Effect Of Maleic Hydrazide Research Articles

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide and Waxing on Quality and Shelf-Life of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Fruits

The effect of post-harvest treatment of Maleic hydrazide (MH)with and without waxing on the quality and shelf-life of ‘Baladi’ and‘Ekostika I’ papaya fruits at 18 ± 1 oC and 85% – 90% relative humiditywas evaluated. Maleic hydrazide at 250 and 500 ppm significantlydelayed fruit ripening by two and three days in both papaya cultivars,respectively, compared with untreated fruits. The higher theconcentration, the more was the delay in fruit ripening. The results alsoshowed that waxing in addition to MH resulted in a delay of two moredays in fruit ripening than treatment with MH alone. The effect of MHand waxing treatments in delaying papaya fruits ripening was manifestedin retarded respiratory climacteric, reduced weight loss and delayed fruitsoftening and increase in total soluble solids and ascorbic acid content

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide and Waxing on Quality and Shelf-life of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Fruits

The effect of post-harvest treatment of maleic hydrazide (MH)with and without waxing on the quality and shelf-life of ‘Kitchner’ and‘Abu-Samaka’ mango fruits at 18 ±1°C and 85% - 90% relative humiditywas studied. Maleic hydrazide and wax treatments delayed fruit ripening,reduced losses, maintained quality and extended shelf-life of mangofruits. MH at 500 and 1000 ppm significantly delayed fruit ripening bytwo and four days in both mango cultivars, respectively, compared withthe untreated fruits. The higher the concentration of MH, the more delayin fruit ripening. Waxing in addition to MH treatment resulted in ripeningdelay of six days in fruit ripening than treatment with MH alone. Theeffect of MH and waxing treatments in delaying mango fruit ripening,was indicated in retarded respiratory climacteric, reduced water loss,delayed peel colour development, fruit softening and total soluble solidsaccumulation and retained ascorbic acid content.

Effect of maleic hydrazide and pinching on growth and flowering behaviour of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)

An experiment was carried out at Experimental Research Farm, R.B.S College Bichpuri, Agra (U.P.) during rabi season of 2016-18 to study the effect of pinching and Maleic Hydrazide on growth and flowering behavior of African marigold (Tagetes erectaL.). The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications comprising of four different concentrations of Maleic Hydrazide (0, 250,500 and 750 ppm) and three pinching levels viz., no pinching, pinching at 20 and 40 (DAT). The results revealed that the application of 750 ppmMH recorded significantly maximum value of diameter of main stem (2.0 cm), plant spread N-S and E-W (44.7cm and 47.5cm), primary branches/plant (11.1), length of flower (7.0 cm), diameter of flowers(7.3 cm),flower/plant (79.5), and flower yield (170.9 qha-1 ), weight of flower/ plant (273.6 g), and dry matter content of plant (39.6g). The maximum plant height (72.4cm) and minimum days required for bud initiation (46.0days) were noticed under the control.Among the pinching treatments, pinching at 40 DAT recorded significantly maximum diameter of main stem (2.2 cm), plant spread N-S and E-W (47.0cm and 48.2cm), primary branches/plant (10.9), length of longest primary branches (38.6 cm), length of flower (7.6 cm), diameter of flowers(7.9cm),flower/plant (83.2), and flower yield (185.8qha-1 ), weight of flower/ plant (275.4g)and dry matter weight of plant (38.2g). Themaximum plant height (69.5cm) and minimum days taken to first flower bud initiation (47.4days)were recorded under no pinching. The interaction (P2xM3)recorded maximumnumber of primary branches (11.2), number of flowers per plant (86.3), size of flower (8.0cm) and yield of flowers (195.48qha-1 ) while minimumvalue were recorded under P0M0 treatment.

Effect of maleic hydrazide on parasitic fitness of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat

As a growth inhibitor of the apical meristem in the plant stem, Maleic hydrazide plays an important role in modulation of plant growth. In this research, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and its host for reproduction was employed to characterize the effect of maleic hydrazide on parasitic fitness of the strain. Growth inhibition of the secondary leaves of wheat by maleic hydrazide was demonstrated. Results showed that root irrigation by maleic hydrazide at the seedling stage significantly increased the parasitic fitness of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, leading to the increase in sporulation amount, sporulation period, and germination rate of urediniospores. In addition, the ultrastructure of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici urediniospores was not affected by maleic hydrazide treatment. Out data indicate that the optimal concentration and dose for the use of maleic hydrazide is 0.35 g l−1 and 1.5 ml/cm2, respectively, facilitating the widespread application in wheat stripe rust studies.

EFFECT of maleic hydrazide on rat liver.

EFFECT of maleic hydrazide on rat liver.

Effect of maleic hydrazide on endogenous cytokinin contents in lateral buds, and its possible role in flower bud formation on the Japanese pear shoot

In order to elucidate the role of maleic hydrazide (MH, 1,2-dihydro-3,6-pyridazinedione; coline salt) in increasing flower bud formation on the Japanese pear, the effect of MH on cytokinin contents in the lateral buds of Japanese pear shoots were investigated. Foliar application of MH at 2600 mg l −1 increased zeatin, zeatinriboside, and isopentenyladenine levels in lateral buds though isopentenyladenosine concentration decreased. Application of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), an inhibitor of polar auxin transport, also increased the endogenous cytokinin levels in lateral buds. It is supposed that these increases of cytokinin in lateral buds may be involved in the increase of flower bud production on the Japanese pear shoot. The increases of cytokinin induced by these chemicals may be caused via the depletion of the auxin level and/or the activity in shoot tissues.

The effect of maleic hydrazide (potassium salt) on potato yield, sugar content and chip color of Kennebec and Norchip cultivars

A new formulation of maleic hydrazide (MH), a potassium salt formulation, was field tested for 3 years in Ontario to evaluate effects on yield performance, and on the sprouting and processing quality of cvs. Norchip and Kennebec potatoes. Foliar applied MH had no apparent effect on yield of potatoes, was effective in suppressing sprout growth, and had no effect on the sugar content (i.e., fructose, glucose and sucrose) of potatoes newly harvested and after 6 months storage. Although chip color varied from yearto-year, no consistent difference was found between the color of chips made from potatoes from untreated and MH-treated plants.

Effect of maleic hydrazide on vegetative growth, flowering and fruiting of bottle gourd

A study on the effect of maleic hydrazide (MH) on vegetative growth, flowering and yield of bottle gourd ( Lagenaria siceraria (Mol) Standl.) was conducted during the rainy and summer seasons of 1979 and 1980, respectively. MH at 150 mg l −1 stimulated the elongation of the main shoot, while MH at 50 mg l −1 induced more branches per plant. Staminate flowers appeared late and at the lowest node number in control plants, whereas MH at 150 mg l −1 had a profound effect on the earliest appearance of pistillate flowers at the lowest node number. Male: female ratio was lowered with MH at 50 mg l −1 and was most effective in producing the maximum number of fruits and fruit weight per plant and ultimately the yield. GA 3, NAA and ethrel did not influence yield, while MH did.

Effect of maleic hydrazide on peroxidase isoenzymes in relation to rooting hypocotyl cuttings ofPhaseolus mungo

A time course study of changes in the pattern of peroxidase isoenzymes shows that two new isoenzymesa andb appeared in hypocotyl cuttings cultured either in indolyl-3 acetic acid (IAA) + sucrose or in water but not in maleic hydrazide (MH). Roots were also initiated in the former two cases but not in the last case. That these isoenzymes may be associated with root initiation is also evident from the fact that these appeared when hypocotyl cuttings were transferred from MH to IAA + sucrose. The time of appearance of these isoenzymes in different cultures also synchronized with the time of microscopic root initiation. While the isoenzymea disappeared,b persisted in cuttings transferred from IAA + sucrose to MH. The number of roots produced on cuttings transferred to MH was very low, though their development was normal. It is suggested that isoenzymesa andb may be associated with root initiation andc andd with root development.

Effects Attributed to Maleic Hydrazide when used for Chemical Sucker Control on Bright Tobacco

AbstractThe effect of maleic hydrazide (MH) per se on bright tobacco was determined by comparing plants treated with MH to those without MH under conditions of good chemical sucker control. Sequential applications of each of five contact-type agents with MH one week later (Group I) were compared to dual applications of each of the same contact agents (Group II). In Group II suckers missed during applications were individually wetted to ensure excellent control. Sucker control was measured as 95 % for Group I and assumed to be 99 % for Group II. There were no agronomic differences between Groups I and II. In the visual warehouse appraisal, there was only a statistical difference for thin-bodied tobaccos between the two groups and a trend for slightly more heavy-bodied tobaccos in Group I. The chemical and physical analyses showed that filling value at 13 % moisture and equilibrium moisture content (EMC) measured at 60 % relative humidity were significantly lower in Group I than Group II. The result for EMC was questioned. Actual values for total alkaloids, total volatile bases minus nicotine, total ash, and alkalinity number of water-soluble ash were lower and reducing sugars were higher where MH was used. Except for EMC, the findings in this study reflected those established in studies where MH-treated and normally hand-suckered tobaccos were compared, but the differences here were generally not as great.

The effect of maleic hydrazide and chlorocholine chloride on the growth, seed yield components and seed yield of S.23 ryegrass

SummaryThe effects of maleic hydrazide (MH) and chlorocholine chloride (CCC) on S. 23 perennial ryegrass grown for seed were investigated in a series of field experiments from 1972 to 1974. MH significantly decreased straw length and lodging, but also decreased all yield components, seed yield and germination percentage. All growth stages and harvest date were delayed and the seed production mechanism impaired. CCC had little effect on length of fertile tillers or lodging but seed yield was increased in 1972 and 1973 when the chemical was applied at spikelet initiation. In 1972 an increase in 1000-grain weight and in 1973 small but insignificant increases in numbers of fertile tillers and seeds per spikelet were responsible. This chemical had no visible effects on the growth and development of the crop or on germination percentage of the seed.

Effect of maleic hydrazide and 2,4,5‐trichlorophenoxy propionic acid on ripening and quality of mango fruit

AbstractDipping in hot water accelerated the ripening process and reduced fungal spoilage in Mangifera indica cv. Pairi mangoes. Accelerated ripening was counteracted by incorporation of maleic hydrazide (MH) in the dip water, thereby extending the storage life with minimum fungal spoilage. 2,4,5‐Trichlorophenoxy propionic acid (2,4,5‐TP) also delayed the ripening process, but did not improve skin colour. Hot water treatment with or without MH and 2,4,5‐TP increased the carotene content of the flesh. These compounds did not significantly alter the chemical composition or quality of the fruit.

The effect of maleic hydrazide on growth and mutation of a blue-green alga.

Maleic hydrazide is mutagenic to the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans at pH 5.0, producing mutations to streptomycin-resistance and penicillin-resistance, and is non-mutagenic at pH 8.0, promoting growth in low concentrations. The maleic hydrazide-induced increases in the levels of streptomycin- and penicillin-resistance are 1000 and 500 times respectively over the parental strain. The resistant strains can further mutate spontaneously to give rise to strains resistant to still higher concentrations of the antibiotic. Cultures growing with manganese are more sensitive to maleic hydrazide-induced inhibition of growth than are those growing without manganese. However, cultures of the alga in maleic hydrazide grown in the presence of two different concentrations of manganese differ in the extent of growth which is better in those with the higher manganese concentration than in those with the lower. These results suggest different modes of interaction between manganese and maleic hydrazide, controlled primarily by manganese concentration.

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide on the Increase of Sugar Content in Sugar Cane

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide on the Increase of Sugar Content in Sugar Cane

The Effect of Maleic Hydrazide on the Mitosis of Phytohaemagglutinin Stimulated Human Lymphocytes CulturedIn Vitro

The effect of maleic hydrazide (MH) on the mitosis of human lymphocytes in peripheral blood cultures has been studied. It was found that MH causes a reduction in the mitotic index, here defined as the number of mitoses per thousand cells. The significance of these observations is discussed.

THE EFFECT OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE ON SYNTHESIS OF LIGNIN

The effect of maleic hydrazide and several other chemicals on the synthesis of lignin was investigated in oat coleoptile, pea hypocotyl, and tobacco. When measured by ultraviolet light absorption, maleic hydrazide depressed While 1,4-naphthoquinone increased the lignin content in the conducting tissues of oat coleoptile. The lignin content of oat coleoptiles treated with maleic hydrazide in presence of 1,4-naphthoquinone and tyrosine was reduced. Additions of ferulic acid generally overcame the effects of maleic hydrazide; p-benzoquinone was ineffective. Gibberellic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid generally promoted the synthesis of lignin. Joint use of these chemicals and maleic hydrazide produced intermediate levels of lignin. The hygroscopicity and filling value of flue-cured tobacco was related to the lignin content of the leaf.

DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE ON THE GROWTH OF LEAF AND STEM RUSTS OF WHEAT

The effect of maleic hydrazide on leaf rust and stem rust of wheat was investigated, using intact plants supplied with maleic hydrazide through the roots, detached leaves floated on solutions of maleic hydrazide, and spores germinated on maleic hydrazide solutions in agar. In each case the growth of leaf rust was inhibited at concentrations of maleic hydrazide which had no effect on the growth of stem rust. Some resistant wheat varieties became susceptible to rust after treatments with levels of maleic hydrazide which were not inhibitory to rust development. In some experiments, leaf rust races reacted differentially to maleic hydrazide. Both nutritional and inhibitory factors could be involved in resistance and host–pathogen specificity.

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide on Some Tropical Lawn Grasses

Effect of Maleic Hydrazide on Some Tropical Lawn Grasses

Effect of maleic hydrazide on the bolting control of the spinach

This experiment was carried out to know the effect of maleic hvdrazide on bolting of spinach plants. The seeds of “Ujo” variety were planted in the field and WAGNER's pots, in November, 1954, and March, 1955. About 10ml each of maleic hydrazide solution was sprayed on the leaves and buds of spinach plants a week before their bolting, from April to May in 1955. The concentrations of the sprayed solution were 0.10, 0.25, 0.30 and 0.50 percent in the field, and 0.05, 0.10, 0.25 and 0.30 percent on the potted plants. The experimental results revealed that the most effective concentration of maleic hydrazide for bolting control was 0.25 percent in the field and 0. 10 percent on the potted plants. But their effect had lasted only for short period, seven to ten days. If the second spray was applied, the leaves or stems were dwarfed, turned yellow, and at last died after thirty days of spraying.

THE PHYSIOLOGY OF HOST–PARASITE RELATIONS: IV. THE EFFECT OF MALEIC HYDRAZIDE AND INDOLEACETIC ACID ON THE RUST RESISTANCE OF KHAPLI AND LITTLE CLUB WHEATS

Little Club (rust reaction type 4) and Khapli (rust reaction type 1 with race 15B) wheats were grown in sand culture in 1-qt. crocks or 5-in. pots. Daily applications of maleic hydrazide or indoleacetic acid were started 5 days before (10 days after sowing), on the day of, and 5 days after inoculation with stem rust (Race 15B) and were continued for about three weeks. Maleic hydrazide inhibited growth and, at 5 and 10 mg. per pot, flowering. Type 4 pustules developed on Khapli plants treated with 5 and 10 mg. of maleic hydrazide daily from the 5th day before and from the day of inoculation. Indoleacetic acid (0.5 mg. per pot from the 10th day after sowing) stimulated growth and flowering and slightly increased the resistance of Khapli. Treatments started 5 days after inoculation had no effect on rust development on Khapli, and none of the treatments altered the rust reaction of Little Club. Spores produced on plants treated with maleic hydrazide gave normal rust reactions on untreated plants.The effect of maleic hydrazide on the plants and on rust development was not altered by the simultaneous application of uracil, which reversed the growth inhibition caused by thiouracil. Thiouracil inhibited rust development in the presence of maleic hydrazide.