Key components of effective contact interventions for reducing public mental health stigma: An updated meta-analysis.

Multifaceted cell death in atherosclerosis: Mechanisms, pathological impact, and therapeutic targeting.

Prevalence of tetA and other antibiotic resistance genes in multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria from chicken manure

A discouraging increase in diabetes-related nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations (NLEA) has occurred over the last decade. Individuals with diabetic neuropathy (DMPN) and CKD are at the highest risk for NLEA. Despite the critical implications, little is known about the factors that initiate the cascade of events leading to NLEA, limiting early and effective interventions. We aimed to develop and implement a technique for quantifying metatarsal bone density and microstructure using HR-pQCT. Twelve participants were enrolled: n = 3 healthy controls (CON; 57±4yr, BMI 30±13kg/m2, eGFR 106±4mL/min/1.73m2), n = 3 who had type 2 diabetic neuropathy with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) stage 1 (DMPN; 66±2yr, BMI 27±3kg/m2, eGFR 96±2mL/min/1.73m2), and n = 6 who had type 2 diabetic neuropathy with eGFR defined stages 2-4 (DMPN+eGFR2-4; 69±10yr, BMI 28±3kg/m2, eGFR 64±20mL/min/1.73m2). Participants underwent assessments including HR-pQCT of the second metatarsal, dynamic plantar pressure measurements, and multi-segment foot biomechanics analysis during gait. Between-group and pooled correlational analyses were performed. The DMPN+eGFR2-4 group exhibited the highest cortical porosity at the mid-diaphysis, the highest pressure-time integrals at the hindfoot and for the total foot, the lowest intersegmental foot excursions, and lowest maximum ankle power. Correlation analyses revealed strong relationships between eGFR and cortical porosity (r=-0.868, p<.001), stance hindfoot excursion (r=0.662, p=.027), swing toe excursion (r=0.759, p=.007), swing forefoot excursion (r=0.823, p=.002), swing hindfoot excursion (r=0.745, p=.007), and ankle power (r=0.717, p=.013). Skeletal deterioration, abnormal loading, and poor biomechanics underscore the compounded effects of DMPN and eGFR decline on foot health, likely a consequence of CKD-mineral bone disorder syndrome. These findings suggest potential targets for intervention to prevent NLEAs in this high-risk population. Further research is needed to explore the interaction between DMPN and CKD and targeted therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes.

Food insecurity and depressive symptoms among miners in Ghana: The role of psychosomatic factors

Effect of early developmental intervention to improve cognitive and motor outcomes in premature infants: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Persistent inequities in severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and maternal mortality in the United States have received national attention over the past decade. This scoping review aimed to outline evidence-based interventions to decrease these inequities. We adapted a socioecologic framework of SMM and maternal mortality to integrate three equity approaches: 1) interventions across subpopulations, 2) analytic strategies, such as subanalyses or reporting outcomes among priority groups, and 3) assessing risk factors unique to priority groups. We conducted a structured search of peer-reviewed medical databases then assessed findings qualitatively. We included studies of SMM or its components, mortality, and postpartum rehospitalization that used an equity approach and focused on groups disproportionately affected by maternal mortality, such as Black, Indigenous, and rural populations and those with low income. Our findings revealed a lack of rigorous peer-reviewed interventions in many areas but identified key findings in multiple domains of our model, especially at the health system level. Although evidence is too nascent for firm conclusions on effective interventions, our review provides examples of best practices to guide future design and reporting of maternal health equity interventions.

The Effectiveness of Combining Exercise and Dietary Supplements on Cognition in Older Adults: A Narrative Review.

Background. Excessive screen time is a real public health issue among young people given its negative consequences. It is important to rely on proven interventions to better support young people in adopting a healthy and meaningful lifestyle. The Lifestyle Redesign occupational therapy approach could help achieve this, but it has not yet been documented or explored with this population. Purpose. To demonstrate the relevance of adapting and testing the Lifestyle Redesign approach with young people who spend excessive amounts of time in front of screens, in the hopes of inspiring research or innovation projects in youth practice settings. Key issues. Many young people spend too much time using screens during their leisure activities. During adolescence, young people tend to increase their screen time during leisure activities, while also isolating themselves socially, struggling with boredom, and replacing physical activity with sedentary activities. Therefore, effective interventions would help to improve the life balance of these young people. Implications. A project to adapt and test the Lifestyle Redesign approach for young people would address this need. This project could include young people aged 10 to 12, their parents, and key partners. Drawing on other evidence-based practices related to commitment and screen time reduction would be beneficial to the intervention, which should also target, among other things, developing young people's repertoire of interests.

Research advances in chikungunya virus: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control.

Immune-epithelial dual-targeting bilirubin nanoparticles for acute lung injury.

TGF-β1 modulates PFC glial cell activation to facilitate exercise-induced analgesia in mice with spared nerve injury.

Dietary modification is a crucial component of chronic kidney disease (CKD) management, but the complexity of renal diets leads to significant adherence challenges. Understanding the patient's perspective is vital for developing effective, patient-centred interventions that improve adherence and health outcomes. This scoping review aimed to map the available evidence on the reported preferences of patients with CKD regarding nutrition-related health outcomes, and to identify the perceived barriers and facilitators that hinder or support the achievement of these outcomes. Studies were included if they involved adult patients with CKD and explored their perspectives on nutrition-related outcomes, barriers, or facilitators to dietary management. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods studies published in English were eligible. A systematic search was conducted in June 2025 across four electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews), supplemented by hand-searching reference lists of included articles. Data were extracted independently using a custom data extraction tool. The identified barriers and facilitators were thematically mapped and categorised according to the World Health Organization Multidimensional Adherence Model (WHO-MAM). Four studies met the inclusion criteria. A primary finding was the lack of evidence directly addressing patients' preferred nutrition-related health outcomes. However, preferences could be inferred; patients value reassurance, emotional support, and receiving practical, individualised, and culturally relevant advice. Perceived barriers included: (A) unhelpful, paternalistic communication from healthcare teams; (B) patient factors like feeling overwhelmed and confused; (C) socioeconomic factors such as conflicting cultural norms and social pressures; and (D) therapy-related factors like generic, non-culturally specific advice. Key facilitators included: (A) helpful, empathetic, and collaborative communication styles; (B) patient factors like self-monitoring and psychosocial support; (C) socioeconomic factors such as leveraging cultural health beliefs; and (D) therapy-related factors like health literacy-sensitive materials and dietitian support. There is a significant gap in the literature regarding the nutrition-related health outcomes that CKD patients prioritise. The findings highlight that the patient-healthcare provider relationship is a pivotal factor influencing adherence. Clinical practice should shift towards a more patient-centred, collaborative, and culturally sensitive model of care. Future research should use qualitative methods to directly investigate patient preferences to inform the co-design of effective dietary interventions.

Helping teens quit: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of smoking cessation interventions.

The mediating role of obesity in the relationship between sleep duration and depressive symptoms: A population-based cross-sectional study.

A Rhodiola-derived acidic glycopeptide maintains sleep homeostasis by regulating brain lipid metabolism in Drosophila.

BackgroundRecurrent lower extremity venous insufficiency remains a therapeutic challenge despite advances in surgical and endovenous techniques. Emerging evidence suggests that reflux within the inguinal lymph node venous network (LNVN) may contribute significantly to recurrence. This study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of ultrasound-guided lymph node sclerotherapy as a novel treatment targeting LNVN reflux.MethodsThis prospective observational study included 75 patients with prior treatment for varicose veins who presented with symptomatic recurrence between 2022 and 2024. All patients underwent color Doppler ultrasonography and dynamic lymph node venography to detect LNVN reflux. Eligible patients received ultrasound-guided injections of 0.5% sclerosant into affected lymph nodes. Clinical outcomes were assessed using CEAP classification and duplex ultrasound at 1-year follow-up. Statistical analyses were performed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and chi-square tests.ResultsOf the 75 patients (mean age: 47.4 ± 9.4years), 80% (n = 60) showed significant clinical improvement. Among patients classified as C3, 90% reported edema resolution. Improvement rates in C4-C6 patients ranged from 70% to 72.2%. Duplex ultrasound demonstrated complete reflux resolution in 64% and partial improvement in 20%. The reduction in reflux was statistically significant (p < .001). No major complications were reported; minor injection-site inflammation occurred in 8% of cases.ConclusionLymph node sclerotherapy appears to be a safe and effective outpatient intervention for recurrent venous insufficiency associated with LNVN dysfunction. By directly addressing a previously under-recognized source of reflux, this technique offers a minimally invasive and targeted alternative to conventional reinterventions. Further multicenter trials are warranted to confirm long-term outcomes and validate its role in standard venous treatment algorithms.

Silicosis amelioration by chaetocin: a novel therapeutic strategy targeting the HIF1α-mediated PI3K/AKT/MMP9 pathway.

Vascular aging: A central driver of multimorbidity.

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) is a critical clinical condition with high morbidity and mortality, necessitating effective therapeutic interventions. This study retrospectively investigated the efficacy of tranexamic acid combined with octreotide (OCT) in patients with high risk of AUGIB. A total of 183 patients with UGIB were initially enrolled, and 170 eligible patients were finally included and divided into an OCT group (n=83) and a TXA + OCT group (n=87). The main indicators compared were: drug onset time, hemostasis time, upper gastrointestinal bleeding volume, blood routine, coagulation function and clinical effective rate; secondary indicators: clinical efficacy, visual analogue scale (VAS) and adverse reactions. After treatment, the onset time, hemostasis time, bleeding volume, coagulation function indexes (PT, TT, APTT and Fib) and VAS in TXA group and OCT group were significantly lower than those in OCT group. The clinical effective rate and hemoglobin, red blood cell and platelet count in TXA group and OCT group were significantly higher than those in OCT group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the average blood transfusion volume, hospitalization time, rebleeding rate within 3 days, surgical intervention needs and mortality between the two groups (P>0.05), but the combined group had a slight advantage. In addition, combination therapy did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions. These findings provide valuable clinical evidence supporting the use of tranexamic acid in combination with octreotide for AUGIB.