Effects Of Parental Monitoring Research Articles

Examining the mediating role of peer antisocial behavior on the relationship between parenting and bullying behaviors

ABSTRACT Although prior research has established the influence of parents and peers on adolescents’ bullying behaviors, there is a void in the literature of the potential mediating effect of negative peer influence in the relationship between parenting practices and bullying behaviors among a United States sample. Using data from the Pathways to Desistance study, the present study examines the mediating role of peer antisocial behavior in the association between parenting (i.e., parental monitoring and maternal warmth) and adolescents’ bullying behaviors (i.e., bully perpetration, bully victimization, bully-victim, and non-involved). Results indicate that the effect of parental monitoring on youth who engaged in bully perpetration (vs. non-involved) was mediated by peer antisocial behavior. That is, poor parental monitoring increased delinquent peer association, which in turn predicted a high risk of engaging in bully perpetration. However, peer antisocial behavior did not mediate the relationship between parental monitoring and bully victimization (vs. non-involved) nor bully-victim (vs. non-involved). The findings have important implications for adolescents’ bullying behavior and possible intervention programs by informing researchers and practitioners about the mechanisms surrounding multiple types of bullying behaviors.

The effects of parental monitoring on the quality of life and diet quality of adolescents with type 1 diabetes

The effects of parental monitoring on the quality of life and diet quality of adolescents with type 1 diabetes

The Effect of Parental Monitoring in Diabetes Care on Compliance to Treatment and Metabolic Parameters in Adolescents

Giriş ve Amaç: Çalışma, diyabet bakımında ebeveyn izlemenin ergenlerde tedaviye ve metabolik parametrelere uyum üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.
 Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma Gaziantep Çocuk Hastanesi Endokrinoloji Polikliniğinde takip edilen 132 Tip 1 diyabetli ergenin yanı sıra ebeveynleri ile yürütüldü. Veriler Ekim 2016 and Mayıs 2017 tarihleri arasında toplandı. Verilerin toplanmasında“ “Kişisel Özellikler İçin Bilgi Formu” ve “Ebeveyn İzleme Ölçeği” kullanıldı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizi için SPSS 21.0 paket yazılımı kullanıldı. Araştırmanın yürütülmesi için etik kurul ve kurum izni alınmıştır.
 Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan ergenlerin %65,9'unun erkek, %81,1'inin HbA1c düzeyi ≥7,5, %43,4'ünün açlık glikoz düzeyi ≥ 180 ve Ebeveyn İzleme Ölçeği puan ortalamalarının 108,20± 19.55 olduğu tespit edildi. Kadınların HbA1c değerlerinin erkeklerin HbA1c değerlerinden düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir (p

Parenting Factors Predicting Substance Use and Aggression among Latino/a Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Cultural Values

This study seeks to examine the moderating effects of cultural values (Latino values and mainstream American values) on the relations among parenting factors, substance use, and aggression among Latino adolescents using a longitudinal design. Data were collected from 213 Latino 10th graders between October 2011 and May 2012 and were analyzed using path analyses. Latino values at Time 1 negatively predicted substance use norms at Time 2, while mainstream American values at Time 1 positively predicted substance use amount at Time 2, after controlling for substance use at Time 1. Latino values moderated the relations between parental monitoring and substance use. Parental monitoring predicted more substance use among adolescents who reported lower Latino values, but not for adolescents who reported higher Latino values. Mainstream American values moderated the relations between parent-child conflict and substance use. Parent–adolescent conflict predicted more substance use among adolescents who reported higher mainstream American values, but not for adolescents who reported lower mainstream American values. The effects of parental monitoring and parent-child conflict on adolescent substance use are contingent on cultural values. Mainstream American values may enhance the risk of parent-adolescent conflict, whereas Latino values may enhance the protection of parental monitoring in relation to substance use.

Parental monitoring in Turkish immigrant families in the United States

ABSTRACT There are a very limited number of studies on the Turkish immigrant population in the U.S. This article explores the parental monitoring strategies Turkish immigrant parents employ and the effects of parental monitoring on the adolescents from the perspective of the parents. In this qualitative study, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 parents (14 mothers and one father) in 14 Turkish families in and around a large Midwestern city. Two types of parental monitoring strategies were identified: (1) Accommodative parental monitoring strategies, and (2) Conflictual parental monitoring strategies. Parents described themselves as overprotective, and the findings reveal the effects of parents’ overprotectiveness on the adolescents from the parents’ perspectives.

The effects of parental monitoring and intrusiveness on addictive use of cellular phones: A seven-wave latent growth model analysis

The effects of parental monitoring and intrusiveness on addictive use of cellular phones: A seven-wave latent growth model analysis

Adolescent Alcohol Use: The Effects of Parental Knowledge, Peer Substance Use, and Peer Tolerance of Use.

Parents and peers exert significant influence on a young person's decision to consume alcohol. This study examines the relationship between parental monitoring and adolescent alcohol consumption and tests whether peer substance use and tolerance of use mediates the relationship between monitoring and drinking. Participants included 116 adolescents (53.5% female; Mage = 15.6). All participants reported drinking alcohol in the past 6 months, and 96 participants had been previously admitted to a hospital emergency department for an alcohol-related event. Mediation analyses were used to test the study hypotheses. The total effect of baseline parental monitoring on 6-month alcohol use was -1.15 (p < .01), with higher monitoring related to less use. Controlling for peer use and tolerance of use, the effect of parental monitoring was reduced to .46, leaving an indirect effect of .69 (p < .01). Peer use and tolerance of use had no effect on participant alcohol use when controlling for parental monitoring. Study findings extend current knowledge about the interactive effects of parental supervision and peer influence on the drinking patterns of adolescents. Results underscore the importance of addressing both parental monitoring and peer influence in interventions that target adolescent alcohol use, recognizing peer factors as a potential mechanism of the effect that parental monitoring has on adolescent drinking.

부모모니터링이 청소년 자녀의 발달에 미치는 영향 : 성별의 조절효과를 중심으로

부모모니터링이 청소년 자녀의 발달에 미치는 영향 : 성별의 조절효과를 중심으로

Effects of Parental Monitoring and Knowledge on Substance Use and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Young Men Who have Sex with Men: Results from Three Studies.

Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) are disproportionately impacted by HIV/AIDS and have elevated rates of substance use. Parenting practices, such as knowledge of child whereabouts and monitoring of behavioral rules, protect against these outcomes among heterosexual youth. This article examined the relationship between these parenting practices and substance use and HIV risk behaviors among YMSM. Data are reported from three similar studies of YMSM: ChiGuys (ages 14-18), Crew 450 (ages 16-22), and RADAR (ages 16-29). The ChiGuys and RADAR studies report cross-sectional analyses, whereas Crew 450 reports latent growth curve analyses. In ChiGuys and Crew 450, participants reported significantly higher scores for parental knowledge of general activities than parental knowledge of gay-specific activities. Parental knowledge of general activities was significantly associated with less binge drinking in both samples and with condomless sex in the ChiGuys sample. Parental monitoring was significantly associated with less marijuana use and condomless sex in younger RADAR participants (16-18years) and with less drug use in older participants (>18years). Findings support the need for further research on the influences of parents on YMSM health risk behaviors and the value of exploring family- and parent-interventions to address YMSM health.

Family and School Influences on Youths' Behavioral and Academic Outcomes: Cross-Level Interactions between Parental Monitoring and Character Development Curriculum

ABSTRACTThe authors examined the joint (interactive) roles of the Second Step curriculum (a validated social-emotional learning and bullying prevention program; Committee for Children, Seattle, WA) and parenting practices on students' behavioral and academic outcomes in Grades 5–8. Participants were 763 parents and their children from 22 schools (8 control and 14 treatment). A 2-level random coefficient model was conducted to assess the effect of parental monitoring on school outcomes, as well as the interaction between character development curriculum and parental monitoring. Results indicated that parental monitoring was a significant predictor of school behaviors and school grades. Furthermore, the Second Step curriculum moderated the relationship between parental monitoring and problem behaviors, prosocial behaviors, and grades at school. Specifically, in schools without the Second Step curriculum parental monitoring predicted higher school grades but had no impact on students' school behaviors. By contrast, in schools with the Second Step curriculum, parental monitoring predicted fewer problem behaviors as well as more prosocial behaviors. The study results highlight the joint influences of the family and the school in children's behavioral and academic trajectories. Results have implications for education and intervention, including improving the school climate, student behaviors, and learning or achievement.

M62 - GABRA2 Association With Addiction-Related Endophenotypes Is Environmentally Influenced

Background The GABRA2 gene contains more than 250 SNPs that in Caucasians form two major common “Yin-Yang” haplotypes - having either all or none of the non-ancestral (NA) alleles. Since 2004, association of the non-ancestral, slightly less common haplotype with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and with increased beta waves in EEG has been reported and replicated many times. Methods In a longitudinal sample of >400 low SES families at high risk for AUD, we investigated the influence of these GABRA2 haplotypes on addiction related endophenotypes, and started to investigate potential functional implications. We found that the NA haplotype is associated with impulsivity and with increased activation of the insula in response to reward expectation, both of which partially mediate the association of the NA alleles with alcoholism. Impulsivity was also associated with reward expectation, independent of genetics. Results Moreover, the effect of parental monitoring on externalizing behavior trajectories across childhood and adolescence, i.e., consistently low, developmentally limited, and rising trajectories, was moderated by the NA alleles of GABRA2. Subjects with the NA alleles were more strongly influenced – both positively and negatively--by the extent of parental monitoring, while subjects with the ancestral alleles were not significantly influenced by the monitoring. In addition to parents, peers are also known to influence addiction-related behaviors such as rule breaking during adolescence. Association with delinquent peers increased rule breaking, particularly in those with NA alleles of GABRA2, while association with peers who displayed positive behaviors (such as religious activity and scholastic competence) decreased externalizing behaviors. Subjects with the ancestral alleles of GABRA2 were less affected by peers. Discussion Our results illustrate a more complex influence of genotypes on risk for common traits such as those associated with addiction. Our data suggest that the previously identified “risk” alleles impacts the strength of both adaptive and maladaptive environmental influences on risky behaviors such as rule breaking, and hence might be thought of as plasticity factors. None of the alleles of the GABRA2 haplotypes change an amino acid, and they have no major influence on level of expression (eQTL) in several large brain expression samples. Allelic imbalance is more sensitive to slight expression differences. Preliminary allelic imbalance RNASeq analyses of brain mRNA suggest that the NA alleles may increase expression. Our result is in contrast to a recent report of decreased expression of the risk alleles in iPSCs. Epigenetic modifications may be one pathway of how environmental influences on behavior are being molecularly mediated, and just as our results demonstrate plasticity at the behavioral level, plasticity may exist on the molecular level, in that expression of GABRA2 haplotypes may be influenced molecularly by different environments.

Effects of Parental Monitoring and Peer Recognition on Children's Peer Relationship

Effects of Parental Monitoring and Peer Recognition on Children's Peer Relationship

The effect of parental monitoring on trajectories of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors among adolescents: An individual growth curve analysis

The primary aim of the present study was to examine whether parental monitoring, as reported by adolescents and their parents, predicts more or less favorable trajectories of disordered eating behavior and attitudes over the course of one year in a sample of adolescent males and females. An additional aim was to explore whether these trajectories vary when study analyses are limited to females. Participants included 87 adolescents (mean age = 15.5 ± 1.4) in mental health treatment and their parents. Self-report measures included the Parental Monitoring Questionnaire, completed at baseline, and the Eating Attitudes Test-Dieting Subscale, completed at baseline as well as 6-month and 12-month follow-ups. Individual growth curve (IGC) analyses were used to examine change in disordered eating behavior and attitudes. Adolescents who reported lower parental monitoring showed trajectories characterized by increases in disordered eating attitudes and behaviors. The same pattern emerged when using parent report of monitoring, though only a trend was evident. When analyses were restricted to females, the main effect of parental and adolescent report of monitoring on disordered eating were equally strong. Results may suggest that parents who are less knowledgeable about their adolescents’ daily lives, may be less aware of potential disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, and thus less likely to intervene. Findings could be used to inform family-based interventions for this population.

Effects of parental monitoring on alcohol use in the US and Sweden: A brief report

ObjectiveAdolescent alcohol use predicts a myriad of negative mental and physical health outcomes including fatality (Midanik, 2004). Research in parental influence on alcohol consumption finds parental monitoring (PM), or knowing where/whom your child is with, is associated with lower levels of alcohol use in adolescents (e.g., Arria et al., 2008). As PM interventions have had only limited success (Koutakis, Stattin, & Kerr, 2008), investigating moderating factors of PM is of importance. Country may serve as one such moderator (Calafat, Garcia, Juan, Becoña, & Fernández-Hermida, 2014). Thus, the purpose of the present report is to assess the relationship between PM and alcohol use in the US and Sweden. MethodHigh school seniors from the US (n=1181, 42.3% Male) and Sweden (n=2171, 44.1% Male) completed assessments of total drinks consumed in a typical week, problematic alcohol use, and perceived PM. ResultsGeneralized linear mixed modeling (GLM, Cohen, Cohen, West, & Aiken, 2013; Hilbe, 2011) was used to examine whether country moderated the relationship between PM and alcohol use. Results revealed main effects of country and PM and a significant interaction between country and PM in predicting total drinks per week and PM in predicting problematic alcohol use (p<0.001). ConclusionsWhile PM is related to lower quantity of alcohol consumed and problematic alcohol use, greater PM appears to be more strongly related to fewer drinks per week and less problematic alcohol use in the US, as compared to Sweden.

A Social Domain Approach to Informant Discrepancies in Parental Solicitation and Family Rules.

An extensive body of research has explored the effects of parental monitoring on adolescent outcomes, but studies consistently find substantial discrepancies between parent and adolescent reports of different monitoring behaviors. Little research has examined whether parents and adolescents are more or less discrepant when reporting on parents' rules or solicitation for different adolescent problem and health risk behaviors and few studies have explored potential explanatory variables to explicate individual variability in parent-adolescent discrepant reporting. To address this gap in the literature, the current study examined discrepancies in mother-adolescent reports of family rules and solicitation across five distinct adolescent behaviors: personal behaviors and four different risk behaviors (alcohol-related, cyber, over- and under-eating). Participants were 143 mother-adolescent dyads (Adolescent M age =14.42, SD=1.73, range=12-18, 81% white, 60% female). Mean-level discrepancies between maternal and adolescent reports significantly differed by category of adolescent behavior and also varied as a function of reported parental monitoring behavior (rules vs. solicitation). Discrepancies in mother-adolescent reports of behavior-specific rules and solicitation were positively associated with discrepancies in mother and adolescent judgments of the harmfulness of the activities. The results demonstrate that discrepancies in mother-adolescent reports of family process differ by category of adolescent behavior and may be undergirded by differences in mother and adolescent informational assumptions about the potential harm involved with different activities.

융합적 부모양육태도가 중학생의 학교적응에 미치는 영향 연구

The purposes of this study were to analyze how effects of parental monitoring, parental affection, inconsistency in parenting attitudes on adolescents` school adjustment and intervention to help adolescents school adjustment. Korea Youth Policy Institute to achieve the research objectives, `Korea Child Youth Panel Survey`(KCYPS 2010) using data from the First year 1 data were analyzed by Descriptive Statistic, t-Testing, ANOVA and Multiple Regression Analysis. The results of the study are as follows. parenting attitudes were an independent variable having a partially significant effect on middle school students` school adjustment. As a results, The level of parental monitoring and affection are high, the level of middle school students` school adjustment gets higher. On the contrary, the level of parents` inconsistency are high, the level of middle school students` school adjustment gets lower. Therefore, it is necessary to research various options to develop promoting positive parenting attitude in order to increase the level of the middle school student`s school adjustment

The Effects of Parental Monitoring and Communication on Adolescent Substance Use and Risky Sexual Activity: A Systematic Review

Aim: The aim of the systematic study was to determine the effect of parenting practices on adolescent risk behaviours such as substance use and sexual risk behaviour. Method: Quantitative research studies were systematically collected from various databases such as Academic Search Complete, MEDLINE (Pubmed), JSTOR, Project Muse and SAGE for the duration of 2003-2013 which was within the 10 year period of relevant literature to the date of study. Results: Findings established that parental monitoring and communication prevented drug initiation, delayed alcohol initiation, and sexual debut, increased alcohol refusal efficacy, and decreased delinquent behaviour and risk taking behaviours in high risk adolescents. Conclusion: This review shows that parental practices play significant protective and promotive roles in managing adolescent risk behaviours.

The Influence of Co-offending Within a Moderated Mediation Model of Parent and Peer Predictors of Delinquency

Parental monitoring impacts adolescent delinquency both directly by limiting unsupervised activities and indirectly by limiting access to delinquent peers. Deviant peers may influence adolescent delinquency through a number of mechanisms, and there is a lack of clarity within the literature on distinctions between co-offending and deviant peer norms as influential mechanisms. Less is known about the impact of co-offending on the mediated relationship among parental monitoring, peer delinquency, and adolescent delinquency. The current study examined the relationship between parental monitoring, deviant peer behaviors, co-offending, and self-reported delinquency among 186 court-involved youth (12–18 years old) in a small city in the Midwest. The effects of parental monitoring on delinquency were partially mediated by delinquent peer affiliation. A moderated mediation model found that co-offending moderated the association between delinquent peer affiliation and delinquency, such that the relationship between peer delinquency and self-reported delinquency is stronger for those who co-offend.

The Effects of Parental Monitoring on Adolescent and Emerging Adult Contribution: A Longitudinal Examination

The purpose of this study was to explore empirical associations between parental monitoring and for the first time contribution to self, family and community, as outcome of positive youth development, across time among Lithuanian youth. Data for this study are drawn from the first two available waves of an ongoing longitudinal Positive Youth Development research project (POSIDEV), conducted in Lithuania. The sample size for this study was N = 1098 (54.5% girls and 45.5% boys). Measurements used: parental monitoring scale and three-dimensional contribution scale. Results indicated that parental monitoring at Time 1 predicted all components of contribution: to self (? = .37, p<.001), to family (? = .49, p<.001) and to community (?= .23, p<.001) at Time 2. Results also indicated that parental monitoring is more strongly related to contribution in emerging adults group than in adolescents group. To conclude, results of current two-wave study highlighted the importance of the parental monitoring on the outcomes of positive youth development one year later.

PP42 The Influence of Parental Monitoring and School Environment on Adolescent Alcohol Use

BackgroundThe importance of social determinants of adolescent health behaviour such as alcohol use has stimulated interest in family and school environments that may act as risk or protective factors. This...