water can be minimized by raising awareness; accepting arsenic removal techniques; sharing expenses; training for deep tube well installations and maintenance; increasing Veolia pipeline coverage; and redesigning the tap point distributions. These results help identify the relative importance of such interventions to improve water security in safe water-poor areas.

The social processes that emergency nurses use to achieve sustainability: A constructivist grounded theory.

To examine the experiences of emergency nurses and develop a substantive theory that describes the processes they use to support or prevent sustainability in their nursing practice. Constructivist grounded theory. Between February 2018 and January 2019, observations and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 emergency nurses. Data underwent constant comparison, and coding was performed in three phases: open, focused, and theoretical, employing constructivist grounded theory. Additionally, some situational analysis mapping was undertaken and integrated as a method to explore the broader context affecting nursing practice. The study achieved theoretical saturation and rigour was ensured through evaluations of credibility, transferability, and confirmability. A substantive grounded theory was constructed to describe the basic social process of 'Achieving Personal and Professional Sustainability' with subprocesses that included 'Driving forces', 'Developing and using armouries', 'Balancing work-life', and 'Making emergency work effective'. This theory delineates two phases, 'exploration and establishment' and 'maintenance', and two key properties: 'Constructing and evolving professional identity' and 'Perceiving and reshaping the meaning of effective work and care'. The theory also highlights the dynamic interplay of individual, social, and institutional elements. 'Achieving Personal and Professional Sustainability' is important for emergency nurses to sustain themselves personally and professionally in their work. This research has substantial and global impacts. Emergency nursing can use this information as a guide to better understand strategies for both personal and professional sustainability. Policymakers may use the findings to foster a supportive work environment and enhance nurse well-being. Implementation of recommendations can lead to improved patient care outcomes. The methodological approach offers potential for future research, positively impacting emergency nursing practice and workforce sustainability worldwide. Reporting adheres to EQUATOR's COREQ guidelines for qualitative studies. No patient or public contribution.

Students speak: Academic, career, and sociocultural experiences of African American college students

This manuscript presents the outcomes of a qualitative research investigation centered on the experiences of African American college students in terms of their preparation for high school, college, and careers within a Predominantly White Institution (PWI) situated in rural southeastern Wisconsin. At the time of this research, the comprehensive public university had an undergraduate enrollment of 10,196 students. Among these students, 82.1% self-identified as White, 7.8% as Hispanic or Latinx, 5.4% as African American, 3.2% as Asian or Southeast Asian, and 0.9% as American Indian or Alaskan Native. Using semi-structured interviews with willing student participants, the primary objectives of this study were twofold: (1) to recognize the sociocultural and institutional elements that influence the career trajectories of African American students attending the institution and (2) to effectively capture the educational and career viewpoints and voices of these students as they navigate the complex sociocultural and institutional landscape. Key findings from the research highlight the students’ perspectives on the substantial connections between their high school experiences, particularly those in and around a major urban center in the Midwest, and their subsequent college and career paths. Additionally, the study underscores the challenges these students encounter while navigating the physical and social spaces on a rural PWI campus. Recommendations are made for creating a more welcoming space for African American students and for supporting those engaged in the work.

A STUDY ON UNDERSTANDING THE STATE AND DIRECTION OF HR AS AN OCCUPATION THROUGH INSTITUTIONAL THEORY – THE CASE OF JAPAN 1.

Using institutional theory as a lens, this study explores how the field of human resources (HR) has changed in Japan. An understanding of the influences influencing the HR profession can be gained through an examination of institutional theory, which studies how routines, conventions, and institutions come to be recognized as authoritative standards for social behavior. This study aims to identify the institutional elements driving HR in Japan by looking at historical data, contemporary practices, and developing trends. The sociocultural, economic, and legal contexts that influence HR practices are explored in depth in this study. It draws attention to the ways that globalization, technology improvements, and demographic changes are posing a threat to long-standing Japanese work norms, such as lifelong employment and promotions based on seniority. By employing a blend of qualitative and quantitative techniques, such as conducting interviews with HR specialists, administering surveys, and examining secondary data, the study pinpoints the principal patterns and influences propelling transformations in HR positions and duties. Keywords: Institutional theory, sociocultural, HR practices, demographic changes, Japanese work norms.

Modeling Religious Coexistence: The Turkish and Tatar Muslim Communities in Romania’s Dobruja

The peaceful coexistence of different religions is crucial today, especially with the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Levant and the arrival of new refugees and immigrants with diverse faith traditions. In Romania, while immigrants may face challenges integrating into the predominantly Romanian Orthodox religious majority, the Dobrogean Model of Religious Pluralism is a pattern of inter-religious coexistence with the potential to clarify the critical factors needed to facilitate peaceful pluralism among religious groups. Utilizing Rogers Brubaker’s triadic-nexus configuration of national minorities, nationalizing states, and external national homelands alongside various qualitative methods, this paper will investigate the historical and institutional elements for promoting peaceful coexistence, particularly with an eye toward the Islamic minority in the Dobruja region. The study will also examine the crucial role of state and affiliated institutions in promoting tolerance and coexistence by protecting freedom of religion. Romania's location at the crossroads of the East and West and the Dobruja region's reputation as a model of religious pluralism makes it an excellent case study for identifying critical factors for the peaceful coexistence of religions in contemporary societies.

Investigating the development of narratives in directors' reports: an analysis of Barilla over six decades

PurposeThis research explores how contextual elements and significant events influence the changing storylines within a company's directors' reports spanning a period of six decades. These elements and events encompass the internal dynamics of the family that owns the company, industry-specific advancements, political and socioeconomic climates, and explicit guidelines related to corporate reporting.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs a case study methodology to analyse the directors' reports of Barilla, a prominent Italian food manufacturer, within the theoretical framework of historical institutionalism. A systematic content analysis is conducted on sixty directors' reports published between 1961 and 2021. The study also identifies and examines significant contextual events within this six-decade period, which are linked to four key institutional factors.FindingsBased on the research findings, the directors' reports exhibited notable fluctuations throughout the studied timeframe in reaction to shifts in the institutional setting. Our investigation highlights that each institutional element experienced crucial pivotal moments, and given their interconnected nature, modifications in one factor impacted the others. It was noted that these pivotal moments resulted in alterations in the directors' reports' content across various thematic areas. Additionally, despite Barilla being a multinational company, it was found that national events within Italy had a more pronounced influence on the evolving narratives than global events.Originality/valuePrevious research on directors' reports or chairman's statements has primarily focused on the influence of macro-level institutional factors on the narratives. In contrast, our study considers both macro-level and micro-level institutions, specifically examining the internal events within a family business and how they shape the content of directors' reports. Our study is also distinctive in its analysis of specific critical junctures and their interactions with the investigated institutional factors. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, few existing studies span a timeframe of sixty years, particularly concerning an Italian company.

Globalization, Brain Drain, and its Impact in Nepal

Nowadays, brain drain is a significant concern for every household in developing countries like Nepal, as students often relocate to developed nations for academic purposes. In this terms, the research's goals were the next: to determine the causes of the brain drain among Nepalese students, to investigate how the brain drain of Nepalese students is impacted by globalisation. Both primary and secondary sources of data were utilised in this mixed-methods study. Descriptive and analytical research methodologies were applied in the study. In the globalised world, the brain drain has had more detrimental than beneficial effects on developing nations like Nepal. One of the main issues that globalisation has brought about for Nepal is the brain drain. This research underscored the imperative for the Nepalese government, development partners, and national development planners to acknowledge and address the issue of brain drain. It highlighted the necessity for sustainable development initiatives and targeted campaigns designed to improve local educational and professional facilities, thereby retaining Nepalese students and mitigating the adverse impacts of the brain drain. In an effort to further their education in developed nations and gain valuable experiences and practical skills that will help them in the globalised job market, an increasing number of students are leaving their home country to pursue higher education there. This paper aimed to investigate the effects of globalisation and the factors contributing to the brain drain in Nepal. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews with preparatory students for the International English Language Testing System (IELTS), which used open-ended questions. The social, political, economic, and institutional elements that were essential for fostering the brain circulation or brain linkage sustainable development plan policies and putting into practice a campaign to materialise the idea of a "prosperous Nepal-happy Nepali" in a globalised society were also highlighted and identified in this paper.