Efficacy Of Low-level Laser Therapy Research Articles

Effects of low-level laser therapy versus soft occlusive splints on mouth opening and surface electromyography in females with temporomandibular dysfunction: A randomized-controlled study.

BackgroundLow level lasers have been used as an alternative pain relief therapy for muscle and joint pain, since it induces analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and biomodulation effects of the physiological cell functions. The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) treatment, however, is not well established. Although Surface electromyography (sEMG) has been suggested as a complementary means in TMD diagnosis, the effect of conservative treatments on muscle activity has not yet been thoroughly correlated with (sEMG) findings.PurposeTo assess the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as compared to occlusive splint therapy (OST) on the TMJ opening index (TOI) and sEMG of masticatory muscles.Materials and methods112 female subjects suffering from unilateral myogenous TMD, aged 21–30 years-old, were recruited and divided into three groups: LLLT; soft occlusive splint therapy OST and a waitlist group as controls.Outcome measuresTMJ opening index (TOI), Visual analogue scale (VAS), surface electromyography (sEMG).ResultsA significant reduction was reported in TOI, VAS and the sEMG within the LLLT and OST groups as well as significant decrease in all outcomes between groups in favor of the LLLT group (P< 0.0001). Meanwhile, there was a weak significant difference within the control group probably attributed to the analgesic. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons between groups [control vs occlusive splints, control vs low-level laser and low-level laser vs occlusive splints] revealed significant differences in the VAS and TOI [P = 0.0001; 95% CI: 0.9–2.2, 1.61–4.01, 0.65–1.96].ConclusionsFindings support an evident short term therapeutic effect of the LLLT on improving VAS, TOI and sEMG in females suffering from myogenous TMD.

Dose-response and efficacy of low-level laser therapy on diabetic foot ulcers healing: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundCurrent evidence shows that low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is an effective non-invasive and non-pharmacological strategy to treat diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). However, knowledge of parameterization efficacy remains unclear. Methods: This randomized, double-blind, controlled trial will be conducted at the Physical Therapy University Clinic. Eighty volunteers will be randomized into four groups. The control group will receive placebo LLLT + conventional treatment. The three active groups will receive 10 (G10), 8 (G8), or 4 J/cm2 (G4) of GaAs 904 nm LLLT plus conventional treatment twice a week for 20 sessions. Conventional treatment involves cleaning and dressing the ulcers. The main outcome will be the area of ulcers and Wagner classification score. Assessments will take place before treatment, after 5 and 10 weeks of treatment, and in the third month after treatment, by a blinded evaluator. Implications: This trial can potentially provide important information and assist in clinical decision-making regarding DFU treatment with LLLT.Trial Registration:NCT04246814, registered 29th January 2020.

Comparative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy with different wavelengths and transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation in the treatment of pain caused by temporomandibular disorders: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

To assess the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with different wavelengths and transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) and explore the optimal wavelength range of laser application in the treatment of pain caused by temporomandibular disorders (TMD). An electronic search on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science was undertaken to identify the randomised clinical trials (RCTs) published from database inception to 16 April 2021, aiming to compare the effects of LLLT with different wavelengths (632.8-672nm, 780-904nm, and 910-1100nm) or TENS or placebo group on TMD patients pain reduction. In addition, manual search of the studies was performed. The reviewers assessed the risk of bias of individual studies with the Cochrane risk of bias tool and excluded the RCTs with a high risk of bias in any field. Meanwhile, the reviewers, after performing the network meta-analysis, assessed the quality of evidence, which contributed to network estimate via the GRADE framework. Twenty-seven RCTs with 969 patients with TMD were included. In the meta-analysis, all treatment groups showed an overall improvement in pain scores, when compared with the placebo group. LLLT with wavelength ranging from 910nm to 1100nm produced more pain relief in the visual analogue scale (VAS) immediately after treatment [mean difference (MD)=4.68, 95% confidence interval (CI):(3.08,6.28)]. After one-month follow-up, LLLT with wavelength ranging from 910nm to 1100nm also showed superior pain-relieving effects [MD=3.61, 95% CI: (-1.77, 8.99)]. However, no significant difference was observed. Based on the SUCRA ranking, L3 ranked first immediately after treatment and 1month later. The results of the meta-analysis showed the LLLT had better short-term efficacy than TENS in the treatment of pain caused by TMD. Better results can be achieved with higher wavelengths. Therefore, we recommended to treat TMD using LLLT with wavelength ranging from 910nm to 1100nm.

Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in nerve injury repair-a new era in therapeutic agents and regenerative treatments.

Traumatic nerve injuries may result in severe motor dysfunctions. Although the microenvironment of peripheral axons favors their regeneration, regenerative process is not always successful. We reviewed and discussed the main findings obtained with low-level laser therapy (LLLT), a therapeutic intervention that has been employed in order to achieve an optimized regeneration process in peripheral axons. Disseminating the best available evidence for the effectiveness of this therapeutic strategy can potentially improve the statistics of success in the clinical treatment of nerve injuries. We found evidence that LLLT optimizes the regeneration of peripheral axons, improving motor function, especially in animal models. Nonetheless, further clinical evidence is still needed before LLLT can be strongly recommended. Although the results are promising, the elucidation of the mechanisms of action and safety assessment are necessary to support highquality clinical studies. The present careful compilation of findings with consistent pro-regenerative evidence and published in respected scientific journals can be valuable for health professionals and researchers in the field, possibly contributing to achieve more promising results in future randomized controlled trials and interventions, providing better prognosis for clinical practice.

A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) of Wavelength 905 NM and 808 NM in Management of Chronic Low Back Pain

Background: low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders whichare highly prevalent among the general population. Management of this disorder includes numerousinterventions which depend on severity of pain. Laser therapy is a non-invasive method to help reducemusculoskeletal disorders like chronic low back pain. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of lowlevel laser therapy with wavelength 905 nm &amp; 808 nm.Method: The participants received low level laser therapy with wavelength 905 nm &amp; 808 nm once aday for 15 days. Stretching, strengthening and core exercise are also encouraged on the same days toimprove the lower back mobility and stability.Conclusion: The comparison of pain shows an average improvement of 3.20 ± 0.99 and 2.26 ± 0.44and disability shows an average improvement of 10.67 ± 5.48 and 10.22 ± 4.72 in 905 nm &amp; 808 nmrespectively. The findings show that, after 15 treatment sessions, Laser therapy with 905 nm &amp; 808 nmare effective for chronic low back pain. But 905 nm LLLT had a better clinical implication than 808nm LLLT.

Low-level laser therapy for oral mucositis in children with cancer

ObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of oral low-level laser therapy (LLLT) – also known as photobiomodulation – in the reduction of oral mucositis experienced by children and young people with cancer...

The Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Pain Induced by Orthodontic Separator Placement: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in orthodontic separator pain. Methods: This article was written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Electronically and manually 3 databases, namely PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar, were searched by the keywords that were selected based on population, intervention, comparison and outcome (PICO) on October 10, 2020. Studies were appraised by Cochrane version 5.2.0 with 7 domains and were checked by these inclusion criteria: 1. Randomized clinical trial (RCT) that examined the efficacy of LLLT in separator pain, 2. Split-mouth design, 3. LLLT application in the first hours after separator placement, 4. LLLT application to both sides of the teeth, 5. Patients receiving elastomeric separators between the premolars and molars, 6. Lasers with a wavelength of 800-899 nm, 7. Studies conducted from 2010 to 2020, and 8. Participants who went through orthodontic treatment without limitation in gender, age and social-economic status. Results: 299 studies were screened. 34 full-text papers were read by 2 authors independently. In the end, 4 articles met the inclusion criteria. All 4 articles showed LLLT has a significant impact on pain reduction. Conclusion: The exact protocol for laser therapy is still not clear. Therefore, more studies with a meticulously designed method are needed.

Male autoimmune infertility: analysis of results and prediction of efficacy of low-level laser therapy in infrared spectrum

INTRODUCTION: Autoimmune infertility is diagnosed in 515% of men. Currently applied methods of medical therapy of autoimmune male infertility are not very effective, which requires the development of new ones and creation of predictive algorithms for their efficacy.&#x0D; The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in infrared spectrum on MAR-test rate and sperm fertile properties in men with autoimmune infertility, develop ways to predict the efficacy of this therapy.&#x0D; PATIENTS AND METHODS: 47 men with autoimmune infertility were examined. 31 of them (1st group) underwent course of LLLT in infrared spectrum (10 procedures), and 16 patients (2nd group, comparison) had placebo-laser therapy sessions (10 procedures). MAR-test value, main semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation were assessed before and after the treatment. For creation of LLLT efficacy algorithm we used discriminate analysis.&#x0D; RESULTS: In patients of the 1st group we indicated statistically significant decrease of MAR-test by an average of 19% immediately after the course of procedures, and by 33% within two months after the end of the treatment, at its initial level 60% or lower. LLLT contributed to improvement of the semen fertile properties, pregnancy developed in the natural reproductive cycle in 19% of couples. We developed math model for prediction the efficacy of LLLT in infrared spectrum of autoimmune male infertility.&#x0D; CONCLUSION: LLLT in infrared spectrum of male autoimmune infertility leads to MAR-test value decrease at its initial level less than 60%; improves sperm fertile properties. It is appropriate to use before LLLT predictive algorithm of its efficacy developed by us.

Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Management of Temporomandibular Joint Pain: A Double Blind and Placebo Controlled Trial.

Stomatognathic system is an interaction of the muscles of mastication, dentition, neural component, and temporomandibular joint. Any dysfunction in this system may lead to temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Various non-surgical modalities have been employed for treating TMDs. The aim of the study was to objectively evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in treatment of patients with TMDs. Sixty individuals diagnosed with TMDs were divided randomly into two groups (Group I-placebo and Group II -LLLT). A series of 20 sessions of LLLT applied both in closed mouth and maximum mouth opening position were given over a period of 08weeks. Assessment was done in terms of improvement in mouth opening, pain, clicking, and deviation of mandible. The data collected were analyzed statistically. The results showed improvement in the pain reduction, improvement in the maximum mouth opening, reduction in deviation, and clicking in both groups but better treatment outcome in the low-level laser group. Though conservative measures improved the symptoms in TMD but LLLT has shown better results in comparison with the placebo group. Being non-surgical can be employed in combination with other modes for effectively treating such disorders. Keywords: Pain, Dysfunction, Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs), Low-level laser therapy (LLLT).

Comparison of effects of low-level laser therapy and extracorporeal shock wave therapy in calcaneal spur treatment: A prospective, randomized, clinical study.

Objectives In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of calcaneal spurs. Patients and methods A total of 62 patients (14 males, 48 females; mean age: 47.6±11.7 years; range, 18 to 70 years) who were diagnosed with calcaneal spurs based on clinical examination and plain radiography between April 2019 and September 2019 were included in this study. A total of 15 sessions of plantar fascia gastroc-soleus stretching exercises and cold pack treatments were given to both groups. The LLLT (904 nm wavelength, 3,000 Hz, 8 J/cm2 dose to the painful heel area and insertion of the plantar fascia on the medial calcaneal area, five points for a total of 5 min for three weeks) was applied to the first group (n=31), whereas ESWT (10 Hz, 2,000 shock waves with a 2.5 bar pressure into the areas of the painful heel, insertion of the plantar fascia on the medial calcaneal area) was applied the second group (n=31). All patients were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Foot Function Index (FFI) before and after treatment. Results In both groups, the median VAS and FFI scores after treatment showed a significant improvement, compared to pre-treatment scores (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the median post-treatment VAS scores (p>0.05). In the ESWT group, the median FFI pain and total scores after treatment were significantly lower than in the LLLT group (p=0.033). The change in the median FFI pain and total scores were significantly higher in the ESWT group (p=0.046). Conclusion Both treatment modalities are effective and not superior to each other in terms of disability and activity limitation reduction, although a greater improvement in the FFI pain and total scores can be achieved with the ESWT. Based on these findings, we recommend both non-invasive treatment methods to be used in the treatment of calcaneal spurs in the clinical practice.

Efficacy of Minoxidil Combined With Photobiomodulation for the Treatment of Male Androgenetic Alopecia. A Double-Blind Half-Head Controlled Trial.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a hair loss disorder that frequently affects the male population. Conventional treatment modalities are limited to minoxidil, 5α reductase inhibitors, and hair transplantation procedures. The efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as photobiomodulation, in the treatment of AGA has been reported, yet little is known about the outcomes of combining photobiomodulation with other conventional therapies. To evaluate hair growth improvement in males with AGA, during the administration of minoxidil with and without photobiomodulation, using a half-head model. Twenty-one men with AGA agreed to undergo 12 minutes of low-level laser irradiation (using a modified Capellux®), followed by topical minoxidil application (1 mlof 5% solution), to the affected scalp two times per day for 6 months. The photobiomodulation devices were modified such that the left half emitted light, and the right half did not. Efficacy was assessed by blinded analyses of clinical photos and automated phototrichograms (Trichoscan®) taken before treatment and after 3 and 6 months of therapy. None of the study participants experienced any adverse events. All patients showed improvements in hair coverage on both sides of the scalp at 3 and 6 months. On the side with combined treatments, the number of total hairs was significantly increased after 3 (P < 0.001) and 6 months (P = 0.001). A similar increase was also observed on theminoxidil-only side, at both 3 (P < 0.001) and 6 months (P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were detected between sides (P > 0.05). Additional improvement was not observed with the association of photobiomodulation to topical minoxidil in male AGA. Differences from previous studies that might have influenced our result includenon-collimated light source, higher dosimetry, and a cohort with darker skin phototype and more severe alopecia. Lasers Surg. Med. 2021. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Effect of Light-Emitting Diode Phototherapy on Allograft Bone After Open Sinus Lift Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial (Concurrent Parallel).

Introduction: Phototherapy with a light-emitting diode (LED) is used in medicine due to its potential bio-stimulatory effects on the human body. However, controversy still exists regarding the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and phototherapy with LED. This in vivo study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the newly formed bone following LED phototherapy of the human maxillary sinuses. Methods: This randomized clinical trial (concurrent parallel) was conducted on 44 patients in two groups (n=22) at the Implant Department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Randomization was done by a random sequence generator program. The inclusion criteria were absence of chronic sinusitis and chronic bone marrow conditions, no history of surgery at the site, absence of diabetes mellitus, no history of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, maxillary premolar edentulism, and signing informed consent forms. Group A underwent LED phototherapy with 620 ± 2 nm wavelength for 20 minutes daily for a total of 21 days after sinus lift surgery. Group B served as the control group and did not receive phototherapy. After 6 months, the grafted sites were re-opened for implant placement, and bone biopsy samples were obtained using a trephine bur. The samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and inspected under a light microscope. The results were statistically analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Both the surgeon and pathologist were blinded to the group allocation of patients. Results: Forty tissue specimens were analyzed. Insignificant differences existed between the two groups in terms of the degree of inflammation, bone quality, and maturity of collagen. Histological analyses revealed no significant difference in the mineralized areas of bone between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that LED phototherapy cannot significantly enhance osteogenesis after sinus lift surgery. No side effects were observed in the experimental group.

Clinical and experimental knowledge of photobiomodulation in accelerated orthodontics: a review

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in finding a noninvasive method to induce the acceleration of dental movement, methods such as low intensity vibrations, pulsed electromagnetic fields, and low-level laser therapy (LLLT). There have been multiple studies on the efficacy of LLLT in animal models, in vitro and in patients without conclusive results. Objective: Evaluate the state of the art on the use of LLLT to increase the rate of the orthodontic tooth movement to create a concise reference guide of the different laser and protocols available. Materials and Methods: We searched online databases for articles with the keywords LLLT, LLLI, OTM, photobiomodulation. Results: We found conflicting information as to the efficacy of LLLT to accelerate OTM. There is no consensus in the way the irradiation should be performed. Conclusions: The lack of a standardized irradiation protocol makes it hard to compare conflicting results, even in cases where the laser have the same technical specifications.

Low-level laser therapy in cases of dentin hypersensitivity

Dentin hypersensitivity is characterized by short, sharp pain in response to a stimulus – thermal, drying, tactile, osmotic or chemical. These stimuli cause an unpleasant sensation lasting from seconds to minutes after provocation. Many alternative treatment methods have been introduced. One of the options is the use of low-level laser therapy, whose effect is based on the increase of the excitability threshold of the free nerve endings causing an analgesic effect, as well as on the stimulation of pulp mesenchymal cells to differentiate into odontoblasts and produce reparative dentin. To investigate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy in treating dentin hypersensitivity, we selected a group of patients complaining of sensitivity at the cervical area of teeth provoked by stimuli such as air, touch and cold spray. The patients were with good oral hygiene and with intact teeth or small non-carious cervical lesions. They confirmed the absence of serious systematic and psychological diseases; some of them smoked electronic cigarettes, which may aggravate the pain. The patients were submitted to six sessions of treatment of dentin hypersensitivity with intervals from 48 to 72 hours, as indicated by the manufacturer of the low-intensity laser device. The painful sensation was measured before each of the six sessions and immediately after the treatment. The results were evaluated by using a four-point scale. The answers assessment showed good results – there was a decrease of the pain sensation from 3-4 level to 1-2 level. Yet, we have to interpret this carefully, because pain evaluation is subjective and some of the smokers have quit smoking electronic cigarettes during the treatment. As a method of curing dentin hypersensitivity, the low-level laser therapy shows a good treatment efficacy, but needs further continuous follow-up.

Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy on Hand Foot Syndrome Associated with Chemotherapy

we speculate that low level laser might decrease the inflammatory reactions and pain associated with hand foot syndrome because low-level laser therapy, has proven high efficacy in the management of chemotherapy/radiation-induced oral mucositis and radiation-induced dermatitis that might share some physio- pathological characteristics with hand foot syndrome,

EFFICACY OF LOW-LEVEL LASER THERAPY ON FISTULA-IN-ANO TREATMENT.

Fistulous area being A control and B laser group: Arrows indicate fistulous tract much thinner in B. Treating anal fistulae is still a great challenge due to the possibility of fecal incontinence after surgery and that the use of laser has been gaining space in medicine, including as an inducing method of healing. To evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy on fistula-in-ano treatment in rats. Fifteen male Wistar rats weighing approximately 250-300g were used, which were subjected to the anal fistula induction procedure and after 30 days were distributed into two groups: control group (CG, n=5) and laser group (LG, n=10) observed for another 30 days. In the CG no treatment was performed and, in the LG, low-level laser therapy was applied in fistulous tracts daily. The closure of the fistulous tract, the area of the remaining tract, the inflammatory infiltrate and vascular congestion were evaluated. There was no complete closure of the tract in any of the animals. The mean area of the remaining tract was 847.2 µm2 in the CG and 248.5 µm2 in the LG (p=0.001). The mean inflammatory infiltrate score was 2.4 in the CG and 1.3 in the LG (p=0.0285), while in the evaluation of vascular congestion, 1.6 was observed in the CG and 0.6 in the LG (p=0.031). Low-level laser therapy was able to reduce the area of the fistulous tracts as well as decrease the inflammatory process and local vascular congestion.

Low-level laser therapy in temporomandibular joint disorders: a systematic review.

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) encompass a wide array of ailments affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles of mastication, and the allied structural framework. Myofascial pain, internal derangement of the joint, and degenerative joint diseases constitute the majority of TMDs. TMDs usually have a multifactorial etiology, and treatment modalities range from conservative therapies to surgical interventions. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has evolved as an efficient non-invasive therapeutic modality in TMDs. Previously conducted systematic reviews and meta-analyses have shown variable results regarding the efficiency of LLLT in TMJ disorder patients. Hence, this systematic review was carried out as an attempt to evaluate the efficacy of LLLT in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder patients.

Efficacy of low-level laser therapy combined with exercise for subacromial impingement syndrome: A randomised controlled trial

Objective: To investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) combined with exercise on shoulder pain and disability in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). Design: Randomised controlled trial. Setting: Pontifical Catholic University. Subjects: We enrolled 120 subacromial impingement syndrome patients Intervention: Groups I (n = 42), II (n = 42) and III (n = 36) were treated with Low-level laser therapy and exercise, exercise only and Low-level laser therapy only, respectively. Interventions were conducted three times a week for 8 weeks. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the change in shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). Secondary outcomes included changes in the numeric pain rating scale and medication intake. Results: Average ages of patients in groups I, II and III were 51.9 ± 8.7 years, 56.0 ± 10.4 years and 54.2 ± 7.1 years, respectively. Pain scores at baseline (P = 0.829), 2 months (P = 0.057) and 3 months follow-ups (p = 0.004) were 6.8 (4.7–7.7), 0.2 (0.0–0.5) and 0.3 (0.0–1.0) for group I; 6.6 (5.7–8.0), 0.5 (0.2–2.0) and 0.2 (0.0–3.3) for group II; and 6.5 (5.1–7.4), 2.4 (0.1–6.7) and 4.0 (2.0–5.0) for group III, respectively. SPADI scores at baseline (P = 0.029), 2 months (P < 0.001) and 3 months follow-ups (P = 0.001) were 60.8 (37.7–70.8), 3.8 (0.0–10.8) and 2.3 (0.8–10.8) for group I; 61.5 (41.5–71.5), 9.2 (3.8–29.2) and 14.2 (1.5–38.0) for the group II; and 73.3 (59.2–80.8), 34.2 (16.9–54.6) and 33.1 (22.3–49.2) for the group III, respectively. Conclusion: Low-level laser therapy combined with exercises reduce pain intensity, improve shoulder function and reduces pain intensity and medication intake over 3 months. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT 02725749

Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy for Tinnitus: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.

Study Objective: Tinnitus is a common disorder characterized by sound in the ear in the absence of external or internal stimuli. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was discovered enhancing tissue repair via increasing the blood microcirculation and cell proliferation in 1960s. In the last two decades, LLLT delivered to the cochlea has frequently been used to reduce the severity of tinnitus. However, whether LLLT effectively attenuates the severity of tinnitus remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy on adult patients with complaints of tinnitus. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Interventions: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Measurements: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score; improvement rates of the visual analog scale (VAS), verbal rating scale (VRS) and numeric rating scale (NRS) scores. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception through 17 September 2020. Randomized control trials that involved adult patients with complaints of tinnitus, compared LLLT to a placebo and provided sufficient information for meta-analysis were considered eligible. Main Results: Overall, 11 studies involving 670 patients were included. No significant difference in the overall effect according to the THI score (mean difference (MD), −2.85; 95% CI, −8.99 to 3.28; p = 0.362; I2 = 0%) and the rating scale score improvement rate (risk ratio (RR), 1.35; 95% CI, 0.81 to 2.27; p = 0.250; I2 = 67%) was demonstrated between patients receiving LLLT and those receiving a placebo. None of the subgroup analyses showed significant differences, regardless of underlying sensorineural hearing loss, the number of irradiation sessions or the wavelength used. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that the value of LLLT in controlling the severity of tinnitus remains unclear, in part due to the relatively small number of patients and underlying heterogeneity. More large-scale investigations of LLLT for tinnitus related to inner ear disease are required to further elucidate the therapeutic effects.

Our experience of application of low-level laser therapy in red spectrum in male idiopathic secretory infertility

Introduction. Due to insufficient efficacy of medical therapy of idiopathic secretory male infertility there is a need to develop and apply more resultative methods of treatment.&#x0D; The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in red spectrum on sperm parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDNAF) and MAR-test rate in men with idiopathic infertility.&#x0D; Patients and methods. 85 men with idiopathic infertility were examined, 50 of them (first group) were treated with LLLT and 35 (second group) didnt have course of LLLT. Average age of patients of the first and second groups was 31.4 1.3 and 32.3 1.4 years. LLLT was performed in red spectrum on a Rubin-C device (Russia). 10 laser therapy procedures were carried out every two days with active luminescence for 10 minutes of both testicles. Male hormone panel, semen analysis, MAR-test, SDNAF were assessed before and after the treatment.&#x0D; Results. LLLT in patients of the first group resulted in significant increase in ejaculate volume, sperm viability, number of morphologically normal sperm forms (by an average of 11, 9 and 23% respectively), and active mobile sperm forms by an average of 14 and 19% one and two months after the therapy respectively. In 12 patients of the first group with initially increased SDNAF its level became normal after the treatment. Significant decrease of MAR-test we searched out in patients of the first group with its initial level less than 30%. As a result of the treatment, pregnancies developed in 10 (20%) out of 50 couples in the first group.&#x0D; Conclusions. LLLT in red spectrum leads to significant improvement of sperm quality in patients with idiopathic infertility, normalizes sperm DNA-fragmentation level and decreases MAR-test level.