Dysfunctional Communication Patterns Research Articles

Communication Patterns in the Formation of Self-Concept in Early Adults Who Experience Fatherless in Medan City

This research aims to analyze communication patterns in the formation of self-concept in early adults who experience fatherlessness, analyze self-disclosure in early adults, and to analyze communication barriers felt by early adults who experience fatherlessness in Medan City. The theories used in this research are Symbolic Interaction Theory, Self-Concept and Self-Disclosure. This study uses a qualitative method. The number of informants in this study was 6 (six) early adults who experienced fatherlessness. The research results show that the absence of a father causes the emergence of dysfunctional communication patterns in the family which affects various aspects of the informants' lives such as communication with the surrounding environment and their self-concept. Communication barriers found in early adult individuals are psychological barriers or psychological noise, which is caused by the loss of the father's role due to death or his absence in the informant's growth and development during childhood. This condition creates a fear of communicating and causes difficulty in expressing feelings

강박장애를 가진 성인자녀에 대한 가족치료 사례연구: 가족체계론적 관점을 중심으로

Objectives: This family therapy case study aims to explore the factors that contributed to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), intervention approaches used by the family therapist and the effectiveness of treatment. Method: This study employed a case study method and used thematic analysis and a matrix approach in data analysis. Results: Contributors to the development of OCD were triggering, individual, familial, and environmental factors. The therapist's interventions included analyzing the familial factors, promoting the awareness of the parents' dysfunctional communication patterns transmitted from the family of origin, helping the client express the repressed emotions, resolving misunderstandings among family members, and practicing effective communication strategies. Conclusion: This study identified the factors related to OCD from a family systems perspective and explored specific family therapy interventions used by the therapist.

Providing a Model for Predicting Children's Differentiation Based on Communication Patterns and Personality Structure with the Mediation of Dysfunctional Attitudes in Parents Attending Counseling Centers in Tehran

Background and Objective: Most spouses in marital life use different communication patterns in interactions with family members, depending on their personality structure. The presence of dysfunctional communication patterns and underdeveloped personalities can cause destructive effects in relationships and lead to a lack of differentiation in children. This study aims to provide a model for predicting children's differentiation based on communication patterns and personality structure with the mediation of dysfunctional attitudes in parents attending counseling centers in Tehran. Methods and Materials: Considering the indices and objectives of the research, the study was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research included all parents attending counseling centers in Tehran during 2021-2022. In this research, the sampling method was multi-stage random sampling, and the sample size was determined to be 350 people based on the Sample Power software. Data collection was carried out using the Differentiation Inventory by Skowron and Friedlander (1998), the Couples' Communication Patterns Questionnaire by Christensen and Sullaway (1991), the NEO Personality Inventory by McCrae and Costa (1985), and the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale by Weissman and Beck (1978) on the selected sample. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SmartPLS structural equation modeling. Findings: The findings of this study indicated that the proposed model for predicting children's differentiation based on communication patterns and personality structure with the mediation of dysfunctional attitudes in parents attending counseling centers in Tehran had a good fit. Examination of the results based on the direct path showed a significant relationship between the components of communication patterns, personality structure, and dysfunctional attitudes with children's differentiation. The results of the indirect path also showed a significant relationship between the components of communication patterns, personality structure, with the partial mediation role of dysfunctional attitudes and children's differentiation. Conclusion: The findings suggest that understanding the communication patterns and personality structure of each parent based on the mutual understanding of children's needs can predict the level of children's differentiation based on dysfunctional attitudes within the context of family relationships and interpersonal interactions.

Romantic Attachment and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrated by Individuals Seeking Help: The Roles of Dysfunctional Communication Patterns and Relationship Satisfaction

Romantic Attachment and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrated by Individuals Seeking Help: The Roles of Dysfunctional Communication Patterns and Relationship Satisfaction

Cumulative Childhood Trauma, Communication Patterns, and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrated by Men Seeking Help.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex and multifactorial public health problem associated with important physical and psychological repercussions. Recent studies suggest that cumulative childhood trauma (CCT) may be related to higher IPV perpetration through dysfunctional communication patterns, but to our knowledge, no study has tested this proposition in a clinical population. This study aimed to explore the direct and indirect links between CCT and perpetrated IPV through dysfunctional communication patterns among 577 men seeking help from community centers specializing in IPV. Prior to receiving services, participants completed a battery of questionnaires including validated brief measures of CCT (sexual, physical, and psychological abuse; physical and psychological neglect; witnessing of physical and psychological parental violence; bullying), communication patterns (demand/demand, partner demands/man withdraws, man demands/partner withdraws), and IPV (psychological, physical, coercive control). Results from a path analysis reveal that having sustained a higher number of different forms of childhood trauma is directly related to men's higher risk of perpetrating psychological IPV. CCT is also indirectly related to higher perpetrated psychological and physical IPV and coercive control through a higher report of the demand/demand communication pattern and a higher report of the man demands/partner withdraws communication pattern. The tested model explains 23% of the variance in psychological IPV, 6% of the variance in physical IPV, and 12% of the variance in coercive control. Results highlight the importance of assessing, in therapy, both distal and proximal variables associated with IPV, including the accumulation of many forms of childhood interpersonal trauma, and to tailor trauma-informed interventions that promote constructive communication strategies.

아동기 부정적 경험과 결혼만족도의 관계에서 역기능적 의사소통 방식의 매개효과

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the mediating effects of dysfunctional communication patterns on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences(ACEs) and marital satisfaction. Methods To this end, a survey was conducted on 235 people aged 20 to 69 who are currently married, and 221 data were used for the final statistical analysis. For the collected data, descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed using the SPSS 23.0 statistical program, and hierarchical regression analysis was performed to verify the influence of control variables. Also, Process Macro v4.0 Model 4 was used to analyze the mediating effects. Results It was found that adverse childhood experiences and dysfunctional communication patterns directly affect marital satisfaction, and dysfunctional communication patterns completely mediate between adverse childhood experiences and marital satisfaction. In addition, among the sub-variables of the dysfunctional communication patterns, criticism, contempt, and stonewalling completely mediated between adverse childhood experiences and marital satisfaction, and defensiveness partially mediated. Conclusions The results of this study showed that rather than directly predicting marital satisfaction through adverse childhood experiences, those who used a lot of dysfunctional communication patterns among those who had adverse experiences in childhood perceived marital satisfaction as low. Therefore, in the therapeutic intervention to improve marital satisfaction in the couple therapy counseling field, it may be more effective to examine whether the couple had adverse childhood experiences in their original family and whether the couple engage in dysfunctional communication patterns of criticism, defensiveness, contempt, and stonewalling in conflict situations, and focus on causes and alternatives.

Attachment Insecurities and Sexual Coercion in Same- and Cross-Gender Couples: The Mediational Role of Couple Communication Patterns

The use of subtle strategies to have sex with an unwilling partner is harmful to a couple’s sexual well-being but these strategies remain understudied. This research examined the mediating role of communication patterns in the associations between attachment insecurities and sustained sexual coercion in 145 same- and cross-gender couples, and the moderating role of partners’ gender. In addition to actor and partner effects, results revealed significant indirect effects from attachment insecurities to sexual coercion via communication patterns, with moderating effects of gender. Results may help practitioners and researchers understand the ways attachment insecurities and dysfunctional communication patterns can manifest in the experience of subtle forms of sexual coercion within couples.

Communication Problems in Software Development — A Model and Its Industrial Application

Attaining effective communication within and across organizational units is among the most critical challenges for success in software development organizations. This paper presents a novel model, supporting analysis of problems in inter-departmental communication events. The model was developed and designed based on industrial needs emphasizing flexibility, applicability and scalability. The model covers central communication aspects in order to provide a useful approximation of communication problems rather than in-depth modeling on message-by message basis. Other event-specific information, such as costs, can then be attached to enrich analysis and understanding. To exemplify and evaluate the model and collect feedback from industry, it was applied to 16 events at a Swedish automotive manufacturer where communication between two departments had broken down during development of software-intensive systems. The evaluation showed that the model helped structure and conduct systematic data collection and analysis of dysfunctional communication patterns. We found that insufficient understanding of the matters being communicated was prevalent, but also more specifically, requirements were insufficiently balanced, detailed and specified over the full system development cycle. Besides, the long-term cost for the company was analyzed in depth for each event, yielding a total estimated cost for the analyzed communication events of 11.2MUS$.

Insecure Attachment Predicts History of Divorce, Marriage, and Current Relationship Status

ABSTRACTThe goal of this research was to test the predictive ability of attachment styles and dysfunctional relational communication patterns to predict adults’ relationship status (i.e., single/partnered and ever-married/ever-divorced). Anxious and avoidant attachment styles and dysfunctional relational communication patterns (i.e., criticism, defensiveness, contempt, stonewalling) were predictors of relationship status in 413 adults who participated in an online survey. The results indicated that anxious and avoidant attachment styles significantly predicted both history of divorce and single versus partnered relationship status. The dysfunctional communication patterns did not explain a great deal of variance in relationship history and status above and beyond insecure attachment, although dysfunctional communication was significantly and consistently associated with insecure attachment. These results indicate that some of the individual characteristics that generate a risk for divorce might also pose a barrier to repartnering after a divorce.

Rejection Sensitivity and Dysfunctional Communication Patterns of Serial Arguing

Rejection Sensitivity and Dysfunctional Communication Patterns of Serial Arguing

Rodzinne wzorce komunikacyjne a kompetencje językowe dzieci z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną w wizji sukcesu edukacyjnego

Learning disabilities are a problem of education in each country. Still there are no effective methods to counter the phenomenon. Research results indicate that learning disabilities are a common cause of dropping out of school. B. Fatyga in her scientific research shows that are other (most important, in the teachers’ opinions) reasons, for example – negligent parenting, lack of child care. Analysis shows that it is not due to pathology in the family, the poor economic situation of the family or a low level of education of the parents. It is possible that the cause of diffi culties in learning (in some of the children) are dysfunctional communication patterns learned from the family environment.

Dyadic coping and relationship functioning in couples coping with cancer: A systematic review

Cancer not only affects the patient but also the partner. In fact, couples may react as a unit rather than as individuals while coping with cancer (i.e., dyadic coping). We assessed (1) the relationship between dyadic coping and relationship functioning in couples coping with cancer and (2) whether intervention studies aimed at improving dyadic coping were able to enhance the relationship functioning of these couples. Recommendations for future studies are provided. A systematic search was conducted to identify all eligible papers between January 1990 and September 2012. The databases PubMed, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE were screened. Most studies (n = 33) used an appropriate study design, adequate measurements, adequate analytical techniques, and a sufficient number of included participants to answer addressed research questions. However, the definition and assessment of dyadic coping strategies differed, which hampered comparison. Coping styles characterized by open and constructive (cancer-related) communication, supportive behaviours, positive dyadic coping, and joint problem solving were related to higher relationship functioning, whereas dysfunctional communication patterns (e.g., protective buffering, demand-withdraw communication), unsupportive behaviours, and negative dyadic coping were related to lower relationship functioning. The results of the intervention studies were inconsistent: while some studies reported a beneficial effect on relationship functioning, other studies report no such effect, or only found a positive effect in couples with fewer personal relationship resources. This review showed that adequate dyadic coping may improve relationship functioning, while dysfunctional dyadic coping may impede relationship functioning. In order to increase the comparability of the reported findings, a more uniformly conceptualized perspective on dyadic coping is needed. A better understanding of the dyadic challenges couples coping with cancer may face and more insight on how to expand the dyadic coping of these coupes might facilitate improvements in the quality of cancer care. Couple-based intervention studies may increase the couples' relationship functioning. However, future research is needed to examine more specifically which couples may benefit from such interventions. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Dyadic coping may influence the distress experienced by both members of the couple and their relationship functioning. Several reviews already reported on the potential of couple-based interventions to improve the dyadic coping of couples coping with cancer and on the beneficial effects of this coping on the psychosocial adjustment and relationship functioning of patients and partners (e.g., Badr & Krebs, 2012; Martire, Shulz, Helgeson, Small, & Saghafi, 2010; Regan et al., 2012). However, even though we now know that couple-based intervention might be useful, no systematic review has been conducted that focuses specifically on the mechanisms of dyadic coping itself. What does this study add? This review showed the importance of stress communication, supportive behaviours, and positive dyadic coping for the maintenance or enhancement of relationship functioning in couples coping with cancer. In addition, the dyadic intervention studies send an important message that encourages to further examine the potential benefit of such interventions in future. However, more consensus in the conceptualization and assessment of the dyadic coping styles is needed in order to increase the comparability of the reported findings.

분노조절문제를 가진 아동에 대한 가족치료 사례연구

This study aimed to explore the anger of child, the factors influencing the anger of child, the therapeutic techniques of therapist to resolve the marital conflict as well as the anger of child and the changes of family members after getting family therapy. The data was consisted of recording transcripts and note-taking of 8 sessions family therapy. The study used a constant comparative analysis and Miles & Huberman's matrix and network display as analysis method. The anger of child included aggressive and violent behavior, temperament, fear, anxiety, and negligence of rule. The study revealed parental dysfunctional communication patterns and parental experiences from family of origin as factors influencing the anger of child. The study found therapist's self-disclosure, sharing and comparing with similar cases, explanation of dysfunctional communication patterns, explanation about similarity in generational transmission process, and suggestion of new solutions as therapeutic techniques. The result of study showed the alleviation of marital conflict, the amelioration in the anger of child, and the change in the relationships of family members after getting family therapy.

Action and Reflection: The Emotional Dance between Consultant and Client

In this article, I explore subtle, mostly out-of-awareness dialogues between consultants and clients and highlight how consultants use themselves as an “instrument” when dealing with their clients - using their own reactions to help interpret what the client is trying to transmit to them. To deconstruct these dialogues, I touch on the meaning of transference and countertransference, processes originating from early mother-infant communication and essential to the ability “to listen with the third ear.” I discuss four types of transference-countertransference interface between consultant and client and identify the indicators to which consultants need to pay attention when dealing with their clients. I also explore dysfunctional communication patterns.

S46-01 The impact of paternal depression in infancy: A mechanism for the intergenerational transmission of risk

The adverse influence of parental psychopathology on child development has been the focus of intense research in recent years, yet we are only beginning to understand the factors that explain this intergenerational transmission. Depressive symptoms in fathers have received relatively little attention when compared to research on the impact of maternal depression on children's emotional and behavioural problems. Recent evidence suggests that paternal depressive symptoms in the postnatal period are associated with an increased risk of toddler behaviour problems, which persist in clinical significance into childhood. This research examines a model of ‘social-environmental transmission’ of paternal psychopathology. We compared patterns of parent-infant interactions among families with depressed and non-depressed fathers to address the following question: Are the early interactions of depressed fathers characterised by maladaptive affect, behaviour and cognitions? This study is part of an on-going longitudinal investigation, The Oxford Fathers Project (OFP) of families who are followed when infants are 3 months to 2 years of age. Paternal behaviours, including verbal comments and interactive behaviour were examined during free-play with their 3-month old infants. Father's behaviour was coded from Fiori-Cowley and Murray's (1996) Global Rating Scale and verbal transcripts were examined for cognitive and mentalizing statements.Preliminary results suggest a higher proportion of infant directed negativity, in the verbal content of depressed fathers. Further analysis will be conducted and presented at the meeting. Discussion emphasises the importance of dysfunctional communication patterns in father-infant interactions that provide important clinical hypotheses as well as targets for identification and early intervention.

Spiritual disclosure between older adolescents and their mothers.

This study examines the role of spiritual disclosure within older adolescent-mother relationships. Spiritual disclosure is defined as mutual disclosure of personal religious and spiritual beliefs and practices. Three hundred 18- to 20-year-old college students and 130 of their mothers reported on spiritual disclosure in their relationships. According to both parties, greater spiritual disclosure was related to higher relationship satisfaction, greater use of collaborative conflict resolution strategies, less dysfunctional communication patterns, less verbal aggression, and increased general disclosure in mother-adolescent relationships beyond global religiousness and demographics. Spiritual disclosure also predicted unique variance in collaborative conflict resolution strategies beyond these factors and general disclosure. The findings underscore the value of attending to the interpersonal dimension of religion/spirituality. More specifically, the results suggest that spiritual disclosure is an indicator of relationship quality, one that is tied to better relationship functioning, and one that merits further attention in studies of family dynamics.

Implementing an Electronic Medical Record in a Family Medicine Practice: Communication, Decision Making, and Conflict

Electronic medical record (EMR) systems offer substantial opportunities to organize and manage clinical data in ways that can potentially improve preventive health care, the management of chronic illness, and the financial health of primary care practices. The functionality of EMRs as implemented, however, can vary substantially from that envisaged by their designers and even from those who purchase the programs. The purpose of this study was to explore how unique aspects of a family medicine office culture affect the initial implementation of an EMR. As part of a larger study, we conducted a qualitative case study of a private family medicine practice that had recently purchased and implemented an EMR. We collected data using participant observation, in-depth interviews, and key informant interviews. After the initial data collection, we shared our observations with practice members and returned 1 year later to collect additional data. Dysfunctional communication patterns, the distribution of formal and informal decision-making power, and internal conflicts limited the effective implementation and use of the EMR. The implementation and use of the EMR made tracking and monitoring of preventive health and chronic illness unwieldy and offered little or no improvement when compared with paper charts. Implementing an EMR without an understanding of the systemic effects and communication and the decision-making processes within an office practice and without methods for bringing to the surface and addressing conflicts limits the opportunities for improved care offered by EMRs. Understanding how these common issues manifest within unique practice settings can enhance the effective implementation and use of EMRs.

Attitudes of female nurses and female residents toward each other: a qualitative study in one U.S. teaching hospital.

To describe the attitudes of female nurses and female resident physicians toward each other in surgery, internal medicine, obstetrics-gynecology, and emergency medicine in one Midwest teaching hospital in the United States. Using a qualitative methodology, 51 women were interviewed in 2002: 28 nurses and 23 residents. Questions were asked to determine if and how female nurses and female residents believed gender was a factor in their interprofessional relationships, how each described their relationship with the other, the kind of assistance female nurses provide to female residents, the kind of assistance sought by female residents, and the strengths and challenges of the female nurse-female resident relationship. Data were analyzed using NUD*IST software. Consistent with similar studies conducted in Norway and Australia, the results include the following: For female nurses, occupation is secondary to gender, which is to say that gender is the most important link between female nurses and female residents. For female residents, gender is secondary to occupation/occupational status. With the number of female residents increasing each year in hospitals, this relationship should be further examined so that dysfunctional communication patterns between the two groups can be challenged.

Dealing with Conflict

Although faculty in graduate schools of business and nursing teach their students many useful technical and managerial skills, one area often not considered in depth is how to deal with dysfunctional departmental conflict and confrontation resulting from organizational politics and ingrained defensiveness. The authors discuss an actual organizational situation at Island Harbor Hospital (a pseudonym). They discuss how the situation was handled, and what lessons the organization eventually learned. They explore how increasing organizational learning and reducing dysfunctional communication patterns can enable an organization not only to approach its problems in a more effective way, but also avoid issues before they become problematic.

Use of an interactional model with survivors of incest.

Psychiatric mental health nurses are increasingly recognizing the traumatic effects of childhood incest on adult survivors. This article discusses a long-term group therapy that specifically deals with unresolved familial issues as a treatment for adult women who are survivors of incest. An interactional family model is described, as well as its use by nurse specialists who act as facilitators and surrogate parents in a long-term group process. Specific focus is on the use of the model in working through dysfunctional communication patterns and boundary and survival issues.