Viral encephalitis (VE) is one of the common diseases of children with intracranial infection, it has come on urgent, progress is fast, and the clinical features of severe cases may even lead to disability, death, and other serious adverse prognostic outcomes, so seek in early diagnosis and prognosis of efficiency of the relevant indicators to stop in time and take effective means to prevent the further development is of great significance. Neopterin (NPT), as a factor that plays an important role in the process of validation development, has been relatively rarely studied in children with VE. In this study, 127 cases of children with VE were retrieved from the TCGA database by bioinformatics, and their amplitude integrated electroencephalogram (AEEG) related information was collected at the same time. The neurodevelopmental status of VE children was evaluated according to the Gesell scale and divided into the good group (n=88) and the poor group (n=39). The differences in NPT expression and AEEG score between them were observed. In addition, the clinical data of 100 children without VE were screened from the database, and the differences in NPT expression and AEEG score between VE children and non-VE children were compared. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the clinical efficacy of NPT combined with AEEG in diagnosis and prognosis prediction. Kaplan-Meier was used to observe the effect of NPT high expression and low expression on poor prognosis of VE children.