Doctors Strike During COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia

이 연구의 목적은 산학일체형 도제학교 참여 학생의 주요 현황과 도제교육에 대한 만족도 및 성과를 분석하고 도제학생의 취업 진로 결정 여부에 따른 도제교육 관련 변인을 분석하는 것이다. 이를 위해 도제학생 3학년을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 도제학생의 도제교육 주요 현황과 문제점은 다음과 같다. 도제학생의 도제교육 참여 동기는 ‘고교 졸업 후 빠른 취업 및 경제적 어려움’이 가장 많았고, 기업 선택의 주요요소로는 전공 분야의 기술 향상 가능성, 임금·고용안정성·근무환경, 졸업 후 경력 개발 및 후학습으로 나타났다. 기업 내 교육(OJT)의 주된 진행방식은 ‘기업현장교사가 도제학생과 같이 업무를 수행하면서 지식·스킬을 전수하는 방식’이 가장 많았고, 기업 내 교육(OJT) 과정에서의 가장 큰 애로사항과 학교 내 교육(Off-JT) 과정에서의 가장 큰 애로사항은 모두 ‘OJT와 Off-JT 내용이 서로 연결되지 않아서 학습에 어려움 있음’이 가장 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 도제학생의 도제교육에 대한 만족도와 성과는 다음과 같다. 도제교육 활동에 대한 만족도는 5점 만점에 평균 3.60으로 나타났고, 기업현장교사에 대한 만족도는 5점 만점에 평균 3.76으로 나타났다. 도제교육을 통한 직무역량 향상 정도는 5점 만점에 평균 3.81로 나타났고, 도제교육을 통한 수업과 학교생활의 적극성 및 긍정적 변화 정도는 5점 만점에 평균 3.76으로 나타났다. 현재 도제교육을 받고 있는 기업으로 취업 결정한 학생의 비율이 68.7%로 나타났다. 특히 산업계주도형이 학교주도형보다 도제학생의 만족도와 성과가 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 도제학생의 취업 진로 결정 여부에 따른 도제교육 관련 변인 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 취업 결정 학생은 미취업 결정 학생보다 기업의 사전 정보 일치도가 높게 나타났고, 도제교육 활동의 만족도와 OJT 및 기업현장교사 만족도, 그리고 직무역량 향상 정도 및 수업·학교생활 변화 정도가 높게 나타났다.The purposes of this study were to survey apprenticeship education factors(the status, satisfaction, and performance of the students of Korean apprenticeship high school), and to analyze relation between the career decision for employment and apprenticeship factors of students from Korean apprenticeship high schools. The major results of this study were as following. First, the reason students participated in the apprenticeship education was usually because they want the earlier employment after graduation. The students considered the feasibility in growth of individual, wage, employment stability, working environment, career development, and continuing education for the factors to choose companies. In most cases, OJT involved trainers in passing on knowledge and skills to trainees while helping them perform their assigned tasks. The biggest challenge in apprenticeship was difficulties in learning owing to the lack of connectivity between OJT and Off-JT. Second, the levels of satisfaction with apprenticeship activities and trainers, job skill improvement, and participation and positive changes in class and school activities were generally rated high. Of all trainees, 68.7% decided to find employment in the training companies. Third, the trainees who decided to find employment in the training companies had gained company information with greater accuracy before the training than those who did not. The former also showed higher levels of satisfaction with apprenticeship activities, OJT programs and trainers, job skills improvement, and changes in their participation in class and school activities.

The mass demonstrations that took place in 2011 in major cities worldwide, dubbed here Contemporary Metropolitan Protest (CMP), varied in terms of the issues tackled and the political efficacy attained, but featured similarities in style, mobilization patterns and the use of traditional and social media. The similarities explain the tendency among commentators and researchers to treat CMP as a coherent category. The variation, on the other hand, raises questions about conceptual and theoretical idioms used so far in the analysis of CMP. The article begins by scrutinizing “resistance”—an idiom introduced to anthropology in the 1980s to theorize peasant response to metropolitan policies—and its recent emergence in the depiction and analysis of CMP. Highlighting the strengths and limitations of the term, I use the rise and fall of CMP in Tel Aviv in 2011 and 2012 as an example of how the implicit logic of aggression and response, so central to earlier employment of the notion of resistance, can be hijacked by defensive regimes that seek to delegitimize and criminalize critique, thus forcing CMP to decline and implode.

Four compositions in the first layer of the Old Hall Manuscript (GB-Lbl, Add. MS 57950) are attributed to R. Chirbury (or R. Chyrbury). This article argues that the Robert Chirbury who ended his days as Dean at the Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick was this composer. His career included stints at the Chapel Royal and probably also earlier employment in the London diocese, as well as service in the household of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick. Moreover, this individual can be differentiated from similarly named men in the Register of the London St Nicholas Fraternity of Parish Clerks, and the assertion that the composer was employed at St George's, Windsor can be discounted.

OBJECTIVESTo estimate the number of workers in Great Britain with significant occupational exposure to hand transmitted vibration (HTV). Also, to identify the occupations and industries where such exposures arise, and...

Growth and inventiveness in technology-based spin-off firms

Gender inequality of income in later life is linked to earlier employment through the major role of occupational and personal pensions. In addition to women's lower earnings, their diverse patterns of employment, in terms of the timing of periods of full-time, part-time and non-employment, may affect non-state pension income. In this paper, work history data from the 1988 OPCS Retirement and Retirement Plans Survey is used, first to identify distinct patterns of older women's lifetime employment and relate these to socio-economic and marital status. Second, we analyse the receipt and amount of occupational and personal pensions for women over state pension age according to their pattern of lifetime employment. We show that older women's likelihood of receiving non-state pension income and the amount received were closely related to their employment pattern, especially whether their employment had been mainly full time or not. However, even older women with full time and mainly continuous employment, who represent an elite minority, were disadvantaged in non-state pension income compared with men. Women's full-time employment in mid-life had a disproportionate influence in improving likelihood of pension entitlement compared with earlier employment.

New, technology-based firms as agents of R & D and innovation: an empirical study