Egypt Research Articles

Mediating the Role of Social Innovation in the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Corporate Reputation "An Empirical Study on Customers of Private Universities in the Arab Republic of Egypt"

Mediating the Role of Social Innovation in the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainable Corporate Reputation "An Empirical Study on Customers of Private Universities in the Arab Republic of Egypt"

Determinants of Women's Economic Empowerment in Selected Arab Countries for the Period (2000-2018)

This study examines the determinants of economic empowerment of women in selected Arab countries (Iraq, Qatar, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jordan, the Arab Republic of Egypt and Algeria) during the period (2000-2018), using the usual small squares method, and in this study we reviewed the concept and the economic determinants that affect empowerment Women, which in turn affect all other variables in these countries, the most important of which are the political and social aspects. In order to know the specific factors for women's economic empowerment, the study adopted the quantitative method to estimate these factors which are (the ratio of women’s enrollment in secondary education to males, average life expectancy at birth for males and females, fertility rate, per capita GDP). The results of the study found that the most important factors affecting the economic empowerment of women in most Arab countries are health, the proportion of women’s enrollment in secondary education to males, average life expectancy at birth for males and females, per capita gross domestic product that had a significant and positive impact, while the fertility rate was found. It appeared morally and negatively.

Productive and Water Merit of the Most Important Varieties of Rice in the Arab Republic of Egypt

Productive and Water Merit of the Most Important Varieties of Rice in the Arab Republic of Egypt

エジプトにおける世界遺産保護問題 ―アラブの春以降― World Heritage Conservation Issues in Egypt -After the Arab Spring-

Egypt (Arab Republic of Egypt) retains many material cultures from the early ancient civilization to the Islamic civilization and has a deep connection with the universal world religion, but since modern times, it has become a border with Western colonialism. The aim of this study is to consider the relationship between world heritage and the nation by unraveling a part of the cultural administration of Egypt, recognizing that the problems that Egyptian society has are not those of the past, but are deeply related to the course of the present society. In this paper, I will present Egypt as the case of study, focus on trends after 2011, and explore their position. First of all, I would like to look back on the big flow of the World Heritage Conservation Administration and position the recent trends. Next, examples of the Arab spring and the looting and damage of world heritage sites are shown. Then, considering the modern Egyptian awareness of the affiliation of World Heritage Sites and the latest movements to protect Egyptian World Heritage Sites, the researcher has proposed that the protection of World Heritage Sites would not be possible without the cooperation of local residents and Egyptians.

Development of A Mobile Unit for The Manufacture of Non-Conventional Feed تطوير وحدة متنقلة لتصنيع الأعلاف غير التقليدية

Whereas the burning of the agricultural residues affects environmental pollution in Arab Republic of Egypt, so many researches in different trends proceeded to overcome such problem, in other hand the researches aimed to get benefit of residues as they have high economic value. One of those trends is recycling of these waste to produce . Reason behind such thought in this direction is the great gap between the fodders needs for animal farms as cows and buffalos which reaches to 13 million tons / year and the production volume of fodders factories which reaches to 2.5 million tons/year . The research confirmed that exploitation of 40 % of the agricultural residues to produce untraditional fodders may compensate part of this gap . Whereas some of the present machinery do not compatible with the requested standards and the high cost of transporting of these residues to place of manufacturing, in addition of its seasonal production periods and its several varieties, so need of manufacturing multipurpose mobile fodder production units appeared in order to adapt varieties of agricultural residues. The research aims to design and manufacture mobile integrated units to produce feeds from untraditional resources that meet the recommended technical standards, in addition an economical study has been carried out on such a unit to recognize its economical feasibility. So the following design assumptions have been taking into consideration : 1-The unit was designed to be in movable status to suit the small villages with productivity of 500 kg/hour . 2-The unit driven by the agriculture tractor which is available in the farms as a power source with rating power fluctuated between 60 – 80 HP. 3-The unit consists of five essential units which are ( chopper unit – hammer mill & crushing unit – mixing unit – pressing unit – Trailer and Power train Unit) . 4-The transport means which carry the materials between units designed as follows : -Transfer the cutting residues from the cutting machine to the hammer mill & crushing machine by gravity . -Transfer the crushed materials from hammer mill & crushing machine to mixing unit by left helical lever . -Transfer the mixture from the mixing unit to the lower tank of the mixer using gravity -Transfer the mixture from the lower tank of the mixer to the pressing unit using by left helical lever 5-Transfer the power from the tractor to the unit using PTO power taken off the tractor and the motion transferred to the various parts of the unit through gear box, drive shafts, pulleys and belts to adapt the revolution speeds needed to each unit

Estimation of the Daily Recovery Cases in Egypt for COVID-19 Using Power Odd Generalized Exponential Lomax Distribution.

Covid-19 has become an important topic this days, because of its bad effect in many fields such as Economics, industrial and commerce. In this paper, Covid-19 will be studied statistically point of view depending on the recovery cases in the Arab Republic of Egypt in the interval of (20 March to 20 August 2020). A power odd generalized exponential Lomax distribution has been considered. Some mathematical properties of the distribution are studied. The method of maximum likelihood and maximum product of spacings are used for estimating the model parameters. Also 95% asymptotic confidence intervals for the estimates of the parameters are derived. A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the numerical behavior of the estimates. The proposed methods are utilized to find estimates of the parameters of power odd generalized exponential Lomax distribution for the recovery cases of corona virus in Egypt.

THE INTEGRATION BETWEEN SIX SIGMA AND RATIONALIZATION ACCOUNTING MODELS FOR ACHIEVING CONTROL ON ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS IN SOME PETROCHEMICAL COMPANIES IN GREATER CAIRO

This study aims at exposing the effect of integration between of Six Sigma approach and lean accounting in light of recent developments and their use as a mechanism to reduce environmental costs in industrial facilities in some petrochemical companies in Greater Cairo in the Arab Republic of Egypt. In order to achieve this study objectives, a questionnaire (385 forms) has been designed and distributed to the study population which consist of some industrial companies operating in the petrochemical sector. The study has reached a set of results, the most important of which are: 1. Before using the Six Sigma approach in industrial companies, and to take full advantage of that method, companies must improve the industrial environment and prepare it administratively and technically to receive that approach. 2. Before using the method of rationalization accounting in industrial companies and for benefitting from that approach on industrial companies, the switch from traditional-cost systems to adopting cost-systems that help in the use and spread out of awareness of how important the rationalization approach is and the good incentive systems that follow. 3. For developing awareness of public opinion of the importance of working as a team and inculcating their group spirit through good systems of participation and motivation. 4. Conducting appropriate groups of administrative and financial training programs that help raise awareness among workers of the importance of six-sigma approaches, rationalization accounting, and other approaches of purposeful control and performance improvement.

Obstacles of applying marketing advertisement strategies as access for promoting activities of sport touris

The research aims at recognizing obstacles of applying advertisement marketing strategies to promote sport tourism in Arab Republic of Egypt .The researchers used the descriptive method ( surveying studies ) with it's steps and procedures for it's appropriateness to achieve the research goals . The research sample was (112) . They were selected from the research community according to the following Employees in public department for sport tourism at Ministry of youth and sport of (8 ) individuals .They were selected purposively . Employees in public department for sport tourism at Ministry of tourism of (5) individuals .They were selected purposively . Employees in tourism installations at Arab Republic of Egypt in cities (Hurghada – Sharm El Sheik – El Ain EL Sokhana) , workers in the field of marketing and different fields of sport activities inside tourism installations of (81) individuals . They were selected randomly . Employees at advertisement companies in tourism field of (18) individuals . They were selected randomly .The most important findings are Weakness of applying advertising marketing strategies to promote sport tourism at Arab Republic of Egypt

An Economic Study of Small and Micro Projects in the Arab Republic of Egypt

An Economic Study of Small and Micro Projects in the Arab Republic of Egypt

Assessment of the Job Perrormance of Egyptian Agricultural Quarantine Workers in the Arab Republic of Egypt

Assessment of the Job Perrormance of Egyptian Agricultural Quarantine Workers in the Arab Republic of Egypt

Nanotechnology requirements in the content of the science curriculum of the preparatory stage in the Arab Republic of Egypt: متطلبات النانوتكنولوجي في محتوى مناهج العلوم للمرحلة الإعدادية بجمهورية مصر العربية

The study aims to analyze Nanotechnology requirements in the content of the science curriculum of the preparatory stage. The researcher uses the descriptive analytical approach to achieve the main objectives of the study. She makes a list of the Nanotechnology requirements that are required in Science curriculum at the preparatory stage. The list includes (49) Nanotechnology requirements divided into (33) concepts & (16) applications. The veracity of the list has been checked by the researcher. Accordingly, she prepares a suitable tool to analyze the content of the Science curricula at the preparatory stage. The study sample includes the (6) books of Science curriculum for the three levels of classrooms and both semesters at the preparatory stage of the academic year of (1440 AH/ 2019AD). The study finds that there is no balance in the Nanotechnology Concepts and the Nanotechnology Applications in the content of the Science curriculum at the preparatory stage, so the researcher Prepared a suggested framework for the science curriculum plan in class one of the preparatory stage in the light of the Nanotechnology requirements that are required in Science curriculum at the preparatory stage. In light of these findings, the researcher writes a number of recommendations as the necessity of including the Nanotechnology requirements in the content of the science curriculum at the preparatory stage, taking into consideration the balance and comprehensiveness among both the section of Nanotechnology requirements in the science books of the preparatory stage.

Leading the cardiology arena in Egypt.

Leading the cardiology arena in Egypt.

Requirements for Reaching the Sustainable Goals of Development to Plan New Areas in Arab Republic of Egypt

Egypt has many new areas, most of which are found outside the boundaries of urbanization in the valley and delta. Such areas contain capabilities and ingredients with special natural and environmental features that differ from the built-up areas. As development areas have been recently created by the development policies and strategies which were put forward by the country to accommodate sustainable development processes. There is an Availability of suitable areas for development according to resources and without limitations, which amount to 24% of the total area. There are, also, suitable areas for development according to resources with the presence of some limitations, which amount to an area of 16% of the total area. Sustainable development captures the world's attention during the past 15 years, at the level of the global economic, social and environmental field. Thus, development sustainability has become a global school of thought that spreads in most of the countries of the world, All UN member states adopted the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015 as the main umbrella for balancing social, economic, and environmental sustainability by 2030. And also the plans put forward in Egypt The research discusses what are the Requirements for reaching the sustainable goals of development to plan new areas in Arab Republic of Egypt. By using qualitative methods Because these areas have a shortage of statistical data. To can reach, foundations and indicators for sustainable development, adopting a national sustainable development strategy that includes all entities, institutions, members of society and those affected by its results in the short and long term.

The effect of enterprise resource planning on the organizational performance of organizations through HRM practices An Applied Study on the Reinforcing Steel Sector Companies in Egypt

This research aims to study the impact of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) (information quality, system quality and system use) and human resource management (HRM) practices (training and development, information exchange, recruitment and testing, compensation and benefits, safety and health and employee relations) on organizational performance. Through the Balanced scorecard (financial performance, customer performance, supplier performance and employee performance) in the rebar sector companies within the Arab Republic of Egypt. Therefore, the researcher used the positivism philosophy in this study and the deductive approach because they are more compatible with the nature of the research and with what the researcher wants to reach. He also followed a quantitative method in collecting data, as he prepared a questionnaire and distributed it to 260 individuals working in the reinforcing steel sector. The data is analyzed using some statistical methods such as: correlation, and the structural equation model. The results fully accept the study hypotheses that there is a statistically significant relationship between ERP and organizational performance through the balanced scorecard. In addition to, relationship between ERP and HRM practices, moreover, relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance through the balanced scorecard. While it partially accepts that here is a statistically significant role for HRM practices, in the relationship between ERP and organizational performance through the Balanced Scorecard.

دور التعلم التنظیمی کمتغیر وسیط فی العلاقة بین إدارة المواهب ورأس المال الفکری (دراسة تطبیقیة على مصلحة الضرائب العقاریة بجمهوریة مصر العربیة)

يتمثل الهدف العام للبحث في التعرف على دور التعلم التنظيمي کمتغير وسيط في العلاقة بين إدارة المواهب ورأس المال الفکري في مصلحة الضرائب العقارية محل الدراسة, وتمثل مجتمع البحث من جميع العاملين في المستويات الإدارية المختلفة في مصلحة الضرائب العقارية, ونظرا للقيود الخاصة بالوقت والتکلفة, فقد اعتمد الباحث على أسلوب العينات, واعتمد الباحث على الأساليب الإحصائية وثيقة الصلة بالفرضيات, حيث تم استخدام کل من تحليل التباين وصاحبة اختبار توکي (Tukey) لبيان مصدر الاختلافات, واستخدام تحليل المسار آموس (AMOS) ويصاحبه کل من معامل التحديد, اختبار ت, اختبار ف, (G. F. I), (A.G. F. I), (RMSEA). ولقد توصل البحث إلى وجود اختلاف بين الفئات المختلفة من آراء العاملين في مصلحة الضرائب العقارية وذلک من حيث إدارة المواهب, والتعلم التنظيمي, ورأس المال الفکري, کما أشارت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة ذات دلالة إحصائية بين إدارة المواهب, والتعلم التنظيمي, ورأس المال الفکري. ولقد توصل الباحث بضرورة الاهتمام بإدارة المواهب نظرا لما لها من تأثير معنوي على التعلم التنظيمي من ناحية, ورأس المال الفکري من ناحية أخرى, وأن نموذج تحليل المسار (آموس) يتسم بالجودة والصلاحية التامة, بما يشير إلى رفض الفرضيات السبع للبحث بصورة إجمالية. Abstract: The overall objective of the research is studying the role of The Role Of Organization Learning As a mediator in the Relationship between Talent Management and Intellectual capital: an Applied Study On Real Estate Tax Authority in Arab Republic of Egypt. the research community includes all the different categories of employees at Real Estate Tax Authority in Arab Republic of Egypt. Due to the limitations of time and cost, the method of sampling is used to collect the necessary data, employing appropriate statistical methods to analyze data and test hypotheses. Both the analysis of variance One- Way ANOVA was used. Accompanied by the (Tukey) test to indicate the source of the differences. And the use (AMOS0 analysis. Accompanied by the coefficient of. T test. F test. And (G.F.I), (A. G. F. I), RMSEA. . Finding refer to differences among employees opinions in terms of Talent Management, and Organization Learning, and Intellectual capital, Results indicated the presence of a statistically significant relationship among the research variables of Talent Management, and Organization Learning, and Intellectual capital, at Real Estate Tax Authority in Arab Republic of Egypt. The Research find out the need for attention and Talent Management on hand, as it has a significant effect of the Organization Learning on the one hand, and the Intellectual capital on the other hand. The path analysis model (AMOS)of high quality and completeness. indicating the refuse the seven hypotheses for research. .

المعلـوم من الدین بالضـرورة تعریفه ضوابطه حکمه

المعلوم من الدين بالضرورة تعريفه ضوابطه حکمه عبد التواب محمد محمد أحمد عثمان قسم أصول الدين، کلية الدراسات الإسلامية والعربية للبنين بالقاهرة، جامعة الأزهر، القاهرة، جمهورية مصر العربية. البريد الإلکتروني: abdeltawabothman.4@azhar.edu.eg الملخـص: يهدف هذا البحث إلى تناول مسألة (المعلوم من الدين بالضرورة) التي هي من المسائل المشترکة بين علمي أصول الدين وأصول الفقه، وتبين مدى التکامل بين العلمين، وقد قمت بوضع تعريف للمعلوم من الدين بالضرورة، وذکرت بعض الألفاظ التي تلتقي في بعض جوانبها مع المعلوم من الدين بالضرورة وتفترق في جوانب أخرى، مع ذکر بداية ظهور المصطلح بمرادفاته المختلفة مع بداية عصر التأليف والتدوين، وذکرت خصائص المعلوم من الدين بالضرورة، ومصادره، وشروطه، وحکم الإيمان به وحکم منکره، وبينت أن الجهل عذر شرعي في مسألة المعلوم من الدين بالضرورة في بعض الحالات، مع التنبيه على تقسيم الجهل إلى ما لا يمکن دفعه، وما يمکن التحرز منه. وقد اتبعت في هذا البحث المنهج التحليلي، وهو المنهج الذي يتم من خلاله دراسة الإشکالات العلمية المختلفة من خلال عدة طرق کالترکيب والتقويم والتفکيک، ويعد هذا المنهج ملائما للعلوم الشرعية بشکل کبير حيث يکثر استخدامه فيها، ويستخدم في المنهج التحليلي ثلاث عمليات وهي التفسير، النقد، والاستنباط ويتضح من هذا البحث مدى أصالة هذا المفهوم في الإسلام، خلافا لما يدعيه البعض من کونه مصطلحا حادثا لم يعرف في العصور الأولى للإسلام، ويمکن وضع ضوابط وخصائص لتمييز المعلوم من الدين بالضرورة عن غيره، وتحديد حکم منکره. It is known from religion by necessity، its definition، its controls، its rulings By: Abdul-Tawab Muhammad Muhammad Ahmad Othman Department of Fundamentals of Religion، College of Islamic and Arabic Studies for Boys in Cairo، Al-Azhar University، Cairo، Arab Republic of Egypt. E-mail abdeltawabothman.4@azhar.edu.eg Abstract: This research aims to address the issue of (the known from the religion by necessity)، which is one of the common issues between the sciences of the principles of religion and the principles of jurisprudence، and to show the extent of complementarity between the two sciences، and I have put a definition for the known from the religion by necessity، and I mentioned some words that meet in some aspects with the known from Religion necessarily differs in other aspects، while mentioning the beginning of the term’s emergence in its various synonyms with the beginning of the era of authorship and codification، and mentioned the characteristics of what is known from religion by necessity، its sources، conditions، the rule of belief in it and the rule of its denial، and it showed that ignorance is a legitimate excuse in the issue of what is known from religion necessarily in some cases، with a warning on dividing ignorance into what cannot be repelled، and what can be avoided. In this research، I have followed the analytical approach، which is the approach through which various scientific problems are studied through several methods such as synthesis، evaluation، and deconstruction. and deduction It is clear from this research the extent of the originality of this concept in Islam، contrary to what some claim that it is an accidental term that was not known in the early ages of Islam، and it is possible to set controls and characteristics to distinguish what is known from religion necessarily from others، and to determine the ruling of its denial.

اختطاف الرهائن فی منظور الفقه الإسلامی رؤیة فقهیة فی ضوء متغیرات المجتمع الدولی

اختطاف الرهائن في منظور الفقه الإسلامي رؤية فقهية في ضوء متغيرات المجتمع الدولي أحمد محمد لطفي أحمد . قسم الفقه المقارن ، کلية الشريعة والقانون بالدقهلية ، جامعة الأزهر ، جمهورية مصر العربية . البريد الإلکتروني : dr_ahmedlotfy31@yahoo.com ملخص : يعتبر اختطاف الرهائن من الأمور التي انتشرت في الواقع المعاصر، وذلک لاختلاف الدوافع والأسباب، الأمر الذي يعاني منه الکثير، دولا وأفراد، وقد اهتم الإسلام بوضع الحکم الشرعي لهذه المسألة، فأجازها في حالة الحرب باعتبارها أحد أنواع الأسلحة التي من الممکن استخدامها، ومنعها في حالة السلم على اعتبار أن الأصل في علاقة المسلمين بغيرهم هو السلم وليس الحرب، کما هو الراجح، کما نظم الإسلام القواعد التي بموجبها يتم التعامل مع الرهائن المخطوفين، فاعتبر إنسانيتهم في المقام الأول دون ما نظر إلى عقيدتهم أو انتماءاتهم، فاهتم بهم في سائر المراحل، کما نهى الإسلام عن تعريض حياتهم للخطر في مکان الاحتجاز، فکفل لهم أماکن يتم تهيئتها بما لا يضر بهم، وألزم الجنود من المسلمين بالرد عليهم ومحادثتهم وعدم التعالي عليهم، کل ذلک من منطلق کون الرهينة المخطوف إنسانا حتى ولو کان من جيش الأعداء. الکلمات المفتاحية : الاختطاف ، الرهائن ، الفقه ، الإسلام ، المجتمع ، الدولي . Hostage abduction in Islamic jurisprudence perspective Jurisprudence vision in light of the changes in the international community Ahmed Mohamed Lotfi Ahmed Department of Comparative Jurisprudence, Faculty of Sharia and Law in Dakahlia, Al-Azhar University, Arab Republic of Egypt. Email: dr_ahmedlotfy31@yahoo.com Abstract: The kidnapping of hostages is one of the things that have spread in contemporary reality, due to the different motives and causes, which afflict many countries and individuals, and Islam has paid attention to the legal ruling on this issue, so it is permitted in the event of war as one of the types of weapons that can be used and prevented in the event of Peace, given that the principle in the relationship of Muslims with others is peace and not war, as it is more likely. Islam has also organized the rules according to which the hostages are dealt with, so it considered their humanity in the first place without regard to their beliefs or affiliations, so it paid attention to them at all stages, as well as Islam forbade exposing their lives to danger in the place of detention, so it guaranteed places for them to be prepared in a way that would not harm them, and obligated Muslim soldiers to respond to them and talk to them and not to argue against them, all on the grounds that the kidnapped hostage is a human being even if he is from the enemy army. Key words: KIDNAPPING, Hostages , Jurisprudence , Islam, Community, The International.

Economic Study of the role of Technological Development in Banana Production in the Arab Republic of Egypt

Economic Study of the role of Technological Development in Banana Production in the Arab Republic of Egypt

International Schools and National Culture: A Comparative Study in The Arab Republic of Egypt, and Some Other Countries

International Schools and National Culture: A Comparative Study in The Arab Republic of Egypt, and Some Other Countries

Effect of Five Essential Oils as Green Disinfectants on Selected Photographic Prints: Experimental Study

Albumen, silver gelatin and chromogenic prints are found abundantly among photographic collections in Egypt. Due to the uncontrolled environment in archives and libraries, this precious visual heritage with its high protein and cellulose content provides the right culture medium required for fungal growth. Many essential oils have been proven to have antibacterial and antifungal properties. Essential oils offer a safe alternative to other common disinfection methods; however, their effect on the properties of photographs have not received much study. This paper studies the effect of vapors of anise, cinnamon, clove, lavender and thyme oils on albumen, silver gelatin and chromogenic prints, to find a proper disinfection method that is user-friendly and environmentally safe and respects the nature of photographic materials. Essential oils were provided by the National Research Center (NRC) in Cairo, Egypt. Artificially aged albumen prints, and naturally aged silver gelatin and chromogenic prints were exposed in desiccators to the selected essential oils in the vapor phase for a period of 5 days. All samples were artificially aged at a temperature of 80°C and 65% RH for a period of 5 days to study the long-term effects of the tested treatments. Treatments were evaluated using several techniques including visual inspection, microscopic inspection, colorimetric measurements, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results showed that all tested essential oils had a very slight effect on the tested photographic samples; however lavender oil was found to be the best option, specifically in terms of preserving the chemical properties of the photographic surfaces.