이 연구는 치과위생사의 일반적 특성, 직업특성, 교육훈련의 경험, 그리고 심리사회적 특성인 자기효능감과 사회적 지지 등이 직무성과의 대표적 지표인 직무몰입과 어떠한 관련성을 보이는지를 분석하고자 하였다. S, I, G지역의 치과 병 의원에서 1년 이상 근무경력이 있는 여성 치과위생사 418명을 최종 연구대상으로 하였고, 구조화된 자기 기입형 설문지를 사용하여 연구대상자의 일반적 특성, 직업특성, 교육훈련(학부 인문사회과목 수강경험, 취업 후 보수교육 등의 참여 경험), 심리사회적 특성(자기효능감, 사회적 지지) 등과 직무몰입 간의 관련성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 치과위생사들의 직무몰입에 영향을 주는 요인은 일반적 특성이나 직업특성보다는 대학 교육과정에서의 인문사회과목 수강경험과 심리사회적 요인인 자기효능감과 사회적 지지였다. 치과위생사의 직무몰입 향상을 위해 인성강화를 위한 대학 교육과정의 인문사회 교과목 편성의 제도적 보완, 자신의 업무역량을 강화시키고 업무에 대한 효능감을 향상시킬 수 있는 자기개발기회의 보장과 조성, 그리고 직장동료나 상사와의 다양한 정보 공유와 도움을 가능하게 해줄 수 있는 직장 내 멘토링 제도 등의 도입이 절실하게 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of educational training and psychosocial characteristics such as self-efficacy and social support on job involvement in dental hygienists. A total of 418 dental hygienists who were working in S, I and G area were recruited in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to evaluate individual and job characteristics, educational training, self-efficacy and social support of the study subjects. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship of individual and job characteristics, educational training, self-efficacy and social support to job involvement. All statistical analyses were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 20.0 for Windows, and p<0.05 was considered significant. The results show that learning experiences of liberal arts or social sciences as a part of college curriculum (t=-2.406), self-efficacy (t=3.728) and social support at work (t=4.391) were significantly associated with job involvement in dental hygienists. Dental hygienists who were having experiences of liberal arts or social sciences as a part of college curriculum, showing higher levels of self-efficacy, and receiving adequate social support from supervisors or coworkers at work were more likely to feel job involvement. They explained 17.4% of total variance of job involvement. This result suggests that experiences of liberal arts or social sciences as a part of college curriculum, higher levels of self-efficacy, and adequate social support from supervisors or coworkers at work might play an important role in increasing job involvement of dental hygienists. It is strongly required to develop individual and organizational program or training to promote a positive attitude to their job as a key professionals in the field of dental health, and to increase job involvement of dental hygienists.