Effect Of Andrographis Paniculata Research Articles

The Effects of Andrographis Paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees Extract on the Liver White Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced by Lead Acetate

The Effects of Andrographis Paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees Extract on the Liver White Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced by Lead Acetate

The Effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Wall. Ex Nees and Andrographolide on Neuroinflammation in the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) affect millions of people worldwide, and to date, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are the most common NDs. Of the many risk factors for neurodegeneration, the aging process has the most significant impact, to the extent that it is tempting to consider neurodegenerative disease as a manifestation of accelerated aging. However, genetic and environmental factors determine the course of neurodegenerative disease progression. It has been proposed that environmental stimuli influence neuroplasticity. Some clinical studies have shown that healthy lifestyles and the administration of nutraceuticals containing bioactive molecules possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have a preventive impact or mitigate symptoms in previously diagnosed patients. Despite ongoing research efforts, the therapies currently used for the treatment of NDs provide only marginal therapeutic benefits; therefore, the focus is now directly on the search for natural products that could be valuable tools in combating these diseases, including the natural compound Andrographis paniculata (Ap) and its main constituent, andrographolide (Andro). Preclinical studies have shown that the aqueous extract of Ap can modulate neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative responses, reducing inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in various NDs. Therefore, in this review, we will focus on the molecular mechanisms by which Ap and Andro can modulate the processes of neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, which are significant causes of neuronal death and cognitive decline.

Effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F.) Extract on Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats.

Hyperglycemia and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a significant role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Andrographis paniculata (AP) is a plant with high flavonoid content with the potential to suppress oxidative stress activity in cells and tissue. This study was aimed to investigate the role of Andrographis paniculata extract (APE) in protecting kidney damage due to the formation of AGEs in the renal glomerulus in diabetic rats. A total of 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: normal control group, streptozocin (STZ) induced diabetic group, STZ-induced diabetic group with AP extract (100 mg/kg BW), STZ-induced diabetic rats with AP extract (200 mg/kg BW), and STZ-induced diabetic rats with APE (400 mg/ kg BW). Blood glucose levels were measured before treatment and after treatment. Serum and urine parameters were determined. Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxide levels were determined in the kidney along with histopathological examination. The finding of this study showed that treatment APE at the dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg ameliorated kidney hypertrophy index. SOD, catalase, and GSH activities significantly decreased in the kidney of STZ-diabetic rats compared to the normal control rats. Treatment with APE significantly decreased malondialdehyde level at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg BW. This study revealed evidence for improving diabetic retinopathy in male rats treated with Andrographis paniculata extract. APE significantly decreased oxidative stress activities in kidney of diabetic rats.

Effect of Andrographis paniculata and Phyllanthus amarus leaf extracts on selected biochemical indices in Drosophila melanogaster model of neurotoxicity

Aluminum (Al)-induced toxicity in fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is one of the established models for studying neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases. Alkaloid phytochemicals have been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effects. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of alkaloid extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Phyllanthus amarus leaves on Al-induced toxicity in wild type Drosophila melanogaster. The flies were exposed to diets containing 40 mM AlCl3, and the alkaloid extracts (0.1 and 1 mg/ml). Thereafter, the flies were assessed for learning and memory, as well as locomotor performance 14 days post-treatment. This was followed by homogenizing the flies and the homogenates were assayed for acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidase and catalase activities, as well as the malondialdehyde content. The results showed that the alkaloid extracts of both leaves could ameliorate the aluminum-induced behavioral and biochemical impairments in the flies. The HPLC analysis of the alkaloid contents revealed that there is an abundance of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, caffeine and carpaine. Thus, alkaloid extracts from these leaves could serve as promising therapeutic candidates for the management of neurodegenerative disease.

The Effect of Andrographis Paniculata (AP) on Palliative Management of Advanced Esophageal Cancer

The Effect of Andrographis Paniculata (AP) on Palliative Management of Advanced Esophageal Cancer

Effect of Andrographis Paniculata to the Expression of IL-6, IL-17, IL-10, TGF?, and the Ratio of Treg / Th17 in Sprague Dawley Rats with Atherosclerosis Diet and Cigarette Smoke

Effect of Andrographis Paniculata to the Expression of IL-6, IL-17, IL-10, TGF?, and the Ratio of Treg / Th17 in Sprague Dawley Rats with Atherosclerosis Diet and Cigarette Smoke

Investigation of the Combination Effects of Andrographis Paniculata With Chemotherapeutics for Esophageal Cancer Treatment

Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixthmost common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Surgery is the main treatment option for EC, however, postoperative recurrence rate is high due to cancer metastasis. Even though surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and concurrent radiation have shown favorable efficacies, searching for alternative adjuvant treatments—such as Chinese herbal medicines—for metastatic EC also get patients’ desire. Based on our previous screening among various Chinese herbs, Andrographis paniculata (AP) exhibited anti-tumor effect in human esophageal cancer cells. The present study therefore aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activities of AP and the combined effects of such herbal extract with standard chemotherapeutics for EC, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Human squamous esophageal cancer (EC-109) xenograft-bearing mice model was employed to evaluate the in vivo antitumor activities. The absorption of AP water extract was determined in human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers. The absorbed AP components have been evaluated for their cytotoxicity using MTT assay. Our preliminary results of in vivo study showed that the number of tumor nodules was decreased in intraperitoneal xenograft-bearing mice treated with AP water extract (1600 mg/kg daily for 20 days). Besides, AP treatment also enhanced the inhibitory effects of cisplatin plus 5-FU on the number of tumor nodules. In view of our in vitro results, the absorbed AP components (APPC) showed significant cytotoxicity on EC-109. Furthermore, seven known chemical constituents were identified in the APPC for the first time, suggesting these absorbed AP components may be responsible for the activities. In conclusion, the AP water extract is effective on inhibiting tumor growth in vivo and the chemical constituents in the absorbed AP components were identified, which may further enhance the understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of this herb. The anti-metastasis effects of AP will also be further investigated. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: This work was supported by Food and Health Bureau HKSAR, Health and Medical Research Fund no. 11120981.

Studies on effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) and Andrographis lineata nees (Family: Acanthaceae) extracts against two mosquitoes Culex quinquefasciatus (Say.) and Aedes aegypti (Linn.)

ObjectiveTo investigate the studies on effects of Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) (Burm.f.) and Andrographis lineata (A. lineata) nees (Family: Acanthaceae) extracts against two mosquitoes Culex quinquefasciatus (Cx. quinquefasciatus) (Say.) and Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) (Linn.). MethodsThe aqueous and petroleum ether extracts of two plant species, A. paniculata and A. lineate were examined against the larvae of A. aegypti (L.) and Cx. quinquefasciatus with gradually increasing concentration ie. from 50 to 200 ppm of solvent extracts and to test their activity in combination with each other. ResultsIn a 24 h bioassay experiment with plant extracts, highest mortalities were recorded at 200 ppm of concentrations for leaves of A. lineta and A. paniculata individually. For combination effect, only 150 ppm of the mixture of solvent extracts of petroleum ether: aqueous (1:1) extracts showed 100% mortality after 24 h of exposure. ConclusionsThe results show that, insecticides of plant combination is ecofriend and has better larvicidal activity compared to individual extracts.

Effects of Andrographis paniculata and Orthosiphon stamineus Extracts on the Glucuronidation of 4-Methylumbelliferone in Human UGT Isoforms

The effects of Andrographis paniculata and Orthosiphon stamineus extracts on the in vitro glucuronidation of 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) by recombinant human UGTs, UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A10, UGT2B7 and UGT2B15 were determined. The potential inhibitory effects of both of the extracts on the activity of each of the UGT isoforms were investigated using 4MU as the substrate. Incubations contained UDP-glucuronic acid (UDPGA) as the cofactor, MgCl2, cell lysate of respective isoform, and 4MU at the approximate apparent Km or S50 value of each isoform. Final concentrations of Andrographis paniculata and Orthosiphon stamineus extracts used were 0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 25 and 50 μg/mL and 0.01, 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 50 μg/mL respectively. Both extracts variably inhibited the activity of most of the isoforms in a concentration dependent manner. Andrographis paniculata extract was the better inhibitor of all the isoforms studied (IC50 1.70 μg/mL for UGT1A3, 2.57 μg/mL for UGT1A8, 2.82 μg/mL for UGT2B7, 5.00 μg/mL for UGT1A1, 5.66 μg/mL for UGT1A6, 9.88 μg/mL for UGT1A7 and 15.66 μg/mL for UGT1A10). Both extracts showed less than 70% inhibition of UGT2B15, so the IC50 values were >50μg/mL. The inhibition of human UGTs by Andrographis paniculata and Orthosiphon stamineus extracts in vitro suggests a potential for drug-herbal extract interactions in the therapeutic setting.

Renoprotective effects of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees in rats

Background. Renal failure is an increasingly common condition with limited treatment options that is causing a major financial and emotional burden on the community. Andrographis paniculata is the plant used in Ayurveda for several remedies. Scientific evidence suggests its versatile biological functions that support its traditional use in the Orient. The plant is claimed to possess immunological, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, and hepatoprotective properties. But, to date, there is no study demonstrating the protective effect of A. paniculata on gentamicin-induced renal failure. The present study aims to highlight the first ever reported, antirenal failure activity of A. paniculata.Methods. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: normal control, gentamicin control, and aqueous extract of A. paniculata (200 mg/kg, per oral (p.o.))-treated. The nephrotoxic model was induced by gentamicin (80 mg/kg, intraperitoeal (i.p.)). Blood samples were examined for serum creatinine, serum urea, and blood urea nitrogen after the 10 days of treatment.Results. A gentamicin-induced nephrotoxic animal model was successfully prepared. Aqueous extract of A. paniculata attenuated the gentamicin-induced increase in serum creatinine, serum urea, and blood urea nitrogen levels by 176.92%, 106.27%, and 202.90%, respectively.Conclusion. The present study reports that the aqueous extract (whole plant) of A. paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees exhibits a significant renoprotective effect in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male Wistar albino rats.