Electrocatalytic Degradation Of Phenol Research Articles

Electrocatalytic Degradation of Phenol by the Electrooxidation–Electrocoagulation Hybrid Process: Kinetics and Identification of Degradation Intermediates

AbstractThe electrocatalytic degradation of phenol has been investigated by combining two processes, namely electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO), as a hybrid process. Ti/Pt-Fe and Ti/P...

The Application of an Activated Carbon Supported Cu-Ce/Ac Oxide Anode on the Electrocatalytic Degradation of Phenol

The Application of an Activated Carbon Supported Cu-Ce/Ac Oxide Anode on the Electrocatalytic Degradation of Phenol

Electrocatalytic degradation of phenol on Pt- and Ru-doped Ti/SnO2-Sb anodes in an alkaline medium

In this work, the electrocatalytic performance of Ti/SnO2-Sb(13-x)-Pt-Ru(x) anodes (x=0.0, 3.25 and 9.75 at.%) towards phenolate elimination has been analyzed and compared to those of conventional Ti/RuO2 and Ti/Co3O4 anodes, to evaluate their application for decontamination of concentrated alkaline phenolic wastewaters. The effects of the applied current density and the nature of the anode on the activity, kinetics and current efficiency for phenolate elimination, COD removal and benzoquinone by-product formation/degradation have been thoroughly examined. The Ti/SnO2-Sb-Pt anode exhibits the best electroactivity, fastest kinetics and highest current efficiency among the studied anodes, but poor electrochemical stability. The introduction of small amounts of Ru (3.25–9.75 at.%) brings about a slight loss of the electrocatalytic performance, but it causes a remarkable increase in the stability of the electrode. In terms of energy consumption and stability, the Ti/SnO2-Sb(9.75)-Pt-Ru(3.25) electrode seems to be the most promising anode material for the electrochemical treatment of alkaline phenolic wastewaters. The increase in current density generally leads to significantly faster phenolate, benzoquinone and COD degradations, but with lower efficiency because of an increasing selectivity to water oxidation. A correction of the ideal kinetic model has been proposed to predict the oxidation of organics on non-active metal oxide anodes.

Electro-catalytic degradation of phenol on several metal-oxide anodes

Three kinds of Ti-based multilayer metal-oxide electrode, including Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/PbO 2, Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/MnO x and Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/RuO 2 + PbO 2 electrodes, were prepared by thermal decomposition, and SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3 coatings were produced with a polymeric precursor method (PPM). The conversion of phenol was carried out with these electrodes as anodes under galvanostatic control. Samples during the electrolyses were characterized with UV–vis spectra and chromatography, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) and instantaneous current efficiency (ICE) for phenol degradation were also determined. The results show that phenol can be oxidized and degraded for all of the three anodes, and the oxidation reactions of phenol follow first-order kinetics, but there are considerable differences in the effectiveness and performance of electro-catalytic degradation. Phenol can be degraded relatively fast on the Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/PbO 2 anode and the degradation rate of phenol is slower with the Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/MnO x electrode, and the slowest with the Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/RuO 2 + PbO 2 electrode, whose apparent rate constants are 2.49 × 10 −2, 1.42 × 10 −2 and 9.76 × 10 −3 min −1, respectively. The rates of electro-catalytic degradation relate to oxygen evolution potential, and the higher the oxygen evolution potential, the better the performance of electro-catalytic degradation. The potential for oxygen evolution at the Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/PbO 2 anode is highest, then Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/MnO x , following Ti/SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3/RuO 2 + PbO 2. The accelerated life tests at 60 °C and in 1.0 mol L −1 aqueous H 2SO 4 with an anodic current density of 4.0 A cm −2 show that the service life is prolonged when the SnO 2 + Sb 2O 3 interlayer coating are inserted between Ti substrate and active layers.