Effects Of Training Research Articles

The Impact of Work Motivation, Training, and Career Development on University Academic Staff Performance

This study examines how educational staff performance at a private university in Surabaya is affected by work motivation, career development, and training. Universities, as establishments of higher learning, rely heavily on the performance of their human resources, particularly their faculty. This study is pertinent in light of the critical role that instructional personnel play in facilitating the learning process. Workplace motivation, professional development, training, and instructional staff effectiveness are among the factors under investigation. It is intended that by analyzing the data, we will be able to determine the degree to which these factors affect educational staff performance directly or indirectly. It is intended that this research's findings would aid in creating regulations pertaining to higher education's use of human resources, particularly regarding raising the calibre of teaching personnel. In addition, the findings of this study can serve as a guide for future investigations into the variables influencing individual performance in companies.

Preventing Trauma and Grief in Emergency and Critical Care Units: A Mixed Methods Study on a Psycho-Educational Defusing Intervention.

Emergency and critical care services inevitably expose their staff to potential work stressors and traumatic events, which can cause emotional, behavioral, and physical reactions. The literature presents a wide range of evidence-based knowledge on the effectiveness of interventions to promote mental health after traumatic events. However, little is known about the effectiveness of prevention programs. In this study, we sought to improve the empirical understanding of the potential of a combination of psycho-educational-defusing training for trauma prevention. We employed a mixed methods approach using statistical modeling and content/focus group analysis to describe the sample of investigation and the effectiveness of the prevention training. A retrospective quantitative chart measured and evaluated the psychological state of physicians, nurses, and registered nurses (N = 222). A retrospective qualitative chart examined staff accounts of traumas and their coping strategies via autobiographies (n = 26). Prospective focus groups examined participants of the psycho-educational defusing intervention administered (n = 61). Findings revealed different forms of experiencing grief and trauma. Prospective analysis of the training effectiveness revealed favorable perceptions by participants. Results support the formal implementation of continuous prevention, building relational support, and coping strategies as keys to recovery and preventing traumas.

Synergistic Role of Aerobic Training and Resveratrol on AMPK/PGC1-α/SIRT1 Pathway in the Hippocampus of Rats with Alzheimer's Disease

Background: Alzheimer's disease symptoms indicate that increased Aβ leads to central nervous system dysfunction. Exercise reduces Aβ deposition through the AMPK signaling pathway. Additionally, resveratrol (RSV) has neuroprotective effects related to cognitive decline. Objectives: This study investigated the effects of aerobic training and RSV on the AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 pathway in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's rats. Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Normal (NO), Alzheimer's (AD), Alzheimer's-training (ADT), Alzheimer's-resveratrol (ADRSV), and Alzheimer's-training-resveratrol (ADTRSV). The supplement groups received 20 mg of RSV (per kg of body weight) orally during the intervention period. The aerobic exercise program, which included running on a treadmill at speeds of 6 - 18 meters per minute, was performed 5 days a week for eight weeks. Results: Alzheimer's induction caused a significant decrease in the expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 (P = 0.0001). Exercise and RSV significantly increased the expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 in AD rats (P < 0.05). Additionally, significant increases in the expression of AMPK, PGC-1α, and SIRT1 were observed in the ADTRSV group compared to the ADT group (P = 0.034, P = 0.020, and P = 0.038, respectively) and ADRSV (P = 0.026, P = 0.021, and P = 0.021). Conclusions: AD induction was associated with decreased AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT1 expression. Aerobic exercise and RSV consumption can reverse this decrease. Given the crucial role of this signaling pathway in hippocampal function, alterations in these indicators following physical activity and RSV use may partially mitigate Alzheimer's disease complications.

Evaluating Exercise Training Effects on VO2max: A Systematic Review of Protocol Efficacy and Measurement Variability

Background: Despite extensive research on the effects of exercise training on VO2max, current literature still lacks to be more conclusive regarding the optimal protocols for maximizing these effects. Variability in study designs, participant populations, and measurement techniques has contributed to inconsistencies in findings, leaving important questions unanswered regarding the most effective exercise strategies. Purpose: This systematic review aims to integrate current research to understand better how different exercise interventions influence VO2max outcomes. Methods: Using Covidence, a web-based platform for systematic reviews, 22,617 studies were initially imported. Following rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria, such as focusing on experimental studies with human participants aged 18 or older, VO2max measured via indirect calorimetry, and supervised aerobic training, 724 studies were selected for detailed analysis. Results: A swift analysis of imported studies reveals that most of the studies included in this review were conducted in the United States (n=158), Canada (n=75), and Australia (n=59), reflecting a predominance of research from these regions. Among the studies analyzed, 159 employed moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), 100 utilized high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and 54 implemented sprint interval training (SIT). This distribution highlights the varied approaches to exercise training across different geographical locations and research settings, providing a broad base for understanding how these protocols impact VO2max. Conclusion: The findings from further analysis of this data will help clarify the impact of various exercise intensities and modalities on VO2max, offering guidance for optimizing training protocols, as such it serves as a crucial tool for addressing key questions in exercise physiology, including whether there are significant sex differences in VO2max responses and which exercise training protocols are most effective.

Response to workplace aggression in forensic and secure mental health services: Investigating staff confidence, associated factors, and training needs.

To evaluate forensic and secure mental health services (FSMHS) staff's confidence in managing workplace aggression, identify associated factors, and explore their workplace aggression prevention training needs. Through an online survey, staff rated their experience of workplace aggression, perceived effectiveness of current training, and confidence in responding to workplace aggression, and described training needs. Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify associated factors with statistical significance. Thematic analysis was used to generate themes describing their training needs. The staff perceived current training as low-to-medium in effectiveness, mirroring their confidence in managing workplace aggression. Nurses experienced more workplace aggression compared to other professions. Staff working at High Security perceived current training as less effective compared to those working at Medium Security or Low Security. Qualitative findings underscored the necessity for improved training content, methods, and supportive strategies. Recommendations for enhancing training include: tailoring training to FSMHS settings; equally focussing on both non-physical and physical intervention techniques; providing more scenario-based hands-on practice opportunities; delivering training in a reasonable trainer-trainee ratio; prioritising nurses and High Security staff and integrating other professions into the training framework; and implementing strategies that support staff, consumers, and environment to ensure training effectiveness and applicability.

Innovative boxing training program outperforms the traditional scapular stabilization training program in post-stroke patients

Facilitating the restoration of upper limb functionality is a key objective of stroke rehabilitation. This study aimed to compare the effects of boxing and scapular stabilization training on scapular mobility, balance angle, muscle strength, motor function, and satisfaction in hemiparetic patients. A total of sixty patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups: the boxing group (BG; n = 20), the scapular stabilization group (SSG; n = 20), or the control group (CG; n = 20) which received no treatment at all. Each treatment group participated in three sessions per week for a total of eight weeks. The scapular mobility, balance angle (SBA), muscle strength, upper extremity motor functions (Manual Function Test-MFT), and treatment satisfaction were evaluated. The BG group showed greater improvements in the SBA (F = 59,951; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.682), mobility-frontal plane (F = 7998; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.222), mobility-sagittal plane (F = 91,632; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.766), and mobility-transverse plane (F = 48,713; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.635) than did the CG group. BG strengthened the serratus anterior (F = 42,227; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.601), while SSG strengthened the infraspinatus (F = 31,772; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.532) more than did CG. Compared with those in the SSG, supraspinatus (F = 52,589; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.653), upper trapezius (F = 42,890; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.605), anterior deltoideus (F = 30,844; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.524), latissimus dorsi (F = 84,345; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.751), MFTs (F = 52,363; p = 0.000; η2 = 0.652) and satisfaction (p = 0.008) were greater in the BG. Both approaches had a beneficial impact on the recovery process. However, boxing training was more effective than scapular stabilization training for several parameters. Clinical Trial Number: NCT05568173 date 5/10/2022.

Trait-level predictors of human performance outcomes in personnel engaged in stressful laboratory and field tasks

IntroductionPersonnel performance under stress hinges on various factors, including individual traits, training, context, mental and physiological states, and task demands. This study explored the link between the traits of military personnel and their performance outcomes in five domains: move, shoot, communicate, navigate, and sustain.MethodsA total of 387 U.S. Army soldiers participated in this study, undergoing trait assessments covering physical, cognitive, social–emotional, demographic/lifestyle, and health domains. Performance was measured through lab and field events assessing a broad range of individual and team-level skills under conditions demanding resilience to acute cognitive and physical stress exposure. Analysis used feature selection and elastic net regression.ResultsAnalyses revealed complex associations between traits and performance, with physical, cognitive, health-related, social–emotional, and lifestyle traits playing roles in guiding and constraining performance. Measures of resilience, emotion regulation, grit, and mindfulness were identified as relevant predictors of several performance-related outcomes.DiscussionResults carry implications for the selection, training, and operational effectiveness of personnel in high-stakes occupations including military and first response. Further research is necessary to explore the mechanisms underlying these associations and inform targeted interventions to boost personnel effectiveness.

Influence of auditory-based cognitive training on auditory resolution, executive function, and working memory skills in individuals with mild cognitive impairment – a pilot randomized controlled study

Background Age-related central auditory processing disorder and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be concomitant in older adults, making it difficult to communicate, especially in challenging listening conditions. This preliminary study investigated the efficacy of auditory-based cognitive training on the auditory processing abilities and cognitive functions of older adults with MCI. Methods In this randomized controlled trial twenty-two older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were randomly assigned to either an experimental (n=11) or a control group (n=11). The experimental group received 15 cognitive training sessions through tasks involving the auditory domain. The outcome measures of this study included auditory resolution (Temporal gap detection, frequency discrimination, and modulation detection) and cognitive measures (Trail making tests and digit recall), which were administered at three-time points (before training, post-training, and follow-up). The linear mixed model computed the effects of training on the outcome measures. Results A significant improvement was observed in the modulation detection threshold between baseline and follow-up and between post-training and follow-up sessions. However, GDT and FD thresholds did not reveal any statistically significant difference. In the trail making test, Part B showed consistent significance across the time points, whereas Part A and the delayed recall task showed no significant difference. Conclusion Auditory-based cognitive training may improve auditory processing and executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Trial registration CTRI/2019/01/017073, registered on 14.01.2019

Development and Preliminary Validation of the Dating Violence Prevention Self-Efficacy Scale for School Staff.

This article describes the development of an instrument used to evaluate the perceived self-efficacy of school staff in addressing dating violence (DV) among youth. The study employed a mixed exploratory sequential design. First, a series of items was elaborated upon based on the scientific literature on self-efficacy and material from 15 semi-structured interviews conducted with school staff. Then, a sample of 110 school staff members answered an online survey. An exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure reflecting dimensions of self-efficacy in addressing DV: communicating DV content to youth (α = .93) and the ability to intervene with youth who experience DV (α = .91). The scale could offer a means to assess the effectiveness of training offered to school counselors and teachers regarding DV prevention.

Telehealth general case parent training for children at risk for autism.

Parent-mediated interventions for infants and young children with an increased likelihood of autism may help ameliorate developmental concerns; however, generalization of parents' teaching strategies to novel child target skills has not been consistently demonstrated. This study expanded our parent training program, Parent Intervention for Children at-Risk for Autism (PICARA), by incorporating telehealth general case training (PICARA-TGCT) to promote generalization of teaching skills. Five parent-child dyads participated. Child target skills were chosen from the categories of imitation, receptive language, and expressive language. A concurrent multiple-baseline-across-participants design was used to evaluate the effect of training across two cohorts of parent-child dyads. Dependent variables included the percentage of correct parent teaching skills and the percentage of child correct responses. Parent teaching skills increased across all participants for both trained and untrained child target skills, as did child skills. This study provides support for PICARA-TGCT as an efficacious and efficient early intervention model.

Improved heart rate variability in postmenopausal women following short-term combined exercise training

Imbalances in cardiac autonomic nervous systems are associated with cardiovascular risk factors and poor cardiac outcomes. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a practical and reproducible measure of cardiac autonomic nervous system function. Exercise training promotes positive adjustments in HRV. However, previous studies have reported mixed results. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term combined exercise training on heart rate variability in post-menopausal women. Thirty-four women aged 50-80 years, at least 12 months post-menopause, were divided into a control (CON) group and an exercise (EX) training group. The participants in the exercise group underwent a 2-week of combined exercise program consisting of aerobic, strength, flexibility, and balance exercises. HRV was recorded using an Actiheart device, before and after the final exercise intervention in a sitting position. The significant main effects of time and group were found in the parameter of SDNN (p time = 0.039; p group = 0.026). Post-hoc analysis showed a borderline increase in SDNN in the EX group (POST: 48.79 ± 17.88 VS 44.54 ± 17.39, p = 0.055). No significant change was observed in the CON group (POST: 35.55 ± 13.51 VS 33.17 ± 8.74, p = 0.288). Statistical analysis of other HRV components revealed no significant results (all P > 0.05). In conclusion, a 2-week of combined exercise training program, including aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility exercises improves global cardiac autonomic function in post-menopausal women. Keywords: combined exercise training, heart rate variability, blood pressure, menopause, and women

How Teaching Air Traffic Control College Students About Stress Improves Stress Management

The modern, fast-paced lifestyle intertwined with intricate technological advancements can significantly contribute to stress levels, which can impede decision making and adversely affect action tasks. For Air Traffic Control (ATC) professionals, stress management (SM) skills are increasingly recognized as essential for success. The intent of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of SM technique training to enhance knowledge about stress and to promote the use of SM techniques. Thirty-one participants from an aeronautical university were assigned to either an experimental group receiving SM training or a control group. A questionnaire assessing SM knowledge and use of SM techniques was administered pre-training, immediately after training, and several weeks after training. Participants in the experimental group showed an increase in SM knowledge and a willingness to use SM techniques, particularly rational self-talk, even weeks after the training. Thus, SM training can improve stress awareness for ATC students, potentially enhancing aviation safety.

Investigating the Effects of Manual Therapy and Pelvic Floor Training on Erectile Dysfunction: A Case Study

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common issue in men, often associated with various factors, such as obesity, diabetes, and more. This case study examines the impact of friction massage combined with pelvic floor exercises on ED in three patients, linked to prostatic adenectomy, aging, and diabetes. Case Description: Patients followed a one-month regimen of pelvic floor exercises and techniques. The technique’s progress was monitored via video calls twice a week. Exercises lasted for 10 min daily, along with a 10-min massage. We assessed improvement using the international index of erectile function 15 (IIEF15) questionnaire and erection hardness score (EHS), as well as ultrasound scans. Results: Following treatment, all three patients showed increased EHS and IIEF15 15 scores. Muscular thickness increased in the ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles, while the cavernosal artery exhibited higher systolic velocity and lower diastolic velocity, although maximum blood flow velocity in the posterior vein decreased. Treatment had the most significant impact on the adenectomy patient, followed by the elderly patient and then the diabetic patient. Conclusion: Combining friction massage and pelvic floor exercises led to improved erection- related indicators and increased patient satisfaction.

Investigating the Effects of Exergame Training on Functional Activities Among Newly-Fitted Patients with Unilateral Transtibial Amputation: A Preliminary Study

Introduction: This preliminary study investigates the effects of adding exergame (EG) training to conventional exercises on the functional activities of newly fitted patients with unilateral transtibial amputation. Materials and Methods: A total of 22 newly fitted patients with unilateral transtibial amputation were equally and randomly divided into two groups as follows: the EG group who performed exercises and EG training and the control group who performed exercise only. The 2-min walk test, timed up and go test, amputee mobility predictor with prosthesis test, and physiological cost index were assessed at baseline and after 2 and 4 weeks of the intervention. Results: Both interventions effectively improved the 2-min walk test distance, timed up-and- go test, and the amputee mobility predictor with prosthesis test scores in patients with newly fitted transtibial amputation (P<0.001). Additionally, a significant improvement was observed in the timed up-and-go test time in the EG group versus the control group after the 4-week intervention (P=0.04, effect size=0.53). Conclusion: The findings of this preliminary study further support that adding EG to exercises significantly increases movement speed among amputee patients.

Potential Effects of Lifelong Team Handball and Football Training and Nutritional Habits on Bone Health and Body Composition in Elderly Women

Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of lifelong team handball/football training on regional bone health and body composition in elderly women. Methods: Seventeen elderly women team handball/football players (65.9 ± 5.7 years) and twenty-one untrained age-matched women (controls) (67.7 ± 5.1 years) participated. Whole-body and regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans of arms, legs, and lower spine (L1–L4) were performed. Results: We observed 8% and 9% higher bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), respectively, at the whole-body level and in the legs and 11.5% higher BMC in the legs in team handball/football players compared to untrained age-matched controls (p < 0.05). Higher total and leg lean body mass (p < 0.05), along with lower total body fat percentage (p < 0.05) and higher T- and Z-scores, markers of fragility risk fracture (0.294 ± 1.461 vs. −0.538 ± 1.031; 1.447 ± 1.278 vs. 0.724 ± 0.823, respectively), were also found in team handball/football players compared to controls (p < 0.05). No significant differences in nutritional habits were observed between groups. Conclusions: Our study suggest that the beneficial effects of lifetime handball/football practice on bone preservation in elderly women occur independently from nutritional intake, which emphasize the potential role of team sports in osteoporosis prevention. Future studies should focus on the cofounding factors and causative mechanisms mediated by team sport practice in osteoporosis prevention.

The Role of Simulation Technologies in Optimizing Care for Critical Obstetric Conditions

Modern requirements for the training of an obstetrician-gynecologist include meeting the educational and professional needs of a specialist, providing high qualifications in modern conditions of medical activity, as well as improving professional competencies on the topics studied. The study analyzes the effectiveness of simulation training for obstetricians and gynecologists using simulation technologies in critical obstetric conditions.

Effectiveness of Simulation Training in the Implementation of Independent Nurse Appointment in Viamedis Clinics

As part of the implementation of the dynamic observation reform in Viamedis clinics, it is planned to expand the job functions of a nurse with the implementation of a full-fledged nursing reception of chronic patients. The concept of "nursing reception" includes an initial examination, physical examination, assessment of the condition in dynamics, the appointment of a research plan and their interpretation in accordance with the regulatory legal acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the identification of alarming clinical and laboratory signs, determination of patient management tactics within the framework of nursing competence and further routing.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Training Using Simulation Equipment and Simulators for Midwives of Maternity Hospitals

For the purpose of professional growth and assignment of qualification categories in the profile "Obstetrics" additional professional education (advanced training programs and professional retraining programs) and training in simulation centers are included. The results of the effectiveness of the training of midwives of maternity hospitals in the specialty "Obstetrics" on the topic "Development of practical skills of the algorithm of actions in the diagnosis of moderate and severe preeclampsia in a pregnant woman and a woman in labor in a maternity hospital" in the federal accreditation center of the Far Eastern State Medical University are presented.

Preparing Students for the 2024 Professionals Championship

Professional skill championships are one of the forms of assessment of professional competencies. The assessment of professional competencies is a matter of interest for employers. The requirements for a modern specialist are very high, these are: the ability to adapt to changing working conditions, have the necessary set of professional competencies, be able to navigate non-standard situations and make important decisions. To increase the effectiveness of training and improve results, it is necessary to systematize the entire training process.

Enhancing emergency competencies in healthcare professionals via murder mystery games: An innovative gamification learning-based approach

BackgroundEnhancing the emergency competencies of healthcare professionals is essential for ensuring patient safety, optimizing emergency response efficiency, and fostering effective team collaboration. However, traditional simulation-based methods often struggle to accurately replicate real-life emergencies, resulting in outcomes that may not fully reflect actual performance, thereby undermining their effectiveness in training and developing the critical skills needed for emergency situations. ObjectiveThis study evaluated the effectiveness of using murder mystery games (MMGs) as a gamified learning method to enhance the emergency competencies of healthcare professionals. MethodsTwelve scripts of emergency scenarios were developed for the MMGs, and five assessment scales were established, covering emergency response, scenario decision-making, team collaboration, emotional support, and human care. Questionnaire data were analyzed between the experimental and control groups using Chi-square tests for five dimensions and nineteen indicators of emergency competencies. ResultsThe performance of the experimental group in emergency response and emotional support was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). The experimental group also showed notable excellence in scenario decision-making, team collaboration, and human care (P<0.005). ConclusionsEmergency capabilities can be significantly enhanced through murder mystery games, providing robust support for improving the quality of medical services.