Effects Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Research Articles

The effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed out-of-hospital and in-hospital with manual or automatic device methods and laboratory parameters on survival of patients with cardiac arrest.

Determining the predictive factors for cardiac arrest may be helpful in the management of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and in estimating the outcome. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of demographic data, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiating setting, compression method, and laboratory parameters on survival from cardiac arrest. A total of 414 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Patients were grouped into those who underwent out-of-hospital CPR and those who underwent CPR in the hospital and patients who received automatic compression and those who did not receive. In addition to pH, lactate and bicarbonate in arterial blood gas, CK-MB, troponin, urea, creatinine, calcium, potassium, and glucose were measured. The mean age of patients was 70.36±15.68 years, and 170 (41.1%) were female. Although the success rate of CPR in the OHCA group (22.2%) was lower than in the patients in the IHCA group (30.9%), the difference was not statistically significant. There was no difference between the two groups in the comparison of mechanical compression devices and manual compression. In the logistic regression analysis, high pH and low lactate values were found to be independent predictors of survival. The results of this study revealed no significant difference between IHCA and OHCA CPR applications and between manual and mechanical compressions in terms of survival in patients with cardiac arrest. In addition, higher pH levels and lower lactate levels measured during CPR were independent predictors of survival.

Effects of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with Automated External Defibrillator Training among Schoolchildren in Slovenia: A Pre- and Post-test Cohort Study.

IntroductionA low proportion of bystanders in Slovenia are willing to provide resuscitation to people experiencing cardiac arrest. We measured knowledge acquired after cardiopulmonary resuscitation training among Slovenian children in the final three grades of primary school.MethodsThis pre- and post-test cohort study included 566 schoolchildren aged 12–15 years. From April to May 2018, we administered a 15-item questionnaire to children in 15 primary schools, to assess the effects of theoretical and practical cardiopulmonary resuscitation training on their knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation at 1–2 months after training. Data were processed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses.ResultsA significantly greater level of post-training knowledge was noted in all three equally sized school grade groups (p=0.001). The youngest group (mean age 12.5 years) exhibited the greatest increase in knowledge, with test scores increasing by an average 2.65 (range 0–15) points. Age (p=0.001), body mass index (p=0.037), female sex (p=0.006), and previous resuscitation training (p=0.024) were significant independent predictors of pre-training knowledge level. Sex was the only predictor significantly influencing knowledge levels after training (p=0.002); girls scored up to 0.7 points higher than boys, both before and after training.ConclusionsAmong Slovenian schoolchildren aged 12–15 years, a significantly improved level of theoretical knowledge was demonstrated after cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. The introduction of cardiopulmonary training may be most effective in children aged 12.5 years (seventh graders). Early, compulsory resuscitation training might reduce social barriers to performing resuscitation, which may eventually translate into better post-cardiac arrest outcomes.

Outcome of stage IV cancer patients receiving in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a population-based cohort study

The effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on patients with advanced cancer remain to be elucidated. We identified a cohort of patients with stage-IV cancer who received in-hospital CPR from the Taiwan Cancer Registry and National Health Insurance claims database, along with a matched cohort without cancer who also received in-hospital CPR. The main outcomes were post-discharge survival and in-hospital mortality. In total, 3,446 stage-IV cancer patients who underwent in-hospital CPR after cancer diagnosis were identified during January 2009–June 2014. A vast majority of the patients did not survive to discharge (n = 2,854, 82.8%). The median post-discharge survival was 22 days; 10.1% (n = 60; 1.7% of all patients) of the hospital survivors received anticancer therapy after discharge. We created 1:1 age–, sex–, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI)–, and year of CPR–matched noncancer and stage-IV cancer cohorts (n = 3,425 in both; in-hospital mortality rate = 82.1% and 82.8%, respectively). Regression analysis showed that the stage-IV cancer cohort had shorter post-discharge survival than did the noncancer cohort. The outcome of patients with advanced cancer was poor. Even among the survivors, post-discharge survival was short, with only few patients receiving further anticancer therapy.

Oxymatrine protects against the effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation via modulation of the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway

Previous studies have demonstrated that oxymatrine may inhibit ventricular remodeling and serves an important role in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. The present study investigated whether oxymatrine treatment protects against the effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) via regulation of the transforming growth factor‑β1 (TGF‑β1)/mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) signaling pathway. A CPR model was established in Sprague‑Dawley (SD) rats by asphyxiation, and rats were subsequently anaesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate. SD rats were then administered 25 or 50mg/kg oxymatrine once a day for 4weeks. Oxymatrine treatment significantly improved troponinI levels, the ejection fraction, hydroxyproline content and the myocardial performance index in model rats. However, treatment with oxymatrine significantly reduced arterial oxygen tension, arterial lactate levels and oxygen extraction. Treatment with oxymatrine following CPR significantly inhibited the protein expression levels of TGF‑β1, TGF‑β1 receptor type 1 and Smad homolog 3 (Smad3) in model rats. The results of this research indicated that oxymatrine treatment may protect against the effects of CPR via regulation of the TGF‑β1/Smad3 signaling pathway and may be a novel drug for CPR in a clinical setting.

Effects of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation at High Altitudes on the Physical Condition of Untrained and Unacclimatized Rescuers

The authors experienced a case of prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on Mount Fuji (3776 m) that demanded strenuous work by the rescuers. The objective of this study was to provide information regarding the physiologic effects on the rescuers of performing CPR at moderate altitude. The effects of CPR at 2700 m and 3700 m above sea level on the physical condition of the rescuers were studied in 8 male volunteers. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation for 5 minutes at 3700 m significantly reduced arterial blood oxygen saturation and increased rate-pressure products (P < .05). Scores on the Borg scale, a subjective score of fatigue, after CPR action at 2700 m (P < .05) and 3700 m (P < .01) were higher than the scores at sea level. Prolonged CPR at high altitude exerts a significant physical effect upon the condition of rescuers. A role for mechanical devices should be considered wherever possible.

Effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on predictors of ventricular fibrillation defibrillation success during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on predictors of ventricular fibrillation defibrillation success during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Lidocaine pharmacokinetics after cardiac arrest and external cardiopulmonary resuscitation

In conclusion, the effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on lidocaine distribution and metabolism appear to be of little significance in the usual clinical situation.