Ectopic Breast Tissue Research Articles

Fibroadenoma arising in accessory breast tissue of the axilla: A rare case report

Axilla is the most common site for accessory breast tissue. Fibroadenoma is a very common benign lesion of breast but is not commonly found in accessory breast tissue. We report a case of fibroadenoma in a 19-year-old young unmarried girl who presented with a mobile swelling in left axilla since five months. The ipsilateral breast was normal. No FNAC was performed and excision biopsy was done and sent for histopathological examination which showed features of fibroadenoma. The most important clinical significance is that number of inflammatory, cystic and neoplastic diseases similar to those of a normal breast have also been reported in accessory breasts. For early detection of malignancy in the axilla, a vigilant self-examination and clinical assessment is required. Keywords: Fibroadenoma, Accessory breast, Ectopic breast tissue.

Fibroadenoma of Ectopic Breast Tissue in the Groin – A Rare Disease Entity

Abstract Introduction/Objective Ectopic breast tissue (EBT) is a well-documented anomaly of the breast and commonly presents along the embryonic milk line extending between the axilla and groin. Reported incidence of accessory breast is 0.4–6% in females. Pathologies developing in an EBT are reported as a rare entity in the literature. Carcinoma is reported as the common pathology followed by inflammation and fibroadenoma Methods We present a case of 43-year- old female who presented with a painless mass in her right groin for the past year which gradually increased in size. CT abdomen pelvis with contrast showed a 2.2 x 3.0 x 4.4 cm superficial soft tissue mass in the right groin which was suspected to be a lymph node. Further investigation and histopathological report of biopsy showed ectopic breast tissue with admixed chronic inflammation and reactive changes.However, excision of the mass three months later showed showed proloferation of both glandular and stromal elements. Results The tissue from the biopsy was positive for GATA 3, mammoglobin, GCDFP and CD 10 and the histological features on excision was confirmatory of fibroadenoma. Conclusion In conclusion, when tumors or nodules are found along the mammary line, the presence of breast tissue should be considered during the investigation. It is clinically wise to evaluate and screen carefully cases of supernumerary breast for any pathology and for any associated urogenital anomalies such as supernumerary kidneys, polycystic kidneys and renal cell adenocaricnoma. In our case, patient had no associated urogenital anomalies and she is on follow up.

Ectopic axillary breast cancer in a male patient.

Ectopic breast tissue can persist in the axilla due to lack of involution of mammary glands along the mammary lines. It is rare in men, and the malignant transformation to breast cancer has occasionally been described. Differential diagnosis of any axillary tumor should include breast cancer arising at ectopic sites.

Atypical Non-neoplastic Changes in Anogenital Mammary-like Glands Accompanying Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Long regarded as ectopic or supernumerary breast tissue, anogenital mammary-like glands (AGMLG) are now considered a normal constituent of the anogenital area. AGMLG are presumed to be the origin for various benign and malignant lesions. Changes in AGMLG compatible with usual ductal hyperplasia and atypical ductal hyperplasia considered as precursor lesions and its presence in specimens can be explained by their role in the pathogenesis of primary extramammary Paget disease. In this report, we presented four cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma accompanied by non-neoplastic atypical changes in ductal portions of AGMLG compatible with atypical ductal hyperplasia in breast adjacent to the carcinoma. This is a reactive phenomenon similar to that seen in apocrine/eccrine glands adjacent to squamous cell carcinoma. In a limited biopsy specimen, these areas should not be mistaken for adenocarcinoma.

Lesions of anogenital mammary-like glands: Four cases including novel pathologic and immunohistochemical observations

Anogenital mammary-like glands, formerly described as ectopic breast tissue, are currently considered to be normal histologic components of the anogenital region. Anogenital mammary-like glands can give rise to many lesions identical to counterparts in the native female breast. We describe four cases of such lesions, including fibroadenoma, gynecomastia-like hyperplasia, and ectopic mammary-type tissue with a spectrum of usual ductal hyperplasia, apocrine metaplasia, adenosis, and pseudolactational change. All four cases occurred in young women (ages 29–38) who presented with vulvar or perianal masses. Similar to previously reported cases, these lesions shared histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics identical to native female breast lesions. Novel findings in our cases included (1) the first case of gynecomastia-like change to be reported in the perianal area of a female, (2) Immunohistochemical staining identifying a 3-layered epithelium characterized by a population of CK14 and CK5/6 positive and hormone receptor negative superficial luminal cells, and (3) diffuse, strong positivity for GATA3 in all cases. Our study adds to the literature on these rare lesions and highlights findings which may be useful in understanding the pathogenesis and improving the diagnosis of anogenital mammary-like gland lesions.

Ectopic breast tissue of the vulva in a post-partum woman

Ectopic breast tissue of the vulva in a post-partum woman

Unexpected presentation of accessory breast cancer presenting as a subcutaneous mass at costal ridge: a case report

BackgroundDuring embryogenesis, bilateral thickening of ectoderm from anterior axillary folds to inguinal folds, called mammary ridges or milk lines, develops into breast tissues. Only a pair in the pectoral area is spared from regression and continuously develops into normal breasts. Accessory breasts can result if the regression process is incomplete. These ectopic breasts can change physiologically and pathologically similar to normal breasts. Unsurprisingly, they are capable of turning malignant. Reported cases show the most common area for accessory breast cancer to be the axillary area. We report a rare case of accessory breast cancer over the costal ridge.Case presentationWe present the case of a 51-year-old Asian woman who complained of an enlarged mass lower to her left breast developed over the period of 3 months while on contraceptive pills. Unaware that the mass could be an accessory breast, the primary doctor had prescribed oral contraceptives. After our patient had noticed that the mass was obviously growing, she decided to consult a surgeon as the mass continued to grow. Expected to be benign, the mass was investigated by ultrasonography and then excised surgically. A pathology report identified the mass to be a carcinoma of the ectopic breast tissue. However, sentinel lymph node biopsy showed no nodal metastasis of all four lymph nodes. Following surgery, she received chemotherapy, radiation, and antihormonal treatment. After 2 years of postoperative follow up, she remained free of disease.ConclusionsThis patient was diagnosed as having accessory breast cancer which presented with a subcutaneous mass. As this condition is exceptionally rare but curable by early treatments, we recommend surgeons to consider potential malignancy when patients present with a subcutaneous mass.

Tejido mamario ectópico activo en vulva en paciente posparto. Reporte de un caso

El tejido mamario ectópico (TME) ocurre en 0,3 a 6% de las mujeres y generalmente se localiza en la axila, pero también puede ser encontrado en la vulva. El diagnóstico a menudo ocurre cuando hay cambios hormonales que influyen en el crecimiento y desarrollo del tejido mamario. Generalmente, se recomienda la escisión debido a la sintomatología y al potencial maligno de este tejido ectópico. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 31 años de edad, grávida 1 para 1001 que fue evaluada por una masa vulvar indolora cuatro semanas después de un parto vaginal. Se realizó incisión, drenaje y biopsia de la masa, obteniendo 30 mL de líquido lechoso. El resultado de la biopsia reveló tejido mamario ectópico con cambios de lactancia. La paciente fue sometida a vulvectomía parcial simple que mostró cambios fibroquísticos y de lactancia en el tejido mamario de la vulva, sin atipia ni malignidad. Nuestro caso es un hallazgo raro de tejido mamario aberrante en una paciente posparto.

A rare case of Ductal carcinoma in situ in ectopic breast tissue in the vulva: A case report

Ectopic breast tissue can be found along the rudimentary mammary line, which extends from the axilla to the inguinal region and disappears during the process of embryogenesis. Like normal breast tissue, this ectopic tissue is prone for malignant transformation. Most of the reported cases were invasive ductal or lobular carcinomas however, only 2 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in ectopic breast tissue have been reported so far. Diagnosis and management of this rare pathological finding can be challenging. Here we report an interesting case of a 53-year lady with DCIS arising from ectopic breast tissue in the left vulva. The patient was diagnosed after surgical excision of a long standing painless left vulvar lesion. Only postoperative hormonal treatment in the form of tamoxifen was given without any evidence of disease recurrence after 3 years of follow up. We discuss the challenges faced during diagnosis and outline management options for this disease entity.

Bilateral axillary accessory breasts: A case report and literature review

Introduction. Accessory breast is a congenital anomaly where ectopic breast tissue is found at any place other than the normal location. It is an extra tissue or a fully developed breast with a nipple. The incidence of this malformation is 0.4-6%. It is believed that this congenital malformation is associated with incomplete regression of the primitive milk streak during embryonic development. The diagnosis and treatment of accessory breasts is very important, because an ectopic breast tissue can undergo various pathological changes, as well as the normal breast tissue. Case Report. The authors present a 45-year-old female patient who was referred to a surgeon by a general practitioner with a diagnosis of lipomas in both axillary regions. After clinical examination and additional imaging diagnostic procedures (ultrasound and mammography) accessory breasts were suspected. The patient underwent surgery and the accessory tissue was resected. The histopathological examination confirmed the clinical diagnosis of ectopic breasts without any pathological processes. Conclusion. Accessory breast is a rare congenital malformation and its early diagnosis and surgical removal should prevent development of different pathological processes, including breast cancer.

Ectopic breast tissue carcinoma—a case report

Background: Ectopic breast cancer is a rare entity and an important diagnostic and treatment challenge. Case Presentation: 46-year-old female with previous history of resection of ectopic axillary breast tissue who was referred to our Institution after a second resection following an increase in left axillary volume. Histology reported a ductal ectopic breast tissue carcinoma that invaded the deep layer of the dermis and was positive for estrogen and progesterone receptors and Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor-type 2. After being referred to our Institution, surgical margin re-excision and sentinel node biopsy were performed. The patient initiated hormone therapy and underwent adjuvant radiotherapy to the breast and axilla (50 Gy/25 fractions, in daily 2 Gy fractions with a 3D conformal radiation therapy technique) and boost with bolus to the axilla (to complete 60 Gy). She remains in follow-up, with no recurrence to date. Conclusion: A high index of suspicion is required for the timely diagnosis of this rare condition. Since there are no specific guidelines, treatment remains a challenge.

Fibroadenoma in Ectopic Breast Tissue of Axilla: A Rare Entity.

Fibroadenoma in Ectopic Breast Tissue of Axilla: A Rare Entity.

Fibroadenoma of ectopic breast tissue in chest wall: a rare case report and review of the literature

Fibroadenoma of ectopic breast tissue is a rare disease. Ectopuc breast tissues are found along milk line. Malignancy is more common than fibroadenoma in ectopic breast tissue. Ectopic breast tissue can be present with nipple or without nipple areola complex. Here we report a case of 20 years old patient having fibroadenoma of ectopic breast tissue in anterior chest wall without nipple areola complex. Patient underwent excision and biopsy. Histopathology confirmed it as fibroadenoma of the ectopic breast tissue. This case has been reported for its rarity and to reemphasise the importance of screening of EBT for any pathology during routine screening of breast.

Fibroadenoma of bilateral axillary ectopic breast tissue: A rare case report based on Orem’s Self Care theory

Introduction: Ectopic Breast Tissue (EBT) is still a condition seen as sporadic (2-5%), and it is often delayed and ignored due to lack of awareness, whereas it may be exposed to malignant diseases. it must be always kept in mind for differential diagnosis of an EBT. We think that this case report is important because EBT associated with fi bro-adenoma is a quiet rare condition.

Fibroadenoma of bilateral axillary ectopic breast tissue: A rare case report based on Orem’s Self Care theory

Fibroadenoma of bilateral axillary ectopic breast tissue: A rare case report based on Orem’s Self Care theory

An Unexpected Presentation of Male Breast Cancer in Ectopic Breast Tissue

An Unexpected Presentation of Male Breast Cancer in Ectopic Breast Tissue

Self-Resolving Vulvar Breast Tissue Arising in the Post-Partum Setting: A Case Report and Review of Literature

During the postpartum period, breast engorgement in preparation for lactation may trigger the onset of vulvar labial nodules that present with pain and discomfort. These labial nodules may originate from ectopic breast tissue and can rarely present in women during the postpartum period in the labia majora. A 37-year-old African American female, gravida 1 para 1, presented to the Loma Linda University Medical Center with complaints of new onset labial swelling worsening 6 days following her full term spontaneous vaginal delivery. Additionally, our respondent complained of difficulty breastfeeding due to intermittent lack of milk production. She reported bilateral breast engorgement with tenderness, despite frequent attempts at breastfeeding. The respondent's presentation did not meet the criteria for other common differentials due to the physical characteristics of the nodules. The location of the nodules along the milk line led physicians to believe that the respondent was presenting with engorged extra-mammary breast tissue in the labia majora. The participant was told to observe her course over the next few days as she began to have milk production and ejection. The respondent was seen in clinic for her 6-week postpartum visit, and was no longer complaining of difficulty with breastfeeding. The labial nodules had resolved spontaneously. A literature search yielded no case reports that described a case of an extra-mammary vulvar mass that self-resolved with resolution of breast engorgement. The infrequent presentation of extra-mammary vulvar tissue makes it difficult to conclude a guideline for diagnosis and management.

Bilateral Vulvar Ectopic Breast Tissue in a 38-Year-Old Woman Who is Breastfeeding: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Bilateral Vulvar Ectopic Breast Tissue in a 38-Year-Old Woman Who is Breastfeeding: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Ectopic axillary breast tissue appeared in pregnancy and revealed by ultrasound

Ectopic axillary breast tissue appeared in pregnancy and revealed by ultrasound

A rare case of fibroadenoma in ectopic breast tissue of axilla: case report

Developmental abnormalities of breast can lead to formation of ectopic breast tissue which may present as polymastia or polythelia or in form of swelling along the milk line. Ectopic breast tissue can also develop pathological changes similar to normal located breast tissue. This report is about a case of fibroadenoma developing in ectopic breast tissue of axilla. A thirty-four-year-old female presented with painful swelling in right axilla for 2 years and was diagnosed with fibroadenoma of axillary tail of right breast. Excision biopsy of the swelling confirmed the diagnosis of fibroadenoma. Fibroadenoma must be considered for any axillary swelling along with other differential diagnoses like lymphadenopathy, carcinoma arising from ectopic breast tissue, lipoma, sebaceous cyst, tuberculosis, vascular lesions, cutaneous malignancies or secondaries in lymph nodes. Ectopic breast tissue should be subjected to similar evaluation and screening as is recommended for normally located breast tissue. The patient should also be evaluated for possibility of kidney and urinary tract malformations.