Education System In Kosovo Research Articles

Literary Works and Technology Aids Inclusion in Foreign Language Learning: Case of Kosovo Students’ Approach

Introduction: The research in this paper was adapted to provide insight into the expectations, prejudices, and openness of higher education students of the University of Prishtina to the inclusion of literary material in the teaching/learning of English and French as a second foreign language (FL2). Simultaneously, as the modern and technologically developed world requires, the paper deals with the opinion on the contribution of appealing teaching material and technology aids in the acceptance of literary works (LWs) in foreign language learning (FLL). Purpose: Apart from some excerpts in the course books, LW inclusion in foreign language learning (FLL) is almost non-existent in the Kosovo education system. Through this study, we concurrently aim to raise the awareness of the students of the advantages that literary works can bring into the foreign language classroom incurring learner-centred teaching/learning, progression of critical thinking and judgment skills as well as sharing experiences and opinions through non-linear and more spontaneous manner. Method: In this study, 69 respondents are freshmen at the University of Prishtina (UP), Faculty of Philology who are mainly future teachers of foreign languages and elected English and French language as their FL2. The method used in this paper consists of quantitative and qualitative approaches aiming for a more thorough analysis through the SPSS statistical computer program and descriptive statistics. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the students have a positive approach to the merge of LWs and foreign language learning, less through printed LWs and more through digitized literature. Hence, applying the merging of literature with language, in the new pedagogical practices and English/French language curricula can be optimistic expectations. Significance: The significance of the study lies in the fact that this under-investigated issue can help in creating insight into the current condition in FL classrooms and help FL curriculum changes in the Kosovo middle and upper high schools as well as higher education FL course curriculum. This study raises hope for merging language and literature in FL classrooms.

Attitudes of Parents of Children With Special Needs Towards Inclusive Education

Inclusive education is very important for all children especially for those with special needs. In the Republic of Kosovo, the inclusion it is an approach in progress. This study aimed to explore the attitudes of parents of children with special needs towards inclusive education. The current findings of inclusiveness, challenges, risks, benefits and achievements of inclusive education in the Kosovo education system were also analysed. Through a semi-structured interview, ten parents whose children attend regular classes in various schools in pre-university education in Kosovo were interviewed. The results of the research indicate that parents of children with special needs have similar attitudes towards inclusion. In their opinion, it should occur, but they are worried about the challenges that appear. Inclusion is seen as a good opportunity, capacity building, equality, socialization and part of the overall development of the child. Parents recommend improvements in infrastructure conditions and human resources for successful inclusion.

Rad srpskih škola u Peći i okolini od nastanka do 1907. godine

Summary: Pedagogical life in Kosovo and Metohija took place under specific and unsettled political, economic and cultural conditions. However, starting from the point of view that the education system in Kosovo and Metohija was conditioned by the great inherited cultural and educational backwardness and the ethnic diversity of the population, the efforts of the educational policy are focused both on the development of the school network, the improvement of education, literacy, school education, as well as on drawing out the population from centuries of cultural and educational backwardness. Starting from this point of view, the basic task and content of the work is dedicated to the treatment of the problems of schooling and education in Peć and its surroundings from its beginning until 1907, which mainly related to a limited number of Serbian schools and education that was one-sided in its content. The emphasis was on a more detailed analysis of teaching work, attendance, number of pupils, teaching staff, conditions in which the educational process was carried out. The subject of the research is to open up many life questions, both questions about the development of education, and about the development of this region, which is somewhat neglected. One of the subjects of the research was to save the development of schooling from insidious and fatal oblivion as a source of preservation and development of the national and cultural identity of a people, guardian and promoter of civilizational achievements, universal and humanistic values.

Comparing Public-Private Partnership of Vocational Education and Training Schools and Centres of Competence in Kosovo

<p style="text-align: justify;">Kosovo's education system has two different vocational education and training schools: professional schools and centres of competence. The local authorities-municipal directorates of education manage the professional schools, while the centres of competence are managed at the national level by agency for vocational education and training and adult education (AVETAE), operating under the Ministry of Education. This paper compares the collaboration between public schools, centres of competence, and private businesses. For this research, we used the mixed research methodology by interviewing coordinators of career centres from two professional schools and two centres of competence, and four managers of different firms. The research included a questionnaire filled by teachers from both institutions, prepared using the Likert scale. We analysed the data from this research to identify the differences in how those institutions develop partnerships with private businesses to secure better internship opportunities for their students. The study will provide data about the sustainability of cooperation between these two institutions in the creation of employment opportunities for their graduates. The outcomes will help professional schools and centres of competence to improve their cooperation with the labour market. It will help the career centre coordinators and business owners to create new job opportunities for development.</p>

Hybrid Teaching during Covid-19—A Case Study of Public Universities in Kosovo

Hybrid teaching is a complex approach of teaching and learning, which is a combination of both face-to-face and virtual classes held simultaneously. This approach began to be used massively during the global pandemic Covid-19 throughout the world, which since March has become indispensable in Kosovo as well. More focus was of course given to virtual classes, as people were not allowed to go out due to Covid-19 restrictions. These distance classes created a situation that was not stable for the education system in Kosovo and demonstrated major educational challenges for lecturers and students. The purpose of this paper is to analyse how higher education lecturers managed the situation with hybrid teaching, how it was perceived by both lecturers and students, and which teaching approach was more preferable by both parties. We have used the qualitative method to retrieve data, and this was done by using a questionnaire as a tool of gathering information. The questionnaires were distributed to a number of 348 English majors, and 40 professors and teaching assistants from three public universities in Kosovo.

Education and Healthcare Reforms in Post-Conflict Setting: Case Studies in Kosovo

Kosovo is a small country that was first declared an independent state on 17 February 2008. Albanians make up 90% of the overall population, whereas the Serbs, Turks, Bosnians, and Roma make up to 10% of the total population as the minority group. Before 1999, Kosovo was part of the Yugoslav organization, but after the March –June 1999 conflicts, the North Atlantic Treaty Forces (NATO), thus bringing Kosovo under United Nations administration (Solana, 114-120). Post-conflict recovery is heavy for Kosovo as it entails rebuilding numerous systems' infrastructure for both the healthcare system and education system (Solana, 114-120). The infrastructure and procedures need to be carefully reorganized to curb both communicable and non-communicable diseases to restructure family care and also to better the education provided in Kosovo. The new state is experiencing a slow economic growth rate of less than 4% causing a slow growth rate of both the education and the healthcare system. This rate of economic growth is caused by almost half of the Kosovo people being unemployed and young. The state of the education system in Kosovo has been affected by many different players that have over the years disintegrated the education system and particularly left adverse effects on children and women. According to the PISA international exam for international students OECD exam that was conducted to test the ability of learners to study, Kosovo students became the last three position out of the 73 counties that took the test for math and reading. This shows that the quality of education at these schools is still low. This indicated poor planning in the Kosovo education system for instance the high congestion in schools since due to the overcrowding, students do not get to experience the personalized teaching they require hence both the learners and teachers end up feeling stressed, poor funding for schools in Kosovo, poor working standards and low salaries for teachers. These reforms were to help Albania to reform from the adverse effects of conflict by the Serbians. The aim of these reforms for both healthcare and education was to improve the current unfavorable conditions like lack of equipment as the learners would sit on the floor and write on each other’s backs and hospitals lacked equipment for work.

Gilan Belediyesine Özel Önem Verilerek Kosova’da Türk Eğitiminin Tarihsel Gelişimi

The Republic of Kosovo, as a new and modern state, is determined for inclusive education and democratization of educational institutions. Comparing the development of the education system over the years since the first opening of Turkish schools in Kosovo until today, the education system in Kosovo has undergone many changes. Since 1999, with the liberation of Kosovo from the Serbian occupiers, the education system has changed. Communities are an equal part of the education system, the education legislature, inclusion, lower, secondary and higher education, so it can be said that they are equal within this system. It is worth mentioning the contribution of the Turkish state in helping the education system with trainings, didactic tools, etc. In a word, they have generally helped Kosovar education. In the municipality of Gjilan, the Turkish community is well-integrated in the education system. There is a special cooperation with the Turkish state through the Turkish KFOR in Kosovo, as well as twinning with Turkish municipalities in Turkey. In this paper, we have mainly focused on the development of Turkish education from 1857 to the present day with the latest statistics of 2020.

Teacher preparation reforms in Kosovo

Education is the key supporter of society, yet at the same time it is the main challenge to hu-manity and society. The need for change is incontestable in all fi elds, including that of education.Education in Kosovo has taken a long, challenging and extremely diffi cult journey. Such challenging situations are a result of the low level of economic and social development in Ko-sovo. Today, education in Kosovo is considered to have made signifi cant progress as a result of fundamental reforms of the education system towards standardization to the European Union education system.This paper aims to analyze the historical, political and economic infl uence on the edu-cation system in Kosovo in general and the teacher education in particular, on its course to-wards implementation of the objectives of the Bologna Process and integration into the Euro-pean Higher Education Area (EHEA).

Difficulties in English Language Learning for Students with Dyslexia

Abstract Teachers always try to give their best to educate all students that have been entrusted to them! Knowing that everybody has the right to learn and be well educated, the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology after the war took considerable actions in an effort to promote inclusive education in the Kosovo education system (Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology, 2007). However, teachers are facing different challenges while trying to teach students with mild or moderate specific learning difficulties together with those who don’t have learning difficulties. Understanding specific learning difficulties may not be hard but handling it is a great challenge. So what are specific learning difficulties? This research studies specific areas of inclusive education based on the difficulties students have while learning English Language, how to deal with these difficulties, how can inclusive practices within the school help, what practical teaching approaches can be used, what teaching methods are used or can be used in the inclusive classes in order to come to a conclusion of what can be done more about inclusiveness and understand the importance of inclusive education not only in the centers where the work is done but throughout Kosovo. Remember: Students with specific learning difficulties are just like you and me, they just have a different learning style!

LEVEL OF TOLERANCES BY CHANGING EMPLOYEES IN PRE-SCHOOL INSTITUTIONS IN KOSOVO

Pre-school education, early education and upbringing are a topic that re-emerges on the agenda of educational institutions in all countries. Pre-school education is an integral part of the unique education system in Kosovo, which is organized to function within nine years of education. Pre-school education in Kosovo aims to establish a legal basis for editing, improving and promoting and imroving upbringing at this level. The stated goal, but also all other goals of preschool education are regulated by law. In practice, the situation is different. That is why the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MONT) in Kosovo wants to introduce changes that are reflected in the implementation of the new curriculum and internal and external evaluation of schools. Therefore, the main subject of this work is the level of tolerance for changes in the staff in pre-school institutions in Kosovo. The aim of the research is to determine the level of tolerance for changes in employees in Kosovo pre-school institutions, whether it is private or state institucion. The data we will obtain with this research are essential for improving the process of upbringing and education at preschool level. In order to open up questions for further research, we consider it important to examine this area, and on the basis of the obtained results, help both the staff in pre-school institutions and all the leaders who are in charge of regulating the legal bases and regulations in Kosovo in order to improve the quality of teaching.

Reflections of Turkish Culture on Kosovo Education System: A Study on Hidden Curriculum

This is a qualitative study analyzing the effect of Turkish culture on Kosovo education system within the framework of hidden curriculum. In terms of methodology, it is a case study collecting data by means of interviews, observations, and document analysis. A combination of descriptive and content analysis techniques was used in data analysis. The research showed that Kosovo Turks possess the identity consciousness necessary to conserve their culture. The language, culture, and identity, which are the key stones of culture, are present in the young generation, as well as in the middle aged and the elderly. The study revealed various hidden curriculum elements showing the effect of Turkish culture on Kosovo education system. The main finding of the study is that cultural transmission takes place in hidden curriculum through teachers, in-class and extensive activities, and course books. The study concluded that Kosovo Turks, who have suffered intense pressure from different ethnic groups in the educational, social, and political spheres so far, now show serious commitment to their culture. This is indicative of that Turkish culture will be transferred to the younger generations in the future.

Challenges for Achieving Learning Outcomes of Languages and Communication Curriculum Area in Primary Education in Kosovo

The education system in Kosovo is in the phase of implementing the curricular reforms which aim at changing the teaching and learning approach. The new curriculum is a necessary innovation in pre-university education system and it has already started to be implemented in all schools in Kosovo, faces many difficulties, especially in achieving learning outcomes in some curricular areas. This research aims at analyzing the obstacles and challenges in achieving results in the Languages and Communication area and to recommend appropriate ways to facilitate its implementation. The representative group consists 75 teachers who work in five primary schools in Kosovo while the data is collected through a questionnaire for teachers. The research findings show that most teachers have sufficient knowledge and have positive attitude towards new curriculum. Challenges arising from this process are: insufficient knowledge of the new curriculum, inadequate cooperation among the teachers, lack of ICT and supporting materials in schools, difficulties in planning the learning results, and non-regular monitoring of teachers, textbook compliance with the principles and requirements of the new curriculum The development of competences and the improvement of results in this area can be achieved through changing educational policies as well as monitoring and accountability of teachers.

English Language Curriculum in Kosovo's Education System

Language is a system of communication, consisting of sounds and words used for the expression or exchange of ideas, concepts, knowledge. Language is our primary source of communicating. Taking in consideration that there are around 6.500 languages spoken in the world today, we find English Language as the most widely spoken language. The importance of this language cannot be denied or ignored as it is strengthened everyday by globalization and development of communication technology. As in the whole world, English Language has its own importance in Kosovo, especially in the last two decades which do succeed the end of a social, cultural and political segregation. The fast-growing importance of English Language has also forced changes in the education system of Kosovo, changes that seem to be superficial because the number of fluent English Language speakers after graduating from high school still remains low.

Managers in The Development of Higher Education in The Republic of Kosovo

Higher education in the modern world considered specific instrument that promotes the economic development of any country and therefore considered as factors that stimulates productivity and economic efficiency. Practices prove that not every investment in the higher education sector in economic development automatically convert. Even in Kosovo, despite the investment in the system in this segment which continues to be poor and without any progress in development. It is derived insufficient qualified people if at the same time is not reached to create infrastructure, institutions, legislation and motivation system on the concept of professional career. Harmonization of these segments and create the necessary synergy educated and skilled people that entered the market certainly qualitatively affect economic development. From this angle the modern direction of Universities is one of the elements of success for socioeconomic development. Higher Education system in Kosovo continues to face fundamental problems which continually degrade this segment. Evidenced most notably the inability of internal quality assurance, lack of legislation on the management of the university profile and lack of human resources for this feature. To prove this we analyzed a series of theories about the ways and models of successful management. These have compared the empirical data that emerged from the statistical survey. Indubitably it emerged that the current role of managers in universities is not compatible with social needs and expectations of university employees. Based on these data we have learned that the opinion and expectations of academics is that the direction of the university depends on a combined approach rector menxheriale-academic executive elements respectively. Further, by reliable research has proven that a successful rector except combined approach academic and managerial anyway should also be equipped with additional knowledge in order to be on the needs of social cohesion. Keywords: higher education, university, management, direction, rector, performance

Vključevanje “informacijskega modeliranja zgradb” (BIM) v trajnostno arhitekturo in gradbeništvo: študija primera na Univerzi v Prištini

After a comparative review of articles published for used types of “Building Information Modeling” (BIM) software, this study provides a wider understanding and critical reflection on integration and synthesis of BIM developments into Kosovo education system in order to provide important guidance to academic researchers, students, and practitioners. As the effectiveness of BIM has been widely accepted in the worldwide “Architecture, Engineering, Construction” (AEC) industry, there is an urgent need to establish a synergy between BIM educated and practitioners in Kosovo likewise. This necessarily leads towards finding more intensive and suitable approaches and tools, for an integrated solution through the education system; in particular, to offer worldwide BIM's practices into sustainable AEC education programs, curricula and/or courses. Virtually, the most of the Technical Faculties within universities of Kosovo pretermit viability of BIM in teaching strategy and plan to overcome the barriers to integration of BIM into the curriculum. Through conducted questionnaire to students was surveyed the current state of BIM integration at higher education curricula of Sustainable Architecture and Construction (SAC) programs. Based upon their answers, came out the recommendation to increase the appraiser's knowledge for BIM in curricula, followed up by new sustainable didactical concepts and awareness, which will energize the commencement of BIM into SAC programs and establish graduates, equipped with the necessary knowledge and skills for BIM software before they get promoted in professional calling.

The Effect of Education in Labour Market: Case Study of Kosovo

One of the major challenges of the post war Kosovo has been establishment and reform of education system and education institutions. Thus, this research aims to address effect of education in labour market outcomes for the period 2009 until 2013, through a theoretical discussion of four main points: the process of establishing the education system in Kosovo in post war period, the effect of education in labour market, participation of education in Kosovo's GDP and countries in the region, investments on education as the main opportunities for reduction of unemployment in Kosovo. In the methodology of this research paper are used secondary data and they are calculating by STATA program. The main analyses in this research paper are: descriptive statistics, regression method and correlation matrix. The results of analyses have shown that in one side education has positive impact on employment and youth employment rate, but it has shown negative impact on job seekers rate; then, on the other side vocational training has shown negative impact on employment but it has positive impact on youth employment rate and job seekers rate. In T-statistical analysis, all analyses have shown non-significance on both variables (education and vocational training) during the period 2009 - 2013. In this research paper is concluded that Kosovo has high unemployment rate 35.3% (KAS Report, 2015) and most of Kosovo population is constituted by young people, thus this remains one of the biggest challenge for Kosovo state. Education (including vocational trainings) is shown as the best opportunity to reduce unemployment, especially at younger people, and to integrate them in domestic and international labour markets. Thus, the authors conclude that in order to reduce the high level unemployment rate, Kosovo institutions should focus constantly in creating and improving the education policies. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s4p37

Human Capital and Export Decisions: The Case of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kosovo

Abstract Following the propositions of firm internationalization theories including the Melit’z dynamic model of export participation, this paper investigates the effects of human capital on the export decisions of Kosovo’s firms. Using a unique dataset of around 500 Small and Medium Enterprises, econometric estimates show mixed indications regarding the relationship between the propensity to export and longevity in export markets and human capital variables, measured by the education of the workforce, and investment in training. While education generally has a negative effect on exporting decisions, the latter shows a consistent positive effect. In the context of Kosovo, this dichotomy may reflect in part the effect of the underperforming education system in Kosovo, which does not produce the right level and/or mix of skills required by the private sector; this, in turn, forces SMEs to invest in increasing workforce capacities. Another Petrit Gashi Faculty of Economics, University of Prishtina, Kosovopetrit.gashi@uni-pr.eduCroEconSurVol. 16No. 2December 2014pp. 91-120Received: September 11, 2014Accepted: November 13, 2014Research Articledoi:10.15179/ces.16.2.4

Partial or Comprehensive Reform of the Education System in Kosovo: Overcoming Students Difficulties in Learning through New Teaching Strategies

Reform of the education system always has as an aim quality improvement in education. However not always students achieve to learn and gain new knowledge in successful way. Problems which appear among students during the process of teaching and learning different courses are not as a result of their intellectual abilities, but often they are as a result of lacking contemporary and adequate teaching strategies from the teachers. The way how teachers organize the whole teaching process is crucial in successful learning from students and increasing their achievement in learning. In this paper work I will present the results of research which is part of my PhD research paperwork which is done with 661 students of different elementary, middle and high schools in Kosovo. Out coming results of this research give as concrete data for courses which seems to be more difficult for students and in which their achievement is not at satisfactory level. Also this research will present the reasons why students consider those courses difficult and the reason which demotivates them have better learning achievements. Methodology: The part of research we will present is quantitative. The research has been conducted through questionnaire which consisted of variation of different questions; testing articles with optional selection of answers, and open type questions. The measurement scale of questionnaire is nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio. The data analyses where conducted with SPSS program. Analysis of this research is done through cross tabulations. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n4p0509

Reforming the Education System in Kosovo with the Start of the 9th Classes

Prior to 1999 Kosovo was a province of the former Yugoslavia. While predominantly inhabited by ethnic Albanians, Kosovo was ruled by Serbia during much of this time. Following the war many international organizations joined those developing domestic organizations and had great influence on decision making. This led to Kosovo declaring its independence from Serbia on 17th February 2008. Post-war Kosovo continues to undergo many transitions in all aspects of development, including education. Education reform was essential both to bring education up to date and in line with international standards. However, somewhat by necessity, changes were drawn up rapidly when they demanded, but did not receive thorough planning, that would have allowed them to be implemented and integrated more effectively. The transition from the pre-war education system to reforms also was a result of the policies of both international and domestic influences which have been decision makers on the fate of so much, including education in the country. The application of these reforms has been complex and difficult as the stages of implementation was not conceived, planned, prepared or understood properly starting from Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST), to the teachers and students. Educational reforms began immediately after the adoption of two laws on primary, secondary and university education (Parliament of Kosovo, 2002). The pre-war educational structure included an instructional framework consisting of twelve grades in a 4 +4 +4 arrangement. After the war, Development of the new Curriculum Framework of Kosovo (2001), determined that a revised framework was needed. The new framework includes nine grades in a 5 +4 +3 arrangement. This new plan extends compulsory education from eight years to 9 years of schooling which complies with European and international course in education. (DES, 2001) Given the significance and impact of the process of including ninth grade as compulsory the goal of this study is to answer the questions: Have the education reforms, i.e. the beginning of ninth graders, brought positive change in education or made the situation more difficult? What should be the basis for planning by MEST, when designing new curriculum, especially when implementing programs for the first time? How should teachers be prepared to implement reforms? On what decisions should reforms in the educational system of the new country be based? Methodology: Qualitative research, comparative, analysis, etc. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p183

The Development of Human Resources and Labor Market

This paper aims to give an overview of the need of knowledge management in the organization, as well as understanding the preconditions and obstacles for the openness of economic and education system in Kosovo with systems in the region as a factor in human resource development. Kosovo has some demographical features that have major influence in the overall development. Due to dominance of young population, the demand for education is high in comparison with the absorption capacity of the economy. Also, the requirements of businesses and institutions are ongoing for the applied knowledge, achievement of which requires continuous increase of mobility of the students as well as teachers. Hence, this paper highlights the importance of completion in the education as a way for convergence and sustainable economic development.