Dual Stage Research Articles

How Positive and Negative Electronic Word of Mouth (Ewom) Affects Customers’ Intention to Use New Online Channels: A Dual Stage Multi Group-Sem and Ann Analysis

How Positive and Negative Electronic Word of Mouth (Ewom) Affects Customers’ Intention to Use New Online Channels: A Dual Stage Multi Group-Sem and Ann Analysis

Techniques of the Smart Textile Utilization as Soilless Board in Vertical Cultivation

Vertical cultivation is the most important method in the future spatially in smart agriculture systems. The fourth different thickness soilless textile was used as the board to cultivate water-cress (Eruca Sativa). The vacuum pump model VRI V3 Dual Stage Vacuum Pump was constructed and used in the preliminary experimental test. It’s run to measure the water content and water absorption percentage for soilless board under lab conditions. Different tests were evaluated for the absorption sample after elapsed time 0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 5, 24 and 120 hours. Soilless board textile with thickness 32 mm, 26 mm, 21 mm and 16 mm made from the following material: woven fabric of Cotton. The four mattresses of smart textile as soilless vertical cultivation, measuring 40 cm width 60 cm length were created; it has filler from soft sawdust, a mixture of red (beech) and white (Swedish) wood. The result of preliminary test illustrated that the soilless board may be able to keep the amount of water for more than 72.3% after 5 days from edit water to soilless board. The soilless smart with 32 mm thickness gave highly growths of water-cress compared with the other smart mattress.

Performance analysis of a dual stage deep rain streak removal convolution neural network module with a modified deep residual dense network

Performance analysis of a dual stage deep rain streak removal convolution neural network module with a modified deep residual dense network

Dual Stage Semantic Information Based Generative Adversarial Network for Image Super-Resolution

Dual Stage Semantic Information Based Generative Adversarial Network for Image Super-Resolution

Impact of hydrodynamic conditions on optimum power generation in dual stage pressure retarded osmosis using spiral-wound membrane

The Dual Stage Pressure Retarded Osmosis technique is considered for power generation. The influence of feed flow rates, hydraulic pressure, and pressure drop on mass transfer and solute diffusion in a full-scale membrane model was investigated for the first time to maximize power generation. Dead Sea-seawater, Dead Sea-reverse osmosis brine, reverse osmosis brine-wastewater, and seawater-wastewater salinity gradient resources were investigated for power generation. Results revealed a 71.07% increase in the specific power generation due to the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process optimization using Dead Sea-seawater salinity gradient resources. The increase in the specific power generation due to the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis optimization was 108.8%, 63.18%, and 133.54%, respectively, for Dead Sea-reverse osmosis brine, reverse osmosis brine-wastewater, and seawater-wastewater salinity gradient resources. At optimum operating conditions, using the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process as an alternative to the single pressure retarded osmosis process achieved up to a 22% increase in the energy output. Interestingly, the hydraulic pressure at optimum operating conditions was slightly higher than the average osmotic pressure gradients in the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process. The study also revealed that power generation in the dual-stage pressure retarded osmosis process operating at constant mass transfer and solute resistivity parameters was overestimated by 2.8%.

Dual-stage amplified fluorescent DNA sensor based on polymerase-Mediated strand displacement reactions

A sensitive fluorescent strategy for DNA detection is developed based on a dual stage amplification process mediated by DNA polymerase. In the sensing method, there are two kinds of DNA probes used, including a hairpin probe (HP) and a double-stranded DNA (DSD) tagged with a quencher and a fluorophore, respectively. The presence of the target DNA triggers the two-step cyclic amplification reactions with the assistance of DNA polymerase, thus leading to the considerable fluorescence restoration. The experiment conditions are carefully studied to achieve optimal performance, including the construction of DSD, the concentration of HP, the reaction time, and the amounts of polymerase. Under the optimal conditions, the strategy responded linearly to DNA target from 0.5 to 50.0 nM with a relative low detection limit of 0.38 nM (according to 3σ/S rule). Moreover, the method shows good detection performance in serum samples, confirming its practical usage for efficient DNA assay. The mix-and-measure simplicity and dual-stage signal amplification make the developed method a novel way for sensitive detection of DNA.

A Mathematical Model for Fracture Networks with Considering Fracture Propagation and Closure in Shale

This study develops a semi-analytical model for fracture networks with considering fracture propagation and closure. To consider the volumetric fracturing, Warren-Root dual-porosity model is used to divide the reservoir into a fracture system and a matrix system. In addition, the discrete secondary fractures connected by hydraulic fractures are also taken into account. After model solution, it is found that flow stages of the theoretical well test curve of the multi-stage fractured horizontal well in shale reservoirs can be divided into: stage before the fracture closes, stage after the fracture closes, supply flow stage between secondary fractures and hydraulic fractures, linear flow stage, early dual radial flow stage, interporosity flow stage, late dual radial flow, and pseudo radial flow. The pressure and pressure conduction curves coincide with a straight line with a slope of 1 at stage before the fracture closes, which is similar to the wellbore storage effect. The shape of the derivative curve of dimensionless pressure and dimensionless pressure is similar to the behaviour of variable well-storage, during stage after the fracture closes. At the supply flow stage, there is a slight “dip”, which means that the reservoir fluid is supplied from the secondary fractures activated by fracturing to the main hydraulic fractures.

Medication nonadherence and patient cost responsibility for rural and urban cancer survivors.

4 Background: Little is known about the specific out-of-pocket costs which may lead to prescription nonadherence in older cancer survivors, and how patterns may differ for those living in rural areas. This study quantified patient costs overall and by residence for older cancer survivors who did and did not report cost-related prescription nonadherence. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, Medicare claims, and the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey linked data resource (SEER-CAHPS) from 2007-2015. Older cancer survivors self-reported cost-related prescription nonadherence in the prior six months. Patient cost responsibility (deductibles, coinsurance, copayments) was summed for all medical care received in the year prior to survey. Differences in patient cost responsibility by cost-related adherence was estimated using gamma generalized linear models adjusted for patient age, race, sex, education, dual Medicaid enrollment status, residence, comorbidity count, cancer type, stage, and phase of care. Models stratified by urban/rural residence as designated by Rural-Urban continuum codes assessed effect modification. Results: Of 11,829 older adult survivors of prostate (37%), breast (32%), colorectal (14%), gynecologic (10%), or lung (6%) cancer, 12% reported any cost-related prescription nonadherence in the prior year. Median age of survivors was 76 (interquartile range [IQR] 71-82), 15% had less than a high school degree, 59% had at least one non-cancer comorbidity, and 16% had ever been dual eligible. Prevalence of cost-related nonadherence was similar by patient characteristics. Median cost responsibility in the year prior to survey was $1,529 (IQR $744-$2,959) for patients reporting nonadherence and $1,123 (IQR $572-$2,362) for those reporting adherence. In adjusted models, patients reporting nonadherence had $656 higher patient cost responsibility in the year prior (95% CI $564-$760) compared to those reporting adherence. Approximately half of the difference in cost was outpatient spending (β = $277, 95% CI $210-$359). Differences in cost responsibility for patients reporting nonadherence compared to adherence were smaller for patients residing in rural areas (18% of respondents; β = $341, 95% CI $177-$564) compared to those residing in urban areas (82% of respondents; β = $715, 95% CI $613-$830). Conclusions: Compared to those reporting adherence, cost-related prescription nonadherence was associated with higher health care cost responsibility in cancer survivors. Furthermore, prescription adherence decisions may be more cost-sensitive for patients living in rural compared to urban areas. Interventions to address out-of-pocket health care costs, particularly for rural cancer survivors, could aid in increased prescription adherence and subsequent health outcomes.

In vitro expansion of human adipose-derived stem cells with delayed senescence through dual stage release of curcumin from mesoporous silica nanoparticles/electrospun nanofibers

Electrospun nanofibers (NFs) were utilized to realize the dual-stage release of curcumin (Curc) to fully support the attachment, viability and proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) with a delay in cellular senescence. For this purpose, both free Curc and Curc-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Curc@MSNs) were integrated into the electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatin (PCL/GEL) nanofibrous scaffolds and characterized via FTIR, BET, FE-SEM and TEM. In vitro drug release results demonstrated strong dual stage-discharge of Curc from the Curc/Curc@MSNs-NFs. Because of the combination of initial rapid release and late extended drug release, hADSCs cultured on the Curc/Curc@MSNs-NFs showed the greatest adhesion, metabolic activity and proliferation rate with a fibroblastic phenotype after 28 days of culture. Besides, a significant reduction in senescence-associated lysosomal α-L-fucosidase (SA-α-Fuc) expression and activity was also measured in hADSCs cultured on the Curc/Curc@MSNs-NFs. Moreover, not only the expression of hTERT in mRNA and protein levels was considerably increased in hADSCs seeded on the Curc/Curc@MSNs-NFs, but also the telomerase activity and telomere length were significantly enhanced in the scaffolds compared to the other types of scaffolds and control group. These results uncovered the potential of the two-stage discharge profile of Curc from Curc/Curc@MSNs-NFs to provide the biofunctionality of long-term cultured hADSCs for efficient stem cell-based regenerative therapies.

Dual stage fiber amplifier operating near 3 µm with milijoule-level, sub-ns pulses at 5 W.

We report a 2800 nm Er3+-doped fluoride fiber amplifier that delivers 1 mJ pulses with an average power of 5 W and pulse duration of 1 ns at 5 kHz repetition rate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest pulse energy achieved from a fluoride-fiber-based system operating near 3 µm, and the W-level average power and short pulse lengths make the system a promising tool for biomaterials processing.

Dual stage microgrid energy resource optimization strategy considering renewable and battery storage systems

Optimal operation of micro grids (MGs) with high penetration of renewable energy sources (RESs) has become inflexible as a consequence of the uncertainty and intermittency nature of RESs. Energy management along with battery energy storage system (BESS) is thus essential to minimize these uncertainties of MGs and to ensure continuity of energy supply and maintain the reliability of the system. In this paper, a dual-stage MG optimal energy management approach considering the BESS model and other dispatchable resources is introduced to minimize the operating cost. The proposed approach comprises of the schedule and dispatch stages. The mixed-integer linear programming is applied to solve the dual-stage energy management problem and the performance of the suggested technique is compared with the particle swarm optimization technique. The obtained results prove that the incorporation of the suggested BESS plant can significantly reduce the operating costs up to 7% and 6% when committed to supplying power in the scheduling and dispatch stages. The results also show that power loss has a considerable impact on MG energy management. The optimal simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed microgrid energy resources optimization strategy.

A fully matched dual stage CMOS power amplifier with integrated passive linearizer attaining 23 db gain, 40% PAE and 28 DBM OIP3

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce a new linearization technique known as the passive linearizer technique which does not affect the power added efficiency (PAE) while maintaining a power gain of more than 20 dB for complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) power amplifier (PA).Design/methodology/approachThe linearization mechanism is executed with an aid of a passive linearizer implemented at the gate of the main amplifier to minimize the effect of Cgs capacitance through the generation of opposite phase response at the main amplifier. The inductor-less output matching network presents an almost lossless output matching network which contributes to high gain, PAE and output power. The linearity performance is improved without the penalty of power consumption, power gain and stability.FindingsWith this topology, the PA delivers more than 20 dB gain for the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Band from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz with a supply headroom of 1.8 V. At the center frequency of 2.45 GHz, the PA exhibits a gain of 23.3 dB with corresponding peak PAE of 40.11% at a maximum output power of 14.3 dBm. At a maximum linear output power of 12.7 dBm, a PAE of 37.3% has been achieved with a peak third order intermodulation product of 28.04 dBm with a power consumption of 50.58 mW. This corresponds to ACLR of – 20 dBc, thus qualifying the PA to operate for BLE operation.Practical implicationsThe proposed technique is able to boost up the efficiency and output power, as well as linearize the PA closer to 1 dB compression point. This reduces the trade-off between linear output power and PAE in CMOS PA design.Originality/valueThe proposed CMOS PA can be integrated comfortably to a BLE transmitter, allowing it to reduce the transceiver’s overall power consumption.

ICT resources and use: examining differences in pathways to improved small firm performance

PurposeThe paper shows how small firms perceive the pathways through which access to and adoption of superfast broadband-enabled resources strengthen business performance. Improvements to broadband infrastructure do not automatically lead to adoption of opportunities made available through the broadband resource. Then, interventions can be used to alert small firms to new opportunities. However, the quality of interventions in terms of education and digital audits can be better targeted with information available on how small firms perceive the benefits from broadband access and whether these perceptions are reflected in business performance outcomes.Design/methodology/approachData are used from the Digital Maturity Survey from Wales. The study uses principal component analysis and a dual stage cluster approach to show how SMEs believe they are benefitting from broadband access. These belief-based perceptions of broadband inferred business benefits are tested against business performance variables.FindingsThe analysis shows variation in SME perceptions of the benefits of broadband-enabled services. This study reveals a cluster of firms which perceived routes to business value in terms of variables linked to security and risk management, and then more commonly held notions linked to communication, competition enhancement and productivity.Originality/valueWhile the research literature points to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) resources (ICT investment and skills) and use (digital applications), leading to new to business value improvements, this study suggests less work has sought to identify the critical themes identified by business owners in explaining how ICT resources and use tie to observed business performance. The study identifies these critical themes. The analysis suggests that these critical themes in terms of business value benefits as perceived by business owners can be summarised in terms of communication and competition benefits, and security and risk related benefits. The findings have a series of implications for interventions in the space.

Experimental investigation of steam-air gasification of Cymbopogon citratus using Ni/dolomite/CeO2/K2CO3 as catalyst in a dual stage reactor for syngas and hydrogen production

Steam-air gasification of Cymbopogon citratus was carried out to produce syngas and hydrogen in two reactors (fluidized bed reactor and a flow entrained reactor) heated at 600–1000 °C using Ni/Dolomite/CeO2/K2CO3 catalyst and equal/different steam to biomass ratios (SBRs). The steam-air flow rate was fixed at 4 g/min and 40% v/v. The gasification temperature influenced the overall hydrogen and syngas yield. At a fixed equivalent ratio (ER) of 0.27 and varying SBR, the hydrogen and syngas yield increased. At higher ERs, the heating value of other gaseous products, syngas, total gas flow rate and hydrogen decreased. The results also suggest that, at a temperature of 1000 °C and ER of 0.27, an SBR of 2 gave a maximum yield of 81.01 gH2/kg biomass. At ER = 0.27, the estimated vol% hydrogen and syngas are 78.95 and 58.67 vol%, thus implying that the syngas yield, can serve as precursor for hydrogen production. The results actually affirm the essentiality of ER as a good design parameter for steam-air gasification-reactors. In addition, at higher temperatures, a large amount of steam needs be consumed per unit mass of the biomass in order to convert the residual char to CH4, H2, CO and CO2.

Design & development of secured energy-efficient double-stage cooperative multi-path routing protocol in multi-hop co-operative WSNs to maximize the network lifetime & minimize energy consumption

In this research article, the development of a stable & secured energy efficient cooperative multi-path routing protocols for the WSNs using rejuvenated double stage cooperative multi-path routing protocols for effective transfer of data packets, to increase the network’s life-time and minimize the consumption of the energy, which is one of the proposed objectives. Here, design & development of an energy efficient dual stage cooperative routing protocol (DSCR) in multi-hop wireless networks maximizing the network lifetime, increasing the reliability and minimize the energy consumption, is being portrayed. The main objective of this article is to present an improvised / rejuvenated version of the dual stage data transfer scheme that computes the routing path by using cooperative mechanisms using the concept of reduced energies of the nodes. The work done is also compared with the work done by other authors in order to substantiate the effectiveness of the algorithm developed. This objective also demonstrates the various results obtained for all the test cases along with the necessary observations and explanations in the form of discussions and diagrammatic representations.

Modelling an Argon Propellant Dual Stage Cylindrical Electrohydrodynamic Thruster at Low Pressure

In recent years, electric propulsion reached a high level of impact for space orbital maneuvers, planetary journeys, or deep space missions mostly because of its significant exhaust velocity, and its high specific impulse. In this study, we model a corona discharge to describe the behaviour of several key parameters in dual-stage electrohydrodynamic (EHD) thrusters investigating two different configurations. It was found that, between the two geometries, the three-electrode geometry was the better method since the four-electrode geometry would create a slowdown area, thus decreasing the output thrust. By setting the first cathode with a negative voltage and the second connected to the ground, the ions and electrons would be accelerated in the first cathode and would be neutralized, by virtue of secondary electron emission taking place in the second. Overall, the dual stage three electrodes EHD thruster spends 8mW of electric power and delivers a thrust of 157nN with an efficiency of 32mN/kW.

Empowering Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Security Challenges in Smart Manufacturing

SM (Smart Manufacturing) is a broad category of manufacturing that employs a computer-based integrated manufacturing system, with a higher end of new adaptability and quick change in design structure, along with digitalization and effective workforce training. It is necessary to incorporate new techniques in the SM system to adapt to the changes in the present system. Smart factories increase the output of the unit, quality, and consistency maintenance by satisfaction for the customers. Smarter technology helps to get information with the help of computed technology in the organization through which the information/data will be recorded periodically. The Smart Manufacturing system which is very safer for the environment is known to us as Green Manufacturing (GM). Green-tech or Green Manufacturing is an umbrella term which comes under the same branch in one way or another which is used in several technologies or the field of science in order to bring up with products which are eco-friendly for the environment. GM is the most needed one which may lead to a higher level of development in the aspect of the economy. Moreover, the confidentiality of the information and the vulnerabilities they come with SM systems is also needs to be solved when it comes to Cyber security. Hence, we have proposed an efficient green manufacturing approach in SM systems with the aid of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cyber security frameworks. The proposed work employs a Dual stage ANN to find the design configuration of SM systems in industries. Then, for maintaining the data confidentiality while communication, the data are encrypted by using 3DES approach.

Dual Stage Trade Credit Policy for Integrated Inventory System

Dual Stage Trade Credit Policy for Integrated Inventory System

AFExNet: An Adversarial Autoencoder for Differentiating Breast Cancer Sub-Types and Extracting Biologically Relevant Genes.

Technological advancements in high-throughput genomics enable the generation of complex and large data sets that can be used for classification, clustering, and bio-marker identification. Modern deep learning algorithms provide us with the opportunity of finding most significant features in such huge dataset to characterize diseases (e.g., cancer) and their sub-types. Thus, developing such deep learning method, which can successfully extract meaningful features from various breast cancer sub-types, is of current research interest. In this paper, we develop dual stage (unsupervised pre-training and supervised fine-tuning) neural network architecture termed AFExNet based on adversarial auto-encoder (AAE) to extract features from high dimensional genetic data. We evaluated the performance of our model through twelve different supervised classifiers to verify the usefulness of the new features using public RNA-Seq dataset of breast cancer. AFExNet provides consistent results in all performance metrics across twelve different classifiers which makes our model classifier independent. We also develop a method named 'TopGene' to find highly weighted genes from the latent space which could be useful for finding cancer bio-markers. Put together, AFExNet has great potential for biological data to accurately and effectively extract features. Our work is fully reproducible and source code can be downloaded from Github: https://github.com/NeuroSyd/breast-cancer-sub-types.

Low power CMOS differential ring VCO designs using dual delay stages in 0.13 ​μm technology for wireless applications

This manuscript postulates two new designs of dual-delay stage for the four-stage CMOS differential ring voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs). Ring VCOs designs use dual-delay path techniques to achieve a wide tuning range with low power dissipation. The proposed VCOs are designed in TSMC 0.13 ​μm CMOS technology with a power supply of 1.3 ​V. VCO-1 generates tuning ranges from 5.188 to 7.932 ​GHz (41.82%), whereas its power dissipation varies from 1.853 to 2.711 ​mW by the change in control voltage from −1.0 ​V to 0 ​V. VCO-2 based on I-MOS varactors produces a tuning range from 4.918 to 7.268 ​GHz (38.56%) and dissipates the power from 1.853 ​mW to 2.711 ​mW. VCO-1 and VCO-2 exhibits phase-noise of −102.2 dBc/Hz and −99.5 dBc/Hz at 1 ​MHz offset from 5.834 ​GHz to 5.482 ​GHz central frequency, respectively. The figure-of-merit (FoM) of VCO-1 and VCO-2 circuit is −173.9 dBc/Hz and −171.2 dBc/Hz. Proposed VCO-1 and VCO-2 acquire an area of 247.62 μm2 and 248.04 μm2, respectively.