Effect Of Oral Supplementation Research Articles

D-ribose-l-cysteine supplementation enhances wound healing in a rodent model

BackgroundWound healing and chronic wounds are serious public health issues. While wounds heal, cellular stores of antioxidants are depleted. d-ribose-l-cysteine (DRLC) is a precursor to the antioxidant glutathione. The effect of oral supplementation with DRLC on wound healing was studied in rats. MethodsA rodent model of calibrated wounding was used. Group A rats were given DLRC for 1 week before wounding and for 3, 7, or 14 days after wounding. Group B rats were given DRLC only after wounding. Control animals were given no supplement. Photographic comparisons were made to study wound edema and inflammation. Wound strength was determined by using a laser-vacuum device. ResultsDuring healing, both Group A and B animals showed less edema and inflammation than Control. Group A animals had the weakest wounds at 3 days after surgery, but the strongest wounds after 14 days. Group B animals had similar wound strength to Control animals at 7 days, but stronger wounds after 14 days. ConclusionsDRLC supplementation appears to reduce wound inflammation early after wounding and enhance wound strength by 14 days. This suggests that increased intracellular glutathione levels may improve and enhance wound healing.

Effect of Oral Supplementation of Putrescine and L-glutamine on the Histomorphology of Small Intestine and Growth Performance in Broiler Chickens

A work was conducted to study the effect of putrescine and L-glutamine supplementation on histomorphology of small intestine in broiler chickens. Five groups of ten chicks each in three replicates reared up to 42 days were used for this study. Putrescine and L-glutamine were orally supplemented at 0% level as control (T1), putrescine 0.05% (T2), putrescine 0.1% (T3), L-glutamine 0.5% (T4) and L-glutamine 1% (T5) from 0 day to 7 days after hatch. At 2nd and 3rd week of age, 3 birds from each groupwere slaughtered and tissue samples from small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were collected for histomorphological studies. Statistically significant (p<0.01) increase in duodenal and jejunal villi length, width,crypt length and ileal villi length and width were observed in L-glutamine fed groups than putrescine and control groups. There was no significant difference in duodenal crypt length/width, jejunal crypt width and ileal crypt length/width. It can be inferred that L-glutamine promoted the intestinal villi development during early posthatch life, thus increasing the nutrients absorption and growth performance as body weight gain in broiler chickens.

Effects of Oral Supplementation With Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Nutritional State and Inflammatory Markers in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

The objective was to determine the effects of omega-3 supplementation on nutritional state and inflammatory markers of hemodialysis patients. This was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were included. Patients with malignancy, pregnancy, concurrent inflammatory or infectious diseases, or concomitant use of any medication affecting inflammation status were excluded. The omega-3 group received 6 soft-gel capsules of fish oil (180mg eicosapentaenoic acid and 120mg docosahexaenoic acid in each) daily for 4months, and the placebo group received corresponding paraffin oil capsules.Nutrition indices including body mass index; mid-arm muscle circumference; serum concentrations of albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin; and serum levels of inflammatory/anti-inflammatory markers including interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-reactive protein, ferritin, parathyroid hormone, and ratios of IL-10 to TNF-α and IL-10 to IL-6 were measured before and after 4months of intervention. Twenty patients in the placebo and 25 patients in the omega-3 group completed the study. There were no significant changes in nutritional markers between the omega-3 and placebo groups after 4months of intervention. Regression analysis adjusting post-treatment values of nutrition markers for baseline values, omega-3 treatment, and patients' baseline demographic and clinical data revealed that omega-3 treatment was a significant independent predictor of increased serum prealbumin level (182.53; 95% confidence interval 21.14, 511.18; P=.11). Although slight reduction of inflammatory state was observed in the omega-3 group, no significant differences were evident in the mean changes of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers between the 2 groups with the exception of serum ferritin level and the IL-10 to IL-6 ratio, which significantly changed in favor of omega-3 supplementation (P<.001 and P=.003, respectively). Omega-3 supplementation in hemodialysis patients produced a slight attenuation in systemic inflammation without any remarkable effects on nutritional markers.

Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Diabetic Retinopathy

Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Diabetic Retinopathy

The Effect of Oral Supplementation of Vitamin D3 on Serum Levels of Vitamin D: A Review

Due to the strong interest in the role of vitamin D in health, we tried to find data to illustrate the relationship between oral supplementation and change in serum levels of vitamin D. We reviewed the literature of randomized, placebo-controlled trials of oral supplementation and serum levels of vitamin D through 2014. We found 25 informative studies which showed a significant dose-response between oral supplementation and serum levels of vitamin D with an r2 of 0.61.These data are consistent with single studies and meta-analyses.In conclusion, the data show a consistent relationship that appears to be independent of multiple confounders.

Humoral and Cellular Immunity in Chromium Picolinate-Supplemented Lambs

The effects of oral supplementation of chromium picolinate (CrPic) on humoral and cellular immunity in sheep were investigated. Twenty-four male lambs divided into four treatments and received different dosages of CrPic: placebo (0), 0.250, 0.375, and 0.500 mg of chromium/animal/day during 84 days. The base ration was Panicum maximum cv Massai hay and concentrate. Blood samples were collected fortnightly for total and differential leukocyte counts. On days 28 and 56, the lambs were challenged with chicken ovalbumin I.M. Serum samples were collected on days 46 and 74 and subjected to an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure IgG anti-ovalbumin. The cell-mediated immune response was determined by a delay-type hypersensitivity test using phytohemagglutinin. CrPic did not significantly affect humoral immunity in lambs but there was a negative effect on cellular immunity (P < 0.05) as Cr supplementation increased. Therefore, the level of Cr supplementation for lambs must be better studied to address its effect on stressed animals or the possible toxic effects of Cr on the animal itself or its immune system.

The effect of oral supplementation with a combination of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine and glutamine on wound healing: a retrospective analysis of diabetic haemodialysis patients

BackgroundDiabetes is an important reason for end-stage renal failure and diabetic foot wounds worsen the life qualities of these patients. Protein and amino acid support accelerates the wound healing. The purpose of this retrospective study is to examine the effect of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine and glutamine (Abound®) supplementation on the wound healing.MethodsA total of 11 diabetic dialysis patients were included in this retrospective study aiming to evaluate the effect of the diet support with beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine and glutamine on wound healing in diabetic dialysis patients. Pre-treatment and post-treatment wound depth and wound appearance were scored in accordance with the “Bates-Jensen” wound assessment tool. The results of 4-week treatment with beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine and glutamine (Abound®) support were evaluated in terms of wound healing.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 66 (SD: 10, range: 51-81) and 9 (81.8%) of them were males. After the 4-week treatment, in accordance with the Bates-Jensen scoring, healing was observed on the wound depth score of 7(63.6%) patients and on wound appearance score of 8(72.7%) patients out of 11. While the wound depth score of 4(36.4%) cases and wound appearance score of 3(27.3%) cases remained the same, no deterioration was observed on any cases throughout the follow-up period.ConclusionIn conclusion, our findings revealed that Abound treatment makes a positive contribution to the wound healing in diabetic dialysis patients.

Effects of Oral Supplementation with N-Carbamylglutamate on Serum Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Morphology with its Proliferation in Weanling Piglets

Effects of Oral Supplementation with N-Carbamylglutamate on Serum Biochemical Indices and Intestinal Morphology with its Proliferation in Weanling Piglets

Effects of oral supplementation with glutamate or combination of glutamate and N-carbamylglutamate on intestinal mucosa morphology and epithelium cell proliferation in weanling piglets1

To evaluate the effects of glutamate (Glu) or combination of Glu and N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) on intestinal mucosa morphology and epithelium cell proliferation, 18 piglets weaned at 21 d (BW 5.56 ± 0.51 kg) were grouped into 3 treatments and fed one of the following diets for 20 d: a standard diet (SD), SD+Glu(1%), or SD+Glu(1%)+NCG(0.05%). All the piglets were killed for intestinal mucosa collection, and real-time PCR was used to detect mRNA abundance of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and β-catenin. The results showed that compared with the control group, adding Glu or Glu+NCG to the diet resulted in a higher villus height and mucosal thickness (P < 0.05) in the jejunum. However, the villus height/crypt depth ratio was unaltered. The RT-PCR results showed that Glu+NCG significantly increased PCNA mRNA abundance in both jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05), while they also significantly increased β-catenin and VEGF mRNA abundance in ileum (P < 0.05). Only Glu increased PCNA mRNA abundance in the jejunum (P < 0.05) and β-catenin mRNA in the jejunum (P < 0.05). These results indicated that oral supply of Glu improved intestinal mucosa morphology, and combined Glu and NCG may have favorable effects on intestinal epithelium cell proliferation than Glu alone.

Efficacy of oral administration of yoghurt supplemented with a preparation containing hyaluronic acid (Mobilee™) in adults with mild joint discomfort: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study

A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed with 40 healthy individuals with joint discomfort. The effect of oral supplementation with a natural product containing hyaluronic acid included in a yoghurt matrix was evaluated in terms of functional and quality-of-life parameters. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure maximum muscle strength, total work and mean power. Participants were divided into 2 groups (n = 20) and ate yoghurt that was either supplemented or not supplemented with the hyaluronic acid product daily for a period of 90 days. The increase in the maximum peak torque of the knee extensors compared to baseline values was 7.6 ± 7.6 Nm for the supplemented yoghurt group and 2.5 ± 4.7 Nm for the control group at 180°/s (P = 0.0582), and 6.5 ± 5.8 Nm for the supplemented yoghurt group and −1.0 ± 7.1 Nm for the control group at 240°/s (P < 0.05). The same pattern of response was observed in total work and in mean power (P < 0.05). Differences were less pronounced in the knee flexors. No differences were detected in the Lequesne score and SF-36 survey except for the social functioning subscale at 1 month follow-up. This prospective placebo-controlled nutritional study confirmed that 3 months of oral administration of a natural product containing HA (Mobilee™) in healthy individuals with joint discomfort of the knee provides improvements in muscle strength.

Effects of Oral Supplementation with Pyrroloquinoline Quinone on Stress, Fatigue, and Sleep

Seventeen adult male and female subjects participated in a clinical trial using an open-label trial to evaluate the effectiveness of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) on stress, fatigue, quality of life and sleep. They ingested 20 mg of PQQ daily for 8 weeks. Changes in stress, fatigue, quality of life measures and sleep were evaluated using various inventories and questionnaires. For example, the results of the Profile of Mood States-Short Form revealed that all six measures of vigor, fatigue, tension-anxiety, depression, anger-hostility and confusion were significantly improved following PQQ administration compared with scores for those measures before administration of PQQ. Measures for quality of life, appetite, sleep, obsession and pain, also improved significantly. The results of the Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi Sleep Inventory (Middle Aged and Aged version) showed significant improvement in sleepiness at awakening, sleep onset and maintenance, and sleep duration. For validation, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Japanese version also showed significant improvement in sleep-related behavior. Furthermore, the changes in these global scores were correlated with changes in the cortisol awakening response (R = -0.55), i.e. the effects of PQQ on improvement of sleep quality are supported by a biomarker.Keywords: Pyrroloquinoline quinone, stress, fatigue, quality of life, sleep

Effect of Oral Supplementation with Iron (III)-hydroxide Polymaltose Complex on the Immunological Profile of Adolescents with Varying Iron Status

To assess the effects of iron supplementation on immunological parameters of adolescents with varying iron status. Adolescents of both sexes with varying iron status were allocated to four treatment groups by using inclusion criteria. Three of the four groups received iron(III)-hydroxide polymaltose complex (IPC, Maltofer) containing 100 mg of iron 6 days a week for 8 months. The fourth group was given a placebo. Immunological parameters were assessed at baseline and after 4 and 8 months of supplementation. Increases from baseline to 4 months and from 4 to 8 months of supplementation were observed for Bactericidal Capacity of Neutrophils (BCA), NitroBlue Tetrazolium Reduction Test (NBT), and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in all three supplemented groups. No increase was found in the control placebo group except for PHA. No side effects were noted in any participants. IPC supplementation for eight months led to significant improvements of immunological parameters in iron deficient adolescents with and without anemia.

Effects of Oral Supplementation with Iron (III) Hydroxide Polymaltose Complex on the Hematological Profile of Adolescents with Varying Iron Status

To assess the effects of supplementation with oral iron(III) hydroxide polymaltose complex on the iron status of adolescents with and without iron deficiency and anemia. Adolescents of both sexes with varying iron status were allocated to four treatment groups by using inclusion criteria. Three of the four groups received iron(III) hydroxide polymaltose complex (IPC, Maltofer) containing 100 mg of iron 6 days a week for 8 months. The fourth group was given a placebo. Hematological parameters were assessed at the baseline and after 4 and 8 months of supplementation. IPC supplementation resulted in a significant increase in iron parameters in all the three supplemented groups including correction of iron deficiency and anemia along with improvement in storage iron after 8 months. No side effects were noted in any of the supplemented subjects. IPC supplementation improved the iron status of adolescents with and without iron deficiency and anemia. These data provide evidence that IPC is an easy-to-administer and well tolerated compound which can improve and normalize the iron status of iron deficient and anemic patients.

PP-028 Effect of oral supplementation of zinc on treatment of otitis media with effusion

PP-028 Effect of oral supplementation of zinc on treatment of otitis media with effusion

Effects of oral supplementation with β‐carotene on concentrations of β‐carotene, vitamin A and α‐tocopherol in plasma, colostrum and milk of mares and plasma of their foals and on fertility in mares

In this study, effects of oral β-carotene supplementation to mares (β-carotene group: 1000 mg/day, n = 15; control group: n = 15) from 2 weeks before foaling until 6 weeks thereafter on concentrations of β-carotene, vitamin A and α-tocopherol in plasma, colostrum and milk and plasma of their foals were determined. In addition, effects on fertility were studied. Beta-carotene concentrations increased in plasma and colostrum of β-carotene-supplemented mares compared to control mares (p < 0.05). In mares of both groups, β-carotene concentrations were higher in colostrum than in milk (p < 0.05). In foals, β-carotene concentrations increased with colostrum uptake and were higher in foals born to supplemented mares (p < 0.05; control group: 0.0003 ± 0.0002 μg/ml on day 0, 0.008 ± 0.0023 μg/ml on day 1; β-carotene group: 0.0005 ± 0.0003 μg/ml on day 0, 0.048 ± 0.018 μg/ml on day 1). Concentrations of vitamin A and α-tocopherol were higher in colostrum than in milk (p < 0.05) but did not differ between groups. Concentration of α-tocopherol in plasma of mares decreased over time and in foals, increased markedly within 4 days after birth. All but one mare (control group) showed oestrus within 2 weeks post-partum. Occurrence of oestrus did not differ between groups. More mares of the control group (7/7 vs. 5/12 in the β-carotene group) became pregnant after being bred in first post-partum oestrus (p < 0.05). In conclusion, β-carotene supplementation to mares increased β-carotene concentrations in plasma, colostrum and milk of mares and plasma of their foals but had no positive effects on fertility.

Effects of Oral Supplementation With Plant Superoxide Dismutase Extract on Selected Redox Parameters and an Inflammatory Marker in a 2,000-m Rowing-Ergometer Test

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of plant superoxide dismutase extract (GliSODin) supplementation on the balance of oxidants and antioxidants in the serum and erythrocytes of competitive rowers. The double-blinded study included 19 members of the Polish rowing team who were participating in a preparatory camp. Subjects were randomly assigned to the supplemented group (n = 10), who received 2 capsules (500 mg) of GliSODin extract once daily for 6 weeks, or the placebo group (n = 9). At the beginning and end of the study, subjects performed a 2,000-m maximum-effort test on a rowing ergometer. Blood samples were taken from the antecubital vein before each exercise test, 1 min after completing the test, and after a 24-hr restitution period. The following redox parameters were assessed in erythrocytes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, and concentrations of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substances. In addition, creatine kinase activity and total antioxidant capacity were measured in plasma samples, lactate levels were determined in capillary blood samples, and C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase concentrations were measured in serum. After supplementation, SOD activity was significantly higher (p = .0037) in the supplemented group than the placebo group, and C-reactive protein was significantly (p = .00001) lower in athletes receiving GliSODin than those in the placebo group. In conclusion, supplementation with an extract rich in SOD activity promoted antioxidant status and protected against increased inflammation in the serum of professional rowers but had no effect on oxidative damage induced by exhaustive exercise.

Effect of Oral Supplementation with Branched-chain Amino Acid (BCAA) during Radiotherapy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Double-Blind Randomized Study

PurposeThe present study evaluated whether oral supplementation with a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) improves the biochemical and amino acid profiles of liver tumor patients undergoing radiotherapy.Materials and MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups: a group given oral supplementation with BCAA granules (LIVACT granules; Samil Pharm Co., Korea, each granule containing L-isoleucine 952 mg, L-leucine 1,904 mg, and L-valine 1,144 mg) during radiotherapy, or a placebo group. Physical and biochemical examinations and measurements, including subjective symptoms, Child-Pugh class, body mass index, plasma albumin concentration, and plasma amino acid profiles were monitored.ResultsFifty were enrolled between November 2005 and November 2006. We also analyzed data from 37 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in order to evaluate a more homogenous group. The two groups of patients were comparable in terms of age, gender, Child-Pugh score, and underlying hepatitis virus type. Serum albumin, total protein, liver enzymes, and cholesterol showed a tendency to increase in the BCAA group. In this group, the percentage of cases that reverted to normal serum albumin levels between 3 and 10 weeks after administration of BCAA was significantly higher (41.18%) than in the placebo group (p=0.043).ConclusionOral supplementation with a BCAA preparation seems to help HCC patients undergoing radiotherapy by increasing the BCAA concentration.

The leaf extract of Spondias mombin L. displays an anti-inflammatory effect and suppresses inducible formation of tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide (NO)

Extracts of Spondias mombin L. (Anacardiacea) is used in the traditional medicine of Africa and Latin America to treat many inflammatory conditions, with repeated claims of efficacy. However, there are no scientific data yet to support these claims and the mechanism through which the extract may be acting is still unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the methanolic extract of the leaf of S. mombin (SM) on inflammation and to uncover some of the possible mechanisms that could explain any observed changes. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was investigated in Wistar rats using intraplantar injection of carrageenan as an in vivo model of inflammation. The effect of oral supplementation of the SM extract on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels after an intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mg/kg) challenge was investigated in mice. The effect of SM on TNF-α and inducible nitric oxide (iNO) production by LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BM-MØ) was also investigated in vitro. BM-MØ were preincubated for 2 h with SM (0–100 µg/ml), activated with LPS, and then TNF-α and NO production measured in the cell-free conditioned culture supernatant after 24 h of incubation. The study showed that pre-treatment of rats with the SM extract (at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, per os) caused a significant dose-related inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema over a 4-h period. In treated mice, LPS-inducible (systemic) TNF-α levels were found to be significantly lower as a result of their receiving the SM extract. In vitro, SM treatment caused a dose-dependent decrease in LPS-inducible TNF-α and NO production by BM-MØ compared to the effects of treatment of the cells with LPS alone. Taken together, the results of these studies suggest that supplementation with SM extract can alleviate inflammatory responses and that this could possibly be via a suppression of the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines such as TNF-α and iNO.

A Retrospective Study of the Effect of Oral Supplementation with Immunonutrients on Radiation-induced Hematologic Toxicity in Cancer Patients: A Preliminary Study

A Retrospective Study of the Effect of Oral Supplementation with Immunonutrients on Radiation-induced Hematologic Toxicity in Cancer Patients: A Preliminary Study

Effects ofLactobacillus acidophilusNCFM on insulin sensitivity and the systemic inflammatory response in human subjects

According to animal studies, intake of probiotic bacteria may improve glucose homeostasis. We hypothesised that probiotic bacteria improve insulin sensitivity by attenuating systemic inflammation. Therefore, the effects of oral supplementation with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM on insulin sensitivity and the inflammatory response were investigated in subjects with normal or impaired insulin sensitivity. In a double-blinded, randomised fashion, forty-five males with type 2 diabetes, impaired or normal glucose tolerance were enrolled and allocated to a 4-week treatment course with either L. acidophilus NCFM or placebo. L. acidophilus was detected in stool samples by denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis and real-time PCR. Separated by the 4-week intervention period, two hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamps were performed to estimate insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, the systemic inflammatory response was evaluated by subjecting the participants to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide injection (0·3ng/kg) before and after the treatment course. L. acidophilus NCFM was detected in 75% of the faecal samples after treatment with the probiotic bacterium. Insulin sensitivity was preserved among volunteers in the L. acidophilus NCFM group, whereas it decreased in the placebo group. Both baseline inflammatory markers and the systemic inflammatory response were, however, unaffected by the intervention. In conclusion, intake of L. acidophilus NCFM for 4 weeks preserved insulin sensitivity compared with placebo, but did not affect the systemic inflammatory response.