Drug Items Research Articles

Analysis of Drug Sales Patterns in the Belawan Naval Hospital Pharmacy Using Apriori Algorithm

Hospital pharmacy plays an important role in ensuring drug availability and effective stock management. With the increasing number of drug redemptions, manual data management becomes inefficient and can lead to understocking or overstocking. Therefore, a method is needed that is able to automatically analyze drug sales patterns to improve stock management efficiency. One approach that can be used is the Apriori algorithm, an effective data mining technique for finding patterns in drug redemptions. This study aims to analyze drug redemption patterns at the Belawan Navy Hospital Pharmacy using the Apriori algorithm. The data used is drug redemption data. The Apriori algorithm is applied to find relationships between drug items that are often purchased together, so that it can provide useful insights in drug stock management. The results of the study showed that the Apriori algorithm successfully identified several significant drug redemption patterns. These patterns can be used to improve the efficiency of drug stock management and ensure timely drug availability, as well as reduce the risk of understocking or overstocking. The results of the study used logistic regression to predict discrete (binary) values from a column based on values from other columns and the accuracy obtained was 1.0 or 100%. This study concludes that the application of data mining with the Apriori algorithm can provide significant benefits in optimizing the management of drug stock redemption in hospital pharmacies.

Improvement of Drug Stock Management Using ABC-VED Analysis in a University Hospital

Objective: Hospitals allocate approximately 35% of their budgets to pharmaceutical and material stocks in order to provide uninterrupted health services. For this reason, hospital managers spend a lot of time and effort in order to keep a minimum level of stock so as not to disrupt health service production and thus to better manage the limited resources of the enterprise. The aim of this study is to group the drugs according to their financial value and vital importance. In this way, it is aimed to perform stock management in the least costly, errorfree and effective way. Method: In the study, data corresponding to one-year (2021) consumption of a total of 1327 items of drugs were analyzed. The total cost is approximately 83 million ₺. In this study, an ABC-VED cross-analysis was performed on the one-year drug consumption data of a university hospital with 853 beds in order to provide an example of a more controlled inventory structure. Results: According to the results, it is seen that the ratio of drugs in the first category, that is, drugs that are both high cost and vital for the patient, to the total drug item is 38%. The cost of these drugs constitutes 87% of the total cost. Conclusion: Taking into account the classifications put forward in the study, strict monitoring of a small number of drugs and regular weekly counts will make drug stock management much easier for managers.

Drug utilization reviews to reduce inappropriate drug use and pharmaceutical costs in inpatients based on diagnosis-related group data.

Irrational pharmacotherapy and increasing pharmacy costs remain major concerns in healthcare systems. Pharmacists are expected to employ diagnosis-related group (DRG) data to analyse inpatient pharmacy utilization. This project aimed to pilot an efficient pharmacist-led programme to analyse factors related to pharmacy expenses, evaluate the rational use of drugs in batch processing, and make further interventions based on DRG data. Patients from the OB25 (caesarean section without comorbidities or complications) DRG were selected in 2018, and the most relevant factors were identified through statistical analysis. Interventions were implemented by sending monthly reports on prescribing data and drug review results for the same DRGs to the department starting in 2019. Pre-post comparisons were conducted to demonstrate changes in pharmacy costs and appropriateness at a tertiary teaching hospital with 2,300 beds in China. A total of 1,110 patients were identified from the OB25 DRG data in 2018. Multivariate linear analysis indicated that the number of items prescribed and wards substantially influenced pharmacy expenditure. Drugs labelled as vital, essential, and non-essential revealed that 46.6% of total pharmacy costs were spent on non-essential drugs, whereas 38.7% were spent on vital drugs. The use of inappropriate pharmaceuticals and drug items was substantially reduced, and the average pharmacy cost after intervention was 336.7 RMB in 2020. The benefit-cost ratio of the programme was 9.86. Interventions based on DRG data are highly efficient and feasible for reducing inpatient pharmacy costs and non-essential drug use.

The Usage Of Government Formulary For BPJS Inpatients With Ischemic Stroke In Indonesia

Introduction: Ischemic stroke patients tend to use some medicine. In National Health Security (JKN), the government has created a government formulary as quality control and cost control. The study aims to determine the percentage of government formulary in Hospitals and the affected factors. Method: It was cross sectional quantitative research. It used retrospective data from medical record and prescription of ischemic stroke inpatients from January to June 2019. The data collected include hospital characteristics, patient characteristics, supporting characteristics and treatment costs. Result: The data cames from 17 hospitals. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 257 medical records were analyzed. The average percentage of drug use was 73.22%. Its was influenced by the hospital class, the number of supporting examinations, the number of drug items. Type B and C hospitals used non government formulary. There were citicolin, mecobalamin, piracetam, neurotropic multivitamin, flunarizine. Conclusion: The average percentage of drug use was still less than 100%. There were still non government formulary drugs used for the therapy of inpatient ischemic stroke. The use of non government formulary drugs was influenced by the hospital class, the number of supporting examinations, the number of drug items.

Analysis of Drug Management at Tegal City Pharmaceutical Installation

Background: Medicine is one of the most essential elements in health service efforts. Good drug management will affect the availability of drugs and improve the degree of health in the community.Objectives: This study aims to determine the effectiveness and efficiency of drug management at the Tegal City Pharmaceutical Installation in 2021 related to compliance with the Indonesian Ministry of Health and WHO indicators.Methods: This research is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. Data was taken retrospectively through document tracing and supplemented with qualitative data through interviews to deepen findings in the field. Data obtained and the results of interviews with the Head of Installation and pharmaceutical personnel, totaling five respondents, will then be compared with standard indicators from the Indonesian Ministry of Health and WHO. Data analysis in this study used indicators of selection, procurement, distribution, and use of drugs. The values of the indicators that have been obtained are subsequently compared with the existing standard values.Results: The results of drug management research at the Tegal City Pharmaceutical Installation are at the selection stage of proposing drugs to Fornas. The procurement stage of drug suitability with Fornas is 96.4%, the fund allocation percentage is 92%, and the planning accuracy is 95.7%. The distribution stage of the level of drug availability 12-18 is 13.92 months, the accuracy of the number of distributions to the Puskesmas is 100%, the percentage of drugs experiencing empty stock, dead stock, and overstock is 0%, the percentage of damaged and expired drugs is 0%. The use stage of drug items per prescription is 3.5 drug items, the percentage of antibiotic use in non-specific patients is 30.7%, the percentage of non-pneumonia Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) antibiotic use is 34.2%, and myalgia injection use is 0%.Conclusion: The conclusion of drug management at the selection, procurement, distribution, and use stages in 2021 carried out at the Tegal City Pharmaceutical Installation has yet to follow standards. Of the 14 indicators studied, only 8 follow the standard, and 6 other indicators still need compliance to evaluation.

Overview of Sales and Investment of Generık Drugs "X" Pharmacy, Kampung Satu District, Tarakan City Using ABC Analysis in 2022

Pharmacies as health facilities and businesses, require good management to avoid shortages or excess stock of medicines. This research aims to optimize generic drug inventory management at pharmacy "X" using the ABC method. Using a quantitative and retrospective descriptive approach, generic drug sales data for the period January- December 2022 were analyzed. As a result, Group A consisted of 23 drug items with a total sales transaction of 5,877 (69.89%), Group B consisted of 28 drug items with a total sales transaction of 1,654 (19.67%), and Group C consisted of 71 items with the number of sales transactions was 878 (10.44%). In terms of investment value, Group A consists of 31 medicinal items with an investment value of Rp. 39,058,600 (69.63% of the total), Group B consists of 33 medicinal items with an investment value of Rp. 11,290,000 (20.13% of the total), and Group C consists of 58 medicinal items with an investment value of Rp. 5,743,300 (10.24% of the total). The ABC method can optimize generic drug inventory management at pharmacy “X”, enable prioritization based on sales frequency and investment value, and increase efficiency.

Penerapan Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Berbasis Metode Pareto ABC dan Optimasi Kualitatif untuk Efisiensi Pengadaan Obat

Drug procurement at Amandha pharmacy is still carried out with uncertain considerations, resulting in irregular scheduling, this will have an impact on inventory costs due to the accumulation of inventory in the warehouse or the absence of drug inventory, pharmacy managers have difficulty in making decisions for drug procurement, due to factors that must be considered, namely the number of drug item sales, investment and cost allocation. The purpose of this study is to create software with the application of the Pareto ABC method and qualitative optimization which will be one of the considerations in decision making in ordering drugs. In this new system, the number of drug procurements to be ordered is based on 3 values ​​as considerations, namely use value, investment value and critical index value, with reference to the Pareto ABC method having a class level divided into class A with an investment value of 70%, class B 20% and class C 10%, the system will provide recommendations as considerations for the agency in ordering drugs. The function of this research is as a consideration in solving problems and improving the quality of drug procurement. The results of the research are in the form of software for drug procurement decision support systems as a consideration in preparing a strategic ordering plan that supports increasing efficiency, effectiveness and benefits of the agency.

Drug Prescription Indicators in Outpatient Services in Social Security Organization Facilities in Iran.

The aim of this study was to estimate drug prescription indicators in outpatient services provided at Iran Social Security Organization (SSO) healthcare facilities. Data on all prescribed drugs for outpatient visits from 2017 to 2018 were extracted from the SSO database. The data were categorized into 4 main subgroups: patient characteristics, provider characteristics, service characteristics, and type of healthcare facility. Logistic regression models were used to detect risk factors for inappropriate drug prescriptions. SPSS and IBM Modeler software were utilized for data analysis. In 2017, approximately 150 981 752 drug items were issued to outpatients referred to SSO healthcare facilities in Iran. The average number of drug items per outpatient prescription was estimated at 3.33. The proportion of prescriptions that included an injection was 17.5%, and the rate of prescriptions that included an antibiotic was 37.5%. Factors such as patient sex and age, provider specialty, type of facility, and time of outpatient visit were associated with the risk of inappropriate prescriptions. In this study, all drug prescription criteria exceeded the recommended limits set by the World Health Organization. To improve the current prescription patterns throughout the country, it would be beneficial to provide providers with monthly and annual reports and to consider implementing some prescription policies for physicians.

Gambaran Penjualan dan Investasi Obat Generik Apotek “X” Kelurahan Karang Anyar Kota Tarakan Menggunakan Analisis ABC Tahun 2022

Pharmacies have a role in providing health services and as a business that follows the principle of profitability. If drug management is inefficient, it can result in excessive drug stocks and/or running out of stock of several types of drugs. This research aims to find out how big the percentage of drugs is in the number of sales transactions and the investment value in planning drug needs using the ABC analysis method at Pharmacy "X". This research is a retrospective study using quantitative descriptive methods. The object studied is data on the number of sales transactions for generic medicines at Pharmacy "X" for the period January-December 2022. The sample used in this study was 168 items of medicine sold throughout 2022 using a total sampling technique. The results of ABC analysis based on investment value show that group A consists of 34 medicinal items with an investment value of IDR 103,417,500 (69.43%), group B consists of 42 medicinal items with an investment value of IDR 30,276,000 (20 .33%) and group C consists of 92 items of medicine with an investment value of IDR 15,258,300 (10.24%). Group A drug items have the highest sales and investment levels, so it is important to ensure stock availability to reduce the risk of decreasing service quality and pharmacy losses.

Gambaran Penjualan dan Investası Obat Bermerek Apotek “X” Kelurahan Karang Anyar Kota Tarakan dengan Metode ABC Tahun 2022

Effective drug management requires careful inventory control to prevent problems with shortages or excess stock which can be detrimental to both the pharmacy and consumer service. This research aims to identify the percentage of drugs based on sales and investment transactions using the ABC method at Pharmacy "X" and grouping drugs into categories A, B, or C. This research is retrospective and uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The research object is data on the use of branded drugs at Pharmacy "X" for the period January- December 2022. The sample consists of 897 drug items throughout 2022, and samples were taken using the total sampling method. Data analysis involves marking numbers, item names, types, quantities, units, total prices, and trade groups, which are then sorted based on sales and investment transactions from largest to smallest. ABC analysis of this study shows that Group A dominates drug sales, while Group C has the largest number of drug items despite low movement. Close monitoring is required in Group A to prevent losses due to expired drugs. Pharmacy "X" needs to consider reducing inventory in Group C to optimize expenditure and storage space, thereby reducing the risk of expired medicines and increasing inventory management efficiency.

Navigating Changes in Patient Drug and Non-Drug Item Demands in Community Pharmacies Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare systems worldwide faced unprecedented challenges, with pharmacists playing a crucial role on the frontlines. They encountered a surge in patient requests for drugs and non-drug items related to the treatment and prevention of the disease. This cross-sectional survey aimed to assess changes in demand for selected drugs and non-drug items from the perspective of pharmacists in Jordan in the period from March to June 2021, and to explore the factors influencing this demand. An online questionnaire targeting pharmacists working in community pharmacies was developed, validated, and disseminated using social media (e.g., WhatsApp, Facebook, and Messenger). The study collected 390 responses from pharmacists working in community pharmacies. The findings revealed significant increases in demand for prescription drugs such as antibiotics (97.4%), antithrombotics (84.1%), and antivirals (66.2%), often without prescriptions. Non-prescription items, specifically minerals and vitamins, were highly sought after (100%). Demand also rose for non-drug items such as thermometers (89.0%), oximeters (85.1%) and oxygen concentrators (68.2%). Changes in drug requirements were consistent across Jordan’s districts. However, an association was observed between the increase in demand for antivirals and herbal supplements and chain pharmacies (p-value 0.037 and p-value <0.005, respectively). In conclusion, COVID-19 led to a significant upsurge in the demand for pharmaceutical products and devices, placing immense pressure on community pharmacies. The public's reaction to the pandemic, to combat and manage the disease, was consistent across Jordan, regardless of social, financial, and spatial differences among the population. The study highlights the importance of adequately preparing and educating pharmacists to provide accurate information and counseling to patients in such circumstances. Therefore, health authorities must ensure that pharmacists have access to the latest treatments and management protocols and provide clear guidance on using home treatment devices to the public.

Evaluation of Medication Planning with ABC-VEN Analysis at Indriati Solo Baru Hospital

Background: Implementation of ABC-VEN drug planning evaluation can improve the efficiency of drug stockpiles, reduce the risk of vacuum, and ensure optimal drug availability for patient care.Objectives: In this study, an evaluation of the 2021 drug plan was carried out at Indriati Solo Baru Hospital using ABC-VEN combination analysis to know the percentage proportions of each group as well as the characteristics of the drug.Methods: The type of research is descriptive analysis using quantitative data performed retrospectively. Primary data was used from direct interviews with the head of the pharmacy and logistics unit, as well as secondary information in terms of drug planning activities. Samples are data on drug planning, acquisition, and use in 2021. The data are then analyzed using the ABC-VEN method.Results: The results of the study show the percentage of drug items in groups A, B, and C at 13.28%, 20.68%, and 66.04%, with investment values of 69.99%, 19.99%, and 10.02%. Whereas in groups V, E, and N, there are 18.55%, 71.18%, and 10.28% with an investment value of 23.92%, 65.51%, and 10.57%. The evaluation results using the combination method ABC-VEN obtained drugs from the categories Priority (P), Main (M), and Supplementary (S), which are 148 items, 568 items, and 82 items.Conclusion: The use of ABC-VEN methods in drug stock evaluation is essential to accurately identify PMS medicines so that drug supply planning and management are more efficient and effective, as well as ensuring the availability of medicines that are optimally tailored to patient needs.

The evaluation of drug management (selection, procurement, and lead time of drug order) in hospital during COVID-19 in Indonesia

In the current COVID-19 era, one of the critical factors influencing the quality of hospital services is drug management, with planning and procurement being particularly pivotal to avoid drug shortages. This study aimed to examine the selection, procurement, and lead time aspects of drug management at the pharmacy installation hospital in Jakarta during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conducted as a descriptive study with retrospective data, total sampling was utilized to collect data, incorporating 1,413 drugs. The data, collected on observation sheets, underwent univariate analysis using Microsoft Excel. Results indicated that out of the seven measurable indicators, two met the standards: the percentage of allocated funds for drug procurement at 70.5%, and the frequency of errors in orders occurring five times. However, five indicators fell below the standards: the suitability of drug items with the National Formulary at 14.15%, the suitability of drug items with the Hospital Formulary at 68.15% (with an 80% benchmark), the frequency of each item's procurement in a year at a low category of 43.45%, the percentage of conformity between planning and reality at 99.61%, and the achievement of lead time for ordering drugs at 5.08 days. In conclusion, the selection, procurement, and lead time aspects of drug management at the "X" Hospital Pharmacy Installation did not fully meet the established standards. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare management implements and adheres to robust drug management system regulations, particularly during pandemic situations, to ensure optimal hospital services.

ANALISIS PELAYANAN BIDANG FARMASI MENGGUNAKAN INDIKATOR LAYANAN BERBASIS WHO: TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS

Pharmaceutical services in hospitals are an inseparable part of the hospital's health service system that is oriented towards patient service, the provision of quality and affordable pharmaceutical preparations, medical devices, and consumables for all levels of society including clinical pharmacy services. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the implementation of pharmaceutical services based on WHO indicators. The articles used were selected from the Google Scholar journal database published from January 2013 to December 2023. Keywords for the study included "service" or "pharmaceutical" or "pharmacy" or "indicator" or "hospital" or "WHO". A total of 476 articles were generated from the initial search, the author identified 8 articles on pharmaceutical services based on WHO indicators. Based on a systematic review, most hospitals have implemented pharmaceutical services based on WHO indicators. Based on a systematic review, the implementation of pharmaceutical services in accordance with WHO standards is the selection stage: conformity with the hospital formulary; procurement: frequency of procurement of each drug item annually and on an EOQ basis; distribution: the degree of availability of the drug; Usage: percentage of generic prescriptions, percentage of drugs delivered, percentage of drugs labeled complete and average time spent serving prescriptions.

Pharmacological Review of Drug Interactions

Drug interaction (DI) occurs when the effects of one drug are altered by the presence of another drug, herbal medicine, foods, drink or by some environmental or chemical agents”. Any time a drug is administered with another prescription or over the counter drug, herb or food item, there is the risk of interactions which may be potentially dangerous. Drug-drug interaction increases with the number of drugs used concomitantly. The drug whose activity is effected by such interaction is referred to as the “Object drug” while the agent that eventually precipitates such an interaction is referred to as the “Precipitant / Perpetrator drug”. It is worthy of note that drug interactions may cause drugs to be less effective, may induce unexpected side effects or rarely even increase the action of a particular drug. Many drug interactions have been found to be harmful. Approximately 3– 26% of adverse reactions related to hospital admissions are due to drug-drug interactions while, global prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescribing ranges from 13–35%. Up to 11.1% of patients actually experience drug interactions symptoms. An appraisal of drug interactions will help update our knowledge on the possible etiologies, mechanisms of action, adverse effects, clinical effects and desired advancements in therapies for drug interactions as well ways of managing same. Secondly, the systematic knowledge of drug interaction, especially at the level of absorption, elimination, transport and drug metabolism (pharmacokinetic profiles / variables) may help to prevent adverse effects. Predicting pharmacodynamic interactions often demands a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of effect even as Electronic prescribing systems have been found to be helpful in recent times. Also the rising cases of drug interactions in tropical and other regions of the world coupled with scarcity of literature in the subject area under study mandates the necessity for this write up, hence we write. Sources of literature were from PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar etcetera. The knowledge of drug interaction at level of absorption, elimination, transport and drug metabolism may help prevent adverse effects. Predicting pharmacodynamic interactions often demands a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of action even as electronic prescribing systems may be helpful.

GAMBARAN PERENCANAAN, PERMINTAAN, DAN PENERIMAAN OBAT DI PUSKESMAS BANJARBARU UTARA TAHUN 2022

Drug management at the Community Health Center is an important indicator of the quality of pharmaceutical services because it determines the success of Community Health Center management. Drug management activities aim to ensure that drugs can be managed optimally. This type of research is non-experimental with a cross sectional research design using an observation sheet from retrospective data for 2022 which was carried out in February – May 2023. The population and sample are planning, demand and acceptance in the 2022 period. Secondary data processing for this research sheet Drug Needs Plan (RKO) and LPLPO for 2022. The results of the research were that the suitability of planning with the Community Health Center Formulary was 85.43% of the 103 planned drug items, there were 88 items that were appropriate and 15 items were inappropriate, the suitability of planning with demand was 4.85% of the 103 items that were planned, there were 5 items that were inappropriate. appropriate and 98 items that are not appropriate and the conformity of requests with acceptance is 3.60% of the 139 items requested there are 5 items that are appropriate and 134 items that are not appropriate.

STUDY OF POTENTIAL DRUG INTERACTIONS IN HYPERTENSION PATIENS AT THE INPATIENT INSTALLATION OF PERMATA CIREBON HOSPITAL

Identification of drug interactions in hypertensive patients needs to be performed because they affect the achievement of therapeutic effects and can increase the risk of side effects. This study aimed to determine patient characteristics (age, gender, drug items used, and comorbidities), the potential for drug interactions in hypertensive patients, the severity of potential drug interactions, and the type and number of drugs that interact in hypertensive patients at the time of installation. Inpatient at Permata Cirebon Hospital. The sample in this study included patients diagnosed with hypertension at the Inpatient Installation of Permata Cirebon Hospital in 2022 who met the inclusion criteria. This was a descriptive analytical study with retrospective data on patient characteristics (age, sex, drug items used, and comorbidities). The results were analyzed in the form of an overview of potential drug interactions using the Medscape application in the form of percentages and tables. The results of the study of 264 samples of hypertension patients taken by random sampling obtained for drug interaction based on severity events were as many as 149 patients (56,44%) with the highest number of gender, namely women as many as 154 patients (58,33%), the level of severity at most, namely monitors as many as 261 events (82,33%). The most interacting drug was Amlodipine with Metformin, with 27 monitored interactions (8,52%). Drug interactions can occur due to the number of drug therapies used and the presence of comorbidities. Keywords: Hypertension, Drug Interactions, Permata Cirebon Hospital.

Control of Dead Stock and Slow-Moving Drugs in the Pharmacy Installation of the Kendari City Regional General Hospital

Background: Dead stock and slow moving is still one of the main problems in drug management in primary health facilities. Based on the results of initial observations, data was obtained from the Kendari City Hospital which showed that there were 7 drug items with a total number of 2,682 pcs that experienced slow moving and dead stock in 2019-2021. The purpose of this study was to analyze dead stock and slow-moving drugs at the Kendari City Hospital pharmacy installation Methods: This research method is qualitative research using a case study approach, with data analysis using the QSR NVivo 12 application with content analysis techniques. The sample in this study consisted of 6 informants. Results: The results of the study using NVIVO analysis showed the causes of dead stock and slow moving drugsin the pharmaceutical installation of the Kendari City Hospital, namely the pattern of prescribing, planning and control systems. Meanwhile, the control of dead stock and slow-moving drugs in the pharmaceutical installation at Kendari City Hospital consists of storage, hospital policies, communication, control systems, distribution, drug selection and planning. Conclusion: In conclusion, the causes of dead stock and slow moving in Kendari City Hospital are due to prescribing patterns, control systems and planning. As for the control of dead stock and slow-moving drugs in the pharmaceutical installation of the Kendari City Hospital, the ones that have been effective are storage, hospital policies, communication, distribution and selection, while what has not been effective is drug planning and control systems.

Profil Pengelolaan Obat dan Ketersediaan Obat

This study aimed to determine the profile of drug management and the availability of drugs hinge on 40 items of national indicator drugs at Enrekang’s Public Health Centers. This research method uses an observational descriptive study was conducted at a total of 14 public health centers in Enrekang Regency. A data collection sheet for the availability of 40 national indicator drug items in 2021 and an observational sheet were used as the research instrument. This study found that most of the public health centers in Enrekang Regency managed their drugs in the good category with a percentage of planning at 64.3%, procurement at 100%, reception at 100%, storage at 57.1%, distribution at 71.4%, destruction and withdrawal at 92.9%, control at 71.4%, administration of recording and reporting at 57.1%. Based on category, the availability percentage of 40 national indicator drug items at Enrekang’s Public Health Centers was safe at 56%, empty at 4.4%, less at 10.5%, and excess at 29.1%. In conclusion, most of the public health centers in Enrekang Regency managed their drugs in the good category, the availability of drugs in Enrekang’s Public Health Centers with a safe category is only 56%.
 
 Keywords: Drug Availability, Drug Management, Public Health Center

Evaluation of Drug Management and Improvement Strategies Using the Hanlon Method in the Pharmacy Installation of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Surakarta, Indonesia

A hospital pharmacy (FRS) is a unit in a hospital that carries out health efforts by providing quality health services. Medication management in FRS is an important management aspect in achieving service quality. Therefore, IFRS must be managed effectively and efficiently. Inefficiency in use can have a negative impact on hospitals both medically and economically. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug management, including selection, procurement, distribution, and use, based on the 2020 National Formulary standards and improvement strategies using the Hanlon method at the pharmacy installation of Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in 2020. This research is a type of descriptive research with retrospective and concurrent data collection. Data was taken from retrospective data in 2020 and data at the time the research was conducted. Research materials include primary data obtained from observation of research data in the form of document selection, procurement, distribution, and use of medicine in the IFRS Dr. Moewardi General Hospital. Secondary data was obtained from interviews with the head of the pharmacy installation at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta, the head of planning, and the head of ULP (procurement services unit). The results of the research show that 1) Medication management in the pharmacy installation at Dr. Moewardi General Hospital Surakarta is not yet efficient at this stage of selection. It is known that the availability of existing medicines does not comply with FORNAS standards in 2020. then, in stage procurement, there is 1 out of 5 indicators that meet the standard; in stage distribution, 5 indicators were obtained, or all of them were not standard, and in staged use, it was found that 1 of the 5 indicators met the standard. 2) The improvement strategy uses the Hanlon method in drug management, namely prioritizing problem repairs sequentially, starting from the percentage of conformity with the number of drug items available with FORNAS to the number of drug items per prescription sheet.