Nowadays, e-sports has become one of the rapidly growing emerging industries in the world, and its business model is becoming increasingly mature. This paper provides a systematic review of academic literature on the eSports industry through the documentary method, demonstrates the rise of eSports as a cultural and economic phenomenon, and analyzes the dynamic development of eSports as an emerging industry and its business potential. By examining eSports business models, this paper not only discusses how eSports can attract a wide range of audiences and investors through innovative business models, but also explores the major challenges facing this industry and their implications for future business strategies, aiming to provide valuable recommendations for policymakers and researchers in the eSports industry. The study shows that the business model of eSports relies on diversified revenues, and its rapid development has not only benefited from technological innovation and globalization trends but also from policy support and the positive response and investment of the capital market. The eSports industry has become an important part of the global digital economy, with strong market potential and the possibility of sustained growth.