Anxiety is the condition in which an individual feels unpleasant and it imbeds tension, apprehension, and worries. Speaking anxiety is a type of anxiety that affects the process of speaking or oral performance. Regarding speaking, numerous studies have been conducted to find some anxiety-provoking factors. Afghanistan is a country where English is taught as a foreign language. Similar to other ESL/EFL contexts, Afghanistan EFL learners face various challenges such as being worried, losing self-confidence, communication apprehension, fear of being evaluated by others, etc when they speak in English. The purposes of this study are to find out the speaking anxiety-provoking factors and the differences between male and female speaking anxiety levels. Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope (1986) FLCAS (Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale) and interview questions are used for data collection. The respondents of the study are 15 male and 15 female students who are randomly selected at Bamyan University, Afghanistan. Besides, 4 male and 4 female students were interviewed. As a result, the study found some speaking anxiety factors such as fear of negative evaluation, lack of linguistics capacity, communication apprehension, lack of preparation and some other factors. This study also highlighted that female students have more speaking anxiety than male students at Bamyan University in Afghanistan.