Electrolyte Medium Research Articles

Influence of Temperature on the Kinetic Parameters of the Pd-Ni Electroplating Process from Ethaline

In the present work, the kinetic parameters from the electrodeposition of bimetallic Pd-Ni nanoparticles on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) were studied. These parameters are P1 directly related to the diffusion coefficient (D), P2 related to the numerical density of active sites (N0) and the nucleation frequency (A). In addition, the type of nucleation that occurs in electrodeposition, instantaneous or progressive. The electrolytic medium used was an ethaline deep eutectic solvent (DES) for electrodeposition due to its good electrochemical properties. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and potentiostatic current density transients (j-t) were performed at two temperatures, 25 and 70 °C. The j-t values ​​were used to generate theoretical fittings using the Scharifker and Hills, and the Díaz-Morales models for bimetallic phases.

Degradation of Organic Methyl Orange (MO) Dye Using a Photocatalyzed Non-Ferrous Fenton Reaction

Removal of recalcitrant organic pollutants by degradation or mineralization from industrial waste streams is continuously being explored to find viable options to apply on the commercial scale. Herein, we propose a titanium nanotube array (based on a non-ferrous Fenton system) for the successful degradation of a model contaminant azo dye, methyl orange, under simulated solar illumination. Titanium nanotube arrays were synthesized by anodizing a titanium film in an electrolyte medium containing water and ethylene glycol. Characterization by SEM, XRD, and profilometry confirmed uniformly distributed tubular arrays with 100 nm width and 400 nm length. The non-ferrous Fenton performance of the titanium nanotube array in a minimal concentration of H2O2 showed remarkable degradation kinetics, with a 99.7% reduction in methyl orange dye concentration after a 60 min reaction time when illuminated with simulated solar light (100 mW cm-2, AM 1.5G). The pseudo-first-order rate constant was 0.407 µmol-1 min-1, adhering to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. Reaction product analyses by TOC and LC/MS/MS confirmed that the methyl orange was partially fragmented, while the rest was mineralized. The facile withdrawal and regeneration observed in the film-based titanium nanotube array photocatalyst highlight its potential to treat real industrial wastewater streams with a <5% performance drop over 20 reaction cycles.

The Effect of Acetylene Carbon Black (ACB) Loaded on Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) Nanofiber Membrane Electrolyte for DSSC Applications

Nanofiber membranes are starting to be used as an electrolyte storage medium because of their high porosity, which causes ionic conductivity, producing high energy. The ability of nanofiber membranes to absorb electrolytes proves their stability when used for a long time. In this study, the loading of acetylene carbon black (ACB) on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is made by the electrospun method, which in turn is applied as an electrolyte medium in DSSC. Materials characterization was carried out through FTIR to determine the functional groups formed and SEM to observe morphology and diameter distribution. Furthermore, for DSSC performance, efficiency and EIS tests were carried out. The optimum nanofiber membrane was shown by esPACB1, with the highest efficiency reaching 1.92% with a porosity of 73.43%, nanofiber diameter of 172.9 ± 2.2 nm, an absorbance of 1850, and an electron lifetime of 0.003 ms.

Effect of D-limonene additive in copper redox-based quasi-solid-state electrolytes on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

In dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), the copper redox mediator has been proven to enhance power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to the fairly low driving force for dye regeneration. In this work, we prepared six blended biopolymer-based electrolytes (E1 to E6) to regenerate N3 Dye absorbed in TiO2 for dye-sensitized solar cell application. The regeneration behavior of three different electron-withdrawing substituents on 2-(pyridin-2-yl)− 1 H-benzo[d]imidazole ligands coordinated with copper metal, its forms [Cu(mpimb)2]1+/2+ (methyl 4-((2-(pyridin-2-yl)− 1 H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl) benzoate), [Cu(pbimb)2]1+/2+ (4-((2-(pyridin-2-yl)− 1 H- benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)methyl) benzonitrile) and [Cu(ptpbi)2]1+/2+ (2-(pyridin-2-yl)− 1(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)− 1 H-benzo[d]imidazole). Commencing their electrochemical and photophysical properties determines the molecular orbital energy level of the complex. A quasi-solid-state electrolyte (QSSE) medium is blended in a biopolymer host (pectin and 2-hydroxyethylcellulose). Additionally, a comparison study has been performed between commercially available pyridine-based-additive [tert-butyl pyridine (TBP)], and a bio-organic compound extracted from orange peel waste (1-methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl) cyclohex-1-ene (limonene)) used as an additive material. Using these newly designed copper redox mediators and additives, the six sets of DSSCs devices has constructed. The cell structure is assembled as TiO2/N3 dye/electrolyte (E1 to E6)/Pt. Among the fabricated devices, C1 and C2 redox couples [Cu(ptpbi)2]1+/2+ having CF3 substituent exhibit maximum Voc and Jsc. Interestingly, the device with limonene additive exhibited PCE up to 4.4 %, whereas with TBP, it showed 4.0 % efficiency. The PCE results of the C2 device sustained some electrochemical factors such as Bulk Resistance (Rb =142.0 Ω), Recombination Resistance (Rrec = 191.4 Ω), Charge Transfer Resistance (Rct = 98.84 Ω), Chemical capacitance (Cμ = 7.882 μF), Ionic Conductivity (σ = 2.816 ×10−04 S cm−1), electron lifetime (τn = 16.24 μs), Diffusion length (Ln =1.39 × 10−01 mm).

TCAD Device Modeling and Simulation Study of Organic Field Effect Transistor-Based pH Sensor with Tunable Sensitivity for Surpassing Nernst Limit

A dual-gate organic field effect transistor (DG-OFET)-based pH sensor is proposed that will be able to detect the variations in the aqueous (electrolyte) medium. In this structure, a source-sided underlap technique with a dual-gate sensing approach has been used. The change in ON-current (ION) was observed due to parallel examination of electrolytes in two gates underlapping the region of the structure. For the evaluation of the sensitivity of DG-OFET, the change in the drain current was exploited for different pH and corresponding charge densities utilizing 2D physics-based numerical simulation. The simulation results were extracted with the help of the software package Silvaco TCAD-ATLAS. The simulated results display that the proposed DG-OFET shows significantly higher sensitivity for high-k dielectrics. The voltage sensitivity achieved by DG-OFET with SiO2 as a dielectric in our work is 217.53 mV/pH which surpasses the Nernst Limit nearly four times. However, using a high-k dielectric (Ta2O5) increases it further to 555.284 mV/pH which is more than nine times the Nernst Limit. The DG-OFET pH sensor has a lot of potential in the future for various flexible sensing applications due to its flexibility, being highly sensitive, biocompatible and low-cost.

Selective Electrochemical Conversion of N2 to NH3 in Neutral Media Using B, N-Containing Carbon with a Nanotubular Morphology

Electrochemical dinitrogen reduction (NRR) has riveted substantial attention as a greener method to synthesize ammonia (NH3) under ambient conditions. Here, B, N-containing carbon catalysts with a discrete morphology were synthesized from the metal-organic framework-ionic liquid (MOF-IL) composite for NRR in a neutral electrolyte medium (pH = 7). Morphology-dependent activity is witnessed, wherein C-BN@600 with a nanotubular morphology is able to achieve a high NH3 yield rate of 204 μg h-1 mgcat-1 and an F.E. of 16.7% with a TOF value of 0.2 h-1 at -0.2 V vs RHE. Further, a rigorous protocol is put forward for true NH3 estimation by tracing/eliminating any source of contamination in catalysts, electrolytes, or gas supply via ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, gas-purification methods, and isotope labeling experiments. Density functional theory predicts BN to be the favorable active site for N2 adsorption with a reduced energy barrier in the first reduction step and sequential stabilization of the B-N bond by an adjacent carbon atom.

Method of assessment of cavitation-erosion wear resistance of metals in electrolyte media

The paper considers a method of assessing the cavitation-erosion wear resistance of metals, which can be used to obtain data on the cavitation-erosion wear resistance of materials and coatings in laboratory conditions, which correspond to the data of operational tests. The essence of the method is the intensification of corrosion processes during cavitation-erosive wear of samples on a magneto-strictive vibrator (MSV) with the help of their anodic polarization. The value of the polarization current is found by the values of the coefficient of amplification of the mechanical factor of the destruction of the surface during tests on a magneto-strictive vibrator (MSV) and the data of field tests. Corrosion current in a given environment is found during full-scale tests. To reduce the labor intensity and time of research, operational data is obtained on a specially designed and manufactured installation, which is a simplified version of a hydrodynamic tube (HT). The developed assessment method applies only to corrosive electrolyte environments.

Ternary PdNiO nanocrystals-ornamented porous CeO2/onion-like carbon for electrooxidation of carbon monoxide: unveiling the effect of supports and electrolytes

Porous ternary Pd-based catalysts at low Pd mass exhibit inimitable surface area, accessible active sites, and tunable electronic structure advantageously utilized for high CO oxidation (COoxid) activity and stability in different electrolyte media.

Development of (2D) graphene laminated electrodes to improve the performance of lead-acid energy storage devices

In the present work, studies on the performance of Graphene-laminated lead acid battery electrodes were carried out. Knowing the performance and the behavior of lead electrodes and their constituents during exposure to the electrolyte medium, sulphuric acid, is critical. An effort has been made to enhance the battery performance by coating (laminating) the electrodes with Carbon material (Graphene). The primary objective of the lamination process on the electrodes is to act as a sulfate inhibitor and to increase the performance of lead-acid batteries. The electrodes were laminated with the prepared graphene solution by an immersion technique. The morphological studies were carried out using SEM, and the elemental analysis of the coating was performed using EDAX. To examine the growth of the lead sulfate crystals on the electrode surface, the structural analysis was conducted with powder XRD. The electrochemical behavior of the laminated electrodes is compared with control batteries under similar operating conditions and was investigated by the “two-electrode system.” It is observed from the experimental results on the electrical characteristics that both (Positive and Negative) laminated electrodes and only negative laminated electrode batteries showed better performance in charge acceptance and cranking ability by 09% & 34%, respectively. The performance of batteries prepared with laminated electrodes is encouraging when compared to the control batteries against 1.29 sp. gr of H2SO4 electrolyte. These studies lay a foundation for further investigations to explore the wider utilization of 2D- Graphene lamination for developing next-generation lead-acid batteries.

Electrochemistry of ethanol and dimethyl ether at a Pt electrode in a protic ionic liquid: the electrode poisoning mechanism.

A protic ionic liquid (PIL), N,N-diethyl-N-methyl ammonium trifluoromethane sulfonate, [dema][TfO] was synthesized and confirmed using 1H-NMR and ion chromatography (IC). The surface electrocatalysis of ethanol (EtOH) and dimethyl ether (DME) was investigated on a polycrystalline Pt electrode in a PIL using a cyclic voltammetry technique. The voltammetry response shows that surface Pt-oxides/hydroxides (PtOH/PtO) are formed due to the oxidation of trace water (240 ppm determined by coulometric Karl-Fischer (FT) titration) in [dema][TfO] which plays a pivotal role during the electrocatalytic oxidation of EtOH and DME in the PIL. Oxidation of EtOH and DME coincides with coverage of the Pt surface by the adsorbed oxide species that helps to activate both processes by oxidizing the adsorbed poisoning CO and CO-like intermediate species via a 'bifunctional' reaction mechanism. The influence of temperature was investigated to obtain quantitative and qualitative information on the kinetics of EtOH oxidation. Higher activation energies are measured for EtOH oxidation in [dema][TfO] than in aqueous electrolytes due to the low water content and high viscosity of the PIL. This study gave a basic insight into the mechanism of EtOH and DME oxidation reactions, and the Pt-electrode poisoning species formation mechanism in the neoteric electrolyte medium is electrochemically investigated and reported.

Потенциодинамическое исследование свинцового баббита БЛа (PbSb15Sn10) с лантаном в среде электролита NaCl

The results of a corrosion-electrochemical study of the effect of lanthanum additives as an alloying component on the anodic behavior of lead babbit of the BLa brand (PbSb15Sn10), in a NaCl electrolyte medium with a concentration of 0.03; 0.3 and 3.0 % (by weight) are presented. The anodic behavior of babbits was investigated by the potentiostatic method at a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s. The lanthanum content in lead babbit BLa (PbSb15Sn10) was 0.01, 0.1, 0.50 and 1.0 % (by weight). It was found that with an increase in the concentration of chloride ion in the NaCl electrolyte, there is a shift in the negative region of the values of the potentials of corrosion, pitting formation and repassivation of babbits. The free corrosion potential of lead babbit shifts from time to time to the positive region. Regardless of the composition of babbits, an increase in the rate of their corrosion was established with an increase in the concentration of NaCl in the electrolyte. The addition of lanthanum to lead babbit increases its corrosion resistance. It is shown that lead babbit corrodes by the pitting mechanism and lanthanum as an alloying component of lead babbit BLa (PbSb15Sn10) contributes to the shift of the potentials of pitting formation and repassivation to the region of positive values. This leads to an increase in the resistance of lead babbit to pitting corrosion, and also contributes to the healing of incipient pitting foci.

Anode behavior of aluminum alloy AB1 with magnesium

In modern technology, the main advantages of aluminum alloys as structural materials are lightness, pliability to stamping, corrosion resistance (in air, aluminum is instantly covered with a strong film of Al2O3, which prevents its further oxidation), high thermal conductivity, and non-toxicity of its compounds. These properties have made aluminum alloys the main raw material in the aviation and aerospace industries and, more recently, as a composite material. Regarding specific strength (the ratio of ultimate strength to density), aluminum alloys are significantly superior to steel. Therefore, in the article, the electrochemical properties of the aluminum alloy AB1 with magnesium in the NaCl electrolyte medium were studied by the potentiodynamic method with a potential sweep rate of 2 mV / s. It is shown that alloying the AB1 alloy with magnesium up to 1.0 wt.% Increases its anodic stability by 30% in the NaCl electrolyte environment. It was found that with an increase in the concentration of chloride - ion, the corrosion rate of alloys increases, and the potentials of free corrosion, pitting formation, and repassivation of alloys decrease. An increase in the content of the alloying component shifts the indicated potentials to the positive region.

Tuning pyridinic-N and graphitic-N doping with 4,4′-bipyridine in honeycomb-like porous carbon and distinct electrochemical roles in aqueous and ionic liquid gel electrolytes for symmetric supercapacitors

Doping engineering in nanostructured carbon materials is an effective approach to modify heteroatom species and surface electronic structures. Herein, an advanced electrode material based on a honeycomb-like porous carbon matrix with tunable N-doped configurations is prepared via 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bpy)-assisted pyrolysis of SiO2@ZIF-8 templates and subsequent etching treatment. Interestingly, the amounts of pyridinic-N and graphitic-N can be controlled by rationally varying the content of 4,4′-bpy which acts as the N source in the pyrolysis process. Both experimental results and density functional theory calculations have revealed that synergistically with 3D interconnected porous architecture, pyridinic-N and graphitic-N have different effects on the electrochemical performances in aqueous and ionic liquid gel electrolytes for symmetric supercapacitors. Highly exposed pyridinic-N endows the carbon electrode with a strengthened pseudocapacitance contribution manifested as a high specific capacitance of 436.1 F g−1 and exceptional stability of almost 100% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at 10 A g−1 in the KOH/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrolyte. By contrast, graphitic-N is propitious for reinforced electrical double-layer capacitance contribution, reflected by a maximum energy density of 125.4 Wh kg−1 in the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (EMIMBF4/PVDF-HFP) electrolyte. This work offers an in-depth insight into the understanding of the energy storage mechanism of N-rich carbon electrodes in different electrolyte media.

Liesegang Phenomenon of Liquid Metals on Au Film.

Room temperature liquid metals (LM) such as gallium (Ga) own the potential to react with specific materials which would incubate new application categories. Here, diverse self-organized ring patterns due to nonequilibrium reaction-diffusion and spreading-limitation of Ga-based LM clusters on gold (Au) film are reported, among which diffusion is the controlling step and the self-limiting oxide layer plays the role of kinetic barrier. Such phenomena, classically known as the Liesegang rings, mainly occur in electrolyte media. Unlike existing systems, the present periodic crystallization mechanism enables highly symmetric spatiotemporal periodic Liesegang rings on a smaller scale under ambient conditions. Typically, the Ga-Au and eutectic gallium-indium alloy (EGaIn)-Au reaction-diffusion-spreading systems are constructed, obtaining the revert type and hybrid type concentric Liesegang patterns, respectively. The competitive patterning behavior of the intermediate phase products AuGa2 and AuIn2 in hybrid Liesegang patterns is further analyzed by altering the initial Ga/In mass ratio, first-principles calculations, and molecular dynamic simulations. When the mass ratio of In in GaIn alloy exceeds 15%, it will preferentially react with Au. The discovery of LM Liesegang phenomenon is expected to be a flashpoint for self-organized reaction-diffusion systems and offers promising rules for diverse areas such as materials synthesis and the jewelry design industry.

Preparation of Rare Earth Metal Electrode Material by In-situ Polymerization for Supercapacitor Application

This is a comparative study of supercapacitor performance of CeO2/PANI composite electrode prepared by two different synthesis methods, namely, in situ polymerization and solution mixing. The chemical composition of materials was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical studies such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), charge–discharge, electrochemical impedance and cyclic test of the composite were studied in two symmetrical electrode systems in an aqueous electrolyte medium. The CeO2/PANI (CP10) composite prepared by in situ polymerization has resulted in better specific capacitance than solution mixing in an aqueous electrolyte (0.5[Formula: see text]M H2SO4) with the capacitance value of 240[Formula: see text]F/g at 0.5[Formula: see text]A/g. The in-situ polymerization method evenly spreads polyaniline (PANI) all over the cerium oxide (CeO2) material and reduces charge transfer resistance ([Formula: see text]) which is lacking in the solution mixing method. After 4000 cycles at 5[Formula: see text]A/g, the CP10 composite retained 72.8% of capacitance retention and energy density of 33.33[Formula: see text]Wh/Kg at power density of 249.87[Formula: see text]W/Kg.

Corrosion Characterization of Friction Stir Weld Dissimilar Aluminium Alloy Joints

The course of contact mix welding is quick acquiring conspicuousness in aviation, marine and car industry because of its benefits as far as mechanical strength, effect and hardness characteristics. There is as yet a requirement for sure fire consideration from the exploration local area to erosion in grating mix welding zones, hence the work introduced here centres around the consumption portrayal of the grinding mix weld divergent aluminium composite. This study looks into friction stir welding under various parametric settings and shows how corrosion happens in a sodium chloride electrolytic media under potentio-dynamic conditions. The friction stir weld joints of dissimilar alloys aluminium are constructed using three sets of parameters. Straight cylinder, taper cylinder, and straight triangular tool profiles; tool rotational speeds of 800, 1000, and 1200 rpm; tool feed rates of 100, 120, and 140 mm/min; and tool offsets of 0.5, 0 mm, and -1.5 mm. The corrosion current (Icorr) reduces as tool rotating speed increases up to 1200 rpm, after which it slightly increases due to the creation of ridges all around the periphery of the friction stir weld area.

Analysis of the characteristics of the direct current discharge in the electrolyte medium at low pressure

The results of experimental studies of direct current electric discharge in the gas-liquid medium of an electrolyte with bubbles for various interelectrode distances (l=50-150 mm) inside a dielectric tube are presented. The presence of a bubble structure with microdischarges affects the nature of the discharge current and voltage ripples. The frequency spectrum of voltage and current oscillations of the discharge was established using the fast Fourier transform. Based on the analysis of experimental data, a mechanism for the development of a direct current electric discharge with a gas-liquid medium with air bubbles and microdischarges has been established.

A meshless scheme on the electrokinetically driven flow of power-law fluid through nanochannel considering dual effects of heterogeneity in wall charge and surface wettability

The present article deals with the development of a meshless scheme to study the electrokinetically driven flow of non-Newtonian fluid through narrow confinement. Combined impact of patterned charge and hydrodynamic slip length along the channel walls is considered. The widely employed power-law model is adopted to consider non-Newtonian behaviour of the background electrolytic medium. The mathematical model to study the transport of ionized liquid consists of the Poisson equation for electrostatic potential, Nernst–Planck equations for conservation of mass of mobile electrolyte ions and the Cauchy momentum equations along with equations of continuity for the flow field. We further delineated the impact of complex flow physics on the mixing efficiency of the uncharged solute injected from the inlet. The present study has two different aspects, on one hand, the successful implementation of meshless scheme based on radial basis functions and on the other hand, to dictate the impact of patterned charge and hydrodynamic slip length on the overall electrokinetic transport of ionized liquid and its effect on the mixing of injected uncharged solute. Going beyond the widely employed Debye-Hückel approximation, we simulate the governing equations using meshless scheme based on Radial Basis Functions (RBF). The numerical results are found to be in close agreement with the available theoretical and experimental results. The computational results are further presented to indicate the impact of pertinent parameters on the flow modulation and mixing of uncharged solutes. • Combined impact of patterned charge and hydrodynamic slip length of channel walls on the electrokinetic flow modulation is considered. • Power-law model is adopted to consider the non-Newtonian rheology of the fluidic medium. • Radial basis function based meshless scheme is employed for the numerical simulation. • Impact of variable surface charge and slip length on flow modulation is analysed for maximum throughput. • Impact of modulated flow field on the mixing efficiency of injected uncharged solutes is further illustrated.

Locally Fluorinated Electrolyte Medium Layer for High-Performance Anode-Free Li-Metal Batteries.

Low cycling Coulombic efficiency (CE) and messy Li dendrite growth problems have greatly hindered the development of anode-free Li-metal batteries (AFLBs). Thus, functional electrolytes for uniform lithium deposition and lithium/electrolyte side reaction suppression are desired. Here, we report a locally fluorinated electrolyte (LFE) medium layer surrounding Cu foils to tailor the chemical compositions of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) in AFLBs for inhibiting the immoderate Li dendrite growth and to suppress the interfacial reaction. This LFE consists of highly concentrated LiTFSI dissolved in a fluoroethylene carbonate and/or succinonitrile plastic mixture. The CE of Cu||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) AFLB increased to a high level of 99% as envisaged, and the cycling ability was also highly improved. These improvements are facilitated by the formation of a uniform, dense, and LiF-rich SEI. LiF possesses high interfacial energy at the LiF/Li interface, resulting in a more uniform Li deposition process as proved by density functional theory (DFT) calculation results. This work provides a simple yet utility tech for the enhancement of future high-energy-density AFLBs.

Fabrication of Symmetric Polyaniline/Nano‐Titanium Dioxide/Activated Carbon Supercapacitor Device in Different Electrolytic Mediums: Role of High Surface Area of Carbon and Facile Interactions with Nano‐Titanium Dioxide for High‐Performance Supercapacitor

Four nanocomposite samples of polyaniline/nano titanium dioxide/activated carbon (PANI/nTiO2/AC) via ex situ and in situ polymerization methods are prepared and optimized for electrochemical analysis in three different electrolytes, i.e., acidic H2SO4, basic KOH, and neutral Na2SO4. The results indicate that PANI/nTiO2/AC (PTA2) has a good, interconnected network. The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles promotes the faradaic capacitance, and AC also provides a large surface area for proficient redox reactions. The electrochemical performances of the ternary nanocomposite electrode material are examined by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test with three different electrolytes, i.e., acidic (0.1 m H2SO4), basic (0.1 m KOH), and neutral (0.1 m Na2SO4) aqueous electrolytes. The results reveal that present device attains maximum specific capacitance value 827 F g−1 at 10 mV s−1 in 0.1 m H2SO4 for PTA2 supercapacitor device and shows 72% retain specific capacitance from initial value of specific capacitance after 10 000 GCD cycle. Moreover, it also exhibited maximum energy density of 37 Wh kg−1 at 0.5 mA cm−2 with maximum specific power of 1332 W kg−1. The reason may be attributed to increased π–π conjugated system for PANI with titanium dioxide nanoparticles and AC for providing an effective surface area (343 m2 g−1) for the electrolyte ions to penetrate inside the electrode material and also furnishing efficient diffusion of electrolyte ions in PANI matrix. PTA2 ternary nanocomposite shows more thermal stability than PANI alone. It enhances the overall supercapacitive performance of the supercapacitor device (PTA2 device), which is a symbolic improvement compared to reported articles.