Level Of Economic Development Research Articles

Green Development of Chinese Agriculture from the Perspective of Bidirectional Correlation

China’s agricultural green development exhibits spatial imbalances. To promote the coordinated green development of agriculture across various regions, this paper explores the evolution of spatial association networks and driving factors of agricultural green development from a bidirectional correlation perspective, using social network analysis and spatial econometric methods. This research indicates that China’s agricultural green efficiency has steadily improved, with a complex multi-threaded network structure. Although the spatial interaction and spillover effects of the overall network structure have increased, they remain relatively weak. The individual network structure shows significant regional imbalances. The spatial association network of agricultural green efficiency forms four major blocks, with sparse connections within the blocks but close connections between blocks, demonstrating strong spillover effects. Regarding the driving factors, the proportion of the primary industry, labor level, and R&D investment have significant spatial impacts, while the spatial impacts of human capital level, degree of openness, economic development level, and new quality productivity level are not significant. Therefore, we believe that it is necessary to establish the concept of coordinated green development in agriculture, fully leverage regional associations and spillover effects, and formulate differentiated policies to improve agricultural green efficiency.

Change in the sustainability of regional agricultural systems: based on an emergy decomposition analysis

Abstract In the context of rapid population growth and limited arable land resources, the agricultural system has to provide enough food in a sustainable way. Regional agricultural systems have good consistency in agricultural practices, management decisions, social economy, and climate, which is of great significance in ensuring food security. In this study, emergy analysis and the logarithmic mean divisia index method were integrated to construct an evaluation framework from the dimensions of socio-economic environment, resource environment, climate environment, and ecological environment. Then we evaluated and analyzed the changes in agricultural system sustainability from 1990 to 2019 in the mainstream of Liaohe River Basin, a typical agricultural basin in China. The results showed that the Emergy sustainability index (ESI) decreased from 0.17 to 0.14, and factors Δ Pt/Gt (social and economic development level), Δ G/I (agricultural economic benefits), and Δ Gt/G (economic structure) from the socio-economic environment dimension had the greatest impact on changes in ESI. Moreover, society and economy affected the factors in the resource environmental dimensions through the allocation of policies and resources, which in turn directly affected ESI. The influence of factors from the climatic environment and ecological environment weakens as the ability to manage agricultural systems increases. The research provided a reference for the planning and management of sustaining agricultural systems at a regional scale.

New approach to researching the development level of the creatosphere in human-centered economy in Russia

Objective: to develop conceptual provisions of human-centered economy by forming a new approach to the study of the creatosphere as a constituent element of the said economic system in order to develop its management. Methods: analysis, synthesis, content analysis, scheme of contradiction, linear scaling method, minimax normalization. Results: the characteristic of the creatosphere of the human-centered economy is revealed from the viewpoint of satisfying the individual’s needs in creativity; the creatosphere structure is analyzed as an element covering all spheres of the economic system under consideration; the model of homeostasis of the human-centered economy is developed through identifying its elements-opposites (on the one hand – natural and material spheres, services, social sphere, infosphere, digital and cognitive spheres, on the other hand – creatosphere), as well as the model of the basic resource (flow of ideas) and regulator (human needs); the predetermining role of the creatosphere in the development of the said economic system is outlined; the contradictions are revealed at the level of human-centered economy, the resolution of which contributes to the development of an individual and the economic system as a whole. Scientific novelty: it consists in the development of a methodology for assessing the creatosphere and testing it on the Russian subjects. Unlike those available in the literature, the methodology allows comprehensively assessing the creatosphere development as an element that affects the human-centered economy as a whole. The novelty consists also in defining a vector in the creatosphere management based on the formed approach to its research through the upscaling of best regional practices. Practical significance: the results of comprehension of the human-centered economy creatosphere through the scheme of contradictions may serve as a basis for further research in order to build a scientifically sound theory of the said economic system and to form directions for resolving the identified contradictions. The study results are the basis to further define the development level of the Russian human-centered economy in order to develop measures for its effective management.

Smart city construction impact on destination competitiveness: a time-varying difference-in-differences analysis of Chinese prefectural-level cities

Purpose This paper aims to analyze how smart city construction affects destination competitiveness and elucidates the potential mechanisms of digital economy. Also, the regional heterogeneity of smart city construction’s influence on destination competitiveness is discussed. Design/methodology/approach Given the quasi-natural experiment characteristics of China's smart city construction pilot, this study applies a time-varying difference-in-differences approach using a panel dataset of 272 Chinese prefectural-level cities to examine the causal effects of smart city construction on destination competitiveness. Findings Results indicate substantial enhancement of urban destination competitiveness from smart city construction, with this effect escalating annually. Digital infrastructure and digital finance serve as influence mechanisms. The positive impacts of smart city construction on urban tourism competitiveness do not differ by geographic location, rather there are significant differences between cities of different administrative levels. The impact of smart city construction on destination competitiveness is more significant in low administrative level cities. The improvement of economic development level and innovation ability helps to exert the positive impact of smart cities on tourism competitiveness. Originality/value This study constructs a new panel data set for smart city construction and destination competitiveness based on multi-source data and posits a theoretical linkage among smart city construction, digital economy and destination competitiveness. This paper provides invaluable insights on how to boost destination competitiveness by creating smart cities and leveraging the digital economy. Tourism sectors should proactively engage in smart city construction and foster the digital transformation of tourism.

Economic effects of shocks in the coal industry: An analysis based on DSGE model

This paper examines the impact of the coal sector on the economy from the perspective of industry shocks. Existing research primarily focuses on the relationship between coal consumption and the economy. An 8-sector dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model is constructed, based on China's input-output tables from 2005 to 2020, to depict the economic effects of coal sector shocks. The research findings are: (1) The DSGE model reveals a close connection between the coal industry and the macroeconomy. (2) The coal sector shocks have the largest impact on the electricity sector. (3) Coal sector shocks primarily affect the macroeconomy through non-energy manufacturing sectors. (4) As the economic development level increases, the influence of coal sector shocks on the macroeconomy gradually diminishes. The econometric analysis indicates that the role of coal is no longer significant in the high stage of economic development. The results of the panel quantile regression model also show the same result. Based on these conclusions, this paper suggests that as China gradually enters a new stage of development, it can gradually reduce coal consumption.

Analysis of Research Hot Spots in Chinese and International English Ecohydrological Literature

ABSTRACTTo enhance comprehension of current research progress in the field of ecohydrology and to provide valuable references for future related research, policy formulation and international collaboration, this article relies on ecohydrology‐related literature and citation records in four databases: China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Web of Science (WOS) and Elsevier, up until the end of 2022. We use publication and citation trends analysis along with keyword hotspot analysis using VOS viewer to investigate publication and citation trends in Chinese and English literature. The study systematically analyse the process of keyword changes and research hotspots in Chinese and international English literature, providing a detailed explanation of the differences in research hotspots and the reasons for their formation. The research indicates that since the inception of the term ‘ecohydrology’, relevant literature has displayed sluggish growth alongside rapid development. Additionally, alterations in primary keywords have differed between Chinese and English literature over time. However, ‘groundwater’ has consistently retained a significant amount of attention within Chinese literature. Groundwater has been extensively studied in Chinese literature, with a particular focus on eco‐hydrological processes, their effects, modelling and techniques. Similarly, English language literature is abundant with keywords denoting pivotal concepts like the environment, hydrology, fauna and rivers. These areas have been the focal points of research for international scholars. Regional characteristics, ecological conditions, economic development level and scientific research priorities, among other factors, are all significant contributors to the development of the field of ecohydrology. Differences in research hotspots can also be attributed to geographical characteristics, ecological environment conditions and scientific research priorities. Over the past decade, there has been a gradual convergence in research between Chinese and English literature. The current hotspots of research in ecohydrology include basic research, theoretical applications and adaptive wide‐area mechanistic research. In the future, the discipline of ecohydrology is likely to face numerous challenges and opportunities related to climate change, resource management, and societal needs. Interdisciplinary collaboration, technological innovation and global cooperation will continue to drive breakthroughs in ecohydrology research.

Study on how the digital economy affects urban carbon emissions

The digital economy is crucial in advancing an economically sustainable and low-carbon future and plays a key role in achieving carbon neutrality and carbon peaking. We measured the digital economy development level of each prefecture-level city in China form 2011to 2019, then investigated the impact of on carbon emissions and its mechanism using the panel fixed effects model and the spatial Durbin model. Our results indicated that: Firstly, an inverted U-shaped relationship had been observed between the impact of digital economy on carbon emissions, which increased and then decreased, and this result was again verified by a threshold regression. Secondly, there was a nonlinear relationship between digital economy and green innovation and the digital economy had an indirect effect on carbon emissions through green innovation. Thirdly, the influence of digital economy on carbon emissions in the area followed an inverted U-shaped relationship that stimulated initially and then restrained, with spatial spillover effects. Fourth, the heterogeneity analysis found that digital economy had a greater emission reduction effect in areas east of the "Hu Huanyong line" and in in cities without resources. The conclusions provide new highlights on the relationship between digital economy and carbon emissions, along with policy recommendations for attaining the objectives of peak carbon and carbon-neutral strategies.

Asymmetric fiscal policies and digital economy development: An empirical analysis based on the global digital value chain perspective

The indicator system for evaluating the development level of the digital economy is multidimensional and dynamic. Accurate and scientific evaluation of the digital economy's development level is crucial. This study, based on the characteristics of the digital economy's development stages, evaluates the value creation dimension of the digital economy from the perspective of the global digital value chain. Additionally, it considers the access and usage dimensions to construct a comprehensive indicator system for evaluating the global digital economy development level. The results reveal significant disparities in digital economy development between countries, but also show that some developing countries have experienced rapid improvements in their digital economy development levels. In theoretical and empirical research, this paper utilizes the Barro Rule and the Cobb-Douglas production function, employing mathematical derivations combined with empirical regression analysis to explore the relationship and mechanisms between asymmetric fiscal policies and digital economy development during economic downturns. It finds that in the new era of the digital economy, governments often implement proactive asymmetric fiscal expenditure policies during downturns. Continuously promoting the development levels of national digital economies is an important mechanism for forming these characteristics of fiscal expenditures. Finally, this study proposes relevant policy recommendations, enriching academic research and policy discussions in the fields of financial fiscal policy and digital economy development.

How does off-farm work experience motivate rural residents’ agricultural entrepreneurial intentions in China?

ABSTRACT China’s rural vitalization is a major task in promoting common prosperity, but rural brain drain is one of the main obstacles. However, arousing enthusiasm for agricultural entrepreneurship and promoting agricultural industry development remains under-analysed. Using data from 3987 rural residents in China, this article theoretically analyses how rural residents’ off-farm work experience (OWE) affects their agricultural entrepreneurial intentions (AEI). Dealing with endogeneity problems, the empirical results with IV-Probit model show that rural residents’ OWE positively influences their AEI. Mechanism analysis revealed that local social capital and formal financial cognition promote their OWE. The heterogeneity analysis indicated that the effects of OWE on AEI are more significant in counties with lower economic development or higher social welfare levels. Furthermore, OWE particularly affects opportunity-based and outside-village AEI. The results imply that: First, the government should strengthen the county-level entrepreneurial environment, especially in lower development regions. Second, encourage good village governance benefits for AEI. Third, government and financial apartments should broaden formal finance to help rural residents with OWE engage in agricultural entrepreneurial activities.

Do factor market distortions inhibit the green innovation efficiency of the manufacturing industry? A mechanism and heterogeneity

Correcting factor market distortions is an important means of improving the green innovation efficiency (GIE) of the manufacturing industry. Based on 2005–2019 panel data from 30 Chinese provinces, this study uses the system generalized method of moments model to explore the impact of such distortions on the GIE of the manufacturing industry. The results indicate that these distortions significantly inhibit the improvement of the GIE of the manufacturing industry and that the capital factor market distortion (DistC) has a greater inhibitory impact on the GIE than the labor factor market distortion (DistL). Effective government intervention can alleviate capital and labor factor market distortions, thus promoting the GIE of the manufacturing industry. This finding is consistent with our results obtained under the influence of the level of economic development. The influence of DistC and DistL on GIE is regionally heterogeneous.

Research on the influencing factors of housing price based on multiple linear regression and random forest

This paper aims to use multiple linear regression model and random forest models to analyze and study the factors affecting the housing price in Boston. The multiple linear regression model describes the relationship between multiple independent variables and one dependent variable through linear equations, and the random forest improves the accuracy and robustness by constructing multiple decision trees and combining their prediction results. To deal with complex nonlinear relationships and high dimensional data. Housing price is an important index to reflect the level and condition of economic and social development of a region, so it is of theoretical value and practical significance to explore its influencing factors and ways and degrees. Multiple factors are selected to analyze the weight and importance of each influencing factor, so as to help the government and decision makers to formulate more accurate policies, promote the stable development of the market, and provide scientific decision-making support for real estate developers, investors and ordinary buyers. In this study, the random forest model based on decision tree was used to clean, select and reduce the acquired housing price data, and to find out the main factors affecting housing price from the perspective of information gain, so as to obtain a relatively complete mathematical model and provide a reference scheme for future research by scholars.

Can health promotion facilitate development in fragile states?: An instrumental variable estimation with panel data

ABSTRACT Despite the potential role of health being recognised for more than a decade in fragile contexts, there are still gaps in understanding the possible paths towards peace. Particularly, current literature on health and development presents limitations, including insufficient evidence, a lack of thorough consideration for fragility and tensions between humanitarian and developmental approaches. Building upon prior discussions and limitations, this study aims to investigate the association between health indicators and the levels of economic and human development, employing panel data of 60 fragile states covering the years 1995–2021. Seven health outcome measures and three proxy measures for economic and human developments, including GDP per capita and Human Development Index with and without inequality adjustment, are employed in instrumental variable estimation. The analysis shows a positive association between the development measures and corresponding health indicators. These results suggest that promoting the health of the people, particularly among marginalised groups such as pregnant women and children, not only has the potential to protect them but also to facilitate economic and human developments of the fragile states. There is a need for approaching with people-centred and human capability perspectives to achieve the goal of ‘Health and Peace for All’.

Treating the Symptoms as Well as the Root Causes: How the Digital Economy Can Mitigate the Negative Impacts of Land Resource Mismatches on Urban Ecological Resilience

In the era of the digital economy (DE), the traditional economic growth paradigm is no longer applicable. To explore whether the DE can improve the urban ecological problems left behind by rough economic growth, this study examines the effects of land resource mismatch (LRM) on urban ecological resilience (UER) and evaluates the mitigating influence of the DE. This analysis utilizes data from 280 prefectural-level cities in China over the period from 2007 to 2021 and reveals that LRM significantly undermines UER, with this conclusion remaining robust across a series of tests. Additionally, the detrimental impact of LRM on UER is more pronounced in megacities, cities with high levels of economic development, and those with a lower degree of advanced industrial structure. In further analysis, this study finds that the digital economy can optimize the allocation of land resources, thereby enhancing urban ecological resilience, which has the effect of “treating the root causes”. In addition, digital government and digital infrastructure, as key elements of the digital economy, also mitigate the negative impacts of land resource misallocation on urban ecological resilience, having the effect of “treating the symptoms”. Finally, this study proposes policy suggestions such as optimizing ecological layout, deepening land reform, and promoting digital government and infrastructure construction to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for local governments to enhance UER and help build a new model of greener, more resilient, and sustainable urban development.

Potensi Pengembangan Ekonomi Kreatif dan Tantangan UMKM di Desa Cepokomulyo

The creative economy is a concept for realizing sustainable economic development based on creativity. Improving the welfare and prosperity of society in a country is very dependent on the level of economic development. Developing a village economy means making the village economy independent. Cepokomulyo Village is a village with an area that is mostly agricultural land and local crafts that have the potential to be marketed more widely. This makes it easier for people to explore economic potential through abundant fertile land to fulfill their daily activities. However, this potential has not been fully developed optimally due to limited infrastructure, human resources and market access. With this, KKN UIN Walisongo Semarang students play a role in empowering MSMEs to increase and disseminate the economic potential that exists in Cepokomulyo Village by carrying out several activities including holding educational seminars related to digitalization by inviting speakers who are experts in their fields to increase community insight into the economic and digital fields. marketing, providing skills training through processing village agricultural products, as well as helping to build marketing networks. This research uses qualitative research methods through primary and secondary data collection. Meanwhile, the subjects of this research are MSMEs in Cepokomulyo Village. It is hoped that the MSME development empowerment program will have an impact on effective and productive sales, higher quality, and products that can be recognized by all groups in order to compete at national and international levels, provide motivation to the community, and reach wider marketing reach.

Spatial and Temporal Evolution Characteristics of Carbon Emission from Land Use and Influencing Factors in Gansu Province

Land ecosystems are the largest carbon sink in the world, and land use change is one of the main factors leading to regional carbon emissions. By studying the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of land use carbon emissions in Gansu Province from 2000 to 2020, this research aimed to provide a scientific basis and reference for promoting low-carbon land use and low-carbon economic development in Gansu Province. Using land use data and the greenhouse gas emission coefficient method, the study analyzed the growth trend of land use carbon emissions at the city-regional scale in Gansu Province, and the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics at the provincial scale, and identified the controlling factors through principal component analysis. The results showed that： ① From 2000 to 2020, land use carbon emissions in Gansu Province showed an overall increasing trend, from 24.289 3 million tons to 57.739 6 million tons. The first stage from 2000 to 2014 was a significant increase period, whereas the second stage from 2014 to 2020 was a stable and slightly decreasing period. Construction land was the main carbon source, and the carbon intensity continued to increase. ② Spatially, there was an "east high, west low" pattern, with carbon emissions in the eastern part of the province significantly higher than those in the western part. ③ Based on emission characteristics, Gansu Province could be divided into five types of carbon emission zones： slow growth, relatively slow growth, moderate growth, relatively fast growth, and rapid growth. ④ The main reasons for the continuous increase in land use carbon emissions in Gansu Province were economic development level, degree of land use, and energy consumption.

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Differences and Influencing Factors of Land Use Carbon Emissions in Ningxia

Analyzing the spatiotemporal differences in land use carbon emissions systematically and exploring their influencing factors for the rational allocation of land resources is of great importance and promoting collaborative emission reduction in this region. Based on the calculation of land use carbon emissions in Ningxia and its prefecture-level cities from 2000 to 2021, the regional differences in carbon emissions, economic efficiency, and carbon sink capacity were reflected through the difference index, carbon emission intensity, economic contribution rate, and carbon sink ecological carrying capacity. The results were as follows： ① From 2000 to 2021, the land use carbon emissions in Ningxia showed a significant increase by 110 919 400 t. Construction land was the main carbon source land, accounting for 99.57% of the total carbon emissions in 2021, and forest land was the main type of carbon absorption, accounting for 79.22% of the total carbon absorption in 2021. ② During the research period, the carbon emission difference among prefecture-level cities showed a trend of first rising and then slightly falling, with the gap reaching the maximum in 2016. ③ Although the overall difference in carbon emission intensity among prefecture-level cities showed a trend of narrowing and convergence, the economic contribution coefficient and carbon sink ecological carrying coefficient had significant differences, and the economic contribution rate and carbon emission contribution rate were both in a relatively unbalanced state, with obvious regional differences. ④ Land use carbon emission intensity, land use structure, economic development level, and population all played a promoting role in land use carbon emission, with contribution rates of 56.48%, 41.27%, 85.20%, and 9.29%, respectively. The contribution value of land use carbon intensity per unit GDP was negative, which inhibited the increase of land use carbon emission.

Spatial correlation network and influencing factors analysis of supply efficiency of basic public service (SEBPS) in rust belt regions of China: An empirical study from Northeast China

Equalizing basic public service is crucial for achieving social fairness and justice. Promoting the improvement of public service can be achieved through the improvement of supply efficiency and cross-regional coordinated development. We employed the Super-SBM model, modified gravity model, and social network analysis method to empirically study the spatial correlation network characteristics of supply efficiency of basic public service (SEBPS) based on the data of 34 prefecture-level cities in the three provinces of Northeastern China from 2011 to 2020. The results revealed the overall efficiency of SEBPS in the study area is relatively low, and the supply efficiency is polarized. There is significant non-equilibrium between regions, and the regional difference moment gradually expands over time. There exists a strong spatial correlation between SEBPS in each city, and the overall correlation effect is weak but the network stability has improved. Each city had different roles and statuses in the spatial correlation network, creating a hierarchical structure. The level of geospatial proximity had a positive impact on the spatial correlation and spillover of the network. The level of economic development and infrastructure configuration hurt the network, and there is obvious heterogeneity between cities. The differences in industrial structure, opening up level, urbanization level, population density, the level of fiscal decentralization and technological innovation and personal income level among cities affected the SEBPS network. This study not only provides a new network research perspective and theoretical foundation for public service policies in China's rust belt region but also serves as a reference for urban development in similar regions.

The Coupling and Coordination Between Digital Economy and Green Economy: Evidence from China

ABSTRACT This paper tries to empirically calculate the coupling and coordinate degree between digital economy and green economy by utilizing the data for 28 Chinese provinces from 2015 to 2020 via coupling coordination model. Specifically, we measure the development level of digital economy and green economy by utilizing the entropy weight method, which supports that while the digital economy and green economy increases quickly among all sample provinces, there exists problem of digital divide among different regions and the speed of digital economy is higher than that of green economy. Additionally, we calculated the degree of coupling and coordination between digital economy and green economy, which suggests that coordination and coupling between digital economy and green economy experiences sharp increase. Finally, we also investigated the regional heterogeneity for the coupling and coordination between such two factors and offered that while the absolute level of coupling and coordination between digital economy and green economy in western and eastern regions is lower than that in eastern regions, its growth rate is higher in western and eastern regions than that in eastern regions.

Spatiotemporal evolution in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau in 2000–2020

Assessing the sustainable development level of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) is of great significance for China’s sustainable development. With rich natural resources, a fragile ecological environment, and a relatively low level of economic development, the QTP is typical of regions in China where conflict between socio-economic development and environmental protection is prominent. However, there is a lack of assessment of spatiotemporal progress in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the QTP. To address this gap in knowledge, cluster analysis was used to quantitatively assess spatiotemporal changes in SDG indicators and sustainable development levels in different counties of the QTP from 2000 to 2020. The results show that the sustainable development level of the QTP is increasing; the growth rate of the sustainable development in 2010–2020 was three times that of 2000–2010. The level of sustainable development in the eastern region is significantly higher than that in the western region. However, while the level of sustainable environmental development is high, the levels of sustainable social and economic development remain low. Certain factors, including precipitation, slope, population density, and cultivated area, are strongly positively correlated with the sustainable development of the QTP. The findings of our study can serve as a valuable reference for other jurisdictions seeking to evaluate their evolution towards the SDGs.

Digital economy and the medical and health service supply in China.

The impact of the digital economy on the healthcare sector is becoming increasingly profound. This article focuses on the relationship between the development of China's digital economy and medical and health services supply. Based on panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2021, the CRITIC weight method was applied to measure the supply capacity of medical and health services and the level of digital economy development, and the kernel density estimation method and Dagum Gini coefficient method was used to characterize the evolutionary trends and regional differences. Additionally, a two-way fixed-effects model is adopted to investigate the impact of digital economy development on medical and health services supply. The results show that both the supply capacity of healthcare services and the level of digital economy development have been increasing continuously in terms of evolutionary trends. From the perspective of regional differences, compared to the supply level of healthcare services, the regional differences in digital economy development are more significant. The intra-regional differences in medical and health services supply are greater than the inter-regional differences, while the development of the digital economy exhibits the opposite trend. The findings of this paper provide supports for China to enhance the development level of digital economy and improve supply of medical and health service.