Effects Of Prostaglandin F2 Research Articles

Effect of prostaglandin F2<sub>α</sub> administration on uterine polymorphonuclear neutrophil counts in Japanese heavy draft horses

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of prostaglandin F2α (dinoprost) and oxytocin administration on uterine polymorphonuclear neutrophil counts in the Japanese heavy draft mare. To compare polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) counts in the endometrium, a total of 162 samples were collected from 54 estruses of 47 mares (before ovulation, day 0, and day 2) using a double-guarded cytology brush. Dinoprost (PG; 5 mg) was administered intramuscularly (i.m.) only once, on day 0, whereas oxytocin (OT; 20 U i.m.) was administered three times at 12-hr intervals starting on day 0. The plasma progesterone concentrations from days 0 to 14 were not different between the non-treatment (CON), PG treatment, and OT treatment groups. The PMN counts increased in all the groups from before administration to day 0 (CON, 0.90 to 3.55; PG, 1.20 to 8.45; and OT, 0.70 to 1.70; P=0.0014, 0.0046, and 0.0073, respectively). There was a significant decrease in PMNs from day 0 to day 2 only in the PG group (P=0.0073). The pregnancy rate was not different among the CON (12/18), PG (14/18), and OT (10/18) groups. The results of this study indicate that dinoprost can reduce uterine polymorphonuclear neutrophil counts.

Effect of Prostaglandins F2 on the Evaluation of Vaginal Epithelial Cells of Iraqi Ewes during Puerperium

This study was carried on 24 adult multipara Iraqi ewes in experimentalfarm related to College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad during2005. This study revealed the effect of prostaglandin F2 during puerperiumperiod through the evaluation of vaginal epithelial cells by using vaginal smearmethods. Intramuscular injection of 1 ml prostaglandin F2 (Iliren®) (tiaprosttrometamol=0.196mg) was done in the 4th days after parturition to 12 ewes. Thevaginal smears were taken in the 4th, 16th and 28th days. Histologicalexamination revealed that the intermediate epithelial cells were a predominant.Keratinized cells were takes place in all epithelial cells. Vacuolations werepresent in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, meanwhile presence of WBCs in the16th and 28th days were obvious. This indicates the benefit usage ofprostaglandin F2 during puerperium period to accelerate ovarian rebound

143 PRESENCE OF PROSTAGLANDIN F2α RECEPTOR IN IN VITRO-DERIVED MORULA AND BLASTOCYST STAGE BOVINE EMBRYOS

Culture of in vitro and in vivo-derived embryos in medium containing prostaglandin F2� (PGF) decreased embryonic development to blastocyst stage and reduced hatching rates (Scenna et al. Prostaglandins 73, 215-226). Moreover, administration of an inhibitor of PGF synthesis at the time of embryo transfer in bovine recipients improved pregnancy rates (Schrick et al. 2001 Theriogenology 59, 335 abstr.). These findings indicate a direct negative effect of PGF on embryonic development. However, to our knowledge, no evidence of PGF receptor expression in morula or blastocyst stage bovine embryos is available in the literature. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to determine the presence of PGF receptor mRNA using real-time RT-PCR and protein expression by Western blotting in morula or blastocyst stage in vitro bovine embryos. Briefly, isolated total RNA from compact morula or blastocyst stage embryos and from bovine tongue epithelium (positive control for PGF receptor mRNA) were reverse-transcribed into cDNA. A volume from the RT reaction equivalent to 10 embryos per tube was utilized to determine transcripts for PGF receptor and Histone H2A (standard PCR control). Polymerase chain reaction was performed, and identity of PCR fragments was confirmed by ethidium-bromide-stained 2% agarose gel electrophoresis and by DNA sequencing. To determine protein expression, morula and blastocyst stage embryos were lysed in lysis buffer (10% SDS, 1 m Tris pH 7.5, 1 m NaF, 1 m DTT, 0.1 m EGTA with protease inhibitors) and stored at -20�C. Crude proteins isolated from bovine corpora lutea (positive control for PGF receptor protein), embryo samples, and prestained standards were separated by 12% SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. Proteins were electrotransferred onto a PVDF membrane. Nonspecific binding sites in the PVDF membrane were blocked with 10% nonfat dry milk, and the blot was washed and incubated for 1 h at room temperature with a 1:1000 dilution of the primary antibody (rabbit polyclonal antibody against PGF receptor protein). Subsequently, the blot was washed and incubated for 1 h at room temperature with 1:1000 dilution of mouse anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. Finally, the blot was washed and revealed by chemiluminescence in a CCD camera. Results indicated that transcripts as well as the protein for PGF receptor were present in early stage bovine embryos. Identification of PGF receptor in morula and blastocyst stage bovine embryos may, in part, explain the increase in pregnancy rates after administration of a PGF synthesis inhibitor at the time of embryo transfer, which opens up the possibility to develop new strategies to prevent detrimental effects of PGF during early embryonic development.

Effect of prostaglandin F2 α ( PGF2 α) on sources of progesterone and pregnancy in intact, ovariectomized and hysterectomized 90–100 day pregnant ewes

A single dose of 8 or 16 mg of PGF 2 α per 58 kg body weight was injected intramuscular into intact, ovariectomized or hysterectomized 90–100 day pregnant sheep in three separate experiments. Both doses of PGF 2 α decreased the weights of the corpora lutea ( P≤0.05) and the concentration of progesterone in ovarian venous plasma at 72 hr ( P≤0.05) compared to the 0 hr sample within treatment groups and to control ewes at 72 hr in intact and hysterectomized pregnant ewes. In hysterectomized pregnant ewes, progesterone in jugular plasma declined ( P≤0.05) from 0 to 72 hr but never fell below 4 mg/ml and this decrease in progesterone after 8 or 16 mg PGF 2 α was greater than in control hysterectomized ewes ( P≤0.05). There was a significant decrease in progesterone over time in jugular or uterine venous plasma in the presence of absence of the ovaries in 90–100 day pregnant ewes ( P≤0.05) but the profiles of progesterone were not different between vehicle and PGF 2 α -treated ewes ( P≥0.05). Uterine venous progesterone never declined below 30 ng/ml in the presence or absence of the ovaries and there was a significant quadratic increase ( P≤0.05) in uterine venous progesterone toward the end of the 72 hr sampling period indicating an increase in steroidogenic activity of the placenta. PGF 2 α did not affect the number of abortions in intact or ovariectomized pregnant ewes ( P>0.05). Thus, the corpus luteum of sheep at 90–100 days of pregnancy is functional and responsive to PGF 2 α , placentomes are functional but do not appear to be responsive to the doses of PGF 2 α tested and PGF 2 α was not an abortifacient over the 72 hr treatment period.

Effects of Prostaglandin F2 on the Mobilization of Cytosolic Free Calcium in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and on the Tension of Aortic Strips from Rats

The possible mechanism of action of prostaglandin F2 alpha on vascular smooth muscle was investigated. Prostaglandin F2 alpha induced sustained tonic vasoconstriction of rat aortic strips, accompanied by rapid increase in the cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration [( Ca2+]i) in the vascular smooth muscle cells. Prostaglandin F2 alpha also evoked rapid increase in production of inositol 1,4,5,-trisphosphate (Ins-P3). Moreover, it increased release of Ca2+ from nonmitochondrial pools in digitonin-permeabilized vascular smooth muscle cells, although this effect was much weaker than that of Ins-P3. These results suggest that the sustained action of prostaglandin F2 alpha may involve not only a rise in [Ca2+]i mediated by Ins-P3, but also a direct stimulation of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.

Gluconeogenetic effect of prostaglandin F2? under normal conditions and in myocardial infarction

Clear differences in properties of platelet guanylate cyclase from healthy donors and patients with diabetes mellitus were identified; departure from the norm was more pronounced in the case of the II-type of this disease, than the I-type. We have registered the decrease in the Mg-activity (basal) of guanylate cyclase by 30 and 50 per cent, Mn-activity--by 20 and 30 per cent, the state of guanylate cyclase activation by 0.1 mM sodium nitroprusside to 2 and 3-fold in patients with I and II-type of diabetes mellitus, consequently. The possible causative factors of these disturbances are discussed. It is suggested that the decrease in guanylate cyclase activation by nitroprusside is due to the enzyme heme-deficiency rising with the diabetes mellitus.

Action of noradrenalin-induced activation of adrenergic structures on hemodynamic effects of prostaglandin F2?

Action of noradrenalin-induced activation of adrenergic structures on hemodynamic effects of prostaglandin F2?

Effect of prostaglandin F2? on microvessels in a transparent chamber implanted in the rabbit ear

Effect of prostaglandin F2? on microvessels in a transparent chamber implanted in the rabbit ear

Effect of prostaglandin F2? on function of the tissue component of the albino rat blood clotting and fibrinolysis system when protein metabolism is disturbed

Effect of prostaglandin F2? on function of the tissue component of the albino rat blood clotting and fibrinolysis system when protein metabolism is disturbed

The effect of prostaglandin F2∝ on third stage labor

The effects of intramyometrially injected PGF2∝ intravenous Ergometrin and no treatment were compared during 3rd stage labor in 140 patients. In comparison with Ergometrin or no treatment, PGF2∝ significantly reduced the duration of 3rd stage labor, blood loss, incidence of subinvolution and subfebrility.

The effects of prostaglandin F2alpha on the fine structure of the corpus luteum of the pregnant hamster.

Corpora lutea (C.L.) from normal and prostaglandin-treated pregnant hamsters were examined by light and electron microscopy. Luteal cells from pregnant control animals were hypertrophied and contained an abundance of agranular endoplasmic reticulum (AER) suggesting steroidogenic activity. Animals which were injected on day 4 of pregnancy had ovulated by the third day following the injection, hence, two generations of corpora lutea were present in the ovary. Luteal cells from the "old" C.L. of pregnancy underwent a progressive degeneration during the four days following the single prostaglandin injection, whereas, cells from "new" C.L. appeared viable in most respects. The presence of aggregated platelets in both "old" and "new" C.L. was noted. It is suggested that the "new" C.L. are responsible for the rebound of plasma progesterone reported in previous investigations three days following prostaglandin treatment in pregnant hamsters.

Effect of prostaglandin F2? on sea urchin embryos at different stages of development and on their sensitivity to neuropharmacological agents

Effect of prostaglandin F2? on sea urchin embryos at different stages of development and on their sensitivity to neuropharmacological agents

The effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha on ovarian and plasma progesterone levels in the pregnant hamster.

The effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) on peripheral plasma and ovarian progesterone concentrations has been studied in pregnant hamsters. PGF2α administered subcutaneously at a dose of 0.1 mg/day on days 5 through 7 post-coitus lowered both plasma and ovarian progesterone levels and terminated pregnancy in all animals. Ovaries from PGF2α-treated hamsters showed histological evidence of luteal disorganization on days 6 and 7 post-coitus. A 10-fold increase in the dose of PGF2α (1 mg/day) caused an indication of luteal breakdown within 5 hr of the initial treatment. Ovarian weights, plasma progesterone levels, and luteal morphology of females after treatment and pregnancy termination were similar to those of untreated cycling females. Exogenous progesterone maintained pregnancy in PGF2α-treated females.