Effects Of Nuclear Radiation Research Articles

Radiation, Moisture, and Temperature Effects in Filled Epoxy Replica Flat Mirrors

The effects of nuclear radiation, moisture absorption, and temperature history on replica flat mirrors of filled epoxy have been investigated using the optical flat testing method. A radiation dose of the order of 1010 ergs per gram is required to produce changes in surface flatness. Residual activity after neutron irradiation is found to be somewhat less than that of Pyrex glass. Absorption of a fractional percent of water causes a loss of flatness, but flatness can be restored by removing the moisture with elevated temperature baking. Flats appear to survive temperature cycling from −200 to +125°C with little detectable changes. Upon being subjected to temperatures above 140°C, the flatness decreases and the reflecting surface deteriorates rapidly.

Effect of radiation and moisture on the dynamic mechanical properties of polyethylene terephthalate

Studies of effects of nuclear radiation on the dynamic mechanical properties of a series of polyethylene terephthalate specimens are reported. The investigations cover a temperature range from 80° to 530°K and a frequency range from about 100 to 1300 cycles/sec. Radiation doses greater than 10 9 rads significantly decrease the temperature of the main glass transition and cause other changes in the internal friction spectra. Addition of water also causes a shift of the glass transition to lower temperatures.

Effects of Nuclear Radiation on Men and Materials.

Effects of Nuclear Radiation on Men and Materials.

Radiation hardening of copper single crystals

The effect of nuclear radiation on the mechanical properties of copper has been studied. It has been found that the yield stress, which is substantially increased by the radiation, increases as the cube root of the flux. A strong temperature dependence of the yield stress of irradiated copper is observed with the yield stress being given by a function similar to σ = A — BT 1 2 above 40° K. A Lüders band with slip lines of very large step height is associated with the enhanced yield stress at small strains. At large strains the phenomenon of overshoot is observed. The annealing kinetics of the radiation hardness have also been studied in the temperature range from 25° K to 700° K. Little or no annealing is observed in the region below 80° K. In the region from 80° K to 300° K approximately 20 % of the yield stress is recovered, with the remainder annealing in the range from 600° K to 700° K. These results have been discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms by which the hardening can occur. While by no means conclusive, these data support a dislocation locking mechanism. On the other hand a very close analogy exists between radiation hardening and the hardening which arises from the addition of impurities, e.g. the hardening in α brass. The correlation between work hardening and radiation hardening appears to be quite small.

Signal Corps Studies of Nuclear Radiation Effects on Electronic Components and Materials

The U. S. Army Signal Research and Development Laboratory has long been interested in the effects of nuclear radiation on electronic components and materials. An historical account of USASRDL participation in earlier weapons tests is presented along with more recent efforts toward the evaluation of component operation during a burst of nuclear radiation using various pulsed reactor facilities. The radiation effects on some present-day components is briefly described, and possible directions of future efforts to develop radiation-resistant components and equipment are proposed.

Effect of Nuclear Radiation on Engineering Materials

The importance of radiation damage in materials for use in nuclear power reactors is emphasized and an account is given of various types of radiation damage in such materials. The displacement of atoms by nuclear radiation is briefly discussed and examples are shown of recent electron microscopical photographs of radiation damage in materials. A discussion is given of radiation damage in graphite and the importance of stored energy as a reactor problem. The effect of displaced atoms in producing radiation hardening in metals and radiation embrittlement in structural steels is emphasized and discussed in relation to reactor pressure-vessels. Problems of growth, wrinkling, creep, and inert fission gases in uranium are considered in relation to the life of reactor fuel elements.

The effects of nuclear radiation on the electrical strength of air

With the emphasis today upon extended environmental conditions for electronic equipment used in military aircraft and guided missiles, there is a pressing need for the simultaneous testing of such equipment under two or more of these extreme environments. This paper describes a program completed by the General Electric Company covering the testing of spark gaps in the Brookhaven National Laboratory's graphic reactor. It consisted of a 2-week in-pile exposure designed to investigate the voltage breakdown strength of air at various pressures in the presence of intense nuclear radiation of the following approximate levels: Fast flux: 1 × 1011 fast neutrons per cm2-sec (centimeter2-seconds) Thermal flux: 2 × 1012 thermal neutrons per cm2-sec Gamma flux: 1 × 1012 gamma photons per cm-sec2

Effect of Nuclear Radiation on Jet Fuels

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEffect of Nuclear Radiation on Jet FuelsA. C. Nixon, R. E. Thorpe, and H. B. MinorCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. 1960, 52, 1, 47–50Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1960Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1960https://doi.org/10.1021/ie50601a036RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views29Altmetric-Citations1LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (506 KB) Get e-Alerts

Atomic Energy May Become Future Oil-Recovery Tool

Increasing interest has developed in the possible use of atomic energy for petroleum development. And, atomic energy may become future oil-recovery tool. So, it is the purpose of this paper to discuss the effects of underground nuclear explosion and radiation on oil recovery.

The effects of nuclear radiation on coal and methanation reactions

The effects of nuclear radiation on coal and methanation reactions

EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR RADIATION

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessEFFECTS OF NUCLEAR RADIATIONEditor, The American Journal of Psychiatry:Herbert I. HarrisHerbert I. HarrisSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.115.11.1042AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail "EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR RADIATION ." American Journal of Psychiatry, 115(11), pp. 1042–1043 Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - American Journal of Psychiatry Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byNone Volume 115Issue 11 May 1959Pages 1042-1043 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 May 1959

The Effects of Nuclear Radiation on Materials†

The principles underlying the effects of nuclear radiations on materials are outlined. Practical examples are used to illustrate these principles. (C.J.G.)

In-Pile Measurements of Radiation Effects in Magnetic Materials

Experiments have been performed at Brookhaven National Laboratory to determine the effects of nuclear reactor radiation upon the characteristics of ferrites and metallic magnetic materials. Photographs of 60 cycle hysteresis loops and bridge measurements of 1000 cycle inductance were made before irradiation, periodically during irradiation, and after reactor shutdown. The samples were irradiated for 12 days, resulting in an integrated fast flux of 1.6×1017 neutrons/cm2. No permanent effect was observed in any ferrite. In-pile changes in ferrite properties are identified with changes due to temperature variations resulting from gamma ray absorption. Permanent damage was observed in all metallic samples tested. Supermendur and Deltamax were least affected, showing increases of the order of 50% in coercive force and small decreases in initial permeability. Various samples of 4–79 Mo-Permalloy were affected differently, but all showed change in shape of hysteresis loop, several hundred percent increase in coercive force, and about 80% decrease in initial permeability. Supermalloy was most damaged by radiation, showing marked effects after 24 hr, and progressively greater effects throughout the exposure period.

The Effect of Nuclear Radiation on the Electrical Breakdown in Air (Mainly on the Uniform or Quasi-uniform Field with Sphere Gap)

The Effect of Nuclear Radiation on the Electrical Breakdown in Air (Mainly on the Uniform or Quasi-uniform Field with Sphere Gap)

A Reliability Analysis of the Effects of Nuclear Radiation on the Electrical Properties of Capacitors

A Reliability Analysis of the Effects of Nuclear Radiation on the Electrical Properties of Capacitors

EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR RADIATION

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 16 p. 551-552 World Medical Association EFFECTS OF NUCLEAR RADIATION First published: 01 October 1958 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1958.tb58612.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2, Issue16October 1958Pages 551-552 RelatedInformation

WMA doctors consider effects of nuclear radiation

WMA doctors consider effects of nuclear radiation

The effect of nuclear radiation on explosives

The results of a study to determine the relative resistance of a number of explosives to effeets of low-energy γ -rays will be presented. The data obtained from irradiating the materials at several temperatures by the 0.41 MeV γ -quantum emitted by 198 Au demonstrate that no obvious correlation exists between the radiation resistance of explosives and their thermal stability, mechanical sensitivity or ignition temperature. In view of their well-known explosive behaviour, the resistance of explosives to irradiation decomposition is surprising. In some cases chemical instability during irradiation is detectable with difficulty even at doses of 10 6 r. It is evident from the data as well, that the chemical structures in question exhibit a varied resistance to radiation effects and suggest that resonance properties of certain molecules contribute markedly to radiation resistance.

The Effect of Nuclear Radiation on Fibrous Materials

Cotton, rayon, and acetate yarns were exposed for different periods of time to thermal neutrons and to gamma rays. The results have shown that total dose is the deciding factor in the extent of change in physical properties of the materials and that gamma rays (Co60) alone have essentially the same effect as thermal neutrons when the energies from the two are equated. The decreasing order of stability of the materials was acetate, rayon, and cotton. The data suggest that there are linkages in the native cellulose molecule susceptible to radiation that are not present in the regenerated materials.

The Effect of Nuclear Radiation on Fibrous Materials

The dye adsorption characteristics of a series of cotton and rayon samples exposed for different periods of time to gamma rays and to thermal neutrons have been deter mined. For this work substantive dyes of known behavior toward degraded celluloses were used. The effect produced in the case of neutrons was twofold. At the early stages and again during the later stages of irradiation, the dye adsorption of the samples was increased: at intermediate exposures the adsorption was decreased. Because hy drolyzed cellulose behaves in the former manner and the acidic type of oxidized cellulose in the latter, the data suggest that neutrons have an effect similar to both hydrolysis and oxidation. Gamma rays (CO60). however, gave only the effect of oxidation.