The ecological crisis, which is slowly growing in freshwater and coastal ecosystems, has heightened the need for interdisciplinary teaching strategies that integrate environmental science with the humanities. However, philology training does not necessarily relate to ecological facts, limiting students' environmental literacy and criticality toward the environmental conservation discourses implicit in language and literature. This paper explores how conservation discourses grounded in aquatic ecology can be integrated into philology language curricula to improve linguistic competence and environmental knowledge. A quantitative and qualitative design was selected to target 48 undergraduate students and 4 faculty members within a curriculum-based case study. These included eco-critical analysis of texts, discourse mapping of water issues in classical and modern literature, and project-based learning focused on local water bodies. Environmental literacy, discourse analysis ability, and conservation attitudes were evaluated using pre-intervention and post-intervention tests, with standardized rubrics used to assess the intervention's impact and a Likert scale used to assess the intervention's impact. Findings also showed a 34% increase in environmental literacy (52.3 to 70.1), a 28% boost in analytical language proficiency, and a 41% increase in student participation in community-based conservation dialogues. Paired t-tests were used to analyze the data, with a significant difference at p < 0.01. Qualitative responses also demonstrated the improved interpretive qualities of ecological accounts and greater attachment to water ecology. The results show that incorporating the discourses of aquatic ecology into philological studies not only enhances linguistic proficiency but also fosters responsible environmental citizenship. The study concludes that the interdisciplinary curriculum model may play an objectively important role in ensuring sustainable literacy practices and, in the long run, in developing conservation-oriented views among students in the humanities.

Representing animals in ecological crises: A corpus-based ecological discourse analysis of 环球时报 (Global Times)

This study, grounded in theories of Systemic Functional Linguistics and Ecolinguistics, analyzes the ecological discourse of high school English teachers in EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classrooms, thereby exploring the realization mechanisms of ecological educational contents in their classroom discourse. Through corpus extraction and annotation from authentic classroom teaching videos, combined with the integration of teaching moves, ecological contents, and transitivity process types, the study identifies the characteristics of teachers’ ecological discourse usage across different teaching moves and their corresponding lexicogrammatical realizations. The findings reveal that teachers’ classroom ecological discourse is predominantly concentrated in the main-body pedagogical moves, with a focus on knowledge-oriented and behaviour-related contents, a preference for action-type transitivity processes, and a lack of realizational resources for emotional engagement and interpersonal interaction. Based on these insights, the study proposes pedagogical recommendations to optimize the integration of ecological education in high school English teaching.

This article critically explores how Bongo Fleva’s lyrics engage with environmental themes; and the interrelationship between nature and culture in the context of the Anthropocene. The data were purposively sampled from YouTube via content analysis, from which 50 Bongo Fleva songs were listened to, and only 10 environmentally-themed songs were analysed. Then, the selected songs were subjected to transcription (from oral to written form), translation (from Kiswahili into English), and close reading and textual analysis. The close reading of the selected songs focused on the employed aesthetic and rhetorical strategies, such as anthropomorphism, symbolism, antithesis, apocalyptic tones, solastalgia, rhetorical questions, repetition, and adages; with a specific lens on environmental concerns. The thematic analysis focused on climate change and sustainability themes emerging from the songs. The findings show that the songs convey landscapes, nonhuman agency, ecocatastrophes, eco-hesitation, people’s negligence, moral decay, political failure, and biodiversity loss as the themes; which in turn reveal the ecological awareness and displeasure at the abuse of nature among Bongo Fleva artists. In this context, they demonstrate the agency to influence public opinion, incite environmental policy dialogues, and support eco-activism in the country. Conclusively, the findings suggest that the analysed songs portray Bongo Fleva as an aesthetically and culturally grounded platform for ecological discourse; not antagonistic but rather collaborative and dialogic in addressing issues of environmental (in)justice and violence. Further studies could be on multimodal analysis of visual aesthetics in Bongo Fleva music videos to assess whether they reinforce or contradict the lyrical environmental message.

Marine environmental reporting by China’s mainstream media is an important subject for research on the self-construction of national ecological image. This paper takes marine environmental reports from China Daily and other mainstream media between 2015 and 2025 as examples, establishing a specialized corpus. By integrating Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and corpus methods, this paper analyzes the lexical and grammatical features of high-frequency ecological vocabulary from the dimensions of text, discourse, and social practice. The study finds that through lexical selection and narrative logic, China’s mainstream media successfully constructs a tripartite national ecological image as a “responsible governor”, a “practitioner of sustainable development”, and a “global cooperation contributor”. This research fills a gap in the study of national ecological image in the context of marine ecology discourse to some extent, providing theoretical reference and data support for enhancing China’s international discourse power in marine ecological governance and optimizing marine environmental communication strategies.

The 21st century, marked by the palpable realities of the Anthropocene, has witnessed a significant and urgent shift in the ecological discourse within Hindi literature. Moving beyond romanticized depictions of nature or symbolic protests, contemporary literature has begun to engage directly with the complex, interconnected crises of climate change, resource extraction, species extinction, and environmental injustice. This paper argues that 21st-century Hindi literature serves as a critical cultural forum, fostering an essential interdisciplinary dialogue that bridges the gap between scientific data and human experience to model pathways for resilience and sustainability.Through an analysis of a diverse corpus-including novels of environmental realism, dystopian narratives, and non-fictional eco-writing-this study examines how authors and poets like Nasira Sharma, Mahua Maji, Sanjiv, Anant Kumar Singh, Akhilesh, Jayanandan, Naresh Saxena, Kumar Ambuj, Rajni Tilak etc., respectively, have reframed the ecological debate. Their work does not merely depict environmental degradation but critically interrogate its root causes: neoliberal development, urban-rural divides, gendered impacts of ecological loss, and the erosion of indigenous knowledge systems.Through a close reading of selected novels, short stories, and poetries, this research demonstrates how literature articulates the lived experiences of ecological degradation, giving a human face to abstract environmental data.

This study analyzes how critical environmental education practices, articulated with the principles of ecocitizenship, can transform daily habits in the school community, promoting socio-environmental sustainability. The research, of a qualitative nature, adopts systematic bibliographic review as a method, examining scientific productions published between 2022 and 2025 in databases such as SciELO, CAPES, and Google Scholar. The results show that, although environmental pedagogical projects have advanced in the school space, a mismatch persists between institutional ecological discourse and effective social practices. Factors such as local culture, socioeconomic conditions, and school structure limit the consolidation of sustainable habits. It is concluded that the integration between school, family, and territory, through participatory and contextualized methodologies, is fundamental for the formation of a critical and transformative environmental awareness, capable of generating lasting changes in community behavior.

In relation to serious global climatic changes, there is an activation of speech acts within the framework of ecological discourse. The analyzed material allows discussing the emergence of a new type of speech genre of debates, such as environmental debates (ED). TV companies organize ED as part of election campaigns and for the purpose of obtaining information about the current processes from specialists of related fields. ED differ from classical debates in a number of their characteristics. The special compositional, linguistic and pragmatic characteristics of ecological debates allow them to be identified as an independent genre of speech. The article aims to reveal the characteristics of the ED genre by describing their constitutive features. For this purpose, we analyzed ED in several countries, conducted corpus analysis of the ED to identify some pragmatic and temporal characteristics, and performed linguistic analysis. Communicative analysis revealed such tactics as argumentation, analyzing the situation, explanation, clarification, predicting the most probable ways of developing the situation, etc. As a result, argumentative and expressive types of communication were found. ED in terms of temporal characteristics assume a perfunctory, present and futural perspective. The following thematic blocks were identified within the analyzed debates: recognition of the existence of the environmental crisis situation, pride and expression of love for one’s country and the desire to preserve its nature, criticism of those who neglect these values, and presentation of a set of measures to protect nature. ED actualize the national and global value of nature conservation as a way to self-preservation of mankind.

Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Mianning County, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture between 2023 and 2024, this paper analyzes the “xiō bū” (ꑭꁮ) ritual of the Liangshan Yi people. Framed within contemporary approaches to religious anthropology and social memory theory, the study explores how this ritual constructs Yi ecological ethics, social integration, and cultural identity through nature worship, ancestral spirit beliefs, and ritual practices. The ethnographic evidence reveals that the “xiō bū” ritual, by designating wooded mountains as sacred space and performing sacrifices to nature deities and ancestral spirits, integrates “humans—nature—ancestors” into a symbiotic system of the “community of life.” This reflects the Yi people’s relational ontology and embedded ecological knowledge. The sacrificial offerings, shared meals, and purification practices in the ritual not only reinforce reverence for nature through symbolic acts but also unify the community through Durkheimian “collective effervescence,” thereby restoring the community’s spiritual order. As a carrier of social memory, the “xiō bū” ritual, through epic chanting, symbolic performances (such as clothing, ritual implements), and bodily practices (like the ritual specialist’s movements), embeds individual memories into the collective historical narrative of the group, dynamically constructing the cultural boundaries of the “Yi” people. The ritual specialists (Bimo or Suni), as intermediaries of knowledge and power, maintain religious authority through bricolage-like symbolic reorganization and foster the creative transformation of tradition in response to the challenges of modernity. The study further reveals that while the ritual faces challenges in the contemporary context, such as secularization and population mobility, it continues to activate ethnic identity by simplifying rituals, preserving core symbols, and coupling with ecological discourses, offering a model for the modern adaptation of traditional religions. This paper argues that ritual studies should engage with contemporary theoretical approaches like the ontological turn, focus on the agency of individuals, and reflect on the insights traditional knowledge systems offer in the face of globalization and ecological crises.

ABSTRACT This article presents the first investigation of Ukrainian trade unions in the context of ecosocialism. The study employs a corpus-based approach and was conducted in two stages. First, a reference corpus of ecosocialist writings was compiled and analysed to identify core ecosocialist principles and keywords linking ecological and class-based critique. These keywords were then used for examining the social media posts and web publications of five major Ukrainian trade unions representing construction and building materials, coal mining, nuclear power, railway and transport construction, and independent miners over the period 2021–2024. Analysis revealed a stark dominance of economic vocabulary, occurring on average over 13 times more often than ecological terms. Ecological discourse, when present, was predominantly worker-centred, focusing on occupational health and safety rather than systemic environmental concerns. Political vocabulary linked to class struggle or socialism was scarce. The findings suggest that Ukrainian trade unions currently approach the green transition defensively, prioritising job protection over systemic socio-ecological transformation, and rarely articulating even remotely ecosocialist perspectives.

This introduction outlines recent developments in the theory and practice of what has emerged as African ecocriticism. These include, among others, the shift toward a less anthropocentric ecological discourse empathetic to the agency of natural beings, the decoupling of ecocriticism from a rather narrow focus on traditional genres of literature (poetry, drama, especially fiction), the intentional bridging of the Anglophone-Francophone divide in environmental scholarship, and the growing practice of ecocritically engaging trendy categories in contemporary African scholarship, including decoloniality, Afrofuturism, and indigenous studies. Foregrounding the articles assembled here, this introduction argues that the map of African ecocriticism is expanding as it touches previously unreached national, ethnic, and indigenous locations, and as it inevitably embraces other signifying practices (besides written literature), which include oralities, visual art, media practices, and everyday stories of Africa’s ecological futures. African ecocriticism, designed to respond to the peculiarities of Africa’s precolonial and postcolonial life—at the same time mindful of global commonalities of planetary precarity—is growing as a viable subfield of environmental humanities. This special issue signposts that growth and the possibilities ahead.

Eco-linguistics has been developed as an interdisciplinary subject, which analyses dynamic interaction of language, ecology, and environmental sustainability. The paper under review examines the influence of the English language in creating, propagating and challenging the environmental discourse within the social, educational, political, and media practices. Based on some of the essential theoretical frameworks including ecological discourse analysis, critical discourse studies, and linguistic ecology, the paper brings to our attention the manner in which linguistic decisions made in English affect environmental awareness, values, and behaviors. The review shows that English as a global lingua franca is at the core of framing environmental issues, creating discourses of climate change, destruction of biodiversity, and sustainability, as well as justifying certain ideologies and power relations. Special care is taken in relation to metaphors, evaluative speech, framing approaches, and story lines that either facilitate ecological accountability or support anthropocentric and exploitative perceptions of the world. Moreover, the review also mentions increased usage of eco-linguistics in the English language education, where the environmentally-oriented material is employed to improve the linguistic and ecological literacy. Empirical research findings in recent past show that incorporation of eco-linguistic principles in learning English can help learners develop critical thinking and pro environmental attitudes. Although it is becoming more relevant, the discipline encounters issues to do with methodological diversity, less cross-cultural attitudes, and the prevalence of Global North discourses. The verdict of this review is that eco-linguistics within English offers an effective approach to the analytical and pedagogical approach to studying and re-structuring environmental discourse, and that more context-provocative, multilingual and action-based research is needed to aid the cause of global sustainable actions.

Ecolinguistics has developed as an approach to language studies over the past fifty years. Since its beginnings in the 1970s it has applied the ecology metaphor to language in various ways to study the interaction between language and its environment. This paper will briefly trace the history of ecolinguistics and will then discuss its recent developments (Fill & Penz 2018 ; Penz & Fill 2022). Attempts to unify the diverse approaches have identified two and four different ways, respectively, in which the relationship between language and ecology is conceptualized. The latter applies the categories of a symbolic ecology, a natural ecology, a sociocultural ecology, and a cognitive ecology (Steffensen & Fill 2014). With the publication of Stibbe’s (2015) book on Ecolinguistics, the field has taken a more discourse analytic turn, yet the other areas are still present. However, ecological discourse analysis has turned out to be the most productive area of ecolinguistics today. In terms of theorizing, methods of sociolinguistics, functional linguistics, cognitive linguistics and corpus linguistics have been resorted to, yet a recent endeavour aims to develop ecolinguistic theory by conceptualizing language itself as ecological (Steffensen et al. 2024).

Staying with the Trouble: Making Kin in the Chthulucene (2016) by Donna Haraway proposes a new way of thinking to deal with the planetary crisis caused by ecological destruction, climate change and species extinction. Haraway rejects the term anthropocene, a geological era in which human activity is the dominant force changing the earth, and proposes an alternative concept: chthulucene—an era that emphasizes the interconnectedness, symbiosis and tentacularity of beings, both human and non-human. Through the idea of “staying with the trouble”, Haraway calls for not seeking an escape from the crisis, but rather living in its complexity and building a new way of life. The concept of making kin is central to her thinking: establishing kinship across species as a form of ethics and care for the wounded earth. With a multidisciplinary and imaginative approach, this book makes a unique contribution to the discourse of ecology and posthumanism. Haraway invites us to imagine an alternative future that is more just for all beings, not with total solutions, but through relationships and shared responsibility.

Corporate sustainability reporting has gained attention, but research gaps persist in applying ecological discourse analysis (EDA) to corporate texts. Current studies often rely on critical discourse or thematic content analysis, overlooking the ecological dimensions of language. There is a lack of integrated SDG discourse analysis that captures the complex interdependence of environmental issues and limited attention to subtle linguistic strategies companies use to frame compliance and sustainability, often bordering on greenwashing. This study addresses these gaps by applying an ecological discourse analysis to a fishery company's sustainability report. Data was taken from the English sustainability report of PT. Dua Putra Makmur Tbk (DPUM), downloaded from the company’s website, www.duaputra.co.id. The collected data were examined through an ecological discourse analysis (EDA) framework assisted by the UAM corpus tool to investigate the modality as the interpersonal vehicle that uncovers the company’s intention in building public trust and showing its commitment to the ecological equilibrium. Findings reveal that modality is mainly employed to show the company’s commitment to maintaining sustainable business practices. Ecologically, the sustainability report articulates an ambivalent discourse since the ecological commitment is concealed in the report, proven by the absence of modality referring to ability and willingness

This paper examines modal density, a concept introduced in Discourse Analysis by Norris [2004, 2009], in news media. Modal density combines intensity (modal prominence) and complexity (modal interactions), and is believed to vary across media genres and speech acts in climate change communication. Using data from UCLA’s NewsScape corpus, 500 short video clips from genres such as news reports, talk shows, weather forecasts and political speeches were analyzed. The study measured modal intensity and complexity across speech, prosody, and visual resources. Findings highlight differences across genres and speech acts, offering insights into multimodal strategies that promote public engagement with climate change. The study also introduces a quantitative method to compare modal density across genres, which improves our understanding of ecological discourse.

This research explores how language frames and builds brand ideologies and identities of customers in the Pakistani beauty industries. Their focus is on the discursive strategies employed by two contrastive brands: Garnier and Saeed Ghani. Conceptual framework theory of eco linguistics Entman’s framing model (1993) and Stibbe’s Ecolinguistic model (2015) has adopted salience and selection, slogans, research analysis products name and the content if the website has been abstracted from the official websites. The study highlights that the products of Saeed Ghani explore framing words used as identity for instance; herbal, halal and culturally sensitive narratives like Husan e Yousaf. On the other hand, the Garnier brand used trigger words related to green washing such as green- modernist, cruelty free, recycled, vegan and UV protection. Mostly it promotes consumerism. However, both brands foreground the main target like care, purity and hygienic. Both the brands Saeed Ghani and Garnier frame cultural-religions and align with ecological discourses respectively. The study finds out that both the brands used omission of important narratives and mask the social inequality and consumerism in order to sustain and maintain the identity of the brands. The main focus of this article is to reveal how certain brand discourses not only advertise their product but also shape and frame the ideology and narrative of the audience's moral thoughts and perceptions. This research study has contributed to the field of linguistics specifically in ecolinguistic by implementing the trends of consumers in Pakistan.

In the face of accelerating ecological degradation, and in line with interdisciplinary efforts to enhance the quality of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), we propose that this field ought to evolve not only in content but also in language. This article explores the hypothesis that linguistic framing—specifically semantic prosody—significantly shapes environmental awareness and action. Drawing on cognitive linguistics and discourse analysis, we first establish the theoretical basis for the claim that language influences public perception and behavioral intent in the environmental domain. We then review how semantic prosody has been applied in ecological discourse studies, beginning with Partington's (1998) analysis of the term GREEN FUNDAMENTALIST, which exposes how frequent negative collocates can taint even ideologically neutral concepts, and continuing through Hardiman & Nuraniwati's (2023) corpus-based study of the lexical item SUSTAINABILITY, which demonstrates the term's positive semantic aura within contemporary news discourse. These foundational works set the stage for our original analysis of the term ENVIRONMENTAL using the WebCorp tool. Our corpus inquiry reveals a dual linguistic pattern: ENVIRONMENTAL exhibits a negative semantic prosody, collocating with terms of harm and risk, while simultaneously being framed within a neutral, technocratic discourse of governance and science. This semantic environment may contribute to emotional distancing, disengagement, or a technocratic framing of ecological crises. We argue that such patterns have direct implications for environmental education: if ESD is to foster hope, empowerment, and action, it must attend not only to what is taught, but how it is linguistically encoded. Semantic prosody offers educators and communicators a powerful lens for reshaping ecological and climate discourse in ways that resonate emotionally and ethically with learners.

This paper intervenes at the crossroads of transnationality, postcolonial ecocriticism and “crimate” fictions (King)- narratives reframing detective fiction to include multispecies violence, resource extraction, and global poaching economies. The aim is to examine non-spectacular ecological crimes and their investigations in the detective fictions of two authors- Suchitra Bhattacharya (Sharanday Shoitan and Tikorparay Ghorial) and Buddhadeb Basu (Albino and Motka Gogoi). The sample texts foreground the detectives’ indigenous knowledge of the ecology and embodied expertise to resolve ecologically transgressive acts. The selected “crimate” fictions help in revisiting and updating conversations about the buried history of environmental desecration and depredations in the colonial past. The analysis aims to placate the troubled relation between humans and non-human subjectivities, biodiversity collapse, boosting of poaching economies and the escalation of human-wildlife conflict that deracinates local flora and fauna, leaving behind scarred landscapes and displaced wildlife. I argue that by shifting the focus from urban centers to isolated places or the “wilderness” these texts not only reimagine and reconfigure western views of the environment, but also expand and diversify the role of the detective. With a comprehensive and nuanced engagement with methods of (in)justice, it serves to redefine and reexamine what can be termed as criminal and transgressive in such ecological discourses.

This study examines the integration between the Javanese cosmology Hamemayu Hayuning Bawono and Islamic ecotheology in the thought of Seyyed Hossein Nasr. The synthesis of these two perspectives forms a comprehensive and contextual framework of Islamic eco-spirituality in the Indonesian context, which can be applied in daily life. Both Javanese philosophy and Nasr’s thought regard nature as a sacred creation of God, implying that humans bear a moral and spiritual responsibility to preserve it. The principle of Hamemayu Hayuning Bawono, which emphasizes the harmony and beauty of the world, aligns with Nasr’s cosmological concept of tawhid, which highlights the unity of God, humanity, and nature. Both perspectives stem from the awareness that today’s environmental crisis is essentially a spiritual crisis caused by the loss of the sacred perception of nature. This integration not only provides a theoretical contribution to the development of Islamic ecological discourse but also offers practical implications through the strengthening of environmental ethics in education, public policy, and religious social movements such as EcoMasjid and Green Pesantren. Eco-spiritual awareness rooted in spiritual values and local wisdom can reinforce an Indonesian ecological ethic grounded in Islamic teachings. However, since this study is literature-based, further interdisciplinary research involving theology, ecology, and anthropology is needed to deepen and evaluate the implementation of Islamic eco-spirituality concepts within society.