Analyzing urban sprawl in response to land use land cover change dynamics in Areka town and surrounding area: Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia

Intraoperative Analysis of Collateral Ligament Elongation Patterns by Coronal Plane Alignment of the Knee Classification Using Augmented Reality Navigation in Japanese Osteoarthritic Knees.

Resilience of forest composition, configuration, and structure following wildfire and harvest

Land subsidence dynamics in the Mekong Delta: Insights from local high-resolution geomechanical parameterization, numerical modelling, and geodetic observations.

A dynamic social-life cycle assessment based framework for social risk assessment

Dynamic life-cycle assessment of marine methanol pathways for low-carbon shipping in China

Acute pancreatitis (AP) necessitates accurate severity and prognosis assessment. While the Computed Tomography Severity Index (CTSI) is widely used, its time-dependent predictive value remains unclarified. This meta-analysis compares the predictive efficacy of CTSI across assessment times for AP outcomes. Systematic searches were performed in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science. Literature was collated by using EndNote 20. Methodological quality was assessed using QUADAS-2. Bivariate meta-analyses were conducted with Stata 16 and Meta-Disc 1.4. Analysis of 28 studies (n = 5,419) revealed significant time-dependent variations: CTSI achieved optimal sensitivity for severity prediction at ≤ 48h (0.84, 95%CI 0.78-0.89) with specificity 0.79 (0.76-0.82), and peak sensitivity for organ failure at ≤ 48h (0.90, 0.82-0.95) though with moderate specificity (0.52, 0.48-0.57). Mortality prediction showed the highest sensitivity at ≤ 72h (0.89, 0.74-0.97), despite suboptimal specificity (0.65, 0.61-0.68). Pancreatic necrosis detection demonstrated superior accuracy at > 72h (sensitivity 0.91, 0.84-0.95; specificity 0.82, 0.79-0.85). The pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values with 95% CI for overall predictive performance were: severity, 0.85 (0.82-0.88); organ failure, 0.86 (0.82-0.88); mortality, 0.85 (0.81-0.88); and pancreatic necrosis, 0.94 (0.99 - 0.96). CTSI exhibits distinct temporal predictive patterns: ≤48h assessments optimise early evaluation of severity/organ failure, ≤ 72h scans best predict mortality, while delayed imaging (> 72h) maximises pancreatic necrosis accuracy at the expense of clinical timeliness. Future research must standardise imaging timepoints, integrate CTSI with physiological biomarkers, and develop dynamic assessment models to resolve discrepancies in anatomical-pathophysiological prognostic factors in AP management.

A mathematical model for the drift and damage of drifting fish eggs incorporating multi-source damage factors

Brimonidine attenuates choroidal thinning and hypoperfusion in guinea pigs with form-deprivation myopia: Involvement of NOS and TGF-β1.

Objective: Face recognition ability is critical for social interaction and daily functioning, yet remains understudied in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The present study examined face recognition performance in MCI using a novel assessment tool incorporating dynamic stimuli, better reflecting the demands of real-world face recognition, and compared its neuropsychological correlates to those of a widely used static test. Method: Individuals with MCI (n = 46) and cognitively intact (CI) older adults (n = 42) completed two face recognition measures: EGEFACE, a recently developed test employing dynamic and static stimuli, and the Benton Face Recognition Test (B-FRT). A comprehensive neurocognitive battery was also administered. Results: Individuals with MCI performed significantly worse than CI group on both tests. The easy block of EGEFACE yielded a larger effect size in differentiating the groups (d = 0.65) than the B-FRT (d = 0.52). While B-FRT scores were linked to a broad range of functions, EGEFACE performance showed a more focused relationship with specific cognitive domains. However, these associations underscore the inherent interdependence of functions, consistent with the interactive organization of the brain. Conclusions: EGEFACE, particularly its easy block, offers a novel approach to assessing face recognition with enhanced real-world applicability. The correlational profiles suggest that while dynamic stimuli may provide a more refined perspective on face-specific processing, this ability remains fundamentally embedded within an integrated neurocognitive network. Dynamic assessment serves as a valuable complement to traditional tools for evaluating the multifaceted cognitive changes in older adults at risk for decline.

There is growing evidence that dynamic assessment shows high discriminant validity in classifying children with and without language disorders. The Dynamic Assessment of Narrative in Cantonese (DANIC) is a new tool adapted from the language subtest of the Predictive Early Assessment of Reading and Language. This study aimed to explore the acceptability of the prototype DANIC tool to inform further development and implementation. A mixed-methods approach was used. A postseminar survey and a focus group meeting were conducted to collect opinions from practicing speech-language pathologists (SLPs) of the prospective and retrospective acceptability of the DANIC, respectively. Correlation and regression analyses were used to analyze the quantitative survey data. Thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data using Sekhon's theoretical framework of acceptability. Fifty survey responses were analyzed. A high acceptability rating (3.24/4) reflected high prospective acceptability. Correlation analysis revealed that overall acceptability was linked to various factors, some of which were interconnected. Ten SLPs who had used the DANIC prototype with at least two children participated in the focus group. Thematic analysis identified eight themes and 30 subthemes. A mind map was derived to depict the interconnections of main themes and subthemes. Focus group participants were positive about the ease of administration and short duration of the DANIC. At the same time, they expressed concerns regarding scoring, interpretation of the scores, adapting to clients' characteristics, keeping clients motivated, and the cultural appropriateness of the test materials. This study found high clinical acceptability of the DANIC through quantitative data, with qualitative feedback indicating moderate acceptability due to varied expectations and experiences. The results highlight the multifaceted interplay of factors influencing acceptability. Broader implications on social validity were discussed. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.32137597.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) may adversely affect neurological recovery after cervical decompression, but its relationship with postoperative plantar pressure restoration in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) remains insufficiently defined. To evaluate whether preoperative glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is associated with postoperative improvement in plantar pressure distribution after posterior single-door laminoplasty in patients with CSM and DM. This retrospective single-center study evaluated diabetic patients with CSM treated with posterior single-door laminoplasty and followed for at least 24 months. Dynamic plantar pressure assessment was performed preoperatively and at final follow-up, with medial foot pressure (MFP) and lateral foot pressure (LFP) used as the primary biomechanical outcomes. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between preoperative HbA1c and plantar pressure recovery after adjustment for selected clinical and radiological variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed as an exploratory assessment of discrimination. Postoperatively, plantar loading shifted toward a more physiological distribution, with reduced MFP and increased LFP. Higher preoperative HbA1c was independently associated with smaller improvements in both ΔMFP2 and ΔLFP2 at 2 years. Radiological parameters, including canal narrowing ratio and modified K-line interval, showed associations with outcome in univariable analyses, but their effects were attenuated after adjustment. HbA1c demonstrated fair discriminatory ability for unfavorable plantar pressure recovery, with AUC values of 0.72 for ΔMFP2 and 0.68 for ΔLFP2. In diabetic patients with CSM undergoing posterior laminoplasty, poorer preoperative glycemic control was associated with less favorable improvement in plantar pressure distribution at long-term follow-up. HbA1c may be useful as one component of preoperative risk stratification within a laminoplasty cohort, but its discriminatory performance was only fair and should not be interpreted as a stand-alone treatment threshold.

Enhancing or maintaining dynamic balance is essential for older adults to mitigate the risk of mobility decline associated with aging and to preserve their ability to engage in socially active and independent lifestyles. The Modified Figure-of-Eight balance test with tandem gait (MFEtan) was specifically designed to challenge mediolateral stability and assess balance control during tasks requiring continuous directional changes, providing a more demanding evaluation for high-functioning older adults. The test yields 2 performance domains: completion time and number of oversteps. This cross-sectional study evaluated the test-retest reliability and validity of the MFEtan test and discussed its implications for clinical utility in high-functioning older adults. Fifty-two participants (mean age = 69.6 years; SD = 3.8 years; 82.7% female) completed the MFEtan balance and other established balance tests (one-leg stance [OLS], Timed Up and Go, walking speed, and Functional Gait Assessment). The test-retest reliability of the MFEtan balance test was evaluated by repeating the test after a 5-7 day interval. Statistical analyses, including intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), Bland-Altman analysis, and minimal detectable change (MDC), were applied to assess the consistency of test results and quantify measurement error. Correlations with established balance tests were analyzed to explore potential validity relations. The MFEtan balance test demonstrated good test-retest reliability for completion time (ICC = 0.85) and oversteps (ICC = 0.93). The MDC95 for completion time was 9.49 seconds, with an MDC% of 26.68%. For oversteps, the MDC95 was 1.8 steps, and the MDC% was 62.63%, reflecting higher relative measurement variability. Significant correlations were observed between oversteps and performance in the OLS (r = -0.45, P =.001) and Functional Gait Assessment (r = -0.54, P < .001), suggesting its association with both static OLS and dynamic functional gait assessment balance control. The MFEtan balance test demonstrates good test-retest reliability and shows partial construct validity, suggesting that it captures distinct aspects of balance performance. It may serve as a valuable complement to existing tools for monitoring balance changes and guiding interventions in high-functioning older adults, especially when traditional tools show ceiling effects.

Longitudinal modeling of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposure in relation to changes in oxidative DNA damage in Taiwanese youth: A 10-year prospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT In children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), static assessment of narrative as well as Dynamic Assessment (DA) of syntax for instance can predict their future language skills. However, the predictive value of a DA of narrative has never been explored. This study addresses that gap. Twenty-one children with DLD (M age = 9;5) completed a DA with a pre-test/teaching/post-test procedure, followed by a Delayed Post-test (DP) 12 weeks later. In pre-, post-test and DP, children engaged in a story generation (Story 1) and two story-retellings (Stories 2 and 3). The teaching phase of the DA targeted macro- and microstructure of Story 2. Our results showed that our DA of narrative enabled the prediction of DP scores 12 weeks later, only by considering macrostructure. As for microstructure, the pre-test of our DA was the best predictive measure. Our study adds to the existing literature on predictors of narrative skills.

Dynamic assessment (DA), grounded in Vygotsky's sociocultural theory (SCT), evaluates learners' developmental potential through mediated support within the zone of proximal development (ZPD). However, limited research has examined how AI-assisted DA (AI-DA) may influence both learners' psychological attributes and language performance. This concurrent mixed-methods study investigated the effects of AI-assisted DA (AI-DA) on Chinese English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) learners' academic buoyancy, academic resilience, and reading comprehension. Conducted at a university in China, the study involved two intact classes ( N = 92) randomized into an experimental group receiving AI-assisted DA and a control group undergoing teacher-fronted sessions over 16 weeks. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to explore learners' perceptions of buoyancy and resilience, while quantitative data were obtained using a validated reading comprehension test. hematic analysis revealed that AI-DA enhanced learners' academic buoyancy by reducing daily frustrations and strengthened resilience through adaptive scaffolding that encouraged persistence. The quantitative analyses using t-tests and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) demonstrated that the experimental group exhibited significantly higher reading comprehension compared to their peers in the control group. Overall, the findings suggest that AI-assisted dynamic assessment can simultaneously support L2 reading development and learners' psychological adaptability in academic contexts.

In situ evaluation of an active-passive sampling (APS) technique for monitoring psychoactive compounds in effluent wastewater.

This study proposes salinity indices based on plant and substrate measurements to define reference thresholds for salinity management in potted crops, using Cestrum nocturnum as a model species. A greenhouse experiment was conducted with plants grown in containers and irrigated with nutrient solutions at three electrical conductivity (EC) levels (2.0, 4.5, and 7.0 dS m - ¹). Plant responses were assessed through vegetative growth, visual quality, flowering intensity, continuous stem diameter variation (maximum daily stem shrinkage, MDS), cumulative evapotranspiration (ETa), and substrate bulk EC monitored with sensors. Increasing salinity reduced vegetative growth, particularly shoot biomass, while enhancing flowering intensity at 4.5 dS m - ¹, indicating a shift from vegetative to reproductive development. The moving average of MDS (avgMDS) responded to salinity, showing both increases and decreases depending on stress intensity, and, when expressed as signal intensity (SI: control/salinity), discriminated between stress levels, establishing alert (1.10) and critical (1.38) thresholds. Salinity decreased ETa by 35% and 65% at 4.5 and 7.0 dS m - ¹, respectively, and ETa-based SI defined alert (1.20) and critical (1.55) thresholds. The hourly moving average of bulk EC (avgECb) enabled continuous assessment of salinity dynamics, minimizing the influence of substrate moisture variability. The use of avgMDS, ETa, and avgECb enables the detection and interpretation of salinity stress by integrating plant physiological responses with substrate conditions, while the combined use of two or more indices improves the robustness of the assessment, providing a quantitative framework for salinity management in potted crops.

Cerebrovascular hemodynamics are increasingly implicated in cognitive aging and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography enables noninvasive assessment of intracranial blood flow dynamics. However, longitudinal data in older adults with and without MCI remain limited. This study aimed to longitudinally characterize cerebral hemodynamic and cognitive changes in elderly adults with and without MCI.This prospective cohort study included adults aged ≥60years enrolled through the CIMVAC registry and evaluated at a dedicated neurological assessment center. Participants underwent standardized clinical evaluation, neuropsychological testing, carotid duplex ultrasonography, and TCD at baseline and two-year follow-up. TCD parameters included peak systolic, end-diastolic, and mean flow velocities, pulsatility index, and resistance index in the middle cerebral arteries, with bilateral values averaged per participant.Ninety-nine participants completed 2-years follow-up. Baseline extracranial atherosclerotic burden was low, with carotid plaque identified in 16.7% of vessels. Over 2years, plaque prevalence and intima-media thickness increased significantly. TCD demonstrated significant longitudinal increases in pulsatility and resistance indices (both p < 0.001), while flow velocities remained unchanged. Cognitive performance declined modestly, with reductions in MMSE and IADLs scores and increased depressive symptoms. Although patients with MCI exhibited lower cognitive scores and lower baseline flow velocities, no consistent differences in Doppler-derived parameters were observed between MCI subgroups at baseline or follow-up.In elderly adults, TCD primarily reflects age-related changes in cerebrovascular resistance but does not reliably distinguish MCI from normal cognition. Nonetheless, TCD may serve as a complementary, low-cost tool for longitudinal cerebrovascular monitoring, particularly in resource-limited settings.

Rationale:Venous thrombosis and hemorrhagic complications are rare but clinically significant risks during assisted reproductive treatments. This report describes comprehensive, evidence-based nursing interventions in a patient who developed calf muscle venous thrombosis and subsequent bladder hemorrhage with clot retention following oocyte retrieval.Patient concerns:A female patient undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation presented with calf discomfort and later experienced gross hematuria and clot retention after transvaginal oocyte retrieval.Diagnoses:Intermuscular venous thrombosis of the calf with concurrent bladder hemorrhage.Interventions:A multidisciplinary, real-time nursing risk management strategy was implemented. Key interventions included enhancing the patient’s awareness of condition-related risks to promote active participation in care; continuous monitoring of bleeding risk through dynamic assessment of clinical indicators; strengthening acute-phase thrombosis management with early, evidence-based measures to prevent progression; optimizing bladder irrigation using a diluted hydrogen peroxide solution following careful evaluation of hemostatic and coagulation parameters; providing structured psychological support to address anxiety and emotional stress; and implementing phased, individualized follow-up nursing care after discharge, guided by Orem’s self-care deficit nursing theory.Outcomes:Bleeding was successfully controlled, and the patient achieved favorable postoperative recovery without complications. During follow-up, systematic nursing interventions and health education reinforced self-care and risk awareness. In February 2025, the patient underwent frozen embryo transfer, achieved a successful pregnancy and delivery.Lessons:This case highlights the importance of comprehensive, evidence-based nursing management to address rare but serious complications of assisted reproductive procedures. Integrating real-time risk monitoring, targeted hemostatic interventions, psychological support, and structured follow-up care can optimize outcomes, enhance patient self-management, and improve long-term reproductive success.