Urban Development Efficiency Research Articles

The Ramification of Broadband Infrastructure Construction on Urban Development Efficiency Based on Computer Simulation

Computer-simulated broadband infrastructure construction is crucial for enhancing urban development efficiency. In this study, we examine the effects of the Broadband China pilot policy as a quasi-natural experiment on urban development efficiency. Employing a multi-period difference-in-difference (DID) model, we analyze panel data from 284 cities in China from 2009 to 2019 for insights on the impact of computer-simulated broadband infrastructure construction on urban development efficiency. Results indicate that post-Broadband China policy implementation, representing computer-simulated broadband infrastructure construction, the urban development efficiency of the treatment group is approximately 6.77% higher than the control group. Computer-simulated broadband infrastructure construction enhances urban development efficiency by improving factor resource allocation, expanding technology spillovers, and upgrading industrial structure. Temporally, computer-simulated broadband infrastructure construction significantly drives efficiency for up to 4 years, while spatially, it positively impacts surrounding urban development within 50-300 km. Continued Broadband China policy implementation is recommended for fostering high-quality urban development

Efficiency of urban development: gaps in continental profile

Abstract International authorities such as the European Commission and the United Nations pay special attention to sustainable urban development, for this purpose, strategies such as the European Green Deal or the Sustainable Development Strategy 2030 agenda, SDG 11 Sustainable cities and communities are developed. Urban development represents a fundamental direction in the transition process towards the green economy, a sustainable economic model. The paper aims to identify the degree of efficiency of economic development in the context of sustainable development for 41 cities in Romania, Germany, Japan, United States of America and Australia. To achieve this objective, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method is used, with the aim of identifying the gaps regarding the sustainability of the analyzed cities. Data Envelopment Analysis allows the evaluation of the efficiency of urban settlements in the sample based on representative variables, selected as input. So, the research is ready to give answer to question like “What are the efficient cities in terms of sustainability?” and “What are the relationships between the cities included in the sample?”. The main results showed that there are cities that have a model of sustainable economic development, but certain cities present significant gaps from the point of view of efficient sustainable economic development. In addition, port cities seem to develop an association relationship, with inefficient port cities being associated with efficient port cities.

Efficiency of China's urban development under carbon emission constraints: A city-level analysis

This study explores the efficiency of China's urban development under carbon emission constraint from 1996 to 2017. Firstly, it uses the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) and Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS) nightlight imaging to evaluate the carbon dioxide emission levels of 249 cities in China. Then, it utilises the epsilon-based measure (EBM) superefficiency model and Global Malmquist–Luenberger (GML) index to evaluate the urbanization efficiency and changes in the total factor productivity (TFP) of urban development of the 249 cities under carbon emission constraints. Results show that from 1996 to 2017, the total carbon emissions of the 249 cities grew during a rapid development stage, while the efficiency of urban development under carbon emission constraints showed fluctuation and did not increase significantly. The redundant improvement values of government fiscal expenditure, urban employees, urban fixed asset investment, foreign direct investment, and carbon emission increased in fluctuations. From the regional spatial perspective, the urbanization efficiency of western China was the highest, followed by the northeast region, the central region, and finally the eastern region. In addition, the driving factors of TFP of urbanization in China have improved as a whole. The application of nightlight imaging data and EBM superefficiency model improves the accuracy of urban development efficiency measurement. The findings of this study can provide a scientific basis for different regions and cities of different sizes to formulate carbon emission reduction strategies, and have important policy value for improving urban development efficiency in China. In addition, the research of index system should be deepened to further improve the measurement accuracy.

The Image of the "Smart City" Innopolis: Concepts and Everyday Life

The article represents the analysis of the vital activity of one of the youngest cities in Russia - Innopolis (Republic of Tatarstan), which is being built as a high-tech space, designed with modern concepts of urban development in mind. This is an ambitious project to create a special environment filled with modern “smart” infrastructure and “smart” management methods, as well as a space with an innovative economy fully focused on the work of large, medium and small companies in the field of high technologies and IT education. The focus of attention is the population of the city, the originality of which lies in the synthesis of its economic, historical, socio-demographic and ethnic characteristics. This is a newly formed urban community, where almost every resident is a newcomer. The history of the city officially began in 2015, the social structure of the city is in the process of formation. The population is represented mainly by specialists in the field of high technologies, by occupation they are management personnel, teaching staff, employees of IT companies. In the future, this group may be replenished with graduates of the country's first IT university, operating in the city, open both to local and foreign students. The demographic uniqueness of the city is in the young age of its inhabitants: two thirds of them are young people, including students. In essence, Innopolis is a multifaceted urban community, that is a social construct in the process of formation. The study of Innopolis and the social well-being of its residents is a rare opportunity to consider the current case of designing a “smart city” in modern Russia. Based on the analysis of conceptual approaches to the interpretation of the “smart city” phenomenon, the analysis of the compliance of the newly created urban environment with the main parameters of “smart” and effective urban development is carried out. The research is focused on finding quantitative and qualitative indicators of the level of satisfaction of residents and employees of the city of Innopolis with their lives in general. The level of satisfaction of residents with various aspects of the urban environment and the level of happiness are considered as the main integrated indicators. Based on the results of the empirical study, significant differences were found in the respondents' assessment of the qualitative and quantitative components of the city's life. On the whole, the general rather high level of satisfaction of the urban community with the new habitat is stated, making evident the potential for the further development of Innopolis as a “smart city” of happy people. Implementation of the “Smart City” concept and ensuring sustainable urban development in Innopolis actualises the need to involve the population in the formation and development of urban space, this being necessary for both the authorities and the population. For the authorities, this is an opportunity to use the socio-cultural potential of residents to increase the efficiency of urban development, for citizens - an opportunity to realise their expectations in the space of the “smart city” through active involvement in its daily life.

Theoretical and Methodological Problems of Improvement of Design and Town-Planning Activity

The multiplicity of subjects of urban development, which are characterized by different, sometimes conflicting interests, leaves its mark on the effectiveness of design solutions and the possibility of their implementation in the planned time. However, the duration of conciliation procedures of project documents, which distinguishes the modern stage of development of design and urban development activities and includes the processes of linking design decisions with regulatory requirements controlled by Supervisory authorities, Executive state bodies and local governments, as well as the process of public analysis of proposals by interested parties-all this reduces the overall efficiency of urban development. The solution of this problem is associated with the completeness and reliability of the initial data, their digital spatial "binding" and the distribution in the hierarchical structure of functionally different spatial cells that make up all types of objects of urban development, which objectively leads to the need to improve the methodological base of urban design activities in terms of the formation of an automated system of integration of documents of territorial planning, urban zoning and planning of territories. An approach to the definition of any urban object as a spatial cell of the corresponding size and the corresponding spatial and functional content is proposed. An important consequence of the considered approach will be the possibility of turning quite formal documents of territorial planning, urban zoning and planning of territories into justifying and calculating materials of income and expenditure parts of budgets of various levels.

IMPROVEMENT OF THE RUSSIAN CITIES’ TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

Introduction.The problems of congestion, ecology, and road safety in most of Russia’s major cities have been accumulated in the paper. Strategic planning documents aimed at updating the gene plan, improving the transport and route network, improving traffic safety, improving environmental performance and accessibility for people with disabilities are sent for such important problems solution. The paper presents the results of the scientific research conducted in large cities of Russia. Moreover, the review of the literature is presented, and the achievements of foreign science are taken into account.Materials and methods. Modern approaches to improving the system of public transport are given, the efficiency of high-speed transport modes, the organization of transport services for the disabled and low-mobility groups, traffic safety, ecology, and the implementation of the “Transport Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2030” are approved. As a criterion for the efficiency of improving the transport infrastructure, the level of its loading by various modes of transport is used.Results.The problems of influence of the city form on the formation of the transport frame, of the density of settlement and of the efficiency of urban development are considered. New methods of predicting the transport demand of the population, the level of the transport systems’ development and assessing accessibility are proposed. Therefore, the developed algorithms and recommendations for reducing the volume of transport infrastructure helps to improve its performance and availability. Such effect is achieved through the redistribution of transport and passenger flows between different modes of transport.Discussion and conclusion.The authors comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to improve the regulatory and methodological base of the transport industry constantly, improving the performance of the transport infrastructure of modern cities.

Efficiency of Urban Development under High-rise Construction of Districts

In article the problem of irrationally organized massive shabby, including emergency quarters on the example of St. Petersburg reveals. The goal of research: to offer a method of development (renovation) of urban areas by construction of quarters from exclusively high-rise buildings. Because of building of high-rise objects, considered quarters can assume more modern air, increase in the housing areas by 10 times not less in comparison with the previous indicators of this territory, the improved infrastructure of the area, and as a result, emergence of new workplaces. Authors made the analysis of economic indicators of the investment project. The minimum term, for which saved-up income exceeds initial investments (a project payback period) made 2.3 years. The analysis of risks is presented in this article

Study on Promotion Strategy of Information Product Based on Evaluation of Urban Development Efficiency

Selecting the main indicators of national economic development, using cluster analysis to evaluate 17 cites in Shandong Province with the perspective of economic development and dividing them into 4 similar city groups. Using super-efficiency DEA model to evaluate economic develop efficiency of the cities in different city groups. In this paper, we propose that new product promotion should be gradually covered from cities of higher efficiency to the lower ones in the city groups. The result of the study is to provide decision-making basis for developing specific strategies of product promotion.

A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Skyscrapers

Skyscrapers are urbanism in the extreme, but they have received surprisingly little attention in urban economics. The standard urban model emphasizes differentials in access across locations, which determine land price differentials and building heights. This explanation leaves out an important force that appears to have historically influenced skyscraper construction: an inherent value placed on being the tallest. In this paper, we present a gametheoretic model of skyscraper development that captures this additional force. The model predicts dissipative competition over the prize of being tallest, a prediction consistent with the historical record. The paper discusses the implications of this result for the nature and efficiency of urban development and for the operation of urban real estate markets.

A game-theoretic analysis of skyscrapers

Skyscrapers are urbanism in the extreme, but they have received surprisingly little direct attention in urban economics. The standard urban model emphasizes differentials in access across locations, which determine land price differentials and building heights. This explanation leaves out an important force that appears to have historically influenced skyscraper construction: an inherent value placed on being the tallest. In this paper, we present a game-theoretic model of skyscraper development that captures this additional force. The model predicts dissipative competition over the prize of being tallest, a prediction consistent with the historical record. The paper discusses the implications of this result for the nature and efficiency of urban development and for the operation of urban real estate markets.