This analysis provides an overview of federal election campaign finance regulation, surveying legislative efforts in this area over the course of the twentieth century. Particular emphasis is placed on post-Watergate reforms and the work of the Federal Election Commission, the first federal government agency ever specifically tasked with oversight of campaign finance. The authors discuss the most significant laws relating to the source of campaign contributions and public disclosure of financial transactions. Finally, the article examines how new technology, like the Internet, fits in with the current regulatory scheme and what challenges lie ahead as campaigning becomes more sophisticated.