Effect of empowerment interventions on health literacy and health behaviors of pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy-related pain: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

The effectiveness of housing-based interventions and harm reduction among adults experiencing homelessness: a systematic review of recent controlled evidence (2019-2025).

The impact of incorporating patient educational videos for secondary prevention in adults with coronary artery disease; A systematic review of randomized and quasi-experimental, controlled trials.

Non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts among individuals seeking assessment for Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes.

Effects of a 24-week intervention with freeze-dried blueberries on brain health in older adults: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Comprehensive Evaluation and Management Strategies for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis: A Critical Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Workforce model interventions for the oral health of older adults in long-term care facilities: An umbrella review.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction and systemic insulin resistance, with meta-inflammation playing a critical role in disease progression. As the major type of immune cell population in islets, both resident and recruited macrophages are important regulators of the islet immune microenvironment under physiological and T2D conditions. Exercise is an effective strategy for treating T2D, yet its impacts on islet inflammation and β-cell dysfunction remain elusive. Here, we established a mouse model of exercise intervention in obesity-associated T2D by combining high-fat diet (HFD) feeding with treadmill running. Notably, exercise markedly improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, accompanied by substantial mitigation of HFD-induced β-cell dysfunction, islet hypertrophy, and alterations in β-cell subpopulations. Exercise also reduces intra-islet infiltration of CD45+ immune cells and dampens pro-inflammatory gene expression, indicating robust attenuation of islet inflammation. Using untargeted plasma proteomics, we identified the secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) as a circulating factor, whose suppression is associated with exercise-linked islet protection under HFD conditions. Mechanistically, our data support a model in which SPARC contributes to β-cell dysfunction, at least in part, through macrophage inflammasome-related signaling. Further analysis of a human cohort demonstrates that circulating SPARC protein levels are markedly elevated in patients with T2D, exhibiting a significant negative correlation with parameters indicative of insulin sensitivity and β-cell function, and a positive correlation with insulin resistance. Together, this work provides a systemic characterization of the effects of exercise intervention on islet homeostasis and β-cell function, and highlights SPARC as a candidate immuno-metabolic node for T2D intervention.

Digital health interventions for improving mental health outcomes and wellbeing for adults with diabetes: A systematic review.

Prior meta-analyses have suggested that training utilizing virtual reality (VR) serves as a secure and effective intervention for elderly individuals experiencing mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Nevertheless, the effectiveness of such interventions appears to differ among various populations and cognitive domains. Furthermore, there remains a significant gap in understanding the effectiveness of VR-based training, specifically among individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The researchers conducted a comprehensive search of databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE up until July 1, 2025, focusing on randomized controlled trials that investigated VR-based training in patients diagnosed with AD. The outcomes measured were categorized and analyzed separately, encompassing overall cognitive performance, distinct cognitive domains, psychosocial function, physical capabilities, and the execution of daily living activities within the context of AD trials. Of the 265 publications identified, 11 (4.15%) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) eventually met all eligibility criteria. Those who received VR-based training showed significantly better global cognitive function [SMD (95%CI) = 0.44 (0.21-0.68)] and Short-term memory [SMD (95%CI) = 0.62 (0.25-0.99)] than the controls. However, no significant improvements were observed in areas such as executive function, spatial memory, activities of daily living, quality of life, balance and coordination, fear of falling, risk of falls, and depression levels. VR-based interventions demonstrated beneficial effects on global cognitive function and short-term memory in AD populations. Due to the small sample size, the current research on evidence for efficacy in people with AD is weak and limited in many indicators.

App-based healthy lifestyle education during pregnancy: Longitudinal effects on mental health in a quasi-experimental study.

Effects of an imagery-enhanced behavioral activation intervention on depressive symptoms and activation levels: Results from the WIMBA-trial.

Scleral remodeling in myopic progression: Microenvironmental dynamics, molecular networks, and targeted therapeutic strategies.

Writing plays a crucial role in educational achievement in general and the successful transition from primary to secondary school. The aim of the present quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effect of a writing intervention on primary students’ writing performance and writing motivation. The sample included 846 children (Grades 3-4) across nine schools. The intervention was delivered through students’ regular teachers, with teachers in the experimental group participating in a multi-component professional learning intervention (PLI) focused on evidence-based teaching of writing, emphasizing a Scaffolded Process Approach that highlighted process-oriented instruction with feedback, and supports such as modeling. The practices were implemented by teachers in their regular classrooms. We assessed text length and writing quality through texts produced in response to picture prompts, which were administered at three time points (pre-, post-, and follow-up). In addition, we measured self-efficacy and writing enjoyment (pre-post). The data were analyzed using multilevel modeling with children nested within classes. The findings revealed a significant effect on narrative writing quality from pre-to post-test, and learning gains were largely sustained on the follow-up assessment. Text length and writing self-efficacy increased in both the experimental and the control group, while there was a small decline in writing enjoyment. Overall, the teacher-led intervention positively influenced writing quality. We further discuss the results concerning student motivation and treatment fidelity, underscoring the central role of teachers in supporting writing growth. • We investigated the effects of a teacher-led intervention on narrative writing. • Teachers in the experimental group participated in professional development. • The focus was on process-oriented writing, feedback, and modeling. • Students in the experimental group outperformed those in the control group. • No beneficial effect on motivation was found.

Effects of Kolcaba's comfort theory-based breathing awareness intervention initiated in the second trimester on third-trimester comfort in primiparous women: a randomised controlled trial.

The effect of robot-based interventions on depression in older adults with cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of information and communication technology interventions on mental health literacy among young adults and adolescents. The systematic review and meta-analysis methods were guided by the Cochrane guidelines for systematic reviews of interventions and the PRISMA guidelines. Included articles were evaluated with appraisal tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. The authors searched nine databases to January 2026: PubMed, CINAHL, ERIC, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, PsycInfo and Scopus for relevant articles. A total of 55 articles were included in this review. The interventions were successful in enhancing mental health literacy (p < 0.001), recognition of mental health disorders (p < 0.001), stigma (p < 0.001), help-seeking attitudes/beliefs (p < 0.001) and intentions (p < 0.01). They were useful for improving personal stigma, social distance, self-stigmatisation of seeking help and stigmatising attitudes but not self-stigma, perceived stigma, stigmatisation by others for seeking-help, explicit attitudes and perception of dangerousness. The interventions were generally useful for improving mental health literacy. Interactive approaches such as websites, videos, and discussions were generally more effective than campaigns, games, applications, mere information or lectures.

Evaluating active driver intervention strategies in sequential conflict scenarios: a counterfactual reasoning-based framework.

Mobile health strategies to improve HPV vaccination uptake among parents of adolescent girls: a scoping review.