Economic Development Planning Research Articles

Food miles on the shelves: the share of local food products in the Hungarian retail sector

Share of national food products in retail is a frequent subject of policy debates. Local food is often associated with national security, sustainability, and support of local economy, contributing to value-added production, employment, rural development, and preservation of local food culture. Despite its importance, relevant academic literature about the proportion of national food in retail is basically non-existent. This paper presents a unique study that fills this gap and gives an account of the proportion of the main national food products in the Hungarian retail sector. The study presents a comprehensive picture of the food supply situation of the 10 largest retail chains in Hungary in the second half of 2020 for 16 key product categories (representing 67% of total food sales in value in the country), based on the experience of research that covered the physical examination of nearly 40 thousand individual food products. The study found that 70.85% of the analysed food products were supplied by domestic companies. Proportion of national products was higher for fresh food (meat, milk, perishable meat and milk products, eggs, fruits, and vegetables) and honey, while imports were dominant in higher value-added categories. Domestic chains had 15.37% points more local products in stock than international ones. The exact results can be used for benchmarking between companies and sectors, indicating comparative advantages and disadvantages, and provide solid basis for economic development plans.

Development path of a modern rural power grid under dual carbon target based on data analysis

Abstract In China’s economic and social development planning, dual carbon goals and modern rural constructions have become new keywords. It is important to realize the green transformation of energy systems and complete the construction of a modern rural power grid based on data analysis under the guidance of dual carbon goals. Based on the systematic summary of the rural energy structure, this paper assesses the current situation of the scientific and technological development of rural power grids, analyzes the main problems faced by the development of rural power grids, and gives suggestions on the path of energy transformation and the path of rural power grid development. The results show that rural energy transformation plays an important role in the implementation of the dual carbon goals, and the relationship between the long-term and short-term goals of rural energy transformation, top-level design and differentiated development, government regulation and market forces, development stage and energy consumption expenditure must be handled well. In addition, as an important support, rural power grid enterprises should seize the opportunities brought by the construction of rural power grids under the dual carbon goals, make rural power a technology to be valued, and promote the further development of new energy-related technologies.

Coastal vulnerability assessment of the West African coast to flooding and erosion

Global coastal areas are at risk due to geomorphological issues, climate change-induced sea-level rise, and increasing human population, settlements, and socioeconomic activities. Here, the study examines the vulnerability of the West African (WA) coast using six satellite-derived geophysical variables and two key socioeconomic parameters as indicators of coastal vulnerability index (CVI). These geophysical and socioeconomic variables are integrated to develop a CVI for the WA coast. Then, the regional hotspots of vulnerability with the main indicators that could influence how the WA coast behaves and can be managed are identified. The results indicate that 64, 17 and 19% of WA coastal areas had high to very high CVI, moderate CVI, and low to very low CVI, respectively. The study reveals that while geophysical variables contribute to coastal vulnerability in WA, socioeconomic factors, particularly high population growth and unsustainable human development at the coast, play a considerably larger role. Some sections of the WA coast are more vulnerable and exposed than others, particularly those in the region's northwestern and Gulf of Guinea regions. Climate change and human presence may amplify the vulnerability in these vulnerable areas in the future. Hence, future coastal economic development plans should be based on a deep understanding of local natural conditions, resource status, and geophysical parameters to prevent negative coastal ecosystem transformation. It is also essential to establish a coastal management plan that would facilitate the development of desired actions and stimulate sustainable management of West African coastal areas.

Зміна парадигми поведінкової економіки: усунення бар’єрів, що перешкоджають поведінковим змінам

Socioeconomic development of society takes place under the constant influence of changes caused by scientific and technological progress, mechanisms of economic laws, cooperation and integration, world globalization processes, marketing strategies. Economic development plans are closely related to the State policy, changing demand for certain types of goods, products and services; further, requirements for their quality and value, provide for constant and timely identification of the reasons for deviation from the planned programs and the search for ways to eliminate them or make certain adjustments to achieve the set goal. The behavioral doctrine helps to understand how the characteristics of the human cognitive-psychological system affect economic decisions, and explains economic, social, environmental and other motives, makes it possible to form general principles of behavior of economic agents in market conditions. The aim of the article is to identify tendencies in the changing paradigm of behavioral economics and ways to eliminate barriers that hinder behavioral changes. In the process of conducting the study and presenting its results, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, generalization, concretization. The influence of positive and negative reactions on human behavior is considered. The tendencies of transformation of behavioral economics (from the origins of the 1950s to the present) are analyzed. The change of clusters is displayed. Discoveries in psychology and economics have enabled behaviorist economists to identify the factors that drive human behavior, breaking the scientific consensus. The features of the approach called the «model of «pathology of supporters» are defined. The internal (attitudes and beliefs; motivation and willpower; self-efficacy) and the external (social and physical environment; support systems) barriers influencing behavioral changes have been identified. A questionnaire is proposed to identify barriers to behavior change in order to minimize or completely eliminate them. Barriers are systematized into three key groups: physical (economic); social (psychological); knowledge barriers. Prospective areas for further research are the approbation of the proposed questionnaire to identify barriers in terms of target audiences.

Green GDP accounting system from the perspective of resources and environment and a case study of Chongqing

Abstract Green GDP represents the net positive effect of national economic growth. The positive effect of national economic growth will be enhanced if there is a higher percentage of green GDP in GDP. From the perspective of resources and environment, this paper introduces SEEA-2012 accounting system with indirect calculating methods of green GDP in China, within which the value of natural resource depletion, environmental pollution damage and environmental quality degradation are included. In order to reasonably select valid indicators and data so as to get accurate accounting results, different valuation methods and operational formulas in economics are adopted to construct a new accounting system model, and the green GDP of Chongqing City in 2018-2020 is accounted for. Results show that the green GDP of Chongqing in recent three years is 1,838.889 billion Yuan, 1,964.724 billion Yuan and 2,111.2 billion Yuan, respectively, and proportions of green GDP in traditional GDP are 90.30%, 91.01% and 89.44% respectively. By studying and analyzing the dependence of Chongqing on natural resources and the ecological environment in the process of economic development, this paper provides theoretical support for the sustainable development of the urban economy and environment, provides a reference basis for the local government to formulate economic development planning, and also provides a reference for the construction of green GDP accounting system in similar ecological areas.

ПРОЄКТНЕ ФІНАНСУВАННЯ В УМОВАХ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ “UKRAINE FACILITY PLAN”

In the context of the extensive destruction Ukraine has suffered as a result of the war, there is an acute shortage of funds for economic recovery. The assessment of damage, losses, and needs for the reconstruction and rebuilding of Ukraine is reflected in the updated World Bank report - Third Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment (RDNA3). The key tasks and goals for Ukraine's economic development are outlined in the Ukraine Facility Plan. Given this, the organizational, legal, and financial aspects of interaction with potential investors require greater attention in the implementation of the priorities set out in the Ukraine Facility Plan. This article is dedicated to studying the mechanism of project financing in Ukraine in the context of implementing the comprehensive economic development plan - Ukraine Facility Plan. It reveals the features of organizing the financing of projects with significant investments in the real sector of the economy. The article provides a list of organizations responsible for the development and implementation of the "Ukraine Facility Plan" at national and territorial levels, as well as those facilitating interaction with foreign investors. A list of contentious issues related to the imperfections of the current financial and legal mechanism, which may lead to potential conflicts of interest and risks in the process of interaction between participants in the investment process in Ukraine, is defined. Attention is drawn to the need to intensify work on supporting foreign investments at the state and regional levels. Given the high level of business risk in Ukraine, the mechanism for assessing and distributing risks among project participants requires greater attention. Based on the study of existing legislation, it is concluded that financial risks are the primary types of risks in the implementation of projects with significant investments in Ukraine. A list of World Bank Group instruments that can be used to protect the interests of investors in the implementation of large-scale investment projects in Ukraine is presented.

Quantitative analysis of the impact of port economic development on maritime logistics and supply chain efficiency

Abstract Entering the new century, the role of the ocean as a growth of regional economic development has become more prominent. This study focuses on the quantitative analysis of the impact of port economic development on the efficiency of maritime logistics and supply chain, using the synergy model to analyze multiple ordinal covariates of the port economy and naval logistics supply chain subsystems. And find out the optimal synergy matching degree between port economies and maritime logistics supply chain sub-systems among multiple ordinal covariates. Finally, X port is taken as a research case to demonstrate the coordination relationship between port economic development and the efficiency of the maritime logistics supply chain. The results show that from 2012 to 2023, the synergy value between the economy and the marine logistics supply chain of Port X shows a growing trend, and the level of synergistic development between the two is also increasing year by year. It shows that the synergy model constructed by the research can reflect the degree of synergistic development between the port’s economic development and the maritime logistics supply chain in a more comprehensive way and has general applicability. Meanwhile, the results of the study can provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of port logistics policy and regional economic development planning in the coastal economic zone.

The Situation and Perspectives of Local Economic Development in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Local economic development is the process through which local authorities, together with public organizations, non-governmental sector and enterprises, develop a better business environment. Modern policies of local economic development are taking on an increasingly equal role with the private sector, facilitating its development and management of business. Such policies are often developed in the form of partnerships between the public and private sectors, which aim to support private investment for the benefit of the entire social community.
 Local economic development has been a part of the development policy of Bosnia and Herzegovina for the last ten years. The strategic approach has enabled local communities to enter the reform processes and to adapt their capacities to the demands of the global market from the beginning.
 With the advent of new theoretical approaches, the foundations of the theoretical basis of local economic development were laid. The active role of the local community and the planning of economic development from the local level has enabled a different perspective and approach to the basic strategic directions of development of national economies in developed countries.

북한의 SDGs 달성을 위한 입법과 정책의 변화

North Korea is actively utilizing the SDGs as a means to emphasize the unfairness and contradictions of the U.S. and other U.N. sanctions, saying that they are hindering peace-making and global partnerships, including the promotion of the SDGs and development cooperation, and to inform the international community that they are threatening North Korea's survival in non-political areas such as energy, food, water and sanitation, and the climate crisis. Furthermore, by actively embracing the UN SDGs, the DPRK is emphasizing its image as a ‘normal country’ and a ‘moderate country’ by accepting universal norms and values of the international community, including the United Nations, and cooperating with the international community, and recognizing the SDGs as a key means to attract development cooperation from the international community. In other words, the DPRK is establishing an implementation system by linking the UN SDGs to the Kim Jong-un regime's mid- and long-term national development plans, including the National Development Strategy and National Plan. Analyzing the specifics of the linkages and understanding the implications of the North Korean regime's policies can have important implications for advancing inter-Korean relations in the future. North Korea's legislative and policy responses to the implementation of the SDGs, particularly in the area of climate and environment, have so far fallen far short of the 30-year target. Nevertheless, North Korea's diplomatic diversification strategy to actively deal with the prolonged sanctions and diplomatic isolation is centered on the United Nations. North Korea's internal development strategy is also seeking a new direction, and the five-year plan for national economic development established at the 8th Party Congress in January 2021 and the new third UNSF (2022-2026) are also clarifying its intention to implement the SDGs with the international community. Among them, the renewable energy and circular economy sectors are being promoted by North Korea with a very active and urgent will to fulfill the SDGs, which is seen as a way to overcome the internal and external economic difficulties faced by North Korea. In addition, the disaster response field due to the climate crisis is being promoted by the North Korean regime with all its might. Given the need for the United Nations to include integrated SDGs on the Korean Peninsula in the new third UNSF (2022-2026), it is time for North and South Korea to work together with the United Nations to implement the SDGs, and we believe that cooperative projects in the field of climate and environment will be a key driver.

The Economic and Social Impact of Domestic Migration on China's First-tier Cities: A Case Study of Beijing

As China's political, economic, and cultural epicenter, Beijing has naturally evolved into the primary destination for a considerable influx of people. This migration trend primarily includes the substantial growth of the economic floating population, which has had a profound and multifaceted impact on Beijing's economy and society. This paper undertakes a comprehensive examination of the effects brought about by the expanding floating population, taking into account both micro and macro perspectives. At the macro level, the rapid growth of the floating population has posed various challenges and opportunities for Beijing's economy. On the one hand, this influx of labor force has fueled the city's economic growth, particularly in industries like construction and services. On the other hand, it has placed significant strains on public services, housing, and transportation infrastructure, requiring extensive adjustments and investments from the government. From a micro perspective, this paper delves into the daily lives of the floating population. It explores how their migration experience shapes their employment patterns, social integration, and access to healthcare and education. By analyzing these individual-level dynamics, we gain insight into the broader implications for urban planning, social services, and policies aimed at promoting inclusive growth in Beijing. This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted influence of the floating population's growth on Beijing. Through this analysis, we can better appreciate the complex interplay between economic development, social integration, and urban planning in one of China's most dynamic and cosmopolitan cities.

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF ITALY IN THE XXI CENTURY

This article presents a comprehensive study of macroeconomic indicators that shape the trajectory of the Italian economy in the XXI century. In an effort to understand the complex interrelationships between key factors, the purpose of the study is to assess the aggregate impact of key indicators, including the poverty index, economic openness, foreign direct investment and persistent unemployment, on the Italian economic landscape. In particular, the research sheds light on the government's proactive measures to tackle the complex issue of unemployment, underlining the urgency of addressing this critical problem. The paper also examines the dynamics of Italy's balance of payments since its integration into the euro area, highlighting the country's key role in global markets. Italy's status as a major producer in sectors ranging from clothing and automobiles to renowned products such as wine and cheese underlines its importance as an attractive destination for international investment. This analysis aims to provide a detailed understanding of Italy's integration into the global economy and the consequences for its economic performance. The methodology applied in this study uses rigorous correlation and regression analysis. To address potential multicollinearity issues, three distinct models are proposed. These models offer a robust framework for economic interpretation by highlighting the complex interrelationships between different indicators. The study emphasises the key role of such indicators as public spending, economic openness, poverty index, labour force dynamics and gross fixed capital formation in shaping Italy's economic trajectory. The results of the analysis underline the importance of taking these indicators into account when developing future economic development plans for Italy. The key factors identified, including public expenditure, economic openness, the poverty index, labour force dynamics and gross fixed capital formation, have a significant impact on a country's gross domestic product (GDP) and GDP per capita. In terms of practical implementation, the study suggests that policymakers and stakeholders should prioritise these indicators when designing robust and sustainable economic strategies. Such practical implications of the research findings are necessary to guide Italy's economic development and ensure its continued leadership in a dynamic global market. The originality of this study lies in its holistic approach, which offers a comprehensive study of various macroeconomic factors. The proposed models significantly deepen the understanding of Italy's economic dynamics, making a valuable contribution to the academic discourse on this topic.

University-Industry Collaboration For Manpower Planning And The Challenges Of Economic Development

The development of manpower aimed at addressing the prevailing and future needs of a given society is a good reason for designing and structuring collaboration between universities and industries. Using a qualitative research design, this article explored the university-industry collaboration for manpower planning and the challenges of economic development in Nigeria. It looked at the concept of university education as a private and social investment that has a limitless rate of returns to both the individual recipient and the society. It also discussed the relationship between economic development and manpower development planning and highlighted that economic development which is a deliberate process of sustained quality improvement of the people requires proper planning, at the center of which is manpower development planning. Furthermore, the critical roles universities and industries in Nigeria have to play in producing the skills needed for industries and national development were also examined. These roles include producing high-level and middle level manpower in order to address socio-economic challenges, boosting the acquisition of skills to tackle the mismatch between skills of the available workforce and job vacancies, and championing ideas and innovations to facilitate access to new markets. The article suggested a number of strategic approaches to foster a stronger collaboration of universities with industry. These strategies include among others an establishment of a consultative process where the voice of relevant business managers is given adequate consideration in curriculum development in order to ensure that the academic programs of universities are tailored to the needs of the industries.

ADVANCED DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATIONS BASED ON LAG MODELS

Research and forecasting of time series based on models with lags is offered, as well as calculation of a reliable forecast based on data on birth rates in Ukraine. Economic modeling is one of the important modern tools for assessing the impact of technologies on the economic sector in order to obtain an optimal solution. Economic evaluations can be based on several different modeling approaches, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The relevance of the use of economic and mathematical models for the purpose of studying demography is connected with the need to study population and migration processes, as well as for further planning and implementation of the country's economic and social development. In every sphere of the economy, there are phenomena that are interesting and important to study in their development, as they evolve over time. Prices, economic conditions, industrial processes, and demographic data tend to change over time. The set of measurements of this kind of indicators depending on time is a time series. The goals of studying time series can be different. It is possible, for example, to try to predict the future on the basis of knowledge of the past, to control the process that generates the series, to try to find out the mechanism underlying the process, to clear the series of components that obscure its dynamics, or simply to briefly describe the characteristic features of the series. When studying the relationships between indicators or when analyzing their development over time, not only the current value of the variables, but also some previous values in time, as well as time itself, are used as explanatory variables. Models of this type are called dynamic. In economic analysis, dynamic models are used quite widely. This is quite natural, because in many cases the influence of some economic factors on others is not carried out immediately, but with some delay − a lag. The object of research is the mathematical model of the interdependence of the vector time series "Births in Ukraine for January 2005 − July 2012." The data are chosen quite relevantly, because without a preliminary demographic forecast it is impossible to imagine the prospects of industry and consumption of goods and services, housing construction, development of social infrastructure, health care and education, pension system and solutions to geopolitical problems.

The Analysis of Human Development in China

These few years, China has had specific developments in science and technology. In the 21st century, with the rapid development of science and technology, human happiness and quality of life have been rapidly improved, and infrastructure has also been rapidly built with the efforts of people and countries. However, there is a big difference between economic growth and economic development. Economic growth mainly measures the output of a region or a country, which is mainly reflected in the economic growth. Economic development is measured by many aspects, including human development, human happiness, sustainability and social fairness. In China, there are many plans based on economic development, and this idea is also accompanied by China's aging society. Based on the background of China's economic development plan and aging society, this paper will analyze the impact of the plan and the situation in China. China has done something about aging, the most typical of which is family planning. This plan played some role in the initial stage of implementation, but it could not maintain a long-term plan and could not guarantee the sustainability of a country's economic development. This paper put forward new opinions on the advantages and disadvantages of this policy.

Predicting Date Production in Iraq Using Recurrent Neural Networks RNN

Artificial intelligence methods play an important role in predicting future values of time series and thus help in setting economic and social development plans. The study aimed to predict the production of dates in Iraq using recurrent neural networks, based on the production of dates in Iraq for the period from 2002-2021. The appropriate prediction model was chosen based on the MSE, MAPE, and MAE error measures. Recurrent neural networks that used the TRAINBR training function and the Purlin function were adopted to predict the production of dates in Iraq, which gives the lowest error value for the MSE, MAPE, and MAE error measures.

Development communications through forum in participation and motivation of village communities in Indonesia

The public's perception of development in the era of digitalization and the current global village provides a motivational meaning for the participation of citizens as a whole and government administrators. This study aims to determine the perceptions and motivations of the community in village development meetings. The research approach used is descriptive-qualitative with narrative analysis based on the results of interviews with informants. The results of the study show that participating in development can provide motivation and obtain a common opinion that refers to the information conveyed by the leadership so that they are more enthusiastic about carrying out development. The motivation for community involvement places more emphasis on the decision-making process in community institutions—participation as a form of community emancipation in the process of involvement in infrastructure and economic development planning. The contribution of this research in theory can provide knowledge about the common perception of the community that deliberation is an effective model of communication in development communication.Recommendation: Subsequent research is on social construction regarding gender equality, village apparatus, and village institutions in the motivation of village development meetings.

The Economic Analysis of the Agricultural Industries: The Case of Indonesia

Background: Food is an essential thing in human activities. Therefore, it is said that agricultural sectors have a crucial role in human life. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the agricultural sector in the national economy of Indonesia. Method: The data used in this study are Indonesian input-output (IO) tables in 1990, 1995, and 2005. The analytical instrument of this research is IO analysis. This study uses more specific parts of the IO analysis such as simple household income multiplication, simple output multiplication, sensitivity distribution index, and power distribution index as analysis tools. The analysis of this research has a period of 1990-2005. In this study, the analyzed sectors are (1) paddy, (2) maize, (3) cassava, (4) other rootlcrops, including sweet potatoes, (5) groundnut, (6) soybeans, (7) other beans, (8) vegetables, (9) fruits, (10) cereals and other food crops, (11) rubber, (12) sugarcane, (13) coconut, (14) oil palm, (15) fibrelcrops, (16) tobacco, (17) coffee, (18) tea, (19) clove, (20) otherlestatelcrops, and (21) otherlagriculture. The first step of the methodology of this study is to describe the data, while the final step is to explain the study's conclusions and suggested further research. Results: The results show that, by using a simple output multiplier, the analyzed sectors did not include the top five Indonesian industries from 1990 through 2005. Conversely, one of the analyzed sectors, rubber, was admitted in the top five Indonesian industries in the period of the analysis from the point of view of another multiplier. Using both indices, almost all analyzed industries were consistent in the quadrant from 1990 through 2005. Conclusion: Indonesian government shall prioritize the rubber sector for the next economic development plans.

Analysis of the economic and environmental sustainability of the municipality of Cáceres-Pantanal, MT, Brazil

Cáceres plays a significant role in the Brazilian economy through animal production, boasting one of the country's largest concentrations of cattle. The economic sector uses environmental assets, a common property of society, using renewable and non-renewable resources. This affects the sustainability and competitiveness of the economic and environmental system. The analysis is done using systems ecology and emergy synthesis. First, a system diagram is constructed to organize the relationships between the ecological components. The second step consists of constructing the emergy synthesis calculation tables of the flows illustrated in the diagrams. Finally, emergy indices are calculated to summarize and relate the emergy flows of the economy with those of the environment. The findings indicate a minimal contribution from local energy sources, suggesting the necessity for greater recycling and integration in swine production. This work could be useful for the elaboration of public policies common to all municipalities that are part of the Pantanal region. Biodiversity, tourism, and the inclusion of protected areas in economic development planning can be important environmental assets for sustainability, social inclusion, and job creation.

Analysis of Potential Sectors in Tanimbar Islands Regency

Tanimbar Islands Regency, as one of the archipelagic regions in Indonesia, has rich economic potential. However, this potential has not been fully explored and utilized. The study of potential sector analysis in this district is important because it can provide a more in-depth view of economic opportunities that can be developed, contribute to local economic growth, and improve community welfare. This study aims to analyze potential sectors in Tanimbar Islands Regency. The main objective is to identify economic sectors that have potential for further development. In addition, this research also aims to understand the factors that influence economic potential in this district, as well as provide a baseline of information that can be used for future economic development planning. The research method involves collecting secondary data, such as economic statistical data, agricultural data, fisheries data, and other relevant data sources. Data analysis was conducted using statistical tools and economic data analysis techniques. In addition, the research also involved field surveys and interviews with local stakeholders to gain a deeper insight into potential sectors. The results of this study identified several potential sectors in Tanimbar Islands Regency, including agriculture, fisheries, tourism and human resource development. In addition, factors such as accessibility, infrastructure and capitalization also play an important role in the development of these sectors. With the right efforts, these sectors have the potential to contribute significantly to economic growth and improved welfare of the local community. The potential sector analysis study in Tanimbar Islands Regency highlights the economic opportunities that can be optimized to support the development of this area. By understanding the factors that influence economic potential, authorities can direct resources and development efforts more efficiently. By developing these potential sectors, it is expected to create employment opportunities, increase community income, and stimulate sustainable economic growth in Tanimbar Islands Regency.

Is There a Surplus of College Graduates in China? Exploring Strategies for Sustainable Employment of College Graduates

In 2019, China achieved a milestone in higher education with a gross enrollment rate surpassing 50%, signifying the internationally recognized phase of “universalization”. In 2023, the escalating number of college graduates amounted to 11.58 million, an increase of 0.8 million over the last year, reaching a new high in scale. Despite this remarkable progress, the employment rate of college graduates has remained low and stagnant over the past two decades. This paradox highlights the pressing need to address the employment challenges faced by a growing number of college graduates in China. The existing supply structure of college graduates, including education levels, academic disciplines, spatial distribution, and core competencies, is inconsistent with the demand structure of the labor market. This mismatch emphasizes the necessity for both the supply and demand sides to collaborate in resolving the college graduate employment problem. By advancing the industrial structure, optimizing the configuration of higher education, and fostering a culture of innovation, a harmonious integration of the higher education system with economic development, market demands, and long-term planning can be achieved. The strategies proposed in this study offer practical solutions to promote sustainable employment for college graduates in China.