Effectiveness Of Sleep Interventions Research Articles

Type 1 Diabetes, Sleep, and Hypoglycemia.

To review the relationship between sleep and hypoglycemia, sleep characteristics, and their associations with glycemic control in persons with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The effects of sleep interventions and diabetes technology on sleep are summarized. Nocturnal hypoglycemia affects objective and subjective sleep quality and is related to behavioral, psychological, and physiological factors. Sleep disturbances are common, including inadequate sleep, impaired sleep efficiency, poor subjective satisfaction, irregular timing, increased daytime sleepiness, and sleep apnea. Some have a bidirectional relationship with glycemic control. Preliminary evidence supports sleep interventions (e.g., sleep extension and sleep coach) in improving sleep and glycemic control, while diabetes technology use could potentially improve sleep. Hypoglycemia and sleep disturbances are common among persons with T1D. There is a need to develop sleep promotion programs and test their effects on sleep, glucose, and related outcomes (e.g., self-care, psychological health).

Effects of sleep interventions on cancer-related fatigue and quality of life in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Nondrug treatments are potentially beneficial for cancer patients. However, the effect of sleep on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and quality of life (QOL) in cancer patients remains unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the efficacy of sleep in cancer patients undergoing treatment. The PubMed, Ovid, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched to identify suitable studies. Stata 15.0 software was used for statistical analyses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted. Fourteen studies (6 in English and 8 in Chinese) involving 1151 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Ten, five, and six studies that assessed the effects of sleep on CRF, QOL, and quality of sleep, respectively, in cancer patients undergoing treatment were identified. Sleep interventions significantly affected overall CRF (standardized mean difference (SMD) = -1.52, P < 0.01), overall QOL (SMD = 1.20, P < 0.01), physical fatigue (SMD = -0.66, P < 0.01), cognitive fatigue (SMD = -0.38, P = 0.015), and physical function (SMD = 0.64, P < 0.01). Comprehensive intervention measures focusing on sleep, sleep nondrug interventions, and interventions for ≥3 or <3 months affect CRF. However, no significant effects on emotional fatigue, emotional function, perpetual fatigue, depression, or quality of sleep were observed. Comprehensive interventions focusing on sleep are helpful for CRF. Sleep interventions may only affect physiological function and have no effect on emotional function, perpetual function, or sleep quality. Future research should focus on how to combine sleep interventions with psychological, social, cognitive, and emotional interventions and provide targeted comprehensive nursing measures to better improve CRF, sleep quality, and QOL.

Pediatric Sleep Difficulties: How OTs Address Sleep as an Occupation

Abstract Date Presented 04/13/21 This study examines the current practices of OTs in the treatment of sleep difficulties in children. The study used a survey design to explore assessment methods, interventions, and preparedness of pediatric OTs in addressing sleep. The study lays the foundation for the need for future research in effectiveness of sleep interventions in the pediatric population. Primary Author and Speaker: Aimee Piller Additional Authors and Speakers: Kimberly Lieberman, Abraham Kim, Erin Thrasher, and Theresa Guzaldo

The role of depressive symptoms and symptom dimensions in actigraphy-assessed sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity.

Considering the heterogeneity of depression, distinct depressive symptom dimensions may be differentially associated with more objective actigraphy-based estimates of physical activity (PA), sleep and circadian rhythm (CR). We examined the association between PA, sleep, and CR assessed with actigraphy and symptom dimensions (i.e. mood/cognition, somatic/vegetative, sleep). Fourteen-day actigraphy data of 359 participants were obtained from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. PA, sleep, and CR estimates included gross motor activity (GMA), sleep duration (SD), sleep efficiency (SE), relative amplitude between daytime and night-time activity (RA) and sleep midpoint. The 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology was used to assess depressive symptoms, which were categorised in three depression dimensions: mood/cognition, somatic/vegetative, and sleep. GMA and RA were negatively associated with higher score on all three symptom dimensions: mood/cognition (GMA: β = -0.155, p < 0.001; RA: β = -0.116, p = 0.002), somatic/vegetative (GMA: β = -0.165, p < 0.001; RA: β = -0.133, p < 0.001), sleep (GMA: β = -0.169, p < 0.001; RA: β = -0.190, p < 0.001). The association with sleep was more pronounced for two depression dimensions: longer SD was linked to somatic/vegetative (β = 0.115, p = 0.015) dimension and lower SE was linked to sleep (β = -0.101, p = 0.011) dimension. As three symptom dimensions were associated with actigraphy-based low PA and dampened CR, these seem to be general indicators of depression. Sleep disturbances appeared more linked to the somatic/vegetative and sleep dimensions; the effectiveness of sleep interventions in patients reporting somatic/vegetative symptoms may be explored, as well as the potential of actigraphy to monitor treatment response to such interventions.

Systematic review and meta-analyses of the relationship between short sleep and incidence of obesity and effectiveness of sleep interventions on weight gain in preschool children.

The aim of this study is to determine (a) whether short sleep is associated with the incidence of obesity and (b) whether interventions beneficial for sleep reduce weight gain in preschool children. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane up to 12/09/2019. (a) Studies that were included were prospective, had follow-up ≥1 year, with sleep duration at baseline and required outcome measures. (b) Intervention trials with sleep intervention and measures of overweight or obesity were included. Data were extracted according to PRISMA guidelines. (a) The risk of developing overweight/obesity was greater in short sleeping children (13 studies, 42 878 participants, RR: 1.54; 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.77; p < 0.001). Sleep duration was associated with a significant change in BMI z-score (10 studies, 11 cohorts and 29 553 participants) (mean difference: -0.02 unit per hour sleep; -0.03 to -0.01; p < 0.001). (b) Four of the five intervention studies reported improved outcomes: for BMI (-0.27 kg/m2 ; -0.50 to -0.03; p = 0.03); for BMI z-score (-0.07 unit; -0.12 to -0.02; p = 0.006). Short sleep duration is a risk factor or marker of the development of obesity in preschool children. Intervention studies suggest that improved sleep may be beneficially associated with a reduced weight gain in these children.

Pediatric Sleep Difficulties: How OTs Address Sleep as an Occupation

Abstract Date Presented 03/28/20 This study examines the current practices of OTs in the treatment of sleep difficulties in children. The study used a survey design to explore assessment methods, interventions, and preparedness of pediatric OTs in addressing sleep. The study lays the foundation for the need for future research in effectiveness of sleep interventions in the pediatric population. Primary Author and Speaker: Aimee Piller Additional Authors and Speakers: Elizabeth Torrez, Katie Hawk, Mekenzie Keenportz, Kelly Maki, Tara Rudkoski

A Systematic Review on the Effects of Nonpharmacological Sleep Interventions on Cardiometabolic Risk or Disease Outcomes.

Many authors of epidemiological studies have documented the detrimental effects of insufficient or poor sleep on cardiometabolic health. However, little is known about the effects of sleep interventions on the individuals with cardiometabolic risks/diseases. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the mediating effects of nonpharmacological sleep interventions, which were defined as interventions not involving the use of medications or invasive methods to alter sleep, on cardiometabolic outcomes among adults with cardiometabolic risks/diseases. A systematic search of randomized controlled trials was conducted in 5 electronic databases from inception to November 2019. The Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes of this review was the effects of nonpharmacological sleep interventions on sleep and cardiometabolic outcomes among the adults with cardiometabolic risks/diseases as compared with any control methods. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility for inclusion and methodological quality. Narrative analysis was performed when meta-analysis was not appropriate. Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies included exercise-based, sleep hygiene, and cognitive behavioral therapy interventions to improve sleep among adults who are overweight or obese and patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. All of the exercise-based interventions were effective in improving sleep, but not to an extent that can positively influence cardiometabolic health. The mediating effects on cardiometabolic risks were more apparent for the sleep hygiene and cognitive behavioral therapy interventions, despite the small number of pilot-scale studies in this area. The mediating effects of sleep improvement on cardiometabolic risk/disease control were inconclusive. More research to examine the effect of sleep-related risk-factor modification on cardiovascular health is warranted.

The Effect of Sleep Intervention on Social-emotional Development in Early Childhood

The Effect of Sleep Intervention on Social-emotional Development in Early Childhood

IGNORING CHILDREN'S BEDTIME CRYING: THE POWER OF WESTERN-ORIENTED BELIEFS.

Ignoring children's bedtime crying (ICBC) is an issue that polarizes parents as well as pediatricians. While most studies have focused on the effectiveness of sleep interventions, no study has yet questioned which parents use ICBC. Parents often find children's sleep difficulties to be very challenging, but factors such as the influence of Western approaches to infant care, stress, and sensitivity have not been analyzed in terms of ICBC. A sample of 586 parents completed a questionnaire to investigate the relationships between parental factors and the method of ICBC. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Latent variables were used to measure parental stress (Parental Stress Scale; J.O. Berry & W.H. Jones, 1995), sensitivity (Situation-Reaction-Questionnaire; Y. Hänggi, K. Schweinberger, N. Gugger, & M. Perrez, 2010), Western-oriented parental beliefs (Rigidity), and children's temperament (Parenting Stress Index; H. Tröster & R.R. Abidin). ICBC was used by 32.6% (n = 191) of parents in this study. Parents' Western-oriented beliefs predicted ICBC. Attitudes such as feeding a child on a time schedule and not carrying it out to prevent dependence were associated with letting the child cry to fall asleep. Low-sensitivity parents as well as parents of children with a difficult temperament used ICBC more frequently. Path analysis shows that parental stress did not predict ICBC. The results suggest that ICBC has become part of Western childrearing tradition.

Effectiveness of Sleep‐Based Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta‐Synthesis

Sleep problems are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This meta-synthesis collated eight previously published systematic reviews examining the efficacy of sleep interventions in children with ASD in an attempt to present a clear analysis of trialed interventions. The collated reviews consider five major groups of sleep interventions for children with ASD: melatonin therapy, pharmacologic treatments other than melatonin, behavioral interventions, parent education/education programs, and alternative therapies (massage therapy, aromatherapy, and multivitamin and iron supplementation). These eight reviews were based on 38 original studies and address the efficacy of interventions across 17 sleep problem domains. The results of this meta-synthesis suggest that no single intervention is effective across all sleep problems in children with ASD. However, melatonin, behavioral interventions, and parent education/education program interventions appear the most effective at ameliorating multiple domains of sleep problems compared with other interventions. Due to the heterogeneous causative factors and presentations of disordered sleep, further research into the effectiveness of sleep interventions may target specific phenotypic subgroups rather than a broad analysis across the general ASD population. Similarly, future research needs to consider the efficacy of different polytherapeutic approaches in order to provide clinicians with evidence to inform best practice. In the meantime, this review supports clinicians' decision making for a majority of the identified sleep problems in the ASD population.

Effect of sleep intervention using a summer holiday workbook for junior high-school students

Effect of sleep intervention using a summer holiday workbook for junior high-school students

Naps show no enhancing effects on movement performance in healthy young adults

Background: Sleep has previously been found to be essential in the continued learning processes of declarative information, such as word-pairs. To examine the importance of sleep, especially the effects of midday naps, on motor learning, this randomized trial was conducted. Purpose: This trial is part of a larger study evaluating the effect of sleep intervention involving midday-naps on movement performance and learning, in relation to an equivalent period of wakefulness, in various populations. This research will provide a basis for future sleep-related developments of health care plans, especially concerning people with chronic disability, such as stroke. Methods: The study was approved by the ethics committee Hamburg and each participant provided informed consent prior to the study. 35 healthy, right-handed, young adults participated (18–30yrs), learningboth a 9-element sequence task (SE) and a motor adaptation (MA) task in a crossover fashion on two consecutive days. Both tasks were performed with the left hand. Prior to learning, each subject was randomized to one of three conditions;

The effect of sleep intervention on life and sleep qualities of patients in internal medicine department

Objective To investigate the effect of sleep intervention on life and sleep qualities of patients in internal medicine department.Methods A total of 100 cases in internal medicine department were randomly divided into observation group and control group,the control group was given routine nursing,the observation group was given sleep intervention,nursing effects were compared between the two groups.Results Physical discomfort,ward noise and psychological factors were the main factors affecting patients'sleep.Sleep quality index before discharge and after 1 w intervention in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Life quality scores such as physiological function,body pain,emotional function before discharge in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Sleep disorders are existed in internal medicine department patients,sleep intervention is beneficial to improve sleep and life qualities of the patients. Key words: Sleep intervention; Internal medicine department patient; Sleep quality; Life quality

Effect of sleep intervention on depressive state among aged stroke patients

目的 探讨睡眠干预对老年脑卒中患者抑郁状态的影响.方法 将84例老年脑卒中抑郁状态的患者随机分为2组各42例,对照组采用常规治疗和护理,干预组在此基础上采取睡眠干预.结果 干预组抑郁状态明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 睡眠干预可明显提高老年脑卒中抑郁患者的生活质量。