This study examined the impact of Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) practices on supply chain resilience. It was guided by three key questions: (1) What timely risk identification practices enhance resilience? (2) What monitoring practices strengthen resilience? and (3) What risk treatment strategies support resilient outcomes? A descriptive research design with a quantitative approach was adopted. The study targeted heads of departments, procurement and stores managers, administrative officers, production managers, project managers, and finance officers. Using purposive sampling, 40 respondents were selected from a population of 60, with 39 valid responses collected through self-administered questionnaires. The data were coded and analyzed using SPSS. Findings revealed that effective supply chain risk management is crucial to an organization's survival and resilience. Firms that identify risks early are better positioned to maintain control, allocate resources efficiently, enhance agility, and implement timely mitigation strategies. Continuous risk monitoring was found to improve flexibility, visibility, collaboration, and overall responsiveness. Similarly, structured risk treatment practices strengthened recovery capacity, resistance, redundancy, trust, financial stability, and competitive advantage. The study concludes that the timely and systematic implementation of risk identification, monitoring, and treatment practices significantly enhances supply chain resilience and organizational performance. It recommends that organizations adopt cost-effective, process-driven risk management systems, promote timely information sharing among stakeholders, decentralize risk-related decision-making, and foster a strong risk management culture. Further research with larger samples is encouraged to deepen the understanding of emerging dimensions of supply chain resilience.

In modern supply chain management, selecting sustainable agile suppliers is essential. This approach integrates agile practices with sustainability principles to build resilient, eco-friendly supplier networks. It enhances competitiveness, reduces environmental impact, and supports effective supply chain risk management. By prioritizing environmental, social, and economic factors in supplier selection, organizations can form lasting partnerships that align with sustainability goals and remain adaptable to shifting market demands. This study aims to identify the optimal supplier for a Sustainable Agile Manufacturing process by incorporating insights from three decision-makers and evaluating five alternatives based on 20 specific criteria. In this article two integrated Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model proposed within Pythagorean fuzzy (PF) environment to identify the optimal supplier for sustainable agile manufacturing. First, the Pythagorean fuzzy MEthod based on the Removal Effects of Criteria (MEREC) method is used to calculate objective criteria weights, followed by the Pythagorean fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method to determine subjective criteria weights. Then, the Pythagorean fuzzy Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to COmpromise Solution (MARCOS) and Pythagorean fuzzy Multi-Attributive Border Approximation area Comparison (MABAC) methods are applied to finalize the selection of the most suitable supplier. The results of this study indicate that the 4th alternative is the optimal supplier for a sustainable, agile manufacturing process. Additionally, this article explores the interdependencies among criteria and provides comprehensive sensitivity and comparison analysis, along with insights into the managerial implications of this research.

A key stumbling block in effective supply chain risk management for companies and policymakers is a lack of visibility on interdependent supply network relationships. Relationship prediction, also called link prediction is an emergent area of supply chain surveillance research that aims to increase the visibility of supply chains using data-driven techniques. Existing methods have been successful for predicting relationships but struggle to extract the context in which these relationships are embedded – such as the products being supplied or locations they are supplied from. Lack of context prevents practitioners from distinguishing transactional relations from established supply chain relations, hindering accurate estimations of risk. In this work, we develop a new Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) enhanced machine learning framework that leverages pre-trained language models as embedding models combined with machine learning models to predict supply chain relationships within knowledge graphs. By integrating Generative AI techniques, our approach captures the nuanced semantic relationships between entities, thereby improving supply chain visibility and facilitating more precise risk management. Using data from a real case study, we show that GenAI-enhanced link prediction surpasses all benchmarks, and demonstrate how GenAI models can be explored and effectively used in supply chain risk management.

In megaproject supply chains, the involvement of diverse stakeholders — including contractors, government agencies, project intermediaries, and local communities — creates intricate social networks that influence both risk exposure and mitigation strategies. This study investigates how specific social network elements - namely trust, reciprocity, network centrality, and information asymmetry - shape risk management decisions in the context of African megaprojects, with empirical focus on South Africa and Ghana. Using an exploratory mixed-methods approach, the research identifies how these social structures both facilitate and hinder risk responses in dynamic megaproject environments. The study contributes to a better understanding of the impact of these specific elements on the process of supply chain risk management. It emphasizes the pivotal role of social network elements in megaproject supply chains, by examining key elements shaping these networks and their implications for effective supply chain risk management. The findings are expected to offer insights for developing proactive strategies to manage the complexities of social networks, thereby empowering stakeholders in successful megaproject execution.

Global supply chains have become highly vulnerable to disruptions caused by pandemics, geopolitical conflicts, trade wars, and sustainability pressures. This narrative review synthesizes existing research on risk management strategies with a focus on resilience, collaboration, sustainability, and strategic intelligence. Literature searches were conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, covering studies published between 2010 and 2024. The findings highlight resilience strategies—such as redundancy, agility, and digitalization—as essential mechanisms for mitigating disruptions. Redundancy reduces operational vulnerabilities through buffer inventories and multiple sourcing, while agility enables rapid adjustments to volatile conditions. Digitalization further enhances resilience by improving real-time monitoring and decision-making. Collaborative governance and risk-sharing contracts strengthen supply chain networks by fostering trust and distributing risks equitably. Geopolitical events and the COVID-19 pandemic illustrate the fragility of global networks, emphasizing the importance of supplier diversification, localization, and technological preparedness. Sustainability-related risks, including environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues, require integrated frameworks that align resilience strategies with ethical and regulatory imperatives. Strategic intelligence emerges as a dynamic capability that supports proactive adaptation and recovery. This review concludes that effective supply chain risk management requires integrated and adaptive frameworks combining resilience, collaboration, and intelligence. Policy support, investment in logistics infrastructure, and targeted strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are critical for building sustainable and competitive global supply chains in an increasingly uncertain environment,

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities within global supply chains, with Malaysia’s manufacturing sector, a cornerstone of the nation’s economy, experiencing significant disruptions. This study explores the interplay between supply chain risk management (SCRM), supply chain resilience (SCR), and sustainability efforts (SE) within the context of Malaysia’s priority manufacturing sectors—namely aerospace, chemicals, electrical and electronics (E&E), pharmaceuticals, and medical devices. Employing a quantitative research approach, data were collected from 360 firms, and the hypothesized relationships were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings confirm that effective SCRM practices significantly enhance SCR across all sectors, with the E&E industry exhibiting the strongest relationship due to its reliance on globalized networks. Furthermore, SCR positively influences supply chain performance (SCP), highlighting its critical role in maintaining operational efficiency, delivery reliability, and customer satisfaction during disruptions. The study also reveals a nuanced moderating role of SE on the SCRM-SCR relationship, with significant effects observed in the aerospace sector, underscoring the sector-specific dynamics of resilience-building efforts. This research offers one of the first empirical assessments of these dynamics across Malaysia’s most strategic manufacturing industries, providing sector-specific insights aligned with the country’s New Industrial Master Plan 2030. The findings offer valuable guidance for Malaysian businesses and policymakers seeking to enhance supply chain robustness, sustainability, and competitive advantage in preparation for future disruptions.

Supply chain risk management is crucial for the consumer products industry, given its susceptibility to uncertainties and risks. This research investigates the relationship between supply chain risks and performance within this sector, based on a sample of 385 entrepreneurs from Small Medium Sized enterprises (SMEs) in the consumer goods industry across ASEAN countries. Supply chain performance, defined as the ability to meet end-customer demands, involves ensuring commodity availability, on-time deliveries, and maintaining sufficient inventory and capacity across organizational boundaries, from raw materials to the final consumer. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study establishes a strong correlation between supply chain performance and risks, highlighting the necessity for effective supply chain risk management to enhance overall performance in the consumer products industry. Understanding the diverse economic development, infrastructure, and regulatory environments across ASEAN nations is crucial. Leveraging the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) for economic integration and regional trade agreements can mitigate supply chain risks and improve performance. Entrepreneurs in the consumer products industry are encouraged to collaborate with governmental organizations, considering the challenges posed by regulatory landscapes, cross-border logistics, and geopolitical risks within ASEAN. Adapting strategies to the specific characteristics of each ASEAN country, optimizing logistics, and addressing cultural nuances are essential for successful supply chain risk management. By aligning with regional and national governments, businesses can proactively address risks, seize opportunities, and contribute to the resilience and growth of the ASEAN consumer products industry.

Even when the turbulences are quite disruptive, Nissan starting from the days of the more devastating Japan earthquakes of 2011, has remained resilient to withstand the effects of all economic unpredictabilities and shocks. Given the global supply chain management challenges that the modern global businesses experience, it is such insights that motivated this study to use systematic review as the qualitative research method to evaluate the global supply chain management approaches that Nissan uses. Through such analysis, the study aims to discern the best practices that can be adopted by the global businesses experiencing certain global supply chain management-related challenges. To recover its supply chain operations, thematic analysis of several studies indicated that Nissan adopted a recovery plan reflecting a combination of supply chain recovery strategies encompassing effective leadership, agility and flexibility, contingency planning, and profiling and prioritization. Since Japan is one of the global hotspots for earthquakes and tsunami, Nissan introduced the strategies for managing its supply chain disruptions in the way that bolsters its business continuity, survival and sustainability during a disaster. It adopted innovative operations to mitigate the impact of electricity outages. Besides emphasising suppliers’ usage of alternate sourcing, Nissan also adopted buffer stocking as compared to JIT system. Nissan introduced a more effective supply chain risk management, while also focusing on the bestselling cars, US and Chinese markets as well as continuous evaluation and improvement. Nissan had its own unique challenges, but it is still a set of such best practices that the businesses experiencing certain supply chain management challenges can explore.

The efficient movement of pharmaceuticals through various stakeholders to reach customers in the appropriate quantity and at the right time is achieved through supply chain management. However, the intricate nature of supply chain processes poses tremendous supply chain risks and jeopardizing pharmaceutical manufacturing company's ability. Failure to address these risks can hinder the provision of high-quality health services. However, effective supply chain risk management can foster more resilient and efficient global supply chains. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of pharmaceutical supply chain risks management practices on operational performance of pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Analytical cross-sectional study complemented with qualitative method was conducted at pharmaceutical manufacturing companies in Addis Ababa between May-August 2023. One hundred seventy two staffs working in four manufacturing companies included in the study. For quantitative part, pretested a self-administered five-point Likert scale questionnaire was used and analyzed using SPSS® -version 26. Assumptions of linear multivariate regression were checked and the level of significance determined at a 95% CI and p-value <0.05. Nine face to face in-depth interviews with key informants were conducted to gather the qualitative data, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis technique. The study included 172 employees from four manufacturing companies, with a response rate of 97%. The regression analysis revealed that demand (β=-0.191, t = -4.162, p < 0.05) and supply side risks (β=-0.131, t = -2.015, p < 0.05) have a negative effect on the operational performance of manufacturing companies. Holding other variables constant, a one-unit increase in demand and supply side risks results in 19.1% and 13.1% lead to decrease in operational performance of manufacturing companies, respectively. Increasing costs of freight, shortage and fluctuating foreign exchange rate for currency, lack of logistics expertise and organized risks mitigation team were the major challenges for manufacturing company's operational performance. Demand and supply side risks affected the supply chain performance of the manufacturing companies. Furthermore, the increasing costs of freight, shortage of foreign currency, lack of logistics expertise and organized risk mitigation team were the main bottleneck for pharmaceutical manufacturing company's performance. The study result suggests demand and supply side risks, increasing costs of freight; shortage foreign currency exchange rate and lack of logistics expertise in companies should be given attention by stakeholders to improve operational performance. Furthermore, understanding these risk factors can improve the operational performance of the pharmaceutical industry by influencing policy and industry practices in the larger framework of global supply chain risk management not only one country.

Supply chain risk management (SCRM) has become a critical concern for manufacturing companies, particularly in Southeast Asia, where globalization and market volatility pose significant challenges. Effective SCRM is essential for maintaining operational stability and achieving financial performance. However, empirical evidence on the relationship between SCRM practices and financial outcomes in this region remains limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of supply chain risk management on the financial performance of manufacturing companies in Southeast Asia, providing insights into how SCRM practices can enhance profitability and resilience. A quantitative research design was employed, utilizing survey data collected from 250 manufacturing companies across Southeast Asia. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships between SCRM practices and financial performance indicators, such as return on assets (ROA) and profit margins. The findings reveal that effective SCRM practices, including risk identification, assessment, and mitigation, significantly improve financial performance. Companies with robust SCRM systems reported higher profitability and greater resilience to disruptions. Risk mitigation strategies, in particular, were found to have the strongest positive impact on financial outcomes. This study highlights the importance of implementing comprehensive SCRM practices to enhance financial performance in the manufacturing sector.

Purpose: This research aims to investigate the effect of SCRM on the ER capabilities based on the Gaza strip and focuses specifically on humanitarian relief supplied within conflict-zoned places. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research employs empirical information and sophisticated analytical tools which are used to understand the complicated activities in supply chain operations under unique conditions that come with Gaza's socio-political structure. The data was collected in a field survey among 150 employees working in humanitarian organizations within the target area. Findings: The research shows a statistically insignificant relationship between effective supply chain risk management and emergency response in Gaza. It also reiterates the difficulty faced by humanitarian aid to overcome logistical and infrastructural bottlenecks. The presence of UNRWA and ICRC organizations comes significant in connecting supply chain gaps hence to improve the general resilience and responsiveness among an emergency operation Practical Implications: The findings provide actionable offer policy and operationally relevant recommendations for strategic supply chain management. To Increase the efficiency of response, it is also necessary to improve collaboration between supply chain managers and aid organizations enhancement of emergency response abilities. Originality/Value: This research provides valuable insights into how supply chain risk management operates in conflict zones, one of the frontiers for humanitarian aid.

In today's rapidly evolving business landscape, effective supply chain management (SCM) is crucial for achieving success. Accurately predicting product demand is a significant challenge for companies, impacting customer satisfaction, inventory optimization, cost reduction, and operational efficiency. This study focuses on demand forecasting within intelligent supply chains (SCs) and supply chain risk management (SCRM), aiming to enhance overall SC efficiency and mitigate risks, highlighting the use of deep learning hybrid and singles models to address SCRM challenges, specifically in mitigating uncertainty and improving demand prediction accuracy. Our research paper investigates predictive modeling techniques for demand forecasting within the automotive sector. Specifically, we assess the effectiveness of Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and a hybrid RNN-ANN model with Gradient Boosting (GB). Through meticulous analysis and evaluation, we demonstrate the superior predictive accuracy of the hybrid model compared to individual models. The results indicate consistent outperformance of the hybrid model, as evidenced by lower Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE) values across electric and thermal product categories. This research aims to provide valuable insights and practical tools for businesses to refine their demand prediction processes. By addressing demand uncertainty, organizations can streamline their SCs, minimize costs, and establish a responsive and adaptable framework for sustainable growth.

Supply chain risk management is crucial for the consumer products industry, given its susceptibility to uncertainties and risks. This research investigates the relationship between supply chain risks and performance within this sector, based on a sample of 385 entrepreneurs from Small Medium Sized enterprises (SMEs) in the consumer goods industry across ASEAN countries. Supply chain performance, defined as the ability to meet end-customer demands, involves ensuring commodity availability, on-time deliveries, and maintaining sufficient inventory and capacity across organizational boundaries, from raw materials to the final consumer. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study establishes a strong correlation between supply chain performance and risks, highlighting the necessity for effective supply chain risk management to enhance overall performance in the consumer products industry. Understanding the diverse economic development, infrastructure, and regulatory environments across ASEAN nations is crucial. Leveraging the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) for economic integration and regional trade agreements can mitigate supply chain risks and improve performance. Entrepreneurs in the consumer products industry are encouraged to collaborate with governmental organizations, considering the challenges posed by regulatory landscapes, cross-border logistics, and geopolitical risks within ASEAN. Adapting strategies to the specific characteristics of each ASEAN country, optimizing logistics, and addressing cultural nuances are essential for successful supply chain risk management. By aligning with regional and national governments, businesses can proactively address risks, seize opportunities, and contribute to the resilience and growth of the ASEAN consumer products industry.

The 2019 COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of supply chain resilience in the face of global disruptions. Supply chain disruptions caused by isolation measures during the pandemic triggered market turmoil, logistical uncertainty, and reduced production capacity, which sometimes led to shutdowns. In this context, research on supply chain resilience is crucial to prepare companies for future disruptions. This research aims to examine the impact of supply chain resilience on supply chain continuity in manufacturing companies in DKI Jakarta, focusing on the role of digital supply chains, information processing capabilities, and supply chain risk management. This research method uses a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 300 respondents in the basic and chemical industry, miscellaneous industries, and consumer goods sectors through purposive sampling techniques. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to identify the relationship between variables. The results showed that supply chain resilience has a significant positive influence on supply chain continuity. In addition, digital supply chains, information processing capabilities, and effective supply chain risk management were shown to support supply chain resilience in the studied sectors. The implication of this research is that it is important for companies to invest in digital technology, develop better information processing capabilities, and implement effective risk management to strengthen their supply chain resilience and continuity in the face of future global uncertainty.

Background Supply chain risk management is crucial for the consumer products industry due to its vulnerability to uncertainties and risks. This study investigates the relationship between supply chain risks and performance among SMEs in the ASEAN countries. Supply chain performance, defined as meeting end-customer demands, involves ensuring commodity availability, on-time deliveries, and maintaining sufficient inventory and capacity across organizational boundaries from raw materials to the final consumer. Methods The study utilized a sample of 385 entrepreneurs from the consumer products industry in ASEAN countries. The research was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to establish the correlation between supply chain performance and risks. Factors related to the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) for economic integration and regional trade agreements were incorporated to understand the diverse economic development, infrastructure, and regulatory environments across nations. Results The analysis revealed a strong correlation between supply chain risks and performance. Entrepreneurs in the consumer products industry should collaborate closely with governmental organizations to address the unique challenges posed by regulatory landscapes, cross-border logistics, and geopolitical risks within the ASEAN region. Adapting to cultural nuances and market variations, along with optimizing logistics and infrastructure, are crucial for successful supply chain risk management. Conclusions Effective supply chain risk management significantly enhances the performance of the consumer products industry’s supply chain. Entrepreneurs in this sector should align their strategies with regional and national governments to proactively address issues and mitigate risks. Continuous monitoring and adaptive measures are necessary to handle emerging risks in the dynamic market landscape. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers, suggesting that supportive frameworks and policies are necessary to bolster SME capabilities in risk management. By fostering a collaborative environment between the public and private sectors, ASEAN countries can enhance overall supply chain resilience. Future research could explore sector-specific risk management practices and their impact on supply chain robustness, underscoring the imperative for SMEs to adopt proactive and integrated risk management approaches to thrive in a complex and evolving economic environment.

The Healthcare sector is undeniably one of the most critical sectors in any given economy and disruptions in this industry have dire consequences that affect patient care, the efficiency of healthcare systems and by far public health. This publication seeks to analyze and discuss the vital role of supply chain risk management in addressing disruptions, becoming resilient and ensuring that healthcare services function effectively. The pandemic (COVID-19) brought to fore just how critical it is to have a robust and agile system for supply chain risk management in healthcare, the sudden and unprecedented surge in demand for essential medical equipment like personal protective equipment (PPE) left millions of people at risk thereby jeopardizing their safety and health. This crisis echoed the urgent need for efficient and effective supply chain risk management strategies to mitigate such risks and ensure the availability of vital medical supplies. This review paper will be sharing different strategies and actionable tips to develop contingency plans, identify, reduce potential disruptions and recommended practices for risk management in the healthcare supply chain. This will highlight key areas such as inventory management and stockpiling, which focuses on maintaining safety stock levels to buffer against sudden disruptions, using advanced analytics to forecast demand and manage inventory levels. It will also examine risk assessment and identification by pinpointing potential attacks, threats, and vulnerabilities within the healthcare supply chain through thorough risk assessments. Additionally, it will cover supplier base diversification, emphasizing the importance of engaging multiple suppliers to reduce dependency on a single source and enhance supply chain resilience by balancing global and local suppliers to mitigate geographic disruption risks. Furthermore, it will explore the integration of technology, leveraging innovative solutions like blockchain for enhanced transparency, security, and traceability of supply chain transactions.

Background: Supply chain disruptions have always existed, but have become more intense during the last decade or so. Factors in the macro environment have also contributed and none more so than during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In general, firms were not ready for disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, numerous firms were resilient and recovered quicker to their pre-COVID positions than other firms. Objectives: This research addressed how firms with effective supply chain risk mitigation strategies managed supply chain disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and which lessons were learned to prepare for future disruptions. Method: An online survey instrument with scalable responses was used to conduct quantitative research. A total of 221 workable questionnaires were used to analyse the data using SPSS software. Several hypotheses were formulated and were tested using t-tests. Results: The findings show clear differences in how firms used agility and flexibility, collaboration and redundancy as supply chain risk mitigation strategies to manage upstream, internal and downstream disruptions. Conclusion: The level of effective supply chain risk management strategies implemented by firms seems to significantly contribute to the effective management of upstream, internal and downstream disruptions. It appears as if agile and flexible firms that collaborate more with their supply chain partners and who implement redundancy strategies, are better prepared to respond to disruptions. Contribution: Managers can improve the effectiveness of their supply chain risk management strategies by seeking more agile and flexible solutions, collaborating more with supply chain partners and utilising redundancy strategies.

The dynamism of the current business environment emanates significant challenges and disruption risks for supply chains. These vulnerabilities in contemporary supply chains have motivated a substantial academic focus on supply chain risk management (SCRM). In the empirical literature on SCRM, a firm's external environment is conceptualized as a source of risk, and various organizational and technological factors are discussed as influencers of SCRM. However, the factors studied in the literature are generally narrow and analyzed in isolation, which has resulted in a fragmented and inconsistent understanding of the role of organizational and technological setups in SCRM. This study offers a systematic understanding of the antecedents and consequences of effective SCRM by investigating the associations between a manufacturer's environmental, organizational, and technological contexts, SCRM, and agility. The study employs the information processing view as the primary theoretical lens and relies on large-scale multi-industry and multicountry survey data for empirical analysis. In contrast to the threat-rigidity thesis, the findings of this study suggest that manufacturers seek collaborative and flexible work settings to respond to environmental challenges. Besides increasing efficiency, such organizational settings and enhanced technological setups can increase information processing capability to enable SCRM and agility. These findings challenge the suggestions that initiatives taken for efficiency can increase the risk factor and deteriorate performance. The study provides novel insights into the underlying information processing mechanisms for effective SCRM and highlights the importance of organizational and technological setups in enhancing these core mechanisms.

The aim of this study is to explore the emerging field of predictive risk management in supply chains: a critical area due to the increasing volatility and complexity of global markets. With the rapid advancement of technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), this study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current research and practices to help organisations to prepare for potential disruptions and improve their decision-making processes. The gap in the literature that this study addresses is the lack of systematic research on integrating predictive risk management strategies into supply chains with using of advanced technologies. While existing research emphasises the benefits of AI and ML, this study found out, that there is a significant knowledge gap on how these technologies can be effectively used to predict and mitigate risk accordingly. The used methodology in this study involved a systematic literature review. The authors conducted a thorough search of two leading academic databases: Web of Science and EbscoHOST and selected relevant articles which had been published between January 2021 and March 2024. The selection process included removing duplicates, reviewing abstracts, and focusing on articles that provided quantitative and qualitative insights into predictive risk management. The summary of findings shows that integrating AI and ML into supply chain risk management significantly improves the accuracy of risk predictions and the agility of supply chains. The study categorises the challenges and solutions which had been identified in the literature and highlights the importance of proactive risk management, the complexity of supply chain management and the potential of advanced analytics / digital technologies. The findings highlight the need for both technological advances and organisational adaptations to fully exploit these innovations for an effective supply chain risk management.

Supply chain risk management is an important area that enterprises in globalized competition must address. Effective supply chain risk management not only helps to ensure production and delivery stability but also improves competitiveness. As an internationalized enterprise, Humanwell Healthcare faces diversified risks from various links in the supply chain. This study aims to explore Humanwell Healthcares supply chain risk management strategy to improve its ability to identify, assess and respond to supply chain risks. Through comprehensive literature analysis and case studies, this study will provide an in-depth analysis of Humanwell Healthcares supply chain risk characteristics and propose corresponding management methods and tools. The study results show that Humanwell Healthcare can effectively reduce and control supply chain risks and improve its overall business performance by establishing an effective risk identification mechanism, strengthening the cooperative relationship with suppliers, and adopting appropriate insurance measures. This study provides useful reference and inspiration for other supply chain risk management enterprises.