This review provides a detailed assessment of the incorporation of conductive polymers in common A-ZIB positive electrode materials, drawing attention to potential misinterpretations and offering strategies for good experimental practices.

This study analyses the strategies of the Orang Tua Bergerak movement in advocating against the alleged wrongful arrest in the Gedongkuning klitih case of 2022 by employing both digital (online) and direct (offline) methods. Using a qualitative approach and content analysis, this study identifies the strategic and communicative practices developed by the movement in collaboration with cross-movement actors. The findings reveal three key points. First, Orang Tua Bergerak utilised social media platforms, including Instagram, X, and Facebook, to disseminate digital posters, online writings, petitions, and documentary videos. These outputs incorporated injustice framing, aimed at mobilising broader solidarity and drawing attention from diverse movements. Second, the participation of cross-movement networks amplified public sympathy and encouraged the circulation of injustice narratives, which increased societal awareness of the Gedongkuning incident. Third, the heightened public attention was strategically leveraged by Orang Tua Bergerak to conduct direct advocacy at local and national levels, including hearings, discussions, and the Kamisan protest. These findings show how digital mobilisation complements direct action in sustaining advocacy and amplifying social justice campaigns. This study contributes theoretically by conceptualising the transition from digital activism to direct collective action within hybrid social movement frameworks.

Lithium (Li) is an alkaline microelement with highly functional properties. It has beneficial effects in many areas, including health, industry, and energy, in vital processes. Scientific investigations have revealed that it has a positive impact on individuals, prevents various behavioral issues, and has significant medical applications. Li is used in the treatment of mental disorders such as bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease, major depressive disorder, and mood stabilization. According to the researchers, Li is an essential trace element with a recommended daily intake of 1 mg/day for a 70-kg adult. Li level in food and beverages varies depending on the type and location of the food. In this context, it is crucial to determine the level of Li, a functional microelement, in the foods and beverages consumed for a healthy life. This review aims to inform about the importance of lithium and its levels in food, as well as draw attention to lithium bioavailability and the development of lithium-enriched functional foods and beverages.

French philosopher Gilles Deleuze often expresses his belief in the power of experimentation in writing and praises Anglo-American literature for its venture into experimenting with lives. According to him, reading a long list of Anglo-American writers, including Henry James and F. Scott Fitzgerald, shows us that the sense of a life cannot be grasped, as it is full of unknown materials and their obscure, immaterial effects. Deleuze argues that healthy writers, having faced the impossibility of encompassing the entirety of a life, create lines of flight, move along with them, and discover worlds that enable themselves to transform. Then writing, as a process of becoming, turns out to be impersonal, while cracks and ruptures, often considered failures in life, appear as opportunities for literary creativity. This article will first explain why Deleuze views Fitzgerald’s The Crack-Up as a literary experiment with a life by focusing on his views on the impersonality of writing. Then drawing attention to Fitzgerald’s reference to American critic Edmund Wilson as his intellectual conscience, the article will attempt a speculative experiment with Wilson’s comments on James’s “The Turn of the Screw.” It will argue that Wilson’s sense of the text’s ambiguity, which is discussed by Shoshana Felman in depth, might have evolved critical interpretation into experimentation in a Deleuzian manner. Thus, the main protagonist of James’s novella, i.e., the governess, might have been considered as experimenting with a life as Fitzgerald does in The Crack-Up.

Although the abundance of attempt available for people with special needs, organized approaches and research regarding Down syndrome are obviously lacking. This study aims to address the lack of platforms that systematically provide services that meet the needs of people with Down syndrome and their families by designing a multi-functional, comprehensive, and systematic digital platform using the Structural System Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM), which is widely used within the field of systems engineering. For managing the project's complexity and offering an efficient system design, SSADM was chosen. In addition to drawing attention to the gap that currently exists, the study intends to create a website where people with Down syndrome can communicate with one another, exchange experiences, stay up to date on current events, get professional advice and legal information, and access educational and recreational materials that have been specifically created for them. The goal is to remove the present complexity, guarantee that the data that may be gained for the development of these persons is gathered together. Our main goal in this study is to bring together multiple services under a single platform for people with Down syndrome and their families. In this context, various studies conducted in the literature have been compiled and attempted to be presented in a review style to establish a theoretical framework.

Background: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into mobile health (mHealth) applications has been accelerated by the widespread adoption of smartphones and recent technological advances, particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. This experience has expanded the role of AI-powered apps in real-time health monitoring, early detection, and personalized treatment pathways. Aim: This review aims to summarize recent evidence on the use of AI in healthcare-related mobile applications, with a focus on clinical trends, practical implications, and future directions. Methods: Studies were prioritized based on methodological rigor, with systematic reviews forming the core of the analysis. Additional literature was considered to capture emerging trends and applications where a relevant rigorous screening and scoring procedure was applied to ensure methodological quality and relevance. Only studies addressing healthcare applications, rather than computational or computer science frameworks, were included to reflect the journal’s clinical scope. Results and Discussion: Fifty-six secondary studies were analyzed in detail. Thematic synthesis revealed a post-pandemic shift toward applications targeting mental health, chronic care management, and preventive services. Additional screening showed that, despite their increasing use in clinical contexts, few AI-based apps were formally classified as medical devices. This highlights a gap between technological innovation and regulatory oversight. Ethical concerns—including algorithm transparency, clinical responsibility, and data protection—were frequently reported across studies. Conclusions: This review underscores the growing impact of AI in mobile health, while drawing attention to unresolved challenges related to regulation, safety, and clinical accountability. A more robust integration into health systems will require clearer governance frameworks, validation standards, and interdisciplinary dialogue between developers, clinicians, and regulators.

Research objectives and problem(s): The aim of this article is to analyze parental public pedagogies from the perspective of two case studies. Research methods: This case study adopts a qualitative case study design and uses narrative interviews, observations, and document analysis. Process of argumentation: The article begins with a discussion of the theoretical foundations of public space, public pedagogies, and issues related to parental involvement. This is followed by a presentation of the research design, the findings, and a discussion of the forms of public pedagogies demonstrated in both cases. Research findings and their impact on the development of educational sciences: The people at the center of both case studies interrupt and disrupt the public space of which they are a part. Their interruptions express disagreement with what Gert J. J. Biesta describes as an “egological” form of existence: one focused solely on the individual self. Through their ongoing engagement with subjectivity, both participants—as parent and as teacher—develop a pedagogy of interruption. Conclusions and/or recommendations: The article concludes with reflections, including forward-looking ones, drawing attention to the role of networks of parent–researchers in public space in strengthening the subjective representations of both parents and researchers.

Dividend announcements symbolize one of the most substantial corporate verdicts intended at improving shareholder value. The price fluctuation surrounding pay-out announcements have long been a concentration of financial exploration, drawing attention from researcher, academicians, and professional, seeking to recognize the associations of corporate pay-out with share prices. These inspections predominantly aim to examine the semi-strong variant of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). The present research probes share price volatility surrounding dividend declarations for a sample of 82 firms listed in India, over the time span between April 2021 to March 2025. The present inspection employs the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model to calculate the alpha and beta coefficients, which are successively used to compute the Average Abnormal Return (AAR), Cumulative Abnormal Return (CAR), and Cumulative Average Abnormal Return (CAAR). The S&P BSE 500 indices is used as the market benchmark for figuring anomalous returns. An estimation window of 120 days (ranging between from −150 to −30 days) and an event window of 61 days (ranging between from −30 to +30 days) are applied for the event study analysis. The empirical finding specify that the AAR on the declaration day is 0.87%, whereas the CAAR for the event window is 2.52%. These outcomes propose an apparent positive valuation effect attributed to pay-out declaration thereby supporting the belief that such declaration subsidize to shareholder wealth formation. Therefore, the research concludes that pay-out declarations exert a favourable impression on the stock prices of Indian listed companies.

The study of apprenticeship and professional training of printers in Eastern Galicia in the second half of the XIX century remains an insufficiently explored topic in Ukrainian historiography. The Polish professional newspaper Czcionka (1872–1876) provides a unique source for understanding the socio-professional discourse of the printing community, revealing the conditions, practices, and challenges of vocational education during this period. The relevance of this research lies in its potential to illuminate the historical foundations of professional training and labor relations in the printing industry, contributing to a broader understanding of social and economic history in Galicia. The purpose of the study is to analyze the system of apprenticeship and professional preparation of printers in Eastern Galicia, using Czcionka as a primary source, and to identify the social, economic, and organizational factors influencing the formation of skilled labor. The research methodology combines historical-comparative, source-critical, and discourse-analytical approaches. Articles, reports, and correspondences published in Czcionka were examined to reconstruct the practices of vocational training, the role of professional competitions, and the treatment of apprentices by employers. The results indicate that apprentices often faced exploitation, excessive work hours, and delayed professional advancement, while employers frequently prioritized profit over proper training. The newspaper highlighted exemplary practices in other European regions, drawing attention to the necessity of professional guidance, proper remuneration, and the observance of apprenticeship regulations. The analysis also reveals early expressions of labor solidarity and the role of professional communities in advocating for fair treatment. The scientific novelty of the study lies in its systematic examination of the Czcionka as a source for understanding the professional, social, and cultural dimensions of apprenticeship in Eastern Galicia. Unlike previous research focused mainly on general union structures and labor movements, this study provides insight into the micro-level dynamics of vocational training and labor relations in the printing sector. The practical significance is found in the potential application of historical lessons to contemporary vocational education and labor policy, highlighting the importance of proper guidance, ethical management practices, and structured apprenticeship programs. Conclusion. The research demonstrates that the system of apprenticeship in Eastern Galician printing houses was marked by significant challenges, but also by efforts to professionalize the trade and protect apprentices’ rights. The findings contribute to the historiography of labor, professional education, and print culture in Central and Eastern Europe in the XIX century.

Grounded in Johan Galtung’s Theory of Structural Violence, this paper focuses on systemic oppression and militarized control in politically volatile regions, with particular emphasis on Kashmir. Through a close reading of Malik Sajad’s graphic novel Munnu: A Boy from Kashmir, it examines how societal-structures contribute to trafficking, especially exploitation of youth. The graphic novel, portraying the Kashmiri people as endangered hanguls, provides an intensely personal narrative that reflects the broader socio-political challenges faced by the region. By examining the recruitment of vulnerable young boys into insurgent groups and their coercion into criminal activities, this study highlights how conditions of poverty, lack of education, and constant surveillance create an environment that mirrors the exploitative dynamics of human trafficking. The research situates these experiences within the framework of structural violence, drawing attention to the manipulation and psychological toll inflicted on individuals forced into insurgent activities. It emphasizes the need for community-based interventions, including education and rehabilitation programs, as preventive measures against trafficking.

Between 2010–2024, successive Conservative-led governments in the United Kingdom implemented austerity measures and crafted powerful narratives to justify these policies. Right wing politicians, supported by the tabloid press, targeted the welfare state and the disabled individuals supposedly abusing the system, reviving centuries-old “undeserving poor” narratives to demonize benefits claimants as work-shy “scroungers” who have “broken” Britain. However, fictional counter-narratives (i.e., “austerity fictions”) have also started to emerge, such as Niall Griffiths’s 2019 novel Broken Ghost . Engaging directly with the political language of brokenness, the novel highlights the need to repair broken systems as opposed to broken individuals. Uncovering the aesthetics of the undead buried within the text, this article argues that the figure of the zombie depicts states of living death and the rotting corpse of the welfare state, while the spectral imagery brings to light the in/visibility of the debilitated protagonists, who are highly visible but socially and politically erased spectacles. Applying a crip lens, the suggestion is that the aesthetics of the undead also contain resistive potential, drawing attention to the shared experiences of living death across the dis/ability divide while offering generative possibilities for allyship.

Confocal microscopy provides images with a higher resolution and signal-to-noise ratio in comparison with wide-field illumination microscopy by eliminating the out-of-focus background. Besides the advances in confocal microscopy, new techniques like light-sheet microscopy, structured illumination microscopy, line-scanning confocal microscopy, or deep learning enhanced microscopy draw attention due to their advantages including higher image acquisition speed, higher contrast, and better resolution, and being more cost- effective. In this work, we first demonstrate the operation of a line-scanning confocal microscope developed using a digital light projector (DLP) and a CMOS camera with a rolling shutter. In this method, a series of illumination lines are projected on a sample by a DLP and focusing objective (50X, NA=0.55). The reflected light is imaged with a rolling shutter CMOS camera. The line-scanning confocal imaging is achieved by overlapping the illumination lines and the rolling shutter of the sensor. Significant improvement of ∼52% in image contrast is obtained using this technique. Then by using this setup, a dataset including 500 pairs of images of fibers of a tissue paper is prepared. This dataset is employed for training a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN) for deep learning enhanced microscopy. 95% of the dataset is used for the training of the net- work, while the remaining 5% is used for the validation. ∼45% and ∼47% contrast improvement was measured in the test images for CNN and cGAN, respectively, comparable to the ground-truth images.

This paper pursues a fleshy environmental ethic of gratitude and reciprocity based on the references to flower and song within Aztec philosophy. By drawing attention to the affects associated with smelling the enrapturing scent of flowers and hearing beautiful birdsongs, this paper argues that such passages offer an environmental ethic of right relations that weaves together mind, body, and land as well as beauty, love, and wisdom. These affective experiences not only cultivate a sense of gratitude for more-than-human others, but also engender a becoming, loving relation, which precipitates beautiful thinking and creative acts of reciprocity.

Purpose This study examines work experiences of people with visible physical disabilities, focusing on their social integration in organizations, an area receiving limited attention in academic literature, particularly in Israel. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative data were collected through semistructured in-depth interviews with 19 employees with visible physical disabilities (vision, hearing and limb disabilities). Findings Three central themes emerged: (a) “accessibility before everything,” describing the importance of organizational accessibility for professional and social functioning, (b) “there is someone to talk to,” focusing on employee-employer relationships and their effect on work routines and (c) “the person beyond disability,” emphasizing employees' active contributions to their own social integration. Practical implications These findings provide essential information for policy makers and employers to develop targeted inclusion programs. Organizations can benefit from creating accessible environments not only physically but socially, with management taking active roles in modeling inclusive behaviors while empowering employees with disabilities to advocate for their needs. Originality/value This study broadens the perspective on diversity and inclusion in organizations by drawing attention to the social aspects that must be considered when employing individuals with visible physical disabilities. It reinforces the findings of Novak and Rogan (2009) and applies contact theory as a theoretical framework for analyzing workplace integration. Moreover, the study challenges prevailing assumptions that individuals with disabilities are passive or lack influence over their social status within the organization. Instead, it offers a critical lens on the mutual interaction between environmental and personal factors as essential for fostering effective workplace.

This study examines the implementation of paternity and parental leave policies across Ibero-America, drawing attention to the similarities and differences between countries in the region. An exploratory review was conducted in Scopus. The results were filtered by time. Matches were then found based on abstracts and keywords. Official repositories were subsequently consulted to validate the results. Finally, the search was expanded to Google Scholar, which provided additional information and enabled the selection of three relevant cases (Chile, Colombia and Spain). This limited the analysis to the Ibero-American sphere. The results revealed significant variations in leave duration and usage, suggesting which countries are more likely to foster greater paternal involvement and reduce gender inequality in the workplace. The study discusses how differences in legislation and policies impact fathers’ involvement in childcare and its relation to workplace gender equality. The study highlights the need to strengthen family protection frameworks and parental co-responsibility models in Ibero-America, in order to support a more equitable distribution of childcare responsibilities within families, and to promote gender equality in the workplace and in wider society. In short, the study provides a critical analysis of parental models across Ibero-America, with the aim of informing changes in family dynamics and labour practices throughout the region.

This article examines linguistic forms of stigmatization of underweight individuals, with particular emphasis on communication in social media (Instagram, Facebook) and texts published on selected internet portals (including jastrzabpost.pl and kozaczek.pl). The research material comprises utterances and user comments published between 2010 and 2025. The study aims to identify and describe the ways in which thin people are stigmatized in media discourse. It also addresses the socio-cultural consequences of this phenomenon, such as reduced self-esteem, social isolation, and health-related problems, including eating disorders. Furthermore, the article situates the analysis within the context of the body positivity movement, discussing its influence on media representations and cultural trends, while drawing attention to the observed resurgence of the ideal of extreme thinness, which contributes to the intensification of stigmatization.

Thickening of the venous plexus surrounding the petrous ICA, known as Rektorzik venous plexus (RVP), is a marker of inward ICA remodeling from a substantial reduction in blood flow, but clinical application of its detection remains unexplored. We reviewed contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI and CTA exams of the head and neck acquired at our institutions to identify cases with asymmetric RVP thickening that influenced the diagnosis or medical management of neurovascular diseases. Five representative patients were included. Two patients with intracranial MRA or CTA interpreted as normal had asymmetric RVP thickening, in one case leading to cervical imaging that identified high-grade carotid stenosis, and the other case drawing attention to a linear filling defect at the ipsilateral distal M1 branch of the MCA identified as a dissection on image reconstruction. The third patient had intracranial ICA stenosis not considered hemodynamically significant, but the asymmetric RVP thickening indicated flow-limiting stenosis, which was supported by cervical ICA flow measurements by Doppler. Two patients had resolution of asymmetric RVP thickening confirming flow restoration, one following treatment of intracranial vasospasm and the other after carotid revascularization. Asymmetric RVP thickening is a valuable biomarker that can identify flow-limiting stenosis, at times incidentally, and monitor changes in flow impairment, offering the potential for improved diagnostic accuracy and stroke risk assessment.ABBREVIATIONS: RVP＝Rektorzik venous plexus; VWMRI＝vessel wall MRI.

The world today faces environmental issues that are apparently irreversible. Although fresh environmental statistics and data highlight newspapers and news channels at the break of each new day, there are little mitigation measures brought into practice to alleviate the detrimental factors leading to environment degradation occurring globally. The eco-apocalyptic state of the world catalysts for a new understanding to be achieved from the human world towards the non-human world. It is observed that literature of all times has reflected the issues related to society. Writers from the past have been writing on issues related to the environment since a very lengthy span of time. Unarguably, Rachel Carson’s notable work Silent Spring (1962) revolutionized the contemporary thought drawing attention into the environmental damage caused by use of harmful pesticides. In the present day, literary voices globally are making pivotal contributions to mobilize people, institutes and organizations worldwide to spread awareness about the acute ecological challenge. In this context, the present paper delves into an eco-fictional work of Maggie Gee. Gee is a well-known contemporary British novelist whose work has been shortlisted for the Orange Prize and the International Impac Award. Many of Gee’s characters are found in constant conflict with the environmental forces. The present paper examines Gee’s recent novel, The Red Children (2022) through an ecocritical lens. This research paper uncovers the ecocritical elements in Gee’s fiction representing her as an ecocritical writer.

Behavioural research is foundational to sustainable tourism, yet persistent methodological shortcomings warrant critical reflection. This paper issues a wake-up call to the field, drawing attention to the enduring gap between behavioural intentions and actual behaviours, the overreliance on cross-sectional survey designs, and the conflation of self-reports with observed actions. We identify key methodological pitfalls in the study of behavioural intent and behaviour, including the dominance of designs that obscure causality, the widespread use of self-reported data prone to recall and social desirability biases, and structural challenges such as self-selection, self-representation, and self-deception. Further concerns include the uncritical adaptation of weak or context-inappropriate scales, limited methodological triangulation, and questionable research practices such as HARKing. Drawing on exemplar articles published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism, we showcase best practices in capturing real-world behaviour through experimental and longitudinal approaches. We also outline the Journal’s evolving expectations for submissions, introducing a tiered framework clarifying acceptable methodological standards. We call for robust theoretical innovation, thoughtful scale development, and empirically grounded designs that engage with the complexity of real behaviour—advancing behavioural research in sustainable tourism toward greater credibility, transparency, and impact.

Abstract This article forms part of the extensive process of reflecting on Nicaea, taking the form of a reflection on the commemoration of Nicaea. It adds to the longstanding concern with the imperial underpinnings of Nicene language by drawing attention to the ongoing implications of Christian imperialism into the present of 2025. The article seeks to draw on the recent methodological contributions of Hanna Reichel to provide the theological language for examining the imperial in relation to Nicaea into the present. Ultimately it seeks to highlight the importance of theological language that more easily afford inclusive and lifegiving anthropologies.