Ecological Environment Problems Research Articles

INTEGRASI PENGETAHUAN LINGKUNGAN, SISTEM KERJA KINERJA TINGGI HIJAU, DAN GREEN AMIDEXTERITY TERHADAP KINERJA LINGKUNGAN UKM DI TALAUD

This study examines the effect of Environmental Knowledge Integratoin (EKI), Green High Performance Work System (GHPWS), Green Ambidexterity (GA) on Environmental Performance (EP) in SMEs in Talaud. Where the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Environmental Knowledge Integration (EKI), Green High Performance Work System (GHPWS), Green Ambidexterity (GA) on Environmental Performance (EP) in SMEs and assist SMEs in dealing with emerging ecological environmental problems. By distributing questionnaires to employees working in SMEs in Talaud and collecting 120 responses from the survey conducted. From the survey and data processing, this research found that Environmental Knowledge Integration (EKI) does not have to reflect stakeholder pressure but is a proactive action in reducing sustainability issues in increasing Environmental Performance (EP), and in this case the Green High Performance Work System (GHPWS). ) Required to acquire, develop, and retain employees to bring the belief in green values into the workforce. The practice of the Green High Performance Work System (GHPWS) greatly assists SMEs in the process of training, recruitment, selection, evaluation of compensation performance and even employee participation policies as well as for maintaining green processes and product innovation where this can improve Environmental Performance (EP). 
 Kata Kunci: Environmental Knowledge Integratoin; Green HighPerformance Work System; Green Ambidexterity; Environmental Performance.

Infiltration Approach of Green Environmental Protection Education in the View of Sustainable Development

In today’s world, global ecological environment problems are increasingly serious, and human beings have gradually realized the importance of protecting the ecological environment. With the continuous deepening of the concept of sustainable development, the concept of green education has also aroused great attention in the education sector; moreover, its concept has gradually been applied to education and teaching. However, there are many problems in the application of green education. For example, the current green education system is not sound, the importance of green education in schools is not obvious, and there is no effective green teacher training program. In order to improve the current application of green education, this paper proposes to integrate the concept of sustainable development into the teaching of green environmental protection education. Through the construction of a sound green education system and green education classrooms, green ecological ideas would thus be infiltrated into many aspects of education and teaching. Due to the uneven distribution of educational resources in many regions, the quality of education in these regions is also uneven. In order to improve this situation, this paper also constructs an educational resource distribution model. Furthermore, this paper also analyzes the educational resource allocation model by using a differential evolution algorithm. From the experimental results, under the algorithm in this paper, the average student–teacher ratio of each county was 4.93, and the average number of books per student was 38.92. The average running time of teacher resources and book resources allocated by the model was found to be 1.47 s and 1.39 s, respectively. Under the traditional algorithm, the average student–teacher ratio in each county was 5.93, and the average number of books per student in each county was 31.8. The average running time of teacher resources and book resources allocated by the model was 2.36 s and 2.58 s, respectively. It can be seen from the above data that the algorithm in this paper can effectively optimize the allocation rationality of the educational resource allocation model and shorten the running time of resource allocation.

A Hybrid Coupled Model for Groundwater-Level Simulation and Prediction: A Case Study of Yancheng City in Eastern China

The over-exploitation of groundwater has led to a significant drop in groundwater levels, which may lead to a series of geological disasters and ecological environmental problems such as ground subsidence and ground cracks. Therefore, through studying the dynamic change characteristics of groundwater, we can grasp the dynamic changes in groundwater level over time and invert the hydrogeological parameters, which provides an important basis for the management of groundwater resources. In this study, the confined aquifer III groundwater between 2005 and 2014 in Yancheng City was selected as the research object, and the Back Propagation (BP) neural network, Spatial-temporal Auto Regressive and Moving Average (STARMA) model, and BP-STARMA model were used to predict the spatial and temporal evolution trends of groundwater. In order to compare the prediction effectiveness of the BP-STARMA model, the fitting and prediction accuracies of the three models were measured from the perspectives of time and space. The results of the Relative Squared Error (RSE), Normal Mean Squared Error (NMSE), Root-Mean-Squared Error (RMSE), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) were used to assess the robustness of the BP-STARMA model. The results showed that the fitting of the RMSE of BP-STARMA model was reduced by 39.92%, 38.35%, 30.25%, 31.55%, and 13.57% compared with the STARMA model, and by 22.2%, 8.7%, 15.9%, 28.5%, and 4.42% compared with the BP neural network model, respectively. Collectively, this shows that the BP-STARMA model has a better spatiotemporal prediction of groundwater level than the STARMA and BP neural network models, is more applicable to spatially continuous time-discrete spatiotemporal sequences, and is more applicable to spatiotemporal sequences that respond to natural geographic phenomena.

The structure changes of microbial food web during the culture of grass carp larvae

The microbial food web, including phytoplankton, microzooplankton and bacteria, is an important part of the aquatic ecosystem. Microplankton are the natural bait of larvae, and larvae are influenced by microbiota. However, little is known about the functions of microbial food web in fish culture pond. In the present study, we investigated the dynamic changes of microbial food web in grass carp larvae culture ponds, then measured the grazing relationship among mesozooplankton, microzooplankton and phytoplankton, and further explored the relationship between the aquatic bacteria in culture pond and the intestine bacteria in grass carp larvae. Firstly, the density of phytoplankton was lowest while zooplankton was highest on day 3 of larvae culture. The grazing experiments indicated that the grazing capacity of zooplankton decreased on phytoplankton, while the grazing capacity of mesozooplankton increased on microzooplankton with culture time. Secondly, aquatic bacterial diversity increased with culture time when plankton changed. Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant bacteria in water. Finally, the species increased and abundance decreased in dominant bacteria of larvae intestine with culture time. The larvae intestinal microbiota exceeded the aquatic microbiota in terms of bacterial diversity on day 7 of larvae culture. And the similarity between the microbiota of the intestine and aquaculture water increased with culture time. Therefore, microbial food web affected the intestinal microbiota of larvae. These results provide a primary investigation into the structural changes of microbial food web in grass carp larvae culture ponds, and may help us to solve the problems of ecological environment and larvae culture.

Economic Loss and Financial Risk Assessment of Ecological Environment Caused by Environmental Pollution under Big Data

With the proposal of the sustainable scientific development concept, the ecological environment problem has been paid more and more attention, and the economic loss and financial risk assessment work caused by environmental pollution is even more urgent. On the one hand, financial growth is an important reason for the decline of environmental quality; on the other hand, the change of environmental quality and the increase in pollution discharge also have counterforces to financial growth. Through big data technology, this paper established the basic steps of economic loss cost and risk assessment and provided quantifiable index information for the realization of ecological environment big data early warning. An improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed in this paper. By checking the consistency of the judgment matrix in combination with the actual situation, it is possible to accurately analyze the degree of environmental protection for sustained economic growth, and to objectively understand the degree of financial risk. The experimental results of this paper showed that the evaluation accuracy of the improved AHP was higher. Before the improved method was used, most of the high-risk factor weights and rankings were still in the high-risk range. The results of the consistency verification of risk criteria and risk factors showed that the consistency test of each level was less than 0.1. The risk factors are classified into the high-risk factor group (50%). The impact of the air pollution category had increased from fifth place in the fuzzy AHP to the first place in the AHP risk ranking, and the risk of water pollution category dropped from the 19th medium risk in the fuzzy AHP to the 12th medium risk in the AHP. It can be seen that the weights and rankings evaluated by the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process were more in line with the actual market conditions.

Ecological Environmental Quality in China: Spatial and Temporal Characteristics, Regional Differences, and Internal Transmission Mechanisms

In recent years, ecological environmental problems such as the greenhouse effect, soil erosion, climate change, and biodiversity reduction have become more and more salient, and ecological environmental quality has gradually become a research hotspot. This paper constructs an index system for evaluating ecological environment quality based on the pressure–state–response (PSR) model, which contains three elemental layers, natural resources, ecological environment, and government inputs, measures the ecological environment quality index by using the “vertical and horizontal layer by layer” scatter degree method, and discusses the spatial and temporal evolution trends of ecological environment quality in each province and six regions in China during 2005–2020. This paper further measures the regional ecological environment quality differences by using the Thiel index and analyzes the transmission mechanism within the pressure–state–response model by using the mediation models. The results show that the ecological environment quality of all Chinese provinces and six regions has improved significantly during the period under study, the response system and state system scores have improved significantly, the unbalanced development of ecological environment quality within north China has improved the most, and there are significant direct and mediation effects among the subsystems within the ecological environment quality with high system transmission efficiency. Therefore, the government should improve the quality of the ecological environment by seeking cross-provincial linkage development, improving the level of pollution control, and formulating relevant standards and laws and regulations.

Effects of dynamic changes of desiccation cracks on preferential flow: experimental investigation and numerical modeling

Abstract. Preferential flow induced by desiccation cracks (PF-DC) has been proven to be an important hydrological effect that could cause various geotechnical engineering and ecological environment problems. Investigation on the PF-DC remains a great challenge due to the soil shrinking–swelling behavior. This work presents an experimental and numerical study of the PF-DC considering the dynamic changes of desiccation cracks. A soil column test was conducted under wetting–drying cycles to investigate the dynamic changes of desiccation cracks and their hydrological response. The ratios between the crack area and soil matrix area (crack ratio), crack aperture and depth were measured. The soil water content, matrix suction and water drainage were monitored. A new dynamic dual-permeability preferential flow model (DPMDy) was developed, which includes physically consistent functions in describing the variation of both porosity and hydraulic conductivity in crack and matrix domains. Its performance was compared to the single-domain model (SDM) and rigid dual-permeability model (DPM) with fixed crack ratio and hydraulic conductivity. The experimental results showed that the maximum crack ratio and aperture decreased when the evaporation intensity was excessively raised. The self-closure phenomenon of cracks and increased surficial water content was observed during low-evaporation periods. The simulation results showed that the matrix evaporation modeled by the DPMDy is lower than that of the SDM and DPM, but its crack evaporation is the highest. Compared to the DPM, the DPMDy simulated a faster pressure head building-up process in the crack domain and higher water exchange rates from the crack to the matrix domain during rainfall. Using a fixed crack ratio in the DPM, whether it is the maximum or the average value from the experiment data, will overestimate the infiltration fluxes of PF-DC but underestimate its contribution to the matrix domain. In conclusion, the DPMDy better described the underlying physics involving crack evolution and hydrological response with respect to the SDM and DPM. Further improvement of the DPMDy should focus on the hysteresis effect of the soil water retention curve and soil deformation during wetting–drying cycles.

Research on the application of electrode materials for batteries

In the world, ecological environment and energy problems seriously restrict the sustainable development of each country and society. Therefore, it is essential to eliminate fossil energy dependence and develop and utilise new energy, especially in electric vehicles. This requires the use of secondary batteries to achieve efficient energy storage. In this paper, several potential energy storage technologies Ni-HM, Li-ion and PEMFC, are compared, and the application prospect, existing problems and the primary performance of these three battery technologies are analysed. This paper examines the standard preparation technology, reaction mechanism, background and advantages and disadvantages of these three kinds of batteries. Then the problems faced by the application of these three battery technologies, including specific energy, energy density, specific power, energy storage cost, cycle life, energy efficiency, safety, etc., are analysed, and through the main performance comparison of these three battery technologies, to provide a new idea in the battery area. Through the analysis and comparison of these batteries, the Li-ion battery has the greatest all-around performance, so it is also the optimal solution to solve environmental and energy problems. Secondly, Ni-MH batteries in all aspects of the commission are very general; the current technology still lacks competitiveness, and many vital areas need further research. Finally, the PEMFC have significant advantages in energy density, energy storage cost, and specific energy, so this technology is a potential technology worthy of further study.

The Performance of the Construction of a Water Ecological Civilization City: International Assessment and Comparison

The water ecological environment problems brought about by rapid urbanization have prompted the proposal and implementation of different approaches to urban water ecological construction, such as eco-cities, best management practices (BMPs), and low-impact development (LID). As one of the most representative urban water ecological management policies in China, the Water Ecological Civilization City (WECC) was proposed in 2013, and 105 cities were selected for pilot construction. Many studies have evaluated the effectiveness of WECC construction, but international quantitative comparison is lacking. To address this, an urban Water-Human-Health (WHH) Assessment Model, considering water resources, ecological environment, economic and social development level, and water resources utilization, was developed and applied to five WECC pilot cities in China and 10 other cities worldwide, in which mainstream urban water ecological construction modes have been used. Principal component analysis of the index values in the assessment system was used to evaluate the current status of water ecosystem health in the 15 cities, showing that Sydney, Cleveland, and Hamburg were the most advanced in urban water ecological management. The two cities with the best evaluation results (Sydney and Cleveland), and the WECC city with the highest score (Wuhan) were selected for documentary analysis of their water ecological construction documents to identify similarities and differences to inform best practice internationally for urban water ecological construction. The results showed that Sydney and Cleveland attach similar emphasis across most constituents of urban water ecological construction, while, for Wuhan, greater importance is attached to water resource management and water culture. The advantages and disadvantages of WECC construction and international experience are discussed. The WHH assessment model proposed in this study provides a new quantitative evaluation method for international urban water ecological health evaluation, which could be further improved by including an urban flood risk indicator.

Identifying the Most Ecoliterate Inhabitants in a Top-Ten Ecologically Advanced City of China: A Sociodemographic Perspective

Ecological literacy (ecoliteracy) is an interdisciplinary concept that spans ecology and linguistics. This concept is particularly important given today’s increasingly severe ecological environmental problems. In the discipline of linguistic ecology, ecoliteracy can include five aspects: ecological knowledge literacy, ecological awareness literacy, ecological ethics literacy, ecological emotional literacy, and ecological behavioral literacy. We advocate for a quantitative assessment of the level of ecoliteracy from those five dimensions. However, in the evaluation process, the difference in the specific sociodemographic characteristics (SDCs) of the participants is a factor that cannot be ignored. Therefore, this article starts from SDCs and takes the inhabitants of Guiyang City, a top-ten ecologically advanced city in China, as the study population. The main purpose of the study was to identify the differences in the levels of ecoliteracy shown by inhabitants of this city who have different SDCs. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the levels of ecoliteracy among the inhabitants of Guiyang City with regards to gender, age group, ethnicity, type of living area, educational background, and current main identity. The highest overall score among the participants, that is, the most ecoliterate inhabitants, were found to be males, middle-aged groups, Buyi ethnic groups, those who live in urban areas, the most highly educated, and those who work for the Chinese government. To address the specific five-dimensional levels, this article also analyzed the nuances among inhabitants regarding each aspect. Based on this analysis, the reasons for the differences among inhabitants with different SDCs are discussed. In addition, after discovering the specific characteristics of inhabitants with high-level ecoliteracy, we also propose ways to improve low-level ecoliteracy among inhabitants. Our ultimate goal is to make contributions to the advancement of harmonious coexistence between humans and the natural environment.

Will green credit promote corporate environmental protection investment?

As a national macro policy, green credit is put forward in essence to guide the green transformation of enterprises. While realizing industrial upgrading and economic growth, the state should not ignore the problem of ecological environment. "Two high and one surplus" enterprises are often the key force to promote the development of the national economy, and the uncertainty of environmental protection investment brings difficulties to the decision-making of these enterprises. Therefore, can this policy promote "two high and one surplus" enterprises to increase investment in environmental protection? Based on the panel data of A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020, this paper takes the implementation of "Green Credit Guidelines (2012)" as a quasi-natural experiment, using differences-in-differences model to explore the impact of this policy on environmental protection investment of "two high and one surplus" enterprises. The empirical results show that the green credit policy significantly reduces the environmental protection investment of "two high and one surplus" enterprises, and the policy effect has stronger inhibitory on private enterprises and enterprises located in regions that have a higher level of financial development. The research of this paper enriches the influencing factors of enterprise environmental governance behavior and the micro evidence of the effect of green credit policy, as well as enlightenment for promoting the construction of ecological civilization and realizing green development.

Progress on eco-technology classification in ecologically vulnerable regions of China

Ecological technology is the core of ecological environment governance and restoration in ecologically vulnerable regions. A reasonable classification method is the basis for induction and summary of ecological techno-logy, which is of great significance to classify and solve ecological environmental problems and evaluate the effects of ecological technology implementation. However, there is still no standard method for the classification of ecological technology. From the perspective of ecological technology classification, we summarized the concept of eco-technology and related classification methods, in view of current situation and deficiency of ecological technology related classification, we put forward a system suitable for defining and classifying ecological technology in ecologically vulnerable regions of China, and analyzed the practicality and application prospect. Our review would provide reference for the management and promotion of ecological technology classification.

The Coexistence of Public Art Intervention in Anthropocentrism and Marine Ecological Dilemma

We are used to thinking of the ocean as infinite, but it is finite. Human beings have violated science and discharged pollutants into the ocean over the years, damaging both the Marine ecosystem and the common well-being of mankind. They pose a serious threat to human existence and development. When exploring and reflecting on the root of these ecological environment problems, people will turn their eyes to human centrism one way or another. Nowadays, the traditional human centrism is difficult to get out of the old development dilemma on the relationship between man and nature. Therefore, in order to solve the “coexistence dilemma” of human beings, we must establish a scientific and reasonable principle of subjectivity, that is, to establish “modern human centrism”. His existence, is fully aware of the current human for the destruction of the environment brought about by the extreme confusion. It is contemporary people who see this ecological dilemma in the ocean, so they want to find ways to present or solve the problem. At this time, the emergence of public art gives problems a chance to buffer.

长江三角洲生态环境脆弱带生态修复技术研究进展

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 长江三角洲生态环境脆弱带生态修复技术研究进展 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201912312842 作者: 作者单位: 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 南京市政府重点科技专项（长江生态文明发展史与战略研究（043013005001））；国家科技部重点专项目（2018YF0800201） Research progress on ecological restoration technology of ecological fragile zone of the Yangtze River Delta Author: Affiliation: Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:我国长江三角洲作为中国第一大经济区，综合实力最强的经济中心，其城市化和工业化发展迅速，但在人类活动的高强度影响和干预下，该地区的资源环境问题日益突出：生态环境脆弱性程度的增高，脆弱性发展趋势的加快等等一系列问题严重影响着长江三角洲的可持续发展，该区域生态环境呈现出的脆弱性特征已成为我国新的生态环境脆弱带。基于长江三角洲自然、经济、社会和环境状况的数据基础，及国内外脆弱性综合评价指标（自然因素和人为因素），对长江三角洲进行生态环境评估发现该区域具体的生态环境问题主要为土壤污染、城区大气污染、水环境污染，以及地面沉降等。通过剖析长江三角洲4类生态环境问题（土壤污染、大气污染、水环境污染、地面沉降）的现状、形成的具体原因及带来的影响，结合国内外生态修复技术的研究成果，详细论述了该区域4类生态环境问题的生态修复技术类型（物理方法、化学方法、生物方法、生态方法）、基本原理及各自的优缺点，同时评估了不同生态修复技术在污染治理过程中的可行性、安全性、经济性，旨在以上述理论研究为参照标准评估该区域环境污染治理过程中生态修复技术的修复潜力，为长江三角洲生态环境问题的治理修复提供方案及理论参考。长江三角洲生态环境的健康发展需要多方面的努力，需要全体社会成员增强生态环境保护意识，需要建立健全的生态修复相关政策及法律法规，需要运用多学科交叉综合修复技术，需要修订生态修复理论体系和技术规范，以上措施旨在为我国长江三角洲生态文明建设和可持续发展提供技术保障，促进该区域生态环境保护与经济社会的协调发展。 Abstract:As the largest economic zone and the economic center with the strongest comprehensive strength in China, the Yangtze River Delta has developed rapidly in urbanization and industrialization. However, under the high-intensity influence and intervention of human activities, the resource and environmental problems in the region have become increasingly prominent:the increase of ecological environment vulnerability, the acceleration of vulnerability development trend and a series of problems have seriously affected the sustainable development of the Yangtze River Delta, the fragile characteristics of the regional ecological environment have become a new ecological environment fragile zone in China. Based on the data of the natural, economic, social and environmental conditions of the Yangtze River Delta and the comprehensive vulnerability assessment indicators at home and abroad (natural and human factors), the ecological environment assessment of the Yangtze River Delta was carried out. It was found that the specific ecological and environmental problems in the region mainly included soil pollution, urban air pollution, water environment pollution, land subsidence and so on. By analyzing the current situation, specific causes and impacts of four types of eco-environmental problems (soil pollution, air pollution, water environment pollution and land subsidence) in the Yangtze River Delta, combined with the research results of ecological restoration technology at home and abroad, the types of ecological restoration technology (physical method, chemical method, biological method and ecological method), basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of four types of eco-environmental problems in the region were discussed in detail. At the same time, the feasibility, safety and economy of different ecological restoration technologies in the process of pollution control were evaluated aiming to evaluate the restoration potential of ecological restoration technologies in the process of environmental pollution control in the region with the above theoretical research as the reference standard, so as to provide a scheme and theoretical reference for the treatment and restoration of ecological environmental problems in the Yangtze River Delta. The healthy development of the ecological environment in the Yangtze River Delta requires various efforts, all members of society need to enhance their awareness of ecological and environmental protection, establish sound policies, laws and regulations related to ecological restoration, apply interdisciplinary comprehensive restoration technology, and revise the theoretical system and technical specifications of ecological restoration. The above measures were designed to provide technical guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization and sustainable development in the Yangtze River Delta, and promote the coordinated development of ecological and environmental protection and economy and society in the region. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

A dataset of ecological sensitivity evaluation of Sanya City in 2020

Ecological sensitivity refers to the sensitivity of the ecological environment to the natural phenomena and human activities in a region. As one of the main methods to analyze the stability of the regional ecological environment, it can reflect the possibility of the occurrence of ecological imbalance and ecological environmental problems. It is important for regional ecological protection and decision-making. For Sanya City, the central city in the southern part of Hainan Province, improving and protecting the ecological environment plays an important role in the sustainable development of the region. In this paper, we chose Sanya City as the study area to compile a dataset of ecological sensitivity evaluation of Sanya City in 2020. We used 9 factors (i.e. elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation coverage, water body, land use type, soil erosion intensity, population density distribution, and road accessibility distance) as the ecological sensitivity evaluation indicators. And we adopted the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to calculate the weight of each evaluation index, and divided the study area into five levels: non-sensitive, low-sensitive, medium-sensitive, high-sensitive, and extremely high-sensitive through GIS spatial analysis and calculation. In terms of the data quality control, we carried out various data verifications by screening cloud-free images in the Sanya City area, the kappa coefficient of the land use supervision and classification consistency test (about 0.85), and combined the NDWI results with the remote sensing images to obtain the water body range, so as to improve the reliability of data quality. This dataset can reflect the ecological sensitivity of Sanya City, and provide a reference data source for ecological environmental protection, resource development and land planning in Sanya City.

Spatio-Temporal Evolution of the Ecological Environment in a Typical Semi-Arid Region of Northeast China

Increasing trends of groundwater and soil salinization, as well as desertification, is characteristic of many arid and semi-arid regions under climatic and anthropogenic influences. This has led to the implementation of management strategies to protect the ecological environment. Changling County in Northeast China is a typical semi-arid area that has experienced these changes. Thus, management strategies such as the “Three North Shelterbelt Project” which involves planting trees to reduce wind speed and halt desertification, and the Changling local alkaline land restoration project, from the year 2000, involving fencing of grasslands have been implemented in the area. Premised on the dynamic nature of the ecological environmental problems, this study was undertaken to assess the spatio-temporal evolution of the ecological environment using hydro-geochemical, spatial, remote sensing, and statistical techniques from the year 2001 to 2019. It was found that groundwater salinity was stable within the period due to groundwater exploitation that declined depth to groundwater table (DWT) thus reducing the impact of evaporation concentration of salts in groundwater. Salinized land area increased by about 6706 ha at a rate of 0.06%/year as a result of the reduction in the size of water bodies and swampland as the declining water table exposed shallow water to more evaporation. The effect of the conversion of water bodies and swamplands to salinized land is believed to overshadow the climatic influence of decreased evaporation-precipitation ratio that normally decreases soil salinization. Most of the study area was stable in terms of desertification (98.22%, 56,3497 ha) as significantly degraded lands covered only 0.03% (148 ha) of the area while 1.67% (9556 ha) had significantly increased vegetation, respectively. Precipitation had an insignificant relationship with desertification with irrigation believed to be the main driver of significant vegetation improvement. Water-saving irrigation practices and the growing of salt-tolerant or semi-tolerant crop species are recommended to maximize food production while stemming the environmental degradation trend due to declining DWT.

Evaluation of the Gross Ecosystem Product and Analysis of the Transformation Path of “Two Mountains” in Hulunbuir City, China

The objective assessment of ecological systems forms the basis of solving ecological environmental problems. Evaluating the ecosystem status of each county through the gross ecosystem product (GEP) can reveal the value of each ecosystem. In this study, we used the eco-economic method to calculate the GEP and the green gold index (GGI) of 13 counties in Hulunbuir City between 2015 and 2020. The results show that: (1) The GEP of Hulunbuir City in 2020 was 980.025 billion yuan. The GGI was 8.36, which was much higher than the national average. (2) Forestry and pastoral regions were the main contributors to the regulation service. (3) Hulunbuir City had the largest forest value, while the farmland value was the lowest. The most important sources of forest, grassland, wetland, water, and farmland value were Oroqen, Xin Right Banner, Xin Left Banner, Xin Right Banner, and Morin Banner, respectively. Based on our analysis, we found significant results through the transformation of the “Two Mountains” in Erguna, Genhe, and Zhalantun. The other counties in our study must optimize ecological research with respect to the traditional economic model. Our results provide a scientific reference for the application of the “Two Mountains” base in each county.

Recent Advances and Future Prospects on the Tailing Covering Technology for Oxidation Prevention of Sulfide Tailings.

Acid mine drainage, produced from sulfur-containing mine waste exposed to air, water, and bacteria, is considered as a serious environmental pollutant because of its extremely low pH and excessive heavy metals. In order to solve the ecological environment problems caused by the acid mine drainage, treatment methods such as neutralization, adsorption, passivation, bio-inhibition, and physical coverage have been developed. Nevertheless, these methods are terminal treatment methods, which are unable to prevent the generation of acid mine drainage at the source. Recently, it is noteworthy that the tailing covering technology is particularly emphasized, owing to its superior source control capability. By reducing the contact with air, water, and bacteria, the oxidation of sulfide tailings is significantly reduced, thus avoiding the production of acid mine drainage. To date, massive research has been studied and parts of technologies have been applied, but the review on the principles, processes, and applications of these technologies are still lacking. Thus, the present review aims to increase the knowledge related to the most relevant application of tailing covering technology with the following aspects: (i) the background, concepts, and performance of tailing covering technology; (ii) the applicable conditions for each tailings coverage system and their advantages and limitations; and (iii) the future perspective of this technology.

Impacts of trees-grass area ratio on thermal environment, energy saving, and carbon benefits

Rapid urbanization potentially increases the diversity of building morphological characteristics (e.g., heights), causing urban ecological environment problems, such as urban heat islands, energy loss, and carbon emissions. Greenery (e.g., trees and grasses) can alleviate urban environmental problems, further improving the benefits of cooling effect, energy saving, and carbon emission reduction. With limited land resources, it is significant to effectively combine multiple greeneries and quantitatively optimize the greenery design. This paper designed the trees-grass area ratio (TAR) and explored its effect on the benefits at the community scale. The ranges of 0–90% TARs were considered in the communities as well as three building heights. A low-cost computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method of volumetric source term (VST) was proposed to simulate the thermal environment. Energy performance simulation of buildings was performed. Results indicated that the VST method can reduce computing costs by up to 81% compared with the traditional simulation. Air temperature (T), energy consumption (E), and carbon emission (Ce) decreased with increasing TAR in three types of communities. Carbon sequestration (Cs) linearly increased with increasing TAR. When the TAR was 90%, the maximum reduction of T, E, and Ce were 6 °C, 17.3%, and 20%, respectively. Furthermore, the quantified relationships between TAR, building height, and benefits were proposed. This work can serve as a guideline for the optimal design of urban ecological environment.

Remote Sensing Monitoring and Evaluation of Vegetation Changes in Hulun Buir Grassland, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

Constantly increasing vegetation changes pose serious challenges to the sustainable use of global ecosystems. Thus, facing the increasingly serious climate and ecological environment problems and improving vegetation coverage is crucial to the sustainable development of the region. Along these lines, in this work, a monitoring model of vegetation cover change was proposed and developed by using Landsat TM (1989, 1999, and 2011) and Landsat OLI-TIRS (2021) data. More specifically, it was used to assess vegetation change. Based on this model, the vegetation change in the core area of Hulun Buir Grassland was systematically analyzed., From the acquired results, the existence of spatial differences in the vegetation coverage changes in the study area were demonstrated. The total area of vegetation coverage changes was 758.95 km2, and the area from low vegetation coverage to high vegetation coverage was 456.41 km2, accounting for 60.14% of the total change area. The area from high vegetation coverage to low vegetation coverage was 302.57 km2, accounting for 39.86% of the total change area, whereas the area of the area without vegetation coverage was 1963.92 km2, accounting for 72.13% of the study area, and the overall vegetation coverage is improving. Vegetation cover change monitoring models can also be used to reveal and describe large-scale vegetation landscape changes and obtain clear vegetation change results through easy-to-obtain data; our work suggests that in the process of pursuing regional economic development and accelerating urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural modernization, human beings should assume more responsibilities and pursue the sustainable development of the natural environment. The results of this work are of great importance to further study the potential driving mechanism of the vegetation coverage changes and provide theoretical guidance for relevant managers to formulate vegetation restoration measures.