Effects Of Relaxation Training Research Articles

Changes in Prefrontal Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid and Perfusion After the Computerized Relaxation Training in Women With Psychological Distress: A Preliminary Report.

Computerized relaxation training has been suggested as an effective and easily accessible intervention for individuals with psychological distress. To better elucidate the neural mechanism that underpins the effects of relaxation training, we investigated whether a 10-session computerized relaxation training program changed prefrontal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in women with psychological distress. We specifically focused on women since they were reported to be more vulnerable to develop stress-related disorders than men. Nineteen women with psychological distress but without a diagnosis of psychiatric disorders received the 10-day computerized relaxation training program that consisted of 30-min cognitive-relaxation training and 10-min breathing-relaxation training per day. At baseline and post-intervention, perceived stress levels, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep quality were assessed by self-report questionnaires. Brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy and arterial spin labeling scans were also performed before and after the intervention to evaluate GABA levels and relative CBF in the prefrontal region. Levels of perceived stress (t = 4.02, P < 0.001), anxiety (z = 2.33, P = 0.02), fatigue (t = 3.35, P = 0.004), and sleep quality (t = 4.14, P < 0.001) improved following 10 sessions of computerized relaxation training, resulting in a significant relief in composite scores of stress-related symptoms (t = −5.25, P < 0.001). The prefrontal GABA levels decreased (t = 2.53, P = 0.02), while relative CBF increased (t = −3.32, P = 0.004) after the intervention. In addition, a greater increase in relative prefrontal CBF was associated with better composite scores of stress-related symptoms following the intervention (t = 2.22, P = 0.04). The current findings suggest that computerized relaxation training may improve stress-related symptoms through modulating the prefrontal GABA levels and CBF in women with psychological distress.

이완요법(아우토겐 훈련)이 간호대학생의 스트레스와 스트레스 대처 방식에 미치는 효과

본 연구는 이완요법(아우토겐 훈련)이 간호대학생의 스트레스와 스트레스 대처방식에 미치는 효과를 파악하기 위한 비 동등성 대조군 사전 사후설계를 이용한 유사 실험 연구로, 연구대상자는 서울시 소재 S 간호대학교 재학생인 실험군 12명과 대조군 12명이었다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 24.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였고, x² test, Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, paired t-test 분석을 활용하였다. 중재 프로그램은 자기최면 이완요법인 아우토겐 훈련(autogenic training)으로, 총 5회기로 1회기 당 한 시간씩 1주일 간격으로 구성하여 적용하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 이완요법(아우토겐 훈련)이 스트레스에 미치는 영향은 실험군에서 사전 2.94±0.27점에서 사후 2.17±0.64점으로 감소하였으며(t=4.37, p.001), 스트레스 대처방식은 실험군의 경우 사전 2.61±0.15점에서 사후 3.01±0.27점으로 증가하여 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다(t=-4.29, p=.001). 본 연구에서는 예비간호사인 간호대학생들에게 이완요법(아우토겐 훈련)을 적용하여 스트레스를 감소시키는데 효과적임을 확인함으로써 학교 등 현장의 상황에 맞는 이완 요법(아우토겐 훈련)을 대학생에게 적용하여 스트레스 관리기법의 중재전략으로 유용하게 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

Effect of Relaxation Training on Future Anxiety, Sleep Quality and Pain among Hemodialysis Patients

Effect of Relaxation Training on Future Anxiety, Sleep Quality and Pain among Hemodialysis Patients

Effects of mindfulness relaxation training on stress response and postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing general surgery

Objective To investigate the effects of mindfulness relaxation training on stress response and postoperative rehabilitation of patients undergoing general surgery. Methods A total of 110 patients who underwent general surgery were randomly divided into study group and control group, with 55 cases in each group. The control group received routine peri-operational period nursing, and the study group carried out mindfulness relaxation training on the basis of control group for 4 weeks. The levels changes of serum insulin, cortisol were detected between two groups. The psychological stress of two groups were evaluated with Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). The off-bed activity time, anus exhaust time, bowel sounds recovery time and hospital stay time were recorded to evaluate the quality of patients′ postoperative rehabilitation. Results The levels of insulin, cortisol were at minimum on admission in two groups, and then increased, the highest level was at 2 hours after operation. There was no significant difference in insulin, cortisol level on admission in two groups (P>0.05), however, the insulin [(120.15±22.63) μg/L, (122.34±15.75) μg/L], cortisol [(10.41±3.07) mmol/L, (12.69±4.50) mmol/L] levels were significantly decreased in the study group compared to the control group [(129.85±15.43) μg/L, (131.34±22.79) μg/L and (11.69±2.99) mmol/L, (14.84±4.04) mmol/L] before anesthesia and at 2 hours after operation (t value was 2.206-2.638, P<0.05). After intervention, the total scores of SCL-90 (120.91±11.84), somatization (1.26±0.13), compulsion (1.43±0.08), depression (1.18±0.12), anxiety (1.14±0.10) and fear (1.34±0.08) were all lower in the study group than those in the control group (130.47±14.13, 1.83±0.53, 1.65±0.58, 1.71±0.12, 1.76±0.13, 1.41±0.12), and the differences were statistically significant (t value was 2.828-28.277, all P<0.05). Besides, off-bed activity time [(1.55±0.18) d] and hospital stay time[ (6.51±2.20) d] in the study group were significantly less than in the control group [(1.73±0.25) d and (7.65±2.19 d)] (t value was 2.737,4.592, P<0.05). Conclusion The mindfulness relaxation training in nursing general surgery patients during peri-operational period is helpful to ameliorate the patients′ degree of physiological and psychological stress reactions, and this mode has important significance in promoting the quality of patients' postoperative rehabilitation. Key words: Mindfulness relaxation training; Surgery; Physiological stress reaction; Psychological stress reaction

Effect of progressive muscle relaxation training on the psychological status, compliance and delivery outcomes of primiparas

Objective To explore the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training on the psychological status, compliance and delivery outcomes of primipara. Methods From January 2016 to December 2017, 224 primiparas who delivered at Taizhou Municipal Hospital were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method, with 112 cases in each group. The control group was given routine treatment, and the observation group was given gradual muscle relaxation training based on the control group. The depression and anxiety scores before and after treatment in the two groups were evaluated. The compliance of mothers to the doctors' choice of delivery methods was investigated, and the delivery outcomes and postpartum recovery status were analyzed. Results The scores of depression and anxiety in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). The compliance with the doctors' choice of delivery mode in the observation group was 95.53%(107/112), which was significantly higher than that in the control group[87.50%(98/112)](χ2=4.658, P=0.030). The normal delivery rate of the observation group was 91.07%(102/112), which was significantly higher than that of the control group[80.35%(90/112)](χ2=5.250, P=0.021). The total labor of spontaneous delivery in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, the bleeding volume at 2 hours after delivery in the observation group was obviously less than that in the control group, the postpartum hospital stay in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The scores of postpartum maternal pain, libido, vaginal resistance, and vaginal lubrication in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Application of progressive muscle relaxation training in primiparas can reduce the negative emotions, better coordinate with medical personnel, enhance rational choice, better improve pregnancy outcome, promote postpartum recovery, and improve postpartum sexual life quality. Key words: Maternal health services; Progressive muscle relaxation training; Depression; Anxiety; Pregnancy outcome; Compliance; Quality of life

Investigating the Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training on Infants outcome in High Risk Pregnant Women

Introduction: Investigations have shown that the emotional stress during the pregnancy period could have sustainable effects on the embryo .In High Risk Pregnant women the risk of babies with health, behavioral, and mood problems will be more. Different investigations have shown that the effect of relaxation training on emotional stress .This study was conducted to investigate the effect of progressive Muscle Relaxation Training on infant's outcome such as Apgar index, weight, height, head circumference, and jaundice in infants after delivery in High Risk pregnant women. Materials & methods: The present study was done as a clinical trial on 150 High Risk Pregnant Women referred to Health and Medical Center in the city of Shahreza on 1392 -1393. High risk pregnant women were randomly divided into two groups. The control group only received routine pregnancy care and case group received routine pregnancy care and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training (Jacobsen). At the time of delivery, infant's outcome including Apgar index, weight and height, head circumference, and jaundice was assessed. Findings: Intervention and control groups in terms of demographic and obstetric variables were not significant (P greater-than 0/05). The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in height, weight, and head circumference (pvalue less-than 0/001).There was no significant difference between the two groups in Apgar scores in 1-5minute and jaundice. Discussion & conclusions: According to this study, progressive muscle relaxation training is promoting and improving the health of infants in high-risk pregnant women. The progressive muscle relaxation training can be safe and beneficial to pregnant women in order to improve the health of infants.

Effects of relaxation and stress management training on fibromyalgia symptoms in women

This study compared the effectiveness of relaxation training and stress management training in treating anxiety, depression, stress, and pain in women with fibromyalgia. Twenty-two women with fibromyalgia participated in this randomized, controlled trial. They were assigned to stress management (n=7), relaxation training (n=7), and control (n=8) groups. All participants completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-42) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain. The stress management group participated in eight weekly two-hour sessions of a stress management program; the relaxation group participated in eight weekly sessions of relaxation training. Then, participants completed the DASS-42 and VAS again. Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) and post hoc analyses were used to compare the participants’ pre- and post-therapy responses and the two treatment types. Both relaxation training and stress management training were found to be effective in treating patients’ anxiety (P= 0.005), depression (P= 0.006), stress (P= 0.002), and pain (P= 0.001). Post hoc analyses indicated that participants in the treatment groups showed improvement compared with those in the control group (all P values< 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in effectiveness between the relaxation training and the stress management training. The relaxation training and stress management training both significantly improved women’s fibromyalgia symptoms (depression, stress, anxiety, and pain).

Application effects of relaxation training in preoperative patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma

Objective To study the effects of relaxation training on blood pressure, heart rate, intraocular pressure fluctuation and time to control intraocular pressure before operation in patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma. Methods In this study, 80 patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma, who were selected from January 2015 to December 2016 in Shanghai Putuo District Central Hospital, were randomly divided into control group and observation group. Patients of the control group was given routine care, while patients of the observation group was given both the routine nursing care and relaxation training. On the day of admission and before operation, heart rate, blood pressure, intraocular pressure fluctuation and preoperative control of intraocular pressure time of the two groups were measured. Results The heart rate, blood pressure, intraocular pressure fluctuation and preoperative control of intraocular pressure time of patients in the observation group were better than that in the control group (P<0.01) . Conclusions The relaxation training can effectively keep the acute angle-closure glaucoma patients vital signs steady, effectively control patients intraocular pressure fluctuations before operation, reduce the number of time waiting for operation, and thus delay the progress of visual damage. Key words: Glaucoma, angle-closure; Relaxation training; Preoperation

Effects of progressive muscle relaxation training on anxiety, depression and quality of life of breast cancer patients during perioperative period

Objective To explore the effects of progressive muscle relaxation training (PMRT) on depression, anxiety and quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer patients during perioperative period, so as to provide references for improving nursing quality. Methods A total of 400 breast cancer patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University and Xi'an No.5 Hospital were selected as the research object by convenience sampling method from January 2015 to June 2016. They were divided into the experimental group (n=200, routine nursing + PMRT for five weeks) and the control group (n=200, routine nursing) . The QOL, depression and anxiety of patients were evaluated by the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast (FACT-B) , self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) , self-rating depression scale (SDS) on the first day after admission and at the fifth week after intervention. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the total score and scores of all dimensions of QOL, the score of anxiety and depression between two groups before intervention (P>0.05) . After PMRT for five weeks, the total score of QOL was (107.68±5.48) in the experimental group which was higher than that (97.14±9.98) in the control group with a significant difference (t=13.017, P<0.01) . Moreover, the scores of anxiety and depression [ (38.45±4.91) , (38.32±4.61) ] in the experimental group were lower than those [ (48.24±7.01) , (50.24±4.24) ] in the control group with significant differences (t=36.629, 18.585; P<0.01) . Conclusions The PMRT can effectively improve the QOL of breast cancer patients during perioperative period, relieve the unhealthy mental state on anxiety, depression and so on. The PMRT should be widely applied in rehabilitation nursing in breast cancer patients after operation. Key words: Breast neoplasms; Perioperative nursing; Quality of life; Anxiety; Depression; Progressive muscle relaxation training

Biofeedback-assisted relaxation training helps women with breast cancer after mastectomy: Effects of EMG-HRV biofeedback on psychological symptoms

Aim The aim of present research was to investigate the effects of EMG-HRV biofeedback-assisted relaxation training on psychological and physiological symptoms of breast cancer women after mastectomy. Methods About 14 breast cancer women in one of the Tehran hospital's in-patient service were chosen and divided to experimental and control groups. Informed consent was provided from subjects and research design approved in the Ethics' Committee of Semnan University. Measures of DASS scale were gathered from all subjects before any intervention and experimental group were received 8 sessions of biofeedback-assisted relaxation training over 4 weeks interval, whereas no intervention made on control group. All patients were asked again to complete the DASS scale afterwards. Indices of smooth artifact free sEMG and HRV biofeedback were recorded using a Biofeedback 2000 x-pert system Version 4. Results Data were extracted and analyzed by GLM statistical analysis. Conclusions Results were shown significantly differences for depression, anxiety and stress measures after 8 sessions biofeedback treatment. Significantly differences were also observed in the sEMG and HRV measures of two groups during baseline (0) middle phase (4) and termination phase (8) of the training sessions with better results for experimental subjects as well. It was concluded that biofeedback-assisted relaxation training could effectively decrease negative psychological symptoms of the breast cancer patients after mastectomy due to EMG-HRV positive changes.

Progressive Muscular Relaxation in Schizophrenic Patients : A Pilot Study

The feasibility and efficacy of relaxation techniques with non psychotic individuals, there is still paucity of researches on the effects ofrelaxation training applied on schizophrenic patients. Current theoretical speculation and research evidences suggest that elevated anxiety level, stress &amp; tension and poor anxiety coping skills may be important aspects of the schizophrenic process. This study evaluated the effectiveness of progressive muscular relaxation in the treatment of persons with schizophrenia who experienced significant anxiety and stress with residual symptoms despite their adherence to medication. 05 medicated schizophrenic female patients were taken for treatment. After twenty two weeks of training, subjects reported lower level of anxiety and stress

Effects of relaxation training on sudden deafness patients with mild-to-moderate

Objective To evaluate the effect of relaxation training on sudden deafness patients with mild or moderate grade.Methods 78 patients were divided into the observation group (38 cases) and the control group (40 cases).Besides usual care and nursing,the observation group was treated with relaxation training daily in the morning and evening.The pure tone audiometry scores before and after nursing intervention and treatment was compared between two groups.Results There was significant difference in threshold level between two groups.Conclusions Relaxation training was an effective nursing intervention for sudden deafness patients with mild-to-moderate grade. Key words: Relaxation training; Sudden deafness; Listening level

Effect of relaxation training on operation anxiety disorder of patients with percuta-neous balloon mitral valvuloplasty

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive therapy and progressive relaxation training （CTPRT） on the operation anx- iety of patients with percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty （PBMV） . Methods Sixty patients with PBMV were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group. The treatment group was treated with relaxation training combined with routine care, while the control group was treated with routine care. The perioperative anxiety status, heart rate, blood pressure and negative automatic thoughts status were compared between the two groups. Results Anxiety and negative automatic thoughts degree in the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group （P 〈 0. 01 ） . At 30 min pre -operation and post - operation, the heart rate of the treatment group was much lower than that of the control group （ t = 17. 141, P = 0. 003 ; t = 8. 041, P = 0. 003 ） . At 30 min pre - operation, the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure of the treatment group were much lower than that of the control group （ t = 5. 341, P = 0. 004 ; t = 4. 371, P = 0. 002 ）. The systolic pressure of the treatment group was much lower than that of the control group post operation （ t = 2. 231, P = 0. 012 ） . Conclu- sions Progressive relaxation training can reduce degree of operation anxiety and negative automatic thoughts status for patients with PBMV. Key words: Anxiety ; Progressive relaxation training; Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty

Studying the Effect of Relaxation Training on Chronic Low Back Pain Intensity and Daily Functioning in the Elderly

Relaxation is a natural blessing & everyone can activate it. Medical science has recently linked psychological speculations with physiological & measurable information. The present research aims to analyze the effect of relaxation training on the intensity of chronic back pain & daily functioning of the elderly. This study is applied in terms of goal using semiexperimental (quasi-empirical) method with pre-test & post-test design. The statistical community consists of all old people staying in Sari-based Saraye Mehr nursing home in 2013 including 117 ones .To select the sample, simple random sampling method has been conducted. Thus one class has been chosen for performing the training method employing relaxation (30 individuals) & the other for performing traditional training (30 individuals).The measuring tool has been pain intensity standard scale (VAS) & health assessment questionnaire (HAQ).In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics method (calculating mean & standard deviation) & inferential statistics (covariance analysis test) have been employed via SPSS software. The findings indicated that training relaxation results in reducing the orderly's chronic backache intensity. Also, training relaxation brings about increasing basic & average daily activities in the aged. Relaxation is of the methods used for lowering pain intensity & increasing the efficiency of the individuals in societies .Therefore, simultaneously using medical & pharmaceutical approaches, self-discovery, and mind-body interaction methods in treatment process can lead to optimal effects.

Test anxiety among Ilam UMS’ Students, 2012

AbstractBackground and aim: In today’s era of academic competition test anxiety among students is increasing. Anxiety may result in difficulty in concentration and information processing and hampers students’ performance. The current study aimed to determine test anxiety among Ilam UMS’ students.Method and materials: A descriptive correlational design was used. The sample of the study consisted of one hundred and seventy undergraduate students which were included in the study by stratified random sampling. Data were collected by using Sarason’s Test Anxiety Scale (TAS). Data were collected three weeks prior to examination date and were analyzed using descriptive methods by SPSS software.Findings: Our findings showed that 34.1%, 51.8%, and 14.1% of students experienced mild, moderate, and severe test anxiety levels, respectively. Further, a significant relationship was found between test anxiety score with only residency status at 0.05 level. In other words, nursing, local, and married students showed more test anxiety. However, no relationship was seen between test anxiety with age and gender.Conclusion: since anxiety has negative effects on educational performance, implementing anxiety preventive programs including psychological consulting services, identifying & improving potential causes are suggested. Much more attention should be paid to high risk students, local, and especially married and nursing students.Key words: Test Anxiety Prevalence, Students, Ilam REFERENCES Abulghasemi, A (2008), [Test anxiety, causes, assessment & treatment. Psychological Research],5(3-4),82-97. (Persian) Aghaie, E, Abedi, A & Jamali Paghale, S (2012), [Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior interventions in the reduction of test anxiety in Iran. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology] 18(1), 3-12. (Persian) Biabangard, E (2008), Methods of preventing academic failure, Tehran, Parents and Teachers Association . (Persian) Boor, M (1980), Test anxiety and classroom examination performance: a reply to Daniels and Hewitt (1978). Journal of Clinical Psychology , 36(1), 177-9. Cheraghian, B, Fereiduni Moghadam, M, Barazpardanjani, Sh, Bavarsad, N (2008), A review of test anxiety and its relationship with academic performance in nursing students. Knowledge& Health Magazine . 3(3-4), 25-9. (Persian) Clark, JW, Fox, PA & Schneider, HG (1998), Feedback, test anxiety and performance in a college course. Psychological Reports , 82(1),203-8. Eizadifard, R, Sepasi Ashtiani, M (2010), Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy with problem solving skills training on reduction of test anxiety symptoms. Journal of Behavioral Sciences ,4(1),23-7. (Persian) Hancock, DR (2001), Effects of test anxiety and evaluative threat on students’ achievement and motivation, Journal of Educational Research , 94(5), 284-90. 1392 زییاپ ،82 هرامش ،23 هرود / 6 ناراکمه و یباراد میرم Hatami, Z & Ardalan, M (2010), Assessment of the level of test anxiety in the students of the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences & its related factors. Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences ,14(4),99-105. (Persian) Heravi, M, Jadid Milani, M, Regea, N, Valaie, N(2004), The effect of relaxation training on exam driven anxiety level among nursing students. Journal Mazandaran Univ Med Sci ,14(43),86-92. (Persian) Jomee Pour, A, (2006), Freedom from anxiety, Mashhad, Faragozinesh . (Persian) Khadivzadeh, T, Seif, AA & Valaei, N (2002), Learning and study strategy and success rate in university students, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 1999. Pejouhandeh ,7(1),35-42. (Persian) Khosravi, M & Bigdely, IA, (2008), The relationship between personality factors and test anxiety among university students. Journal of Behavioral Sciences ,2(1),13-24. (Persian) Lashkaripour, K, Bakhshani, NM & Solaimani, MJ, (2006), The relationship between test anxiety and academic achievement in students of guidance schools in Zahedan in 2006. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences (Tabib-E-Shargh),8(4),253-9. (Persian) Moaadeli, Z, Ghazanfari Hesamabadi, M, 2004, ‘Evaluation of test anxiety in students of nursing and midwifery school of Hazrat Fatima (SA) Spring 2004’. Strides in development of medical education ,1(2),65-72. (Persian) Mousavi, M, Haghshenas, H, Alishahi, M, Najmi, B,l (2008), Anxiety test and some correlated socio-demographic factors in high school students in Shiraz. Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences , 6(1),17-25. (Persian)

The effect of relaxation training with listening to music on negative emotions of patients with maintenance hemodialysis

Objective To explore the effect of relaxation training with listening to music on negative emotions of hemodialysis patients.Methods 70 hemodialysis patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group by random number table,and each group had 35 cases.The control group was given routine care,health education and routine discharge guidance during dialysis by the responsible nurses.The intervention group had relaxation training with listening to music on the basis of routine care.Before the intervention and three months after the intervention the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was used as an assessment tool to evaluate negative emotion of patients.Results Before intervention,the HAMD scores of the two groups showed no significant differences.3 months after intervention,HAMD scores had significant difference between two groups.Conclusions Relaxation training with listening to music can significantly improve patients' negative emotions,and is worthy of clinical application. Key words: Hemodialysis; Relaxation training; Music; Negative emotions

Effect of Relaxation Training on Working Memory Capacity and Academic Achievement in Adolescents

In an experimental study 40 girl students of 7th grade were selected using random cluster sampling from one middle school in Tehran and divided into test and control groups by random assignment. Initially they were assessed by working memory capacity test (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). Then, the test group through 12 educational sessions (one hour sessions, 3 sessions per week) was taught relaxation techniques, and it is noteworthy that no education was given to a control group. Upon completion of educational sessions, both test and control groups were assessed again with the working memory capacity test. In the case of the academic achievement, the Grade Point Average (GPA) of the first semester for pre-test and the GPA of the second semester for post-test were used. Multivariate analysis of covariance showed that relaxation training increase working memory capacity and its components, storage and processing, and academic achievement. Therefore, relaxation training is a useful technique for student progress.

Use of a Relaxation Technique by Mothers of Children with Autism: A Case-Series Study

Mothers of children with autism are subject to considerable stress by having to adjust to the disorder and to cope with practical and social issues. Evidence on the effects of relaxation training on stress of these mothers is scarce. The purpose of this pilot case-series study was to examine the role of a simple 6-week daily stress management technique on mothers of children with autism. Mothers' stress measurements and children's functionality were assessed using validated instruments. Participants were 11 mothers of children with autism seen consecutively in the autism clinic of a children's hospital. Statistically significant median reductions of perceived and parental stress were noted after the 6-week intervention. Median stress scores were lower by 37.1% and 33% from the baseline values of the perceived stress scale and parental stress index, respectively. Stress was not significantly correlated with children's functioning. Stress management seems to have benefits for mothers of children with autism.

111. Intrusive thoughts counteract the effects of progressive relaxation on early wound repair

Psychological stress negatively affects proinflammatory cytokine production in the local wound environment, and examination stress can delay wound healing. Relaxation interventions are commonly used to reduce stress, and appear to promote recovery in surgical care settings. This study tested the effect of relaxation training on early wound repair in medical students with an upcoming examination. Medical students (n = 47) were randomized to receive either a relaxation intervention (n = 15) or wait-list (n = 32) immediately prior to an examination. All participants received standardized blister wounds upon arrival at a hospital research unit, and fluid from the blister chambers was aspirated 4 h, 7 h, and 22 h afterward. The subsequent relaxation intervention consisted of 5–6 h long structured sessions over the course of the stay. Students with higher Impact of Events scale Intrusion scores had significantly lower levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha at the wound site at 22 h post blister wounding. This effect remained when controlling for body mass index and randomization condition. Furthermore, higher levels of intrusions were associated with higher levels of negative affect on the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule after each relaxation session. These results suggest that the ability to regulate one’s emotions affects early wound repair, and that those with poor emotional regulation may require additional intervention efforts apart from progressive relaxation under stress.

The effect of Yoga relaxation training on sleep quality of orthopedic postoperative patient with insomnia

Objective To study the effect of Yoga relaxation training on sleep quality of orthopedic postoperative patient with insomnia.Methods Sixty - four patients with insomnia were randomly divided into intervention group and control group,there were 32 cases in every group.All the orthopedic postoperative patients underwent routine care,and the reasons for the implementation of nursing intervention for inssomnia and other symptomatic treatment and nursing,intervention group was accepted Yoga relaxation training on the basis of treatment.Results After relaxation training,there were significantly reduction of moderate and severe insomnia in intervention group on the fourth day.Conclusions Yoga relaxation therapy can significantly improve the sleep quality of orthopedic postoperative patients with insomnia. Key words: Yoga relaxation training; Orthopedics; Sleep