Electoral Participation Research Articles

Geography of voter turnout in Slovak local elections (1994–2018): The effects of size and contagion on local electoral participation

AbstractThe main goal of this article is to analyze spatial disparities in local electoral participation in Slovakia between 1994 and 2018 on a very detailed spatial structure of all (almost 3000) municipalities. To achieve this goal, methods of global and local spatial autocorrelation and spatial regression are used. Municipality‐level analysis, then, provides three main results. First, cartographic presentations provide spatial evidence of highly stable patterns of electoral participation in Slovak municipalities. In the long term, there was no substantial inter‐electoral change in the clustering of voter turnout in the different municipalities, except for an overall significant decline in the homogeneity of the clusters with low or high electoral turnout. Second, while there was some positive spatial autocorrelation of turnout between a concrete municipality and its surroundings, suggesting the existence of a contagion effect, this effect was not too strong and quickly waned with growing distance. Third, as especially the local elections in 2018 suggested that local political environment has its own dynamics that are increasingly independent of municipality size, a more detailed analysis of the local political context combining both quantitative and qualitative techniques should be a priority in the future.

Mathematical Model of Community Participation Levels in Elections in Medan City

Political participation is one of the benchmarks of a country's democracy. This can be seen from their involvement in elections. Every general election must have a white group called abstainers who usually consciously do not using their voting rights which may influence individuals not to use their voting rights in general elections. Medan City is the city with the second highest number of abstainers in North Sumatra Province at 33.33%. This study will model the level of public participation in elections in Medan City by comparing the level of public participation in the 2019 and 2024 presidential elections. From the model, two equilibrium points are obtained, namely abstainer and abstainer-free equilibrium points, basic reproduction number and stability analysis of the equilibrium point. The simulation results for 2019 and 2024 showed that for , the abstainer population increases so that the abstainer equilibrium point is asymptotically stable. Then for , the abstainer population will gradually disappear

Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Pelaku Black Campaign di Media Sosial Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Umum 2024

Election campaigns are activities of election participants or other parties appointed by election participants to convince voters by offering the vision, mission, programme and/or self-image of election participants. In the practice of implementing election campaigns, there are campaign behaviors that harm other parties which are classified as black campaigns. This research is to find out the regulation of black campaigns in Indonesia and criminal liability for perpetrators of black campaigns on social media in the 2024 elections. This researcher uses normative legal research methods and a statute approach and case approach. The results of this study are that black campaigns are regulated in the Criminal Code articles 310 and 311 of the Criminal Code which regulate insults and defamation. in law number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code in article 263 paragraph 2 regarding broadcasting or disseminating false news or notifications and article 433 paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 regarding attacks on honor / defamation and the law on general elections in article 280 letter c jo 521 regarding prohibitions in campaigns and in the Law on information transactions and electronics in articles 27, 28, 45 and 45 A regarding the prohibition of insults and / or defamation. The criminal responsibility of the perpetrators of black campaigns is that if the elements of guilt can be proven, then they are liable to imprisonment and / or fines.

The influence of religious attachment on intended political engagement among lower-secondary students

Religious attachment has been identified as an important correlate of civic participation, civic engagement, and civil participation among adults. This study investigates two aspects of relationships between religiosity and intended political engagement among lower secondary school students in 2009 and 2016. One aspect is the extent to which religious attachment is associated with an endorsement of the influence of religion in society. This can be viewed as the converse of secularity which asks for the separation of social and political institutions from religion. A second aspect investigated is the extent to which religious attachment is associated with expected adult electoral participation and expected adult active political participation after controlling for the effects of other characteristics. While the results from this study show no strong or consistent relationships between religious background and expected political participation among lower-secondary students, findings suggest that young people’s endorsement of religious influence in society depends strongly on their religious background and in turn shows associations with expected active political participation.

Changing generational tides: the transformation of electoral participation in European Parliament elections

Electoral turnout has been declining in nearly all Western democracies. While scholars have identified the ‘negative’ effects of generational replacement and forecasted how turnout will continue to decline, the turnout in the 2019 European Parliament election surged to its highest participatory level in the last two decades, driven surprisingly by increased youth participation. This age-period-cohort study investigates whether and to what extent younger generations socialised in changing electoral contexts turn out at different levels than their generational counterparts. Analysing survey data from the EES and the CSES across 28 European countries over decades reveals a reversing generational participatory pattern in EP elections and a narrowing turnout gap between national and European Parliament elections across younger generations, despite differences in Western and Eastern Europe. These results have important implications for the effect of generation on turnout and future trends of electoral participation.

Remembering the counterrevolution: disappointment, denial, and demobilization

ABSTRACT While scholars carefully study when revolutions succeed and how they are overturned, far less attention has been paid to the public’s experience of revolution and counterrevolution as well as their subsequent effect on political attitudes and behaviour. We explore this question in Egypt, an important contemporary case of successful revolution in 2011 that was then reversed in a 2013 counterrevolution. We analyse data from an experiment embedded in a nationally representative survey that randomly primed one third of respondents to remember the country’s 2011 revolutionary uprising, another third to remember the 2013 counterrevolutionary coup, and a final third that served as a pure control. Those asked to remember the coup report significantly lower levels of trust, feelings of voter efficacy, and participation in future elections and protest behaviours. Additional analyses demonstrate that how people remember the revolution and its reversal matters. First, those who reported feeling most disappointed by the events they were asked to recall were most affected by the primes. In addition, those who frequently consume state media, where the revolution has been alternately demonized and erased, were most demobilized by the primes. Our findings contribute to growing literatures on the political effects of collective memory, emotions and state-controlled media on politics.

Optimizing KNN Algorithm Using Elbow Method for Predicting Voter Participation Using Fixed Voter List Data (DPT)

The purpose of this study is to produce maximum predictions for election participation rates. KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors) is one of the machine learning algorithms used to classify or regress data. The KNN algorithm works by finding the closest K training data from test data to be classified. Although the KNN (K-Nearest Neighbors) algorithm has advantages such as being easy to implement and being able to handle non-linear data, this algorithm also has several weaknesses, one of which is the determination of the value of K which is very ordinary and subjective. Therefore in this study optimization of the value of K on KNN using the Elbow method. The dataset used is the Fixed Voters List (DPT) in the 2019 General Elections in Karawang Regency. The final results of the experiments in this study, the highest achievement was obtained with a Mean Squared Error (MSE) value of 0.0018, a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) value of 0.0422, and a Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) value of 6.36%. The highest accuracy produced in this study was 95.63% and the lowest was 93.64% with an average accuracy of 95.02%.

Listening the Echoes of Silence

Abstract This scholarly article examines the intricate layers of social, economic, and political marginalisation experienced by the ‘Negede Weyto’ minority and elucidates its impacts on their psychological well-being. Employing a qualitative research approach, the study synthesised primary and secondary data sources. Primary data collection methods included in-depth interviews, informant interviews, and focus group discussions, complemented by meticulous analysis of relevant documents. The findings reveal that socially, the ‘Negede Weyto’ face marginalisation and restrictions in societal interactions, local associations, and religious events due to stereotyped and prejudiced perceptions. Economically, the minority group encounters challenges such as land eviction, limited opportunities, and exclusion from the job market, exacerbated by perceived educational and competence deficiencies. Politically, the ‘Negede Weytos’ are marginalised from local governance, with limited participation in elections and decision-making processes. Consequently, the ‘Negede Weyto’ minority experiences detrimental effects on their psychological well-being due to the cumulative impact of enduring marginalisation.

Political Education for Novice Voters to Increase Voter Participation in the Simultaneous Elections of 2024

Students in grade XI high school who are novice voters participated in the Community Service Program to address the following issues: (a) first-time voters who are still unsure about their voting responsibilities and the purpose of elections; (b) low voter participation rates in the 2020 Tuban district elections; (c) limited socialization to novice voters in preparation for the simultaneous elections in 2024; and (d) unstable novice voters, particularly those who are high school students, who still require political introduction and education. This Community Service activity aims to increase the voter participation rate of novice voters in Tuban district in the simultaneous elections of 2024. The Community Service activity uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, which includes education, coaching, and awareness-raising for novice voters conducted through direct presentations and Q&A sessions with grade XI students at SMAN 1 Grabagan and MAN 1 Tuban. The result of this Community Service activity is an increase in the participation rate of novice voters in Tuban district in the simultaneous elections of 2024.

Orientasi Politik Pemilih Perempuan pada Pemilu Tahun 2019 di Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu Provinsi DKI Jakarta

The purpose of this study is to explain the extent of the influence of socioeconomic status and political participation on the political orientation of women voters in the 2019 General Election in the Thousand Islands Regency, DKI Jakarta Province. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach, namely with one of the characteristics commonly found in quantitative research with causality, which tries to explain the question "why" to examine the cause of an empirical event or phenomenon. The results showed that employment, involvement in community organizations, and participation in elections partially had a significant effect on the political orientation of women voters, while income, education, and involvement in political parties did not. These findings highlight the importance of considering the various aspects that affect voter participation in each region, although the study also highlights limitations, such as the geographical characteristics of the archipelago and weather factors that affect data collection

Voting participation in grassroots elections and rural residents’ subjective well‐being in China: The mediation roles of social class and fairness

Voting participation in grassroots elections and rural residents’ subjective well‐being in China: The mediation roles of social class and fairness

Interim Dismissal of DPRD Members Who Commit Criminal Offenses

Indonesia adheres to representative democracy within it’s constitutional system. This representative democracy is manifest by a general election mechanism to elect candidates who will occupy strategic position in managing the running of government. The candidate must be affiliated with a political party in participating in the general election because according to the laws and regulations the general election participants are political parties. A candidate needs a political party to take part in the general election, thus the relationship between the candidate and the political party is like superiors and subordinates with the theme of regeneration. This relationship persistes until the candidate is elected as a member of the regional people’s representative council (DPRD). In addition, political parties hace the authority to impose inter-term termination (PAW) on their cadres who are already sitting in the regional people’s representative council (DPRD) based on the terms and conditions set out in the law. This research is a legal research that uses a statutory approach and a conseptual approach to answer the legal issues contained in this research.

Penguatan Peran Politik Masyarakat dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa melalui Program Pengabdian Masyarakat

The focus of this research is to enhance community political participation in the village head elections in Separi Besar Village, Tenggarong Seberang Subdistrict, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, which has historically shown low participation rates. The research method used is action research with a participatory approach, involving collaboration between researchers, community leaders, and political experts. The research comprises three stages: preliminary study preparation, implementation of political socialization and outreach programs, and evaluation and reflection. The results of the research indicate that the community service program successfully increased political participation among villagers significantly. Before the intervention, only 30% of villagers actively participated in the village head elections; however, after the program was implemented, participation rose to 65%. The level of understanding among villagers regarding the importance of political participation and the election process also increased from 40% to 80%. Interviews and observations showed an increase in villagers' trust in the local political system and their involvement in other village activities. The recommendation from this research is to expand political education programs to other villages facing similar issues. These programs should include intensive socialization, distribution of educational materials, and election simulations to provide practical experience for villagers. These measures are expected to strengthen local democracy and enhance the overall welfare of village communities.

The Divergence of the Influence of Ulama and Dayah in the Dynamics of Electoral Politics in East Aceh Regency

This research discusses the dlvergence of influence of ulama and dayah in electoral politics in East Aceh Regency. Use of electoral political theory (elections), using qualitative research methods. Findings from the results of research in the fileld regarding "Divergence of influence of ulama and dayah in the electoral political constellation in East Aceh Regelcy", can be concluded that: 1) The divergence of political influence that ulama and dayah have in the implementation of the electoral political constellation is very large, many people folllow or make ulama as a reference in determining their choice of politilal partiles in the general election in East Aceh Regency. 2) In providing support to political parties or election participants, ulama and dayah have causes or driving factors that cause divergence in poliltical support from ulama and dayah towards political parties in the implementation of elelctoral politilcs in East Aceh Regency.

Penerapan Algoritma Support Vector Machine untuk Memprediksi Tingkat Partisipasi Pemilu terhadap Kualitas Pendidikan

Elections are a democratic means of choosing leaders. Public participation in elections is important for a healthy democracy. The quality of education influences public participation in elections. Therefore, the government needs to improve the quality of education in the Pasuruan Regency area. This research aims to predict the level of participation in elections on the quality of education in Pasuruan Regency. This research uses the Education sector dataset obtained from BPS data for Pasuruan Regency in 2022 and the level of election participation obtained from the recapitulation of the 2019 election results. Data analysis was carried out in an experimental stage to determine the variables to be predicted (target variables) and the variables used to predict it (predictor variable) using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm with three kernels, namely linear, rbf, and polynomial. The findings show an accuracy of 88.4% for the linear kernel, 88.5% for the rbf kernel, and 88.5% for the polynomial kernel. The quality of education can influence the level of election participation. This is because high quality education can increase public awareness of the importance of participating in elections.

The Personalization of Electoral Participation? The Relationship Between Trait Evaluations of Presidential Candidates and Turnout Decisions in American Presidential Elections 1980–2020

AbstractThe personalization thesis claims that leaders’ influence over voters has increased. While research consistently shows that candidates influence party choice, we know little about their effects on the prior decision to turn out in elections. This article represents the first study to examine the relationship between candidate trait evaluations and turnout decisions in the American context and the first longitudinal study of the phenomenon. The study utilizes ANES data to test three hypotheses drawn from theories on electoral participation and personalized politics in U.S. presidential elections between 1980 and 2020. The results show that while trait evaluations of Republican candidates consistently affect turnout, perceptions of Democratic candidates’ competence mobilize voters in specific elections. Moreover, individual polarization promotes turnout, particularly among partisan dealigned voters with different perceptions of the candidates’ competence. The results indicate a personalization of electoral participation that can benefit civic engagement and democratic quality.

Peran Generasi Muda dalam Pemilihan Kepala Desa di Desa Kaban Tengah Kecamatan STU Jehe Kabupaten Pakpak Bharat

The article is titled "The Role of Youth in the Village Head Election in Kaban Tengah Village, STU Jehe District, Pakpak Bharat Regency." This article aims to describe the role of youth in the village head election in Kaban Tengah Village, STU Jehe District, Pakpak Bharat Regency. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Based on the research results, the author found that the youth's participation in the village head election in Kaban Tengah Village is influenced by socio-political agents, such as family, peer groups, schools, workplaces, mass media, and direct political contact. The dissemination and introduction of elections to the youth in Kaban Tengah Village are carried out by socializing the importance of elections to the youth, conducted by the KPU and the government of Pakpak Bharat Regency. Youth is very important to ensure the realization of a democratic and integrity-filled election process in Kaban Tengah Village.

The (changing) concept of democracy in (transforming) European populist radical right discourses: the case of Polish Law and Justice

ABSTRACT The populist radical right (PRR) has been actively engaged in the discursive struggle over the notion of democracy in Europe and beyond. This article examines how in practice PRR parties discursively construct and manipulate the concept of democracy. By taking a longitudinal comparative perspective on the political discourse of Jarosław Kaczyński, the leader of the Polish Law and Justice (PiS) party, in five consecutive electoral campaigns between 2007 and 2023, the article identifies key discursive strategies used to construct PRR conceptions of democracy. The analysis of PiS’s discourse in government and opposition shows that the PRR strives to fully appropriate the concept of democracy: when in power, the PRR discursively constructs (preserving) democracy as inseparable from the political status quo; while in opposition, it conditions (restoring) democracy with its accession to power. Despite numerous references to majoritarian conceptions of democracy and plebiscitary mechanisms and its claims to promote a radical democratic renewal, the PRR tends not to question the underlying principles of parliamentary representation. In practice, it discursively constructs a severely restricted version of democracy in which democratic participation essentially boils down to participation in elections. Hence, references to democracy are primarily used by the PRR to (emotionally) mobilise voters.

The 2020 Czech Regional Elections in the Shadow of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Electoral Participation in the Spread of the Pandemic

Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyze the 2020 Czech regional elections held after the most intensive phase of the election campaign occurred during an unprecedented outbreak of new COVID-19 cases. Shortly after the elections, the Czech government of premier Andrej Bahis officially announced a state of emergency, and the Czech Republic became one of the world’s COVID-19 hardest-hit countries within a few weeks. Our analysis focuses especially on trends in the association between the 7-day incidence of COVID-19 and voter turnout between September 19 and November 14 at the level of 206 Czech microregions. While our results show a considerable rise in COVID-19 incidence per 100,000 people in Czech microregions with higher turnout, this effect was partly modified by age as the rise of COVID-19 in microregions with older populations occurred much later.

Remittances and political participation in the Middle East and North Africa

ABSTRACT How does the receipt of remittances affect the likelihood of engaging in civic and political activities in the Middle East and North Africa? Research in Latin America and Africa has found two contradictory effects. Remittances can increase recipients’ capacity for political participation by providing them with greater economic resources. But remittances may also reduce the incentive for political participation by lessening the importance of the domestic economy to the livelihood of recipients. Using survey data from Arab Barometer, I show that remittances are associated with a greater likelihood of engaging in non-electoral political activities, including protests, strikes and contacting elected officials, and (to a smaller extent) with electoral participation. To explore the relationship between remittances and political participation in greater depth, I report the results of interviews with 54 remittance-receiving families in Jordan and Tunisia. This qualitative evidence suggests that the greater relative economic security offered by remittances allows recipients to devote more resources, particularly time, to civic and political participation. The interviews also revealed a strong conditioning effect of gender: women are more likely to use remittances to donate time and money to non-political civil society organisations, while men are more likely to use remittances to conduct explicitly political activities.