Effects Of Peer Pressure Research Articles

Does peer conformity have moderating effects on university students’ consumptive behavior? A focus on self-concept, economic literacy, and e-money adoption

The study explores the moderating role of peer conformity on the relationship between self-concept, economic literacy, and e-money adoption with the consumptive behavior of university students, specifically those receiving the KIP Kuliah scholarship in Indonesia. Data were collected through an online survey of 328 students and analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicated that the relationship between self-concept and consumptive behavior, as well as e-money adoption and consumptive behavior, was significantly strengthened by peer conformity. However, the effect of economic literacy on consumptive behavior was not moderated by peer conformity. These findings suggest that while self-concept and e-money adoption are influenced by peer conformity, economic literacy operates independently of peer conformity. The importance of fostering economic literacy and a critical self-concept among students to mitigate the effects of peer pressure on consumption was highlighted in this research. The findings reveal that peer conformity strengthens the effect of self-concept and e-money adoption on consumptive behavior, but does not moderate the impact of economic literacy. The research highlights the need for fostering economic literacy and critical self-concept to reduce the influence of peer conformity on student consumption decisions. Further research should expand the scope beyond KIP Kuliah students to include a broader student population.

The Influence of Peer Pressure on Students: Cause, Effect, and Strategies for Intervention

Peer pressure is a powerful social influence that affects students' behavior, attitudes, and academic performance. This research paper explores the causes and effects of peer pressure among students, with a particular focus on its implications in the educational context. Drawing on established psychological theories such as Social Learning Theory and Social Identity Theory, the paper reviews existing literature on the topic and identifies key factors contributing to peer pressure, including the desire for acceptance, social media influence, and the role of school culture. The negative effects of peer pressure, such as academic underperformance, emotional stress, and risky behaviors, are discussed, alongside the less commonly acknowledged positive effects, such as improved motivation in some cases. Furthermore, the paper presents strategies for educators to mitigate the harmful impacts of peer pressure, including fostering open communication, building student self-esteem, and creating a supportive school environment. By examining both the causes and solutions, the study aims to provide educators with actionable insights to address peer pressure in schools and promote a healthier, more inclusive learning atmosphere.

From Social Isolation to Social Integration in Disadvantaged Children: Kocaeli Governorship ÖNEM Project, Kocaeli, Türkiye

Objective: Addressing the needs of disadvantaged or vulnerable children and young people is of vital importance in today's society. Comprehensive efforts within both educational institutions and the wider society are essential to provide support and opportunities to these vulnerable groups. The aim of this article is to present the model of the Kocaeli ONEM project, which aims to increase the social integration of disadvantaged children. Methods: Children from broken families, children from families with members in prison, refugee children and children with health problems were included in the study. The study was carried out in 3 different periods. Nineteen activities were planned to improve the social integration of the children. Questionnaires were sent to children, teachers and their families for feedback. Results: A total of 14682 activities were organised, consisting of 19 different categories. A total of 65.695 children participated in the activities. Totally, 15860 supporters were involved in the project. Satisfaction rates obtained through feedback surveys for the last two study periods were 84% for students, 81% and 82% for teachers, 75% and 81% for parents. Conclusion: The activities carried out in the ONEM project served to improve children's problem-solving skills and quality of life. Thanks to these activities, children were able to cope better with the stress caused by biological and social changes, the effects of peer pressure were reduced and their desire to be part of a group was positively addressed.

Exploring the Relationship Between Peer Pressure and Frustration in Adults

Peer pressure can be defined as the social influence that peers exert on an individual, compelling them to adopt certain behaviours, attitudes, or values to fit in or gain acceptance within a group. The influence can take many different forms, like pushing conformity, influencing the adoption of beliefs or ways of behaving, or persuading someone to do things they might not have otherwise chosen to do. This paper examines the complex interactions that individuals encounter in a range of social circumstances between peer pressure and frustration. A substantial positive association between frustration and perceived peer pressure was found through quantitative research. The findings suggest that there is a strong moderate correlation between peer pressure and frustration (r=0.348, p<0.001), indicating a significant relationship between the two variables. Additionally, research findings revealed the many ways in which peer pressure fuels frustration, such as perceived expectations, fear of rejection, and social comparison. To address the detrimental effects of peer pressure on individual well-being, specific interventions are required, as the study highlights the widespread influence of peers on adult behaviour and emotional experiences.

From the pitch to personal growth: Investigating self-esteem as a mediator and parental support as a moderator in youth sports in China

This study focuses on the intricate connections among youth sports, personal development, and skill acquisition in contemporary China. Building upon established theoretical frameworks, the study aims to unravel the intricate interplay among various variables. Employing a robust methodology that accounts for mediation and moderation effects and with a sample of 808 individuals representing diverse demographics, the findings shed light on the significant influence of family structure, particularly the prevalence of extended family arrangements, on an individual's character development. Furthermore, the study underscores the pivotal role of personal characteristics, particularly self-esteem, in shaping admirable traits. The research identifies several contributing factors to positive character development, including active participation in sports, parental support, accessibility to sports facilities, positive peer influence, and high self-esteem. Parents play a crucial role in mitigating the adverse effects of peer pressure by offering positive reinforcement and serving as role models. These findings hold important implications for youth development programs, emphasizing the vital role of parents in guiding character development, particularly in the context of peer pressure.

Does Peer Matters? How Peer Influence Firm Payout Policies: Evidence from Pakistan

Payout decisions are receiving more interest from an investor’s point of view. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of peer payout policies on a firm payout policy in Pakistan. This study employs an instrumental variable technique to overcome the endogeneity issue, which is based on peers' idiosyncratic equity shocks. The peers' payout policies have a causal link with a firm payout policy. The effect of peer pressure on firm payout is more evident in companies that compete in a more competitive market and have a good information environment. The firms that are similar in size or resource, especially young and small firms, are more responsive to their industry peers. This study provides channels for managers or policymakers to become more optimistic about formulating the payout policy to attract investors' attention and to compete more fiercely in the market.

Peer Pressure and Risk-Taking Behaviors Among Adolescent Girls in a Region Impacted by HIV/AIDS in Southwestern Uganda

PurposeThis paper uses data from a 3-arm Cluster Randomized Control Trial, Suubi4Her (N = 1260; 14–17-year-old school-going girls) to (1) assess the relationship between peer pressure and adolescent risk-taking behaviors; and (2) test the mediating effect of peer pressure on an intervention on adolescent risk-taking behaviors. MethodsStudents in the southwestern region of Uganda were assigned to three study arms: control (n = 16 schools, n = 408 students) receiving usual care comprising of sexual and reproductive health curriculum; and two active treatment arms: Treatment 1 (n = 16 schools, n = 471 students) received everything the control arm received plus a savings led intervention. Treatment 2 (n = 15 schools, n = 381 students) received everything the control and treatment arms received plus a family strengthening intervention. We used multilevel models to assess the relationship between peer pressure and risk-taking behaviors. We ran structural equation models for mediation analysis. ResultsUsing baseline data, we found that direct peer pressure was significantly associated with substance use risk behaviors, (β = 0.044, 95% CI = 0.008, 0.079). We also found a statistically significant effect of the intervention on acquiring STIs through the mediating effect of sexual risk-taking significant (β = −0.025, 95% CI: −0.049, −0.001, p = .045) and total indirect (β = −0.042, 95% CI: −0.081, −0.002, p = .037) effects. Also, there was a significant mediation effect of the intervention on substance use through peer pressure (β = −0.030, 95% CI: −0.057, −0.002, p = .033). DiscussionOverall, the study points to the role of peer pressure on adolescent girls' risk-taking behaviors; and a need to address peer pressure at an early stage.

Peer pressure and self-statement mechanism to mitigate management behavior in budgetary slack: An experimental approach

This study evaluates the susceptibility of management (especially management accountants) in creating budgetary slack by violating company policies. Reducing the creation of budgetary slack was evaluated by the relationship of the effects of peer pressure and perceived self-statement mechanisms within the scope of each social ethical dimension. Experimental results with 133 management accountants show that social and ethical friction can reduce the creation of budgetary slack by emphasizing peer pressure and self-assessment mechanisms. All experimental subjects could not violate company policy and it was proven by decreasing budgetary slack when faced with conditions without peer pressure and without a self-assessment mechanism. This finding provides evidence that budgetary slack is created when management is fully involved in setting the company's budget without any control from colleagues or leaders. The importance of social ethics in budgeting is raised by collegiate decisions in the team and creates a self-assessment mechanism for managers. Thus, resistance to creating budgetary slack can be increased and managers are held accountable for making budgetary decisions.

Peer Pressure, Information Technology Adoption, and Bank Performance

Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: The study examines cross-sectional dependence among banks to invest in information technology-related assets. We also analyse the short- and long-term impacts of information technology (IT) adoption on banks’ profitability and the variations in effects between early and late adopters. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study uses autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) with dynamic fixed approach, standard fixed-effect ordinary least square and random effect model with double clustering regressions. Research findings: The study finds a positive effect of peer pressure on a bank’s investment in IT assets. It also documents that IT adoption reduces short-term profitability, but the joint effect of early adoption increases both short- and long-term profitability. Theoretical contribution/Originality: The study contributes to the banking and technology adoption literature by showing the evidence on a positive and significant effect of peer pressure on IT adoption. Practitioner/Policy implications: The findings are significant for the banking sector’s policy makers in emerging economies. Research limitation: The findings may not be applicable in the context of a developed economy with a strong IT infrastructure.

Pattern of Substance Use and Suicide Probability in Poly-Drug Users

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of suicidal thoughts and suicidal probability among sample of patients with poly-substance use disorder, and to examine the relation between pattern of drug use and suicidal thoughts. Study design: cross sectional case control study. Place and duration of study: Inpatient words of psychiatric and surgery departments of Tanta General, and University hospitals, Egypt, from May 2015 to June 2019. Methodology: Participants were 220 subjects, aged 18-45 years. We reviewed 110 individuals who fulfilled the DSM-5 criteria of substance use disorder for three or more substances, and their data were compared with that collected from 110 control persons. Results: Suicidal cases are highly present among patients with poly-substance use disorder 25.45%. Most of suicidal cases started using illicit substances under effect of peer pressure. Tramadol and cannabis dominated the list of used substances (94.55%), (62.73%) respectively. A statistically significant association with suicidality was found with longer duration of substance use (p<0.001), using cannabis (p=0.014), alcohol (p<0.001) and volatile (p=0.02), using substances while alone (p<0.05), and positive history of accidental overdose (p<0.05). Suicidal cases showed significant higher scores (P <0.0001) of suicide probability scale and subscales. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that abusing certain substances for long duration while being alone, in addition to history of overdose may trigger suicidal thoughts in patients with poly-substance use disorder, and that suicide probability is common consequences of poly-substance abuse.

Peer pressure and adolescent mobile social media addiction: Moderation analysis of self-esteem and self-concept clarity.

Social media addiction has increasingly been a critical social problem. We explored the association between peer pressure on mobile phone use and adolescent mobile social media addiction and tested whether self-esteem and self-concept clarity could buffer the effect of peer pressure. 830 adolescents (M age = 14.480, SDage = 1.789) participated in our anonymous cross-sectional questionnaire study. The results showed that peer pressure significantly predicted adolescent mobile social media addiction. Self-esteem moderated the effect of peer pressure on mobile social media addiction in that peer pressure had a weaker effect for adolescents with higher self-esteem. Self-concept clarity moderated the effect of peer pressure on mobile social media addiction in that peer pressure had a weaker effect for adolescents with higher self-esteem. The two moderators also interact in that the moderation of self-esteem was stronger for adolescents with higher self-concept clarity and the moderation of self-concept clarity for adolescents with higher self-esteem. The results highlight the critical role of self-esteem and self-concept clarity in buffering the impact of peer pressure on mobile social media addiction. The findings promote a better understanding of how to buffer the undesirable effect of peer pressure and reduce the risk of mobile social media addiction among adolescents.

Understanding the role of peer pressure on engineering students' learning behavior: A TPB perspective.

With the advent of the digital age, the gradually increasing demands of the engineering job market make it inevitable that engineering students face the pressures that arise from academic life with their peers. To address this issue, this study aims to explore the influence of engineering students' peer pressure on learning behavior based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). In addition to attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral controls inherent in TPB, two new dimensions-gender difference and peer academic ability-were incorporated to construct a framework of the dimensions of peer pressure as affecting engineering students as well as an expanded model of TPB. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 160 college engineering students and a structural equation model (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses. The result showed that positive peer pressure can increase engineering students' learning intention and thus promote learning behavior. It was also determined that the TPB model can effectively explain the effect of peer pressure on learning behavior, in addition to expanding and reshaping the relationship between the attitudinal dimension in the TPB model. From the results, it is clear that positive attitudes toward learning can trigger positive peer pressure. Good group norms can induce peer pressure through rewards and punishments as a way to motivate students' learning intention and learning behaviors. When peer pressure is perceived, students mobilize positive emotions toward learning. Meanwhile, both male and female engineering students are also significantly motivated by high peer achievement, and high-performing female students motivate their male peers, which leads to higher graduation rates.

Understanding peer pressure on joint consumption decisions: the role of social capital during emerging adulthood

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of peer pressure on joint consumption decisions among emerging adults. Building on prospect theory and characteristics of emerging adulthood, the authors propose that influence from peers (i.e. informational and normative influence) serves as a channel to understand how peer pressure shapes joint consumer behaviors at different levels of social capital.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey is distributed to the emerging adults, aged 18 to 25, in the south, west, east and middle of the USA. Construct validity and reliability are tested by using confirmatory factor analysis. Structural equation modeling is used to test the mediating and moderating effects.FindingsThe results show that social capital moderates the relationship between peer pressure and group-oriented consumer decisions, such that the relationship is positive in groups with high-level social capital but negative in groups with low-level social capital. Furthermore, such effects tend to be achieved via peer influence. And peer influence is stronger in groups with high-level social capital than those with low-level social capital.Originality/valueThe current literature has shown contradictory results: it is usually believed that emerging adults may conform to pressure and engage in group-oriented decisions; however, some research has reported the opposite result. To better understand this relationship, the authors aim at a group-level factor – perceived social capital – as a boundary condition. This research contributes to the young consumer decision-making literature by involving the interplay among peer pressure, perceived social capital and peer informational and normative influence.

PEER PRESSURE AND GENDER DETERMINE STRESS AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Adolescence is a stage of development and multiple changes as well as personal and social changes are experienced in all aspects of individual’s life. The purpose of this research paper was to study the effect of peer pressure on stress of adolescents. For this purpose 120 subjects were selected from Meerut and Modinagar Distt (U.P). There were two groups according the level of peer pressure i.e. high peer pressure and low peer pressure. In each group there were 60 subjects, further each group was again consisted of two groups of gender there were 30 male and 30 female. Peer pressure was measured with the help of peer pressure scale constructed by Singh and Saini (2010) and stress was measured by student stress scale constructed by Akhtar (2011). A 2×2 factorial design was used in the study. On the basis of obtained results it was found that peer pressure have significant effect on stress of adolescents whereas gender has no significant effect on stress of adolescents. The interaction between peer pressure and gender was also found significant.

A Correlation Study of Career Preference and Peer Pressure of Students at High School Level

The adolescence stage is the turning point in the life of a student as their career depends on the subjects they select for further studies. During this stage, the adolescent setup their career goals and focus on it and they make future educational plans in the field of education. Life of 21st century is full of struggles and an individual has to face many challenges. They need to take right decisions in the field of technology, science and materialistic life. It is believed that education enables the individual to earn his living. Career aspiration plays an important role in career preference. A career decision of a person affects social, mental and economic status of his/her life. It is also necessary for development of skilled manpower for society and country. Career decision is a part of overall personality development of child. Some studies show that career choice depends on family background, peer effect, interest, values, attitude and aptitude of a child. So, it is important to know how these factors affect the career decision of a child in overall development. This study was proposed to know the relation between career preference and peer pressure of 600 girl students of higher secondary school of Bilaspur, Ambikapur, Jashpur, Janjgir and Korba districts, using standardized tool Career preference scale constructed by Dr Vivek Bhargava and Rajshree Bhargava and Peer Pressure Scale developed by researcher. This study revealed that urban and rural girls significantly differ in career preference. A positive effect of peer pressure is found on career preference of girl students.

Observability and peer effects: Theory and evidence from a field experiment

This paper designs a field experiment in a real job environment, which incorporates differential observability in a job with multiple tasks (quality and quantity) to study the effect of peer pressure on outputs. The treatment group was informed of each individual's output quality information, whereas the control group only knew the group mean. The treatment group produced better output quality but lower output quantity, implying that workers adjusted their efforts between tasks. After switching off the treatment, results from the follow-up experiment show that the output quality produced by the treatment group rolled back to the baseline low level, whereas their output quantity continued to decrease. These results suggest that peer pressure, as a tool for promoting workers' productivity, should be adopted with caution.

Peer pressure effect on student teachers’ affective relationship with problem posing

Peer pressure effect on student teachers’ affective relationship with problem posing

Teacher–student relationship and adolescents’ bullying perpetration: A moderated mediation model of deviant peer affiliation and peer pressure

Although teacher–student relationship has been shown to be associated with bullying perpetration, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship. The present study investigated (a) the mediating effect of deviant peer affiliation in the relationship between teacher–student relationship and bullying perpetration and (b) the moderating effect of peer pressure in the relationship between deviant peer affiliation and bullying perpetration. Our theoretical model was examined with 2407 Chinese adolescents. Participants completed questionnaires regarding teacher–student relationship, bullying, deviant peer affiliation, and peer pressure. After controlling for gender and age, teacher–student relationship was significantly negatively associated with bullying perpetration. Mediation analysis indicated that deviant peer affiliation partially mediated the relation between teacher–student relationship and bullying perpetration. Moderated mediation analysis further revealed that the relationship between deviant peer affiliation and bullying perpetration was moderated by peer pressure. Specifically, for adolescents with high peer pressure, the relationship between deviant peer affiliation and bullying perpetration became much stronger. These results can contribute to design effective interventions aimed at preventing and reducing adolescents’ bullying perpetration.

Relationship between Peer Pressure and Initiation of Smoking and Alcoholism among the College-Going Students of Kolkata

Introduction: Substance abuse is now steadily increasing in the adolescent age group across the globe. Pressure to blend in with substance-using peers is an important predictor of substance abuse among adolescents. Smoking and alcohol intake are the two most common forms of substance abuse. Hence, this study tried to explore the effect of peer pressure on both substance users and nonusers and tried to find the adjusted effect of that pressure on substance abuse focused on smoking and alcohol intake. Materials and Methods: A case–control study was conducted on college-going students from various colleges and institutions in Kolkata during September and October 2021. The sample size for this case–control study was calculated taking confidence level at 99% and power 90%. Case and control ratio was taken as 1:1. Age-based matching was ensured. Further matching among the cases and controls was done based on gender. Data were collected by investigators using a pretested self-administered questionnaire that particularly focused on peer pressure along with some demographic factors. The questionnaire was distributed via electronic media and was circulated on various social platforms. A modified Peer Pressure Inventory containing 8 factors was created to evaluate the effect of peer pressure, and the Likert scale was used to score the responses of the participants. The odds ratio for the effect of peer pressure on smoking and drinking was calculated with a 99% confidence interval separately. Risk calculation was performed by multiple logistic regression to describe predictability and adjusted odds ratio of peer pressure on initiation of substance abuse. Results: The odds of the effect of peer pressure on initiation of drinking are 24.008 times higher. We also found that 53.62% of the cases have been drinking alcohol for at least 12 months. The odds of peer influence on initiating smoking tobacco were calculated to be 31.320. We found that 84.38% of the smokers had been subjected to significant peer pressure while 85.29% of the control subjects had not been subjected to significant peer pressure. Conclusion: Odds of peer pressure on smoking and alcohol initiation is quite high. Staying alone for more time has a protective effect on initiation of substance abuse.

Keeping Up With the Joneses: Peer Pressure Effects in Voluntary Disclosure Choices

Keeping Up With the Joneses: Peer Pressure Effects in Voluntary Disclosure Choices